No, the expected effect of a deletion of three nucleotides in a gene would be the loss of one amino acid in the resulting protein sequence.
This is because the genetic code is read in groups of three nucleotides, called codons, with each codon specifying a particular amino acid. When a deletion of three nucleotides occurs, it shifts the reading frame of the gene and causes all subsequent codons to be read incorrectly, resulting in a different amino acid sequence from that of the original gene. This type of mutation is known as a frameshift mutation and can have significant effects on the structure and function of the resulting protein.
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2. (b) Describe TWO environmental benefits of urbanization.
What federal agencies have any jurisdiction over deep fluid-injection wells, and
how broad is their power?
Answer:
Currently, the EPA has granted primacy over all classes of injection wells in 33 states and 2 territories. The EPA shares jurisdiction for injection regulation in 7 states and has complete regulatory authority over underground injection in 10 states and 2 territories.
fill in the blank. this reaction releases___from the acrosome of the sperm cell, which then digest a path through the granulosa cells and the___
The reaction releases digestive enzymes from the acrosome of the sperm cell, which then digest a path through the granulosa cells and the zona pellucida.
The acrosome of a sperm cell secretes digestive enzymes including hyaluronidase and acrosin that dissolve the zona pellucida, the ovum's outer layer. As a result, the haploid nucleus in the sperm and the haploid nucleus in the ovum can merge.
An organ found on the front part of the sperm head is called an acrosome. Together with humans, it is found in many other mammals. The Golgi apparatus of the cell gives rise to the acrosome, a cap-like structure.
These enzymes disintegrate the zona pellucida, the ovum's outer membrane. This makes it easier for the sperm cell and ovum to fuse together. The digestive enzymes known as hyaluronidases help the body break down hyaluronic acid.
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Help me please answer all te questions
Answer:
1. A
2. B
3. D
4. A
Explanation:
For each of these three fitness arrays, calculate what the frequency of allele 1 would be for the next generation, starting from p=0.1 in the zygote stage, and assuming random mating.
Genotype: AA Aa aa
Fitness 1: 1 0.8 0.8
fitness 2: 1 1 0.5
fitness 3: 1 0.85 0.75
To Calculate the frequency of allele 1 for each of these three fitness arrays, assuming random mating results in fitness 1: 1 0.8 0.8 and starting at p=0.1 at the zygote stage. Option 2 is Correct.
The earliest stage of conception, commonly referred to as fertilization, is the zygote stage. The third week is when fertilization takes place. A zygote is made when a sperm and an egg combine. Week 4: The little cluster of cells develops into a blastocyst and attaches itself into the lining of your uterus.
Fitness scores range from 0 to 1. The population's fitness may be calculated as 1 - s, where s is the selection coefficient, and 1 is the fitness of the fittest individual. Hence, Option 2 is Correct.
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Correct Question:
For each of these three fitness arrays, calculate what the frequency of allele 1 would be for the next generation, starting from p=0.1 in the zygote stage, and assuming random mating.
1. Genotype: AA Aa aa
2. Fitness 1: 1 0.8 0.8
3. fitness 2: 1 1 0.5
4. fitness 3: 1 0.85 0.75
PLEASE HELP!!!What type of air masses form over land in polar regions?
cold and dry air masses
warm and dry air masses
cold and wet air masses
warm and wet air masses
In polar regions, air masses that develop over land tend to be chilly and dry.
These air masses are characterized by their cold temperatures and low moisture content and are thought to originate over high latitudes.
Air massesLarge bodies of air known as air masses have similar properties with one another, including stability, humidity, and temperature. The area across which an air mass originates affects the features of that air mass. A Continental Polar (cP) air mass is the term used to describe the air mass that develops over land in polar latitudes.The high latitudes where the cP air mass originates have extremely frigid temperatures, frequently below freezing. Because of its lack of access to a source of moisture, this air mass gets dry as it passes over land. As a result, the air mass has low relative humidity and moisture content.learn more about air masses here
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FILL IN THE BLANK thousands of scientists have found that ___helps virtually every age-related condition that people encounter.
Thousands of scientists have found that (B) exercise helps virtually every age-related condition that people encounter.
Early adulthood is considered a new stage in life between adolescence and early adulthood, which lasts around 18 to 25 years. Five characteristics of adulthood emerge: exploration of identity, instability, self-focus, feelings between adolescence and adulthood, and a sense of vast future possibilities. Adulthood emerges mainly in industrialized countries, where most young people are educated and where the median age of marriage and childbirth is around 30 years old. Emerging adulthood varies across industrialized countries. It lasted longest in Europe, while in industrialized Asia freedom from emerging egocentrism in adulthood was balanced by obligations to parents and conservative views on sexuality.
Exercise helps with weight loss and weight loss maintenance. Exercise increases your metabolism or the number of calories you burn each day. It can also help you maintain and increase lean body mass, which can also help increase the number of calories you burn each day.
In non-industrialized countries, emerging adults, although present only among middle-class elites, are expected to grow in the 21st century as these countries become more prosperous.
Complete Question:
Thousands of scientist have found that _____ helps virtually every age-related condition that people encounter
A. weight-loss surgery
B. exercise
C. low-fat diets
D. moderate alc consumptions
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the reason water takes so long to heat up and cool down is because it has a relatively high .
The reason water takes so long to heat up and cool down is due to its relatively high specific heat capacity. Specific heat capacity is defined as the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one unit mass of a substance by one degree Celsius.
Water has a very high specific heat capacity compared to many other substances, which means that it requires a large amount of heat energy to raise its temperature even by a small amount. This is why water takes longer to heat up compared to other materials with lower specific heat capacities, such as metals.
Similarly, water also takes a longer time to cool down because it requires a significant amount of heat energy to be removed in order for its temperature to drop. This is why it can take a while for the water to cool down to room temperature even after being heated.
The high specific heat capacity of water is important for many biological and environmental processes. For example, it helps to regulate the temperature of the human body and other living organisms, and it can also moderate temperature changes in aquatic environments.
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BRONZE
1. Suggest a suitable training
zone for a 25-year-old javelin
thrower.
2. Suggest a suitable training
zone for a 25-year-old
marathon runner.
SILVER
3. Apart from the difference
in heart rates, what other
differences would there be
in the training schedules of
the javelin thrower and the
marathon runner? Why?
1.) For 25-year-old javelin thrower, suitable training zone would be between 80-90% of their maximum heart rate (MHR) ; 2.) For 25-year-old marathon runner, suitable training zone would be between 60-70% of their MHR ; 3. Javelin thrower would focus on explosive power, speed and anaerobic endurance whereas marathon runner would focus more on aerobic endurance.
What differences would there be in training schedules of javelin thrower and marathon runner?2.) For 25-year-old marathon runner, suitable training zone would be between 60-70% of MHR and this training zone is considered low-intensity and helps improve aerobic endurance, cardiovascular fitness, and also muscular endurance.
3.) Apart from difference in heart rates, there are several other differences in training schedules of javelin thrower and marathon runner. Javelin thrower focuses more on explosive power, speed and anaerobic endurance whereas marathon runner focuses more on aerobic endurance, cardiovascular fitness and muscular endurance. Javelin thrower require more skill-specific training like throwing technique whereas marathon runner requires more distance-specific training like long-distance runs.
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select all of the reasons that gene regulation is advantageous in multicellular eukaryotic organisms.
The reasons that gene regulation is advantageous in multicellular eukaryotic organisms are;
B-it saves energyC-not all cells need all proteins encoded in the genomeWhat is gene regulation?Gene regulation is the process by which the expression of genes is controlled in response to various internal and external signals. It is a complex process that involves several mechanisms, including the binding of regulatory proteins to specific DNA sequences, chemical modification of DNA or histones, and the action of non-coding RNAs.
Gene regulation is essential for the proper development and functioning of all living organisms. It allows cells to respond to changes in their environment, differentiate into different cell types, and perform specialized functions.
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The complete question:
select all of the reasons that gene regulation is advantageous in multicellular organisms.
-it allows cells to delete unneeded genes and recycle the nucleotides for other processes
-it saves energy
-not all cells need all proteins encoded in the genome
Color blindness is an X-linked recessive trait. A color-blind man marries a homozygous normal female. They have two children, both with what is known as Turner Syndrome (monosomy X or X0 or X_). One child has normal vision and one is color-blind. Did nondisjunction occur in the mother or father for the child with normal vision? Explain.
Men are more likely than women to have red-green color blindness because it is inherited on the X chromosome. This is due to Only one X chromosome coming from a male's mother.
Red-green color blindness will occur if that X chromosome, as opposed to a normal X chromosome, contains the gene for the condition.
He would have a Y and an Xc, both of which contain DNA that can cause color blindness; that is, all of his Xs would cause color blindness. Because of this, he probably doesn't see colors. There is a 50% chance that each daughter will carry the disease, and there is a 50% chance that each son will be color blind.
Red-green color blindness and hemophilia A are two examples of X-linked recessive conditions: Color blindness that is red-green. A person with red-green color blindness is able to see normally but cannot differentiate between blue-green and red shades.
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When electrons flow along the electron transport chains of mitochondria, which of the changes occurs? The correct answer is (B) the pH of the matrix increases. As electrons are passed along the electron transport chains, protons are actively transported from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space.
Protons are actively transferred from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane gap as electrons move along the electron transport chains. Option 4 is Correct.
One of the changes that takes place as electrons move along mitochondria's electron transport chains is a rise in the matrix's pH. Both photosynthesis and cellular respiration take place in mitochondria. In the former, energy is released together with the release of electrons from the breakdown of organic molecules.
In the latter, after being activated by light, the electrons join the chain, and the energy released is utilized to create carbs. At the conclusion of cellular respiration comes the electron transport chain, a network of chemical processes. This chain is found in the cell's cristae or inner mitochondrial membrane. Option 4 is Correct.
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Correct Question:
When electrons flow along the electron transport chains of mitochondria, which of the following changes occurs?
1. NAD+ is oxidized.
2. The electrons gain free energy.
3. The cytochromes phosphorylate ADP to form ATP.
4. The pH of the matrix increases.
5. ATP synthase pumps protons by active transport.
6. the pH of the matrix increases.
How are bison adapted to life in grasslands? (Select all that apply.)
Bison can run at speeds of up to 70 mph to catch prey.
Bison dig and live in tunnels for protection.
Bison have thick winter coats for warmth.
Bison have special stomachs to digest grass
Answer:bison can dig and live in tunnels for protection
bisons have special stomachs to digest grass
Explanation:
Please help on this fast
9. What number on the diagram is pointing to the deltoid muscle?
15
16
17
18
Answer:
17 number on the diagram is pointing to the deltoid muscle
Using a pH meter, you find the pH of an unknown solution to be 12. How would you describe this solution? Group of answer choices weakly acidic strongly basic (alkaline) strongly acidic weakly basic (alkaline)
A pH of 12 would be strongly basic.
If a student was trying to reduce the amount of protein intake and wanted to test a sample of their food
to see if it was good for them to eat, what test would they use? Explain.
The Kjeldahl method is a chemical process that involves digesting the food sample with sulfuric acid, which converts the nitrogen content in the protein to ammonium sulfate.
What is an acid ?An acid is a chemical substance that donates positively charged hydrogen ions (H+) when it dissolves in water. Acids have a pH level lower than 7 on a pH scale, which ranges from 0 to 14. The greater the concentration of H+ ions in a solution, the more acidic it is.
Acids can be found in both natural and man-made substances, and they can be classified as either strong or weak based on their ability to donate H+ ions. Strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and nitric acid (HNO3), donate H+ ions readily and can completely dissociate in water. Weak acids, such as acetic acid (CH3COOH) and carbonic acid (H2CO3), donate H+ ions less readily and only partially dissociate in water.
Acids can react with bases to form salts and water in a process known as neutralization. This reaction involves the transfer of H+ ions from the acid to the base, resulting in the formation of salt and water.
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How does the number of chromosomes in an organism's reproductive cells compare to the number of chromosomes in the organism's body cells? A. The reproductive cells have the same number of chromosomes as the body cells. B. The reproductive cells have twice as many chromosomes as the body cells. C. The reproductive cells have four times as many chromosomes as the body cells. D. The reproductive cells have half as many chromosomes as the body cells.
Answer: D. The reproductive cells have half as many chromosomes as the body cells.
which of the following hypotheses emphasizes isolation and environmental factors as forces of natural evolution?
A form of hypothesis that emphasizes isolation and environmental variables as causes of natural evolution stresses stressful environmental circumstances.
According to the principle of natural selection, organisms breed more young than they can withstand in their surroundings. Those who are more physically capable of surviving, maturing, and reproducing. We refer to this as allopatric speciation. Allopatric, peripatric, parapatric, sympatric, and artificial speciation are the five different forms.
When a species divides into two distinct groups that are separated from one another, allopatric speciation takes place. The impact of isolation was proposed to be explained by the "social control theory." According to the social control hypothesis, internalized commitments to and overt influence from network members tend to deter unhealthy habits and promote healthy ones.
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Correct Question:
What type of hypotheses emphasizes isolation and environmental factors as forces of natural evolution?
contrast the following activities in prokaryotes and eukaryotes: replication of dna transcription or translation gene regulation cell division
The cytoplasm of the cell is where prokaryotic transcription takes place, whereas the nucleus of the cell is where eukaryotic transcription takes place.
Direct transcription of prokaryotic mRNA from DNA is possible. Eukaryotes, in contrast, produce pre-mRNA first, followed by the processing of mature mRNA. DNA replication, which is primarily accomplished through binary fission or budding in prokaryotes, is the initial stage of cell division. DNA replication happens during the synthesis (S) phase of the cell cycle, which is a somewhat complex process in eukaryotes. Transcriptional control happens at the transcriptional level in prokaryotes, where transcription and translation both take place concurrently in the cytoplasm.
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Contrast the following activities in prokaryotes and eukaryotes: Replication of DNA, Transcription, Gene Regulation, Cell Division.
Fish respiration and plant photosynthesis simulation
Photosynthesis, cellular respiration, and ecological output can all be studied using this program. Set the plant number to 0 to try the fish only. Set the fish to 0 to try only vegetation. Set the light level to 0 to monitor plant cellular respiration. The simulation will execute immediately whenever a variable is modified.
Aquatic plants, like land plants, engage in photosynthesis and internal metabolism. When marine autotrophs release oxygen as a result of photosynthesis, it dissolves in water. Dissolved oxygen can be detected directly to determine whether aquatic plants engage in photosynthesis or cellular respiration under various circumstances.
Finding a consistent supply of aquatic plants can be challenging because some species are only accessible periodically and others are invasive. As a result, for this novel exercise,We suggest Java moss (Vesicularia dubyana) or Christmas moss (Vesicularia montagnei), two watery aquaria-friendly aquatic bryophytes. As evidenced by our findings, Java moss experiences cellular respiration in the dark, resulting in a decrease in dissolved oxygen, and rapidly changes to photosynthesis when subjected to an LED or halogen plant light. Using this tough aquatic plant, students can simply adjust light levels to learn more about photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
What is a structural observation you can make to explain why the rumen does not rip or burst?
Answer:
The rumen is a specialized compartment of the stomach found in ruminant animals such as cows, sheep, and goats. It is designed to handle the fermentation of cellulose and other complex carbohydrates through the activity of microorganisms. One structural observation that explains why the rumen does not rip or burst is its ability to stretch and accommodate large volumes of feed.
The rumen is a muscular sac that can expand and contract as needed to accommodate the incoming feed. The walls of the rumen are lined with folds of tissue called papillae, which increase the surface area available for nutrient absorption. The rumen also contains a complex network of muscles and nerves that allow it to move and mix the contents, ensuring that all parts of the feed are exposed to the microorganisms and digestive enzymes.
Additionally, the rumen is supported by the diaphragm and other surrounding organs, which help to prevent it from overexpanding or rupturing. The diaphragm is a sheet of muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities and provides support to the rumen as it expands.
Overall, the combination of muscularity, papillae, and support from surrounding structures enables the rumen to handle large volumes of feed without ripping or bursting.
You are crossing two pea plants. One is heterozygous for yellow. The second pea plant is homozygous for green. Use "G/g" as the letter to represent the gene for this problem.
Answer:
Parent 1 genotype: Gg
Parent 2 genotype: gg
gg's bro
please help me i begging you
topic : Nonodontogenic
inflammatory processes of maxillofacial area (furuncle, carbuncle, erysipelas).
1) Furuncle (boil) is acute infection of:
A. a hair follicle and adjacent soft tissue.
B. a hair folicle.
C. a group of adjacent hair follicles become deeply infected.
D. oil and sweat-gland.
E. oilgland.
2) Cavernous sinus thrombosis can complicate boils or carbuncles on the:
A. lower lip and submentum.
B. parotid region.
C. nose, upper lip and cheek.
D. temporal region.
E. submandibular regionandneck.
3) The boils may coalesce into violaceous plaques at patient with:
A. HIV.
B. diabetes mellitus.
C. congenital anomalies.
D. atopic dermatitis.
E. cellulitis.
4)Select the type of microorganism causing of erysipelas:
A. staphylococcus.
B. pneumococcus.
C. actynomycetes.
D. herpes zoster.
E. streptococcus.
5) Depression of which of the following cells delay wound healing:
A. neutrophils.
B. lymphocytes.
C. monocytes.
D. erythrocytes.
E. none of above listed.
6) Organisms gain entry to form abscess:
A. direct infection.
B. local extension.
C. lymphatic and hematogenous spread.
D. none of above listed.
E. all of above.
7) Re-sutured wounds:
A. heals foster.
B. gets infected.
C. heals slower.
D. do not heal easily.
E. none of above listed.
8) If boils are recurred which of the following should be excluded:
A. epilepsy.
B. diabetes.
C. hypertension.
D. arrhythmias.
E. allergy.
9) Boils usually infect regional lymph nodes:
A. secondary.
B. primarily.
C. all of above.
D. none of above.
E. chronically.
10) The major factor in the production of inflammatory edema is:
A. arterial dilatation.
B. venous obstruction.
C. leukocytosis.
D. all of above listed.
E. increased capillary permeability.
11) Multiple pustules appear on the affected surface of skin by:
A. воil.
B. carbuncles.
C. eresipelas.
D. hidradenitis suppurativa.
E. cubcutaneous granuloma.
12) The causative agent of boils and carbuncles are:
A. streptococcus.
B. e. coli;
C. proteus;
D. association s.aureus and proteus.
E. staphylococcus.
13) The unlimited spread of on exudate through the tissues in acute inflammation is a characteristic feature of:
A. granulomatous infection.
B. cellulitis.
C. abscess.
D. leukocytosis
E. leukopedia
14) Predisposing factor for origin of erysipelas in adult is:
A. furunculosis.
B. a cut in the skin, skin ulcers, and problems with the drainage through the veins or lymph system.
C. congenital anomalies of skin.
D. exudative diathesis.
E. cardivascular decompensation.
15) To choice diseases for differential diagnosis of boil:
A. cavernous sinus thrombosis, mediastinitis.
B. siphylis, tuberculosis, actinomycosis.
C. hidradenitis suppurativa, acne vulgaris, anthrax.
D. lymphadenitis.
E. lupus erythematosus.
Answer:
1) A. a hair follicle and adjacent soft tissue.
2) C. nose, upper lip, and cheek.
3) B. diabetes mellitus.
4) E. streptococcus.
5) B. lymphocytes.
6) E. all of the above.
7) C. heals slower.
8) B. diabetes.
9) A. secondary.
10) E. increased capillary permeability.
11) A. boil.
12) E. staphylococcus.
13) B. cellulitis.
14) B. a cut in the skin, skin ulcers, and problems with the drainage through the veins or lymph system.
15) C. hidradenitis suppurativa, acne vulgaris, anthrax.
Answer:
1. A
2. C
3. A
4. E
5. C
6. E
7. C
8. B
9. A
10. E
11. D
12. E
13. B
14. B
15. C
What is responsible for the high resolution of the electron
microscope?
Answer: The high resolution of EM images results from the use of electrons (which have very short wavelengths) as the source of the illuminating radiation. Electron microscopy is used in conjunction with a variety of ancillary techniques (e.g. thin sectioning, immuno-labeling, negative staining) to answer specific questions.
Explanation:
what are the names for the 2 wind systems where pressure belts meet called
Answer:
The two wind systems where pressure belts meet are called the "Polar Front" and the "Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)".
Explanation:
label the bone features (bone markings) of the rib articulating with a vertebra by clicking and dragging the label to the correct location.
Heads are the bone markings that make up ball-and-socket joints. From the femur or humerus's proximal end, these are the rounded bone projections. The head fits into the joint's socket on the appropriate bone.
The thoracic vertebrae all have construction (or bone stamping) found horizontally on each side, called the demi facets. The ribs articulate at the demi facets of the thoracic vertebrae. There will be a set of demi facets on each of the 12 thoracic vertebrae because they all connect to the ribs.
The trochlear notch on the ulna, the radial notch on the ulna, the suprasternal notch, and the mandibular notch are just a few examples. The curved portion of a bone that provides the rest of the bone with structural support is called the ramus. The superior/inferior pubic ramus and the mandible ramus are two examples.
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LOOK AT THE OTHER TWO QUESTIONS I POSTED AND THEN SOMEBODY ANSWER THIS PLEASE I NEED HELP WITH IT AND I WOULD APPRECIATE IT IF SOMEONE COULD HELP ME WITH THIS
Answer:
Explanation:
Choose the right answer.
If the stem on the left has the weights of the juniors and the stem on the right has the weights of the freshmen, we can see that the
weigh more.jioj
as characteristized in lecture, an oil spill is an example of: question 12 options: competition antagonism ammensalism commensalism
Antagonism can take one of two forms: competitive and non-competitive. Ketamine, on the other hand, is a non-competitive foe of the NMDA-glutamate receptor, whereas naloxone is a competitive foe of all opioid receptors. The correct answer is Antagonism.
Competitive antagonism is based on the idea that an agonist or antagonist can bind to the same recognition site(s) on the receptor and compete for those sites when they are present simultaneously.
A competitive antagonist blocks the agonist's action by binding to the same site as the agonist but not activating it. To prevent the receptor from being activated, a non-competitive antagonist binds to an allosteric (non-agonist) site on the receptor.
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I was present and formed this exercise initial SHEET 5-21 Blood Agar OBSERVATIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS 1 Choose tour different colonies with a diversity of hemoly routons ncluding one stb) and fill in the table. Refer to Table 5-27, page 387. and Figure 2.4. paxta when recording and interpreting your results. Hemolysis Colony Morphology Result Source of Culture and Agar Appearance Interpretation #20 clearing around organism hemolyzes S. aureus RBC completely #17 Greening around organism partially nemolyzes RBCS growth S. typhimurium - growth ܬܘܬ ܘܘ ܚܬܡܘܢ sv hemolyees ROLS S. epidermidis #23 S. pyogenes No change in medium clearing around growth organism hemolyzes RBCs completely QUESTIONS The streak-stab technique, used to promote streptolysint activity, is preferred over incubating the plates anaerobically: a. Wily do you think this is so? b. Compare and contrast what you see as the advantages and disadvantages of each procedure. CECTIONS Differential Tests 389 Assuming that all of the organisms cultivated in this exercise came from the throats of heart is it important to cover and tape the plates? from the throats of healthy students, why Why is the streak plate preferred over the spot inoculations in this procedure? was present and performed this exercise (initials) 5-21 growth Blood Agar OBSERVATIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS 1 Choose four different colonies (with a diversity of hemolysis reactions, including one stab) and fill in the table. Refer to Table 5-27, page 387, and Figure 2.4, page 68 when recording and interpreting your results. Hemolysis Colony Morphology Result Source of Culture and Agar Appearance (a, b, y) Interpretation #20 Clearing around organism hemolyzes S. aureus RBCS completely #17 Greening around organism partially nemolyzes RBCS S. typ himurium growth orgarige do o #21 No change in hemolyees RBCS S. epidermidis medium #23 organism homolyzes Clearing around B RBCs completely S. pyogenes growth QUESTIONS mota strehtolysin activity, is preferred over incubating the plates 3. pyogenes growth B BBCs completely QUESTIONS The streak-stab technique, used to promote streptolysin activity, is preferred over incubating the plates anaerobically. a. Why do you think this is so? b. Compare and contrast what you see as the advantages and disadvantages of each procedure, Assuming that all of the organisms cultivated in this exercise came from the throats of healthy students, why is it important to cover and tape the plates? anisms es nes ae Why is the streak plate preferred over the spot inoculations in this procedure? egmatis
The streak-stab technique, used to promote streptomycin activity, is preferred over incubating the plates anaerobically. The streak plate preferred over the spot inoculations in this procedure.
Strep-produced hemolysin performed best in the anaerobic environment. Streptomycin O (SLO) is oxygen labile and streptomycin S (SLS) is oxygen stable. Streptomycin breaks down blood cells more efficiently.
Streptolysin or streak stab is a hemolytic toxin produced by the bacterium Streptococcus. Streptococcus is a facultative anaerobic bacterium, which means that it can grow in the presence or absence of air. However, it grows best under micro anaerobic or 5% CO2 conditions.
Streptococci produce two types of streptomycin - streptolysins O and S. O is oxygen unstable (it does not tolerate oxygen), while S is oxygen stable.
O is also produced when organisms are actively growing or approaching the quiescent growth phase while S is produced during the resting phase. In order to detect streptomycin produced by an organism on an agar plate, the organism must be cultured under optimal conditions. The slit method reduces the oxygen content and thus provides the conditions for maximum growth of the organism.
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