Answer:
Experiment
Explanation:
For such an investigation an Experiment would be the better option. This is because in an experiment you would have both an experimental group and a control group. This would allow you to use fertilizer on one but not the other, therefore, providing seperate results that you can use to compare with one another. This ultimately helps you determine the actual effects that fertilizer has on the growth of plants, since the fertilizer would be the only variable in the experiment. An observational study would only allow you to observe the plants in a natural scenario, without interfering and seperating the plants into different groups with different environments.
ii) Explain briefly how these features contribute to the efficiency of photosynthesis?
Answer:
here's your answer
Explanation:
the estimated maximum energy efficiency of photosynthesis is the energy stored per mole of oxygen evolved, 117/450, or 26 percent.
Consequently, plants can at best absorb only about 34 percent of the incident sunlight. The actual percentage of solar energy stored by plants is much less than the maximum energy efficiency of photosynthesis. An agricultural crop in which the biomass (total dry weight) stores as much as 1 percent of total solar energy received on an annual areawide basis is exceptional, although a few cases of higher yields (perhaps as much as 3.5 percent in sugarcane) have been reported. There are several reasons for this difference between the predicted maximum efficiency of photosynthesis and the actual energy stored in biomass. First, more than half of the incident sunlight is composed of wavelengths too long to be absorbed, and some of the remainder is reflected or lost to the leaves
The science community has taken the following stance on Global Climate change. "Climate change is the single biggest environmental and humanitarian crisis of our time. The Earth's atmosphere is overloaded with heat-trapping carbon dioxide, which threatens large-scale disruptions in a climate with disastrous consequences. We must act now to spur the adoption of cleaner energy sources at home and abroad."
What position do you take with this statement?
Explain your reasoning for your position.
Provide evidence to support your position.
Answer:
Helper.
Explanation:
I will take the position of helper that work for the betterment of environment by reducing such activities that can increase the carbondioxide concentration in the atmosphere. The main reason for this position is the destruction and damages that occurs in the environment and to organisms that are present all around the world. This global warming leads to the extinction of these species so in order to protect them I choose this position.
6. What does the concept of learning set suggest?
O A. Ideas are needed to solve difficult problems.
O B. Emotion needs to be excluded from experiments involving cognition.
C. Imagination is the key to problem solving.
D. Animals learn how to learn.
Answer:
B. Emotion needs to be excluded from experiments involving cognition.Explanation:
#CarryOnLearning[tex]{hope it helps}}[/tex]
why your 21st century sophisticated, how do you explain the role of the plant in the change of the air in the jar
Answer: The gas of Fire constrains the atoms that make up oxygen in the air. Plants release oxygen, and take in carbon dioxide.
plz help
and explain why?
Answer:
steel plate
Explanation:
steel plate have lustre because steel is coated with zinc.
Hope it is helpful....Recall that one approach to the study of cell cycle regulation has been to fuse cultured cells that are at different stages of the cell cycle and observe the effect of the fusion on the nuclei of the fused cells (heterokaryons). When cells in Gl are fused with cells in S, the nuclei from the Gl cells begin DNA replication earlier than they would have if they had not been fused. In fusions of cells in G2 and S, however, nuclei continue their previous activities, apparently uninfluenced by the fusion. Fusions between mitotic cells and interphase cells always lead to chromatin condensation in the nonmitotic nuclei. Based on these results, identify each of the following statements about cell cycle regulation as probably true (T), probably false (F), or not possible to conclude from the data (NP). Sort each statement into the appropriate bin.
1. The transition from mitosis to G1 appears to result from the disappearance or inactivation of a cytoplasmic factor present during M-phase.
2. The activation of DNA synthesis may result from the stimulatory of one or more cytoplasmic factors.
3. Gl is not an obligatory phase of all cell cycles
4. The transition from G2 to mitosis may result from the presence in the G2 cytoplasm of one or more factors that induce chromatin formation.
5. The transition from S to G2 may result from the presence of a cytoplasmic factor that inhibits DNA synthesis.
A. T
B. F
C. NP
Answer:
1. T
2. T
3. NP
4. F
5. F
Explanation:
In somatic cells, the cell cycle can be divided into 1-the interphase, 2-the mitotic phase or M phase, and 3-the G₀ phase. In turn, the interphase of the cell cycle can be divided into three phases: 1-the gap 1 (G1) phase or growth 1 phase, 2-the S phase (DNA replication or DNA synthesis), and 3-the gap 2 (G2) phase or growth 2 phase. During the G1 phase, the cell synthesizes key enzymes which are required during DNA replication (S phase) and cell division (M phase). Cytoplasmic factors are proteins and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) that control cell functions during the cell cycle. This cycle is modulated by proteins known as control factors, i.e., cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) that work together to control the progression through different phases of the cell cycle. The transition from S to G2 occurs after DNA replication. This transition (S to G2) is controlled by a DNA damage checkpoint orchestrated by the ATM (Ataxia telangiectasia mutated) and ATR (Ataxia Telangiectasia and Rad3 related) kinases which are recruited to DNA damage sites. Moreover, the transition from G2 to M phase is mediated by the accumulation of mitotic inducers, which lead to an increase in the activity of mitotic kinase and finally trigger mitotic entry.
Describe the normal process of osteogenesis for compact and spongy bone using the three different types of bone cells and their functions
Answer:
Osteoblasts penetrate the disintegrating cartilage and replace it with spongy bone. This forms a primary ossification center. Ossification continues from this center toward the ends of the bones. After spongy bone is formed in the diaphysis, osteoclasts break down the newly formed bone to open up the medullary cavity.
define cell and atom
Answer:
Cell is made of molecules whereas atoms make up molecules. Cells are the smallest functioning unit in a living organism.
Atom is the smallest unit of matter. Usually, a cell is on the micrometer scale while an atom is in the angstrom scale .
OAmalOHopeO
Because the bell jar in the model lung cannot move, any changes in volume are a result solely of the movement of the rubber diaphragm. Match the position of the rubber diaphragm to changes in volume and pressure inside the bell jar and balloon size.
a. Galloons inflate
b. Balloons deflate
c. Volume inside bell jar increases
d. Volume inside bell jar decreases
e. Pressure inside bell jar decreases
f. Pressure inside bell jar increases
1. Rubber diaphragm up
2. Rubber diaphragm down
Answer:
1. Rubber diaphragm up-
b. Balloons deflate
d. Volume inside bell jar decreases
f. Pressure inside bell jar increases
2. Rubber diaphragm down-
a. Galloons inflate
c. Volume inside bell jar increases
e. Pressure inside bell jar decreases
Explanation:
The rubber diaphragm is the model to demonstart the various parts of the respiratory system and how they move during breathing process. In case of it moves down, the rubber diaphragm is stretched, the volume inside the bell jar increases which causes presursue decrease.
Balloon inhale or sucks in the air from outside and gets inflate. this increases the volume in the jar. The pressure is increased
All claims in science should be supported by
what is water transparency
Answer:
Transparency of water relates to the depth that light will penetrate water. The change that occurs is from predominantly yellow light at the surface to blue-green at depth in clear water or yellow-green in waters having a high concentration of dissolved organic material.
Answer:
Transparency of water relates to the depth that light will penetrate water. ... The change that occurs is from predominantly yellow light at the surface to blue-green at depth in clear water or yellow-green in waters having a high concentration of dissolved organic material.
Which type of medications are manufactured as an antigen against the disease-
causing bacteria or virus and then administered to healthy individuals to produce
adaptive immune response?
Chemotherapy drugs
Immune-modulators
Vaccines
Alkylating agents
Please help. Thx
Answer:
Vaccine are manufactured as an antigen against the disease-causing bacteria or virus and then administered to healthy individuals to produce adaptive immune response
The type of medications are manufactured as an antigen against the disease- causing bacteria or virus and then administered to healthy individuals to produce adaptive immune response is Vaccines which is the third option.
Vaccines are medications that are manufactured as an antigen against disease-causing bacteria or viruses. They are designed to stimulate the immune system of healthy individuals to produce an adaptive immune response. By introducing a harmless or weakened form of the pathogen or its components into the body, vaccines mimic an infection and trigger an immune response. This allows the immune system to recognize and remember the pathogen, enabling a faster and more effective response if the person is exposed to the actual disease-causing agent in the future.
Learn more about vaccine here.
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•Based on cellular respiration, why does cardiac arrest (heart stops beating) decrease brain activity? Hint: think about what happens in the absence of blood flow and oxygen levels.
Answer:
the heart stops pumping as much blood to the brain which will lower the amount of funtion.
Genes:
A. in plants exist only in some individuals
B. they determine the structural and functional characteristics of each individual
C. they determine only the functional characteristics of each individual
D. they determine only the characteristics structural of each individual
E. do not exist in prokaryotes
Answer:
B. They determine the structural and functional characteristics of each individual
Explanation:
Genes are present in all plants and in all prokaryotes, so answer choices A and E are incorrect. Genes are present in all living things.
Genes do determine the structural characteristics of each individual, but they also determine the functional characteristics.
Structure, which is controlled by genes, directly affects function. For example, a gene could code for a specific protein's structure, which will in turn give it a specific function.
So, the correct answer is B.
7. Shawn plotted the data in a bar graph with two bars: one representing the number of bees per colony in the control cages and the other representing the number of bees per colony in the cages exposed to the fungicide. If the results support the hypothesis that fungicides harm bee development, what would you expect this bar graph to show? Describe the expected pattern in a few sentences.
Answer:
The first bar increases in length as compared to the second bar.
Explanation:
The length of the bar of control cages in graph increases because the number of bees per colony increases while on the other hand, the length of the bar of the cage that is exposed to fungicides decreases because the bees are negatively affected from the application of fungicides. They act abnormal in behaviour and adversely affected the reproduction of bees that greatly affected its population.
Regarding the "East Side Story" hypothesis, what would paleoanthropologists need to show that it was false?
Answer:
Evidence of fossil apes and hominids in both East and West of the great rift valley
Explanation:
The East Side Story hypothesis opined that a tectonic plate movement created a seismic split in the earth, thus deepened the rift valley and created a geographical barrier between the east and the west of the great rift valley. The barrier created a kind of geographical isolation between the ancestors of hominids, dividing them into two with each population taking different evolutionary paths.
Thereafter, the ancestors in the western side of the rift valley evolved into the chimpanzee's family while those in the eastern side ultimately evolved into humans.
Thus, providing the fossils of apes and that of hominids in both East and West sides of the great rift valley will render the hypothesis invalid.
Which is true if energy in ecosystem
Explanation:
energy flows in only one direction through an ecosystem.
Cystic fibrosis is most common in individuals of Northern European descent, affecting 1 in 3200 newborns. Assuming that these alleles are at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the disease-causing CFTR alleles in this population
Answer:
0.0177
Explanation:
Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease, thereby an individual must have both copies of the CFTR mutant alleles to have this disease. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium states that p² + 2pq + q² = 1, where p² represents the frequency of the homo-zygous dominant genotype (normal phenotype), q² represents the frequency of the homo-zygous recessive genotype (cystic fibrosis phenotype), and 2pq represents the frequency of the heterozygous genotype (individuals that carry one copy of the CFTR mutant allele). Moreover, under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the sum of the dominant 'p' allele frequency and the recessive 'q' allele frequency is equal to 1. In this case, we can observe that the frequency of the homo-zygous recessive condition for cystic fibrosis (q²) is 1/3200. In consequence, the frequency of the recessive allele for cystic fibrosis can be calculated as follows:
1/3200 = q² (have two CFTR mutant alleles) >>
q = √ (1/3200) = 1/56.57 >>
- Frequency of the CFTR allele q = 1/56.57 = 0.0177
- Frequency of the dominant 'normal' allele p = 1 - q = 1 - 0.0177 = 0.9823
Suppose that 1 mL of an enzyme solution can completely catalyze 10 mL of substrate in 8 minutes. Now suppose that you change the amount of enzyme, the amount of substrate, or add another substance to the mixture. How would each type of change affect the reaction rate?
Match the results you would expect with each change to the experimental design. The same result may occur with more than one experimental change.
1. Use 0.5 mL of enzyme instead of 1 mL
2. Use 5 mL of substrate mixed with 5 mL water instead of 10 mL of substrate
3. Add a molecule to the mixture that preferentially binds and blocks the enzyme's active site
4. Use 20 mL of substrate instead of 10 mL
a. The reaction rate will be close to zero over the entire 8 minutes
b. The reaction rate will remain steady over the entire 8 minutes
c. The reaction rate will approach zero before 8 minutes.
Answer:
1. b. The reaction rate will remain steady over the entire 8 minutes.
2. c. The reaction rate approach zero before 8 minutes.
3. a. The reaction rate will be close to zero over the entire 8 minutes.
4. b. The reaction rate will remain steady over the entire 8 minutes.
Explanation:
When 0.5 mL of enzyme is introduced with water, the reaction will remain steady. When more substrate solution is mixed with water, then reaction will approach to zero depending on the amount of substrate mixed with water.
Which definition best describes an acid?
I know It is c hope is helps!
Explanation:
An acid is any substance that in water solution tastes sour, changes blue litmus paper to red, reacts with some metals to liberate hydrogen, reacts with bases to form salts, and promotes chemical reactions (acid catalysis)
Hi I'm pretty sure this is D just want to make sure :)
A population of snails is experiencing disruptive selection in terms of their shell patterns.
Which statement about the population is most likely true?
Two different shell patterns are combining into one very common pattern.
Snails with two different shell patterns are surviving in greater numbers than snails with the most common shell pattern.
Snails with a new shell pattern are surviving in greater numbers than snails with all other shell patterns.
Snails with the most common shell pattern are surviving in greater numbers than snails with all other shell patterns.
Answer:
Snails with the most common shell pattern are surviving in greater numbers than snails with all other shell patterns.
Explanation:
This is because of the natural selection process. The better adaption of the most common shell pattern makes it easier for the snails to survive the natural habitat.
Elephants are considered K-strategists because they give birth to only one calf at a time and most have five years in between having another calf. Calves stay under the protection of the mother and her herd until maturity at 10-15 years of age. What type of survivorship curve do elephants tend to follow
Answer:
Type I curve
Explanation:
The K-strategist are species characterized by relatively stable populations that fluctuate at the carrying capacity of the habitat or niche in which organisms reside. Elephants are considered as K-strategists because they have a low population growth rate and relatively stable populations. There are three different types of survivorship curves. The Type I curve (also referred to as A curve) is characteristic of k-strategist organisms. Humans and elephants exhibit a Type I survivorship curve in which organisms tend to die when they become elderly. These species have a small number of offspring and provide parental care to ensure their survival. In a Type II survivorship curve, species produce many offspring and only some offspring survive (e.g., birds), while in Type III survivorship curve organisms produce many more offspring and most do not survive (i.e., r-strategists such as frogs or insects).
A plant of genotype C/C ; d/d is crossed to c/c ; D/D and an F1 testcrossed to c/c ; d/d. If the genes are linked, and 20 map units apart, what will be the percentage of c/c ; d/d recombinants
Answer:
10%
Explanation:
The parental crossings = Cd/Cd x cD /cD
The distance the genes C and D = 20 map units
Determine the percentage of cd / cd recombinants that will be formed
the distance shows that there is only 20% recombinant progeny
The recombinants are : CD/CD and cd/cd = 20%
i.e. each recombinant progeny = 20% / 2 = 10%
hence % of cd/cd recombinant = 10%
If 622 water molecules were removed during the synthesis of a specific polysaccharide, how many monomers were joined together to make this molecule? need help please and thank you
Answer:
623 monomers
Explanation:
In a dehydration synthesis reaction, one water molecule is removed for every bond that is created between 2 monomers.
Linking 3 monomers together would remove 2 water molecules.
Following this pattern, the number of water molecules removed will always be one less than the number of monomers that were joined together.
So, if 622 water molecules were removed, then 623 monomers were joined together.
The answer is 623 monomers.
What type of lipid is shown?
saturated
unsaturated
phospholipid
triglyceride
Answer:
unsaturated is the correct answer
A particular cross gives a modified dihybrid ratio of 9:7. What phenotypic ratio would you expect in a testcross of the fully heterozygous F1 crossed with the fully recessive type
Answer:
3:1
Explanation:
Due to technical problems, you will find the complete explanation in the attached files.
lab reports of onion cell
Answer:
you gotta show the onion cell if you want this to be answered
You isolate a variant of the Hfr parent in question 6 that only shows recombination of the his+ and trp+ genes. The cross was ( HFR lac+, gal+, trp+, his+, strr X F- lac-, gal-, trp-, his-, strs ). This strain most likely:_________.
a. Contains an F' his+ trp
b. Has become F-
c. Contains an Hfr translocation
d. No longer mates as a merry diploid
e. Not enough information is given
Answer:
The correct answer is - b. has become F-.
Explanation:
In the case of the cross of two different strains, some genetic material moves to the F- strain from the Hfr strain, but due to genome size, it's not possible that all the genes can pass into a single bacterium.
Instead of complete transfer, each individual F- cell gets a different and random subset of genes from the Hfr. There is no translocation and F' does not contain his+ trp+.
If a less concentrated initial solution of sodium bicarbonate was used in beaker C, would that solution require more or less bicarbonate to neutralize the acid? Why?
Less bicarbonate would be required to neutralize the acid if a less concentrated initial solution of sodium bicarbonate was used in beaker C.
What is bicarbonate?Bicarbonate is a naturally occurring chemical compound composed of sodium, hydrogen and carbonate ions. It is a salt and a weak acid, and its chemical formula is NaHCO3. Bicarbonate has many uses, including baking, cleaning, medicine, and neutralizing acids. Baking soda, which is sodium bicarbonate, is used in baking as a leavening agent. It acts to create air bubbles in dough, which helps breads and cakes to rise. Bicarbonate is also used in cleaning products as a mild abrasive and a pH buffer.
This is because a less concentrated solution will have fewer moles of bicarbonate per liter of solution, thus requiring less bicarbonate to neutralize the same amount of acid.
To learn more about bicarbonate
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In a diploid cell, a FISH probe should produce ____________ signals in metaphase FISH and ____________ signals in interphase FISH.
Answer: Four, two
Explanation:
FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) is a technique for chromosome mapping with probes that emit fluorescence and allow the visualization, distinction and study of chromosomes of nuclei in metaphase or inferophase. In this way, any type of anomaly such as inversions, aneuploidies, duplications or microdeletions can be seen. To do this, a non-specific DNA staining is performed with DAPI (a fluorophore that marks the nucleus where DNA is present) and the fluorescence will be seen under the microscope.
When cells are in metaphase, their chromosomes are condensed in preparation for cell division. To stop them in metaphase, colchicine is used which is a microtubule depolymerizing agent responsible for separating the sister chromatids of a chromosome, thus preventing the progression of cell division and arresting the cell cycle in metaphase. Here we will see translocations, microdeletions or duplications.
Interphase FISH is used to see decondensed chromatin, which allows higher resolution in detecting small abnormalities. It is mainly used for the detection of aneuploidies or large deletions, duplications or translocations when samples are difficult to grow or are scarce, as in the case of fetal or tumor cells. It is not possible to distinguish between a normal karyotype and a karyotype showing a balanced translocation. In addition, it can be used in the analysis of solid tumors, which divide very infrequently.
During metaphase, the chromosomes are duplicated so there would be two sets of chromosomes (a total of four chromosomes). Then, there would be four signals for each probe. During interphase, the chromosomes are not dupicated. Since it is a diploid organisms, there would be two chromosomes and this will represen two signals for probe.
