Answer:
Top predators at the highest trophic levels eat lower-level predators and herbivores
Explanation:
A trophic level is defined as one group of organisms in the ecosystem occupying the same level in the food chain, which is composed of different levels (primary, secondary and higher levels). Top predators at the higher levels maintain the trophic balance by eating other species that eat on primary producers/consumers, thereby favoring the homeostasis of the ecosystem.
Biochemical and genetic experiments have demonstrated that the _________ of tRNA are important for recognition by its cognate aminotransferase-tRNA synthetase.
Answer: Acceptor stem and anticodon loop.
Explanation:
Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a small RNA nucleic acid involved in protein synthesis (translation). Each tRNA molecule has two important areas:
A region of trinucleotides, called the anticodon A region where a specific amino acid binds.During translation, the ribosome reads the sequence of the mRNA in groups of three bases to assemble the protein. So, in the mRNA chain there are codons, set of three bases, which determine the amino acid to be added to the peptide chain. The tRNA transfers the amino acid to the ribosomes, and then arranges them along the messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. Then, the tRNA must have an anticodon that is complementary to the codon. Each type of tRNA is specifically combined with 1 of the 20 amino acids to be incorporated into proteins.
This means, during translation, each time an amino acid is added to the growing chain, a tRNA molecule is formed whose base pairs have a complementary sequence with mRNA molecule, ensuring that the appropriate amino acid is inserted into the protein. So, tRNA is a key link between RNA transcription and the translation of that RNA into protein. On the other hand, aminotransferases are enzymes responsible for attaching amino acids to the 3ʹ‐end of cognate tRNAs.
The acceptor stem is the site of attachment of amino acids to tRNA, and anticodon loop is the site of tRNA that is complementary to the codons found in mRNA (that determine the amino acid that will be added) This means, both parts are important for recognition, because the acceptor stem is where the amino acid is, and the anticodon loop ensures that the appropriate amino acid is inserted into the protein.
Which is/are possible genotypes for a person with straight little finger and brown eyes?
a. bbrr
b. bbRR
c. BbRr
d. bbRr
Answer:
The correct answer is b. bbRR.
Explanation:
Brown eyes color is dominant over blue eyes color. So, we can assign the letter R to the dominant allele that expresses brown eyes and r to the recessive allele that expresses the blue eyes. The phenotype bent little finger is dominant over the phenotype straight little finger. We can assign the letter B to the dominant allele, and b to the recessive allele.a. bbrr : This genotype belongs to a person with blue eyes and straight little finger
b. bbRR : This genotype belongs to a person with brown eyes and straight little finger
c. BbRr : This genotype belongs to a person with brown eyes and bent little finger
d. bbRr: This genotype belongs to a person with brown eyes and straight little finger.
HEEELLLPPP PLSS!!! Compare and contrast open, closed, and isolated systems. Be sure to discuss the exchange of energy and exchange of matter, and provide at least one example of each.
Answer:
See the answer below
Explanation:
An open system is a type of thermodynamic system in which energy and matter are being exchanged between the system and the surrounding. It is like boiling soup in an open pot. The opening allows for the addition of materials (matters) into the soup and energy is exchanged through the heating. A good example is found in biological organisms. They consume matters and exchange energy with the environment by carrying out work.
A closed system is a type of system in which there is no exchange of matter between it and the environment. However, there is an exchange of energy. It is like boiling water in a closed pot. Nothing can be added into the pot due to the closure but energy can be transferred through the heating of the pot.
An isolated system allows for neither energy nor matter exchange with the surrounding. It is like a closed food warmer that allows for nothing to enter or leaves it.
Answer: Open systems are energy that can be transferred between the system and its surroundings. Close systems are systems that do not transferred to its surroundings. Isolated systems is a thermodynamic system which cannot exchange either energy or matter from outside its boundaries of the system.
Hope this helps:)
g Riboswitch is a mechanism of gene activity regulation by mRNA conformation. Riboswitch can regulate ______.
Answer: c. both transcription and translation
Explanation:
Riboswitchs are mRNA elements that influence the activity of genes certain genes by regulating same and are found in other organisms apart from humans such as bacteria, plants and fungi.
They regulate activity by binding to specific small molecules known as ligands thus causing a structural rearrangement that enables either transcription or translation to be modulated in the gene.
S100A8 sex chromosome? yes or no
Answer:
yes !!
Explanation:
because it's yes !!
Answer:
YES
Explanation:
I know this because i looked it up
if a person who is blood type O marries a person who is blood type A, what are the possible blood types their children could have
Answer:
The possible blood types their children could have are A or 0.
Explanation:
The I gene determines the blood type of a person. I is the dominant allele, while i is the recessive allele.
IA dominant over i. The person presents A type of antigens. IB dominant over i. The person presents B type of antigens. IA and IB are codominant. The person presents both types of antigens, A and B. i is the recessive allele. The person does not present any antigen.Cross: a person who is blood type O with a person who is blood type A
Parental) ii x IA-
Gametes) i i IA -
Punnet Square) IA -
i IAi -i
i IAi -i
The - symbol represents the possibility of either IA allele or i allele. This is, the parental with blood type A might have the genotype IAIA or IAi
F1) 2/4 = 1/2 IAi
2/4 = 1/2 -i (-i could be either IAi or ii, depending on the genotype of the parental with blood type A)
Option 1: ii x IAIAF1) 100% IAi (The whole progeny will have blood type A)
Option 2: ii x IAiF1) 50% IAi (Half of the progeny will have blood type A)
50% ii (Halfa of the progeny will have blood type 0)
The possible blood types their children could have are A or 0.
Which of the following is NOT a factor of sustainability?
Group of answer choices
economics
ethics
biodiversity
natural capital
solar energy
Answer:
natural capital
HOPE IT HELPS!
PLS MARK AS BRAINLIEST!!!
Vaccination is a process of injecting a dead or weakened form of a pathogen into the body. How does this help strengthen the immune system? It allows the body to increase its internal temperature. It allows the body to regulate the inflammatory response. It allows the body to keep pathogen information for future infections. It allows the body to increase its desire to eat healthy food.
Answer:
It allows the body to keep pathogen information for future infections.
Explanation:
Vaccination is the process whereby a substance called VACCINE is injected into body in order to prepare the immune system for resistance against infections. A vaccine contains the harmless or dead version of a pathogen called ANTIGEN, which functions to give the immune system defense mechanism against that form of pathogen in future.
The vaccine works by stimulating the immune system of the body to fight against the antigens in the same way it will fight against an actual pathogen in the future. Hence, the body keeps the information on how to combat such pathogens when there is an actual infection.
Answer
The answer is C edge 2020
Explanation:
Please answer ASAP, the assignments in due really soon :) 30 Points!!! The image below shows the lac operon, which breaks down lactose in bacteria. Which statement correctly describes the expression of this gene?
Answer:
B. Gene expression is influenced by high lactose levels in the environment.
Explanation:
The lactose operon (lac operon) functions for the metabolism and transport of lactose in several bacteria.
Gene expression is influenced by high lactose levels in the environment as genes are expressed in the presence of high level lactose and absence of glucose. High level lactose carry an activator protein called catabolite activator protein (CAP), which let the RNA polymerase do transcription of the operon.
Hence, the correct option is "B".
Answer:
C
Explanation:
^he said it was right^
have an amazing day! :)
The lactic acid generated in the body of a cricketer is first converted to glycogen in 1) Muscles 2) Liver 3) Blood 4) Both 2 and 3
Answer:
2) liver
Explanation:
the bloods transports the lactic acid to the liver to be converted into glycogen
Is zinc renewable or not?
Answer: Zinc is non renewable.
Explanation:
Non-Renewable resources are resources that cannot be replenished easily through natural process. These are the sources which are used in wise manner so that they do not get depleted. For example: coal, petroleum etc.
Renewable resources are resources that can be replenished overtime through natural process.These are the sources which never depletes completely. For example: bio mass energy, solar energy etc.
As zinc cannot be replenished easily through natural process, it is non renewable.
4. Unlike a scientific theory, a scientific law describes an observed pattern in nature without
attempting to explain it.
O true
Ofalse
Answer:
False
Any discovery must first be tested and have an explanation
Carbon first enters the food web in Multiple Choice humans. vertebrates. invertebrates. green plants. soil bacteria
Answer:
Green Plants
Explanation:
Carbon enters all food webs, both terrestrial and aquatic, through autotrophs, or self-feeders.
When brown iodine is exposed to starch it turns dark purple. In an experiment, you placed a cornstarch solution in a small plastic bag. Next, you placed the bag in a beaker of water containing 10 drops of iodine. If the solution in the plastic bag turned dark purple (Select all that apply)
a) the plastic bag was permeable to cornstarch.
b) the plastic bag was permeable to iodine.
c) the iodine moved into the plastic bag.
d) the cornstarch moved into the beaker.
e) the plastic bag was selectively permeable.
Answer:
b) the plastic bag was permeable to iodine
the plastic bag was selectively permeable
the iodine moved into the plastic bag.
the plastic bag was permeable to cornstarch.
Explanation:
The experimental set up represented the concept of osmosis.That is the movement of water molecules from the region of higher water potential to region of lower water potential through a semipermeable membrane(a cell membrane which only allows water and certain molecules to pass through,but restrain other molecules through its pores.
Generally potassium iodine test is the standard test for starch.
Therefore, in the question,water moves iodine molecules as iodine solution(from high water potential) to move across the paper bag(semi permeable membrane) to the reach the corn solution.(low water potential,high solute potential).This turns the starch in the corn solution blue-black/purple.
If the solution in the plastic bag turned dark purple:
the plastic bag was permeable to iodine. That is option (B)the iodine moved into the plastic bag. That is option (C)the plastic bag was selectively permeable. That is option (E)To test for the presence of starch in a solution, iodine solution is used. This gives a blue-black coloration which occurred due to the formation of a starch-iodine complex.
From the above experiment, the plastic bag which contains the corn starch solution, separates the solution from water containing 10 drops of iodine.
The turning of the solution, inside the plastic bag, into blue black signifies the formation of starch-iodine complex between the cornstarch solution the iodine water.
The reaction was able to occur because the plastic bag, which is selectively permeable to iodine, allowed the movement of iodine from the beaker of water into it. This is called diffusion.
Therefore, if the solution in the plastic bag turned dark purple it means that the plastic bag which is semi permeable allowed the movement of iodine into it.
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Where does cellular respiration get
the energy to make ATP? *
A. Chemical energy from sugars
B.Light energy from the Sun
C.Energy stored in the covalent bonds of
water molecules
D.Energy stored in the covalent bonds of
carbon dioxide molecules
Answer:
I believe A.
Explanation:
Cellular respiration gets energy to make ATP from the food you eat, so, A.
List three protozoan infections of the circulatory system that are transmitted by arthropods. Include the disease name, specific organism (genus species), vector that is the intermediate between hosts, and disease progress in humans.
Answer:
List three protozoan infections of the circulatory system that are transmitted by arthropods:
Malaria
Toxoplasmosis
Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)
Explanation:
Malaria is a prozotoan infection, that can be produced by several protozoan, in the genus Plasmodium. This Plasmodium infect red blood cells and the vector that trasmites it is the Anopheles mosquitoe. In this disease, red blood cells can have severe damage in different organs because of the hemolysis.
Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. The main vector of them are domestic cats. When cats are infected, T. gondii oocysts is found in their feces and it can spread to humans. This disease is generally asymptomatic, except when the patient has AIDS or in pregnancy, which can be very dangerous and fatal.
Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis is caused by protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi and is generally transmitted to people thanks to the feces of triatomine bugs. Some of the acute symptoms include fever, vomiting, headache, and in severe cases people can develop a chronic disease. In the worst cases it can produce flaccid cardiomegaly (enlargement of the heart) leading to heart failure and death.
who is the father of Genetic
Answer:
hey there
Explanation: answer is gregor mendal is the father of genetic in 19th century.
Answer:
Gregor Johann Mendel
Which of the following accurately describes this element?
Answer:
Answer Expert Verified
The correct statements are: - Elements are made up of only one type of atom. - Each element has a unique chemical symbol. - Elements can be identified by their atomic number.
The ion composition of perilymph is like that of interstitial fluid; high sodium and low potassium levels. If someone ruptured the vestibular membrane, the membrane between the vestibular duct (Scala vestibuli) and the cochlear duct (Scala media), what would be the effect of such a rupture on the concentration of potassium in the endolymph in the cochlear duct
Answer:
The concentration of potassium will decrease
Explanation:
The cochlear ducts are composed of two distict types of fluids: 1-perilymph, rich in sodium (140 mM) and low in potassium (5 mM), and 2- endolymph, rich in potassium (1 mM) and low in sodium (150 mM). The perilymph fluid has a similar composition to the rest of the extracellular fluids, while endolymph present a unique ion composition that is not found in other fluids of the body. It is believed that the cochlea can regulate potassium flow without using energy (i.e., without use ATP), since potassium enters into the cells through passive pathways, while this ion ion leaves the cells by an active mechanism.
Which enzyme is used in gluconeogenesis, but NOT in glycolysis? Group of answer choices PEP carboxykinase enolase (interconverts 2-phosphoglycerate and phosphoenolpyruvate)
Answer:
PEP carboxykinase
Explanation:
PEP carboxykinase is also known as Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. It is an enzyme which is used for the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate carbon substrates. This enzyme is used only in gluconeogenesis not in glycolysis because this enzyme helps in the production of glucose while glycolysis is a process in which the glucose break down into pyruvate and ATP molecules.
The force of a muscle contraction is higher when the muscle is stimulated every 0.5 secs than when stimulated with the same voltage every 0.05 seconds.
a. True
b. False
Answer:
b. False
Explanation:
Increasing the frequency of muscle stimulation causes wave summation to occur, which causes an overlap of muscle twitch. When this muscle summation happens, the force generated in the muscle increases. This means that stimulating the muscle every 0.5 seconds will generate less muscle contraction force than when stimulated every 0.05 seconds
According to kirk smith a professor of environmental health at the university of california berkley indoor fires increase risks of pneumonia tuberculosis lung cancer and low birth weight in babies born of women expose during pregnancy. What simple solution is being widely promoted to reduce the risk of death?
a) preparing meals using solar cookers.
b) switching from wood to burning crop waste as a fuel source.
c) adding more windows to houses as a source of ventilation.
d) passing a green tax to make homeowners pay for their pollution.
e) providing asthma inhalers to children under the age of 12 years.
Answer:
preparing meals using solar cookers.
Explanation:
solar cookers radiates at low rates.Therefore the most of the nutrients in the foods are conserved.Thus most micro nutrients for biochemical activities are retained. Vitamins which can not withstand high temperature are preserved.
Most importantly carcinogens which are usually associated with high heat foods are avoided ,when cook with low heat of solar cookers
The solar cooker is smoke free,therefore irritation of the lungs,lung cancer associated with high heat cookers is avoided.
Specifically,local Mayan women exposed to high heat smoke cookers, suffers lung cancer,and those with pregnancy gives to infants with low birth weights. Children exposed to theses high heat also experienced acute lower respiratory infections.
Thus the smokeless,low heat solar cooker is safer.
A response to an unconditioned stimulus that occurs naturally without learning is known as a(n) __________ response.
A. neutral
B. conditioned
C. reconditioned
D. unconditioned
Answer:
it is going o be B. conditioned
Answer:
D
Explanation:
edge
Select the scenarios that describe an abiotic factor that is density independent. Select the TWO answers that are correct.
a. Fir trees grow in number, increasing the amount of food available for moose
b. Heavy and continuous rains flood the land, submerging habitats.
c. Lightning strikes a tree and begins a fire that clears the land.
d. Ticks infesting moose weaken the moose's health and reproductive success.
e. Frigid temperatures flow into the area, causing hypothermia and death.
Answer: Option B and C.
Heavy and continuous rains flood the land, submerging habitats.
c. Lightning strikes a tree and begins a fire that clears the land.
Explanation:
Heavy and continuous rains flood the land, submerging habitats.
Lightning strikes a tree and begins a fire that clears the land.
The above are example of density independent abiotic factors because rainfall and lightning affect the population size of the environment by decreasing it's population sizes.
Abiotic factors are the non living part of the environment and they include rain fail, temperature,lightning, humidity e.t.c.
Density independent abiotic factors are factors that decrease or increase the population size of the ecosystem.
Therefore, Heavy and continuous rains flood the land, submerging habitats.
cLightning strikes a tree and begins a fire that clears the land are density independent factor because they decrease the population size.
The scenarios that describe an abiotic factor that is density independent are ; ( B and C )
Heavy and continuous rains flood the land, submerging habitats ( B )Lightning strikes a tree and begins a fire that clears the land ( C )Abiotic factors are Nonliving components of an ecosystem that has a significant effect on the ecosystem such as ; Rain, rocks, Temperature and humidity. Density Independent factors are factors in an ecosystem that can cause the decrease or increase of the population size of an ecosystem.
Heavy and continuous rainfall is an abiotic factor that has the ability to decrease the population of an ecosystem by submerging organisms habitats.
Lightning striking a tree and setting it ablaze which clears the land also reduces the population of the ecosystem because the fire will lead to loss of habitats and death of some organisms .
Hence we can conclude that The scenarios that describe an abiotic factor that is density independent are Heavy and continuous rains flood the land, submerging habitats and Lightning strikes a tree and begins a fire that clears the land .
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Mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes typically Mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes typically encode some of the proteins needed for aerobic respiration and photosynthesis, respectively, as well as ribosomal and transfer RNA. encode for ribosomal and transfer RNAs. encode all of the proteins needed for aerobic respiration and photosynthesis, respectively. encode some of the proteins needed for aerobic respiration and photosynthesis, respectively. are composed of primarily noncoding DNA.
Answer:
The correct answer is "encode some of the proteins needed for aerobic respiration and photosynthesis, respectively, as well as ribosomal and transfer RNA".
Explanation:
Most organisms have a mitochondrial or a chloroplast genome in addition to the main genomic sequence located in the cell nucleus. The genes that are located in these organelles' genome include the genes that are used directly in the mitochondrion or chloroplast , including: proteins needed for aerobic respiration and photosynthesis (for instance genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation), respectively, as well as ribosomal and transfer RNA, which serve to the translation of proteins.
In humans, insulin is manufactured in the pancreas, insulin is a peptide hormone that causes the body’s cells to take up glucose. The blueprint for the polypeptide chain that is insulin is found in the — of specialized pancreatic cells.
Answer:
In type 1 diabetes the immune system erroneously attacks the beta cells that produce insulin in your pancreas. It causes permanent damage, leaving your pancreas unable to produce insulin. Exactly what triggers the immune system to do that isn't clear. Genetic and environmental factors may play a role.
Explanation:
Nucleic acids
Composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen and phosphorous.
DNA
The universal code that stores genetic information in all organisms
Semi
conservative-Bases in original strand split and new nucleotides complementary base pair to form two new strands
Mutations
Any change to the DNA sequence
Gene mutation
Permanent change in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene.
Transcription
The process of copying a nucleotide sequence of DNA to form a complementary strand of mRNA
Translation
Process by which mRNA is decoded and proteins are made.
Codon
Three nucleotide bases
tRNA
Reads the codon on the mRNA using anticodons and the complimentary base pair rules and delivers the amino acids
What would be the replicated DNA strand for the following DNA sequence?...GCGTATG
CGCATATC
What would be the mRNA and tRNA be for the following DNA sequence?...AGGTTA
mRNA...UCCAAU. tRNA...AGGUUA.
The process of converting the genetic message from DNA into ____ is called transcription.
mRNA
How many amino acids are in the human body and what do we call the bond that holds them together?
20; Peptide bond
A single strand of DNA contains the following nine nucleotides in order ACTTATGGA. What sequence of bases will be present on the complementary strand of DNA?
TGAATACCT
In humans, insulin is manufactured in the pancreas. Insulin is a peptide hormone that causes the body's cells to take up glucose. The blueprint for the polypeptide chain that is insulin is found in the __________ of specialized pancreatic cells.
DNA
Given the sequence of DNA nucleotide bases TTAGCCTTG, give the complementary mRNA produced during transcription.
AATCGGAAC
Identify the correct sequence of molecules, as a gene goes from coded information in the nucleus, to the product the cell wants to make.
DNA...messenger RNA...transfer RNA...Protein
Why is DNA replication considered semiconservative?
Each half of the old DNA strand serves as a template for the new growing strand causing the copied DNA to half new and half old.
If a person had not drunk any water for 8 hours before collecting a sample, would you expect his/her urine to have a high or low specific gravity? Why?
Answer:
The person’s urine will have a high specific gravity
Explanation:
A high specific gravity is characterized by an increased concentration of solutes in the urine of am individual. A low specific gravity is characterized by a low or decreased concentration of the solutes.This is usually due to dehydration as a result of environmental conditions or tedious physical activities.
This explains why a person who had not drank any water for 8 hours and is dehydrated before collecting a sample is thought to have a urine with a high specific gravity
Which structures are highlighted? Which structures are highlighted? pulmonary arterioles alveoli bronchioles pulmonary capillaries
Hello. You forgot to put the image that complements this question. The image is attached below:
Answer:
pulmonary arterioles
Explanation:
Pulmonary arterioles are small blood vessels located in the lung. They appear as branches of the major arteries and have the main function of releasing blood from capillaries, in addition to regulating blood flow and peripheral blood pressure in capillaries.
It is important to note that arterioles are very small in size, which facilitates their functions to be performed efficiently and quickly.
Outside the lining of the alveolus is blood, which is at a gauge pressure of 5 mmHg, while air is contained inside the alveolus. What is the absolute pressure inside the alveolus
Answer:
765 mmHg
Explanation:
The gauge pressure = 5 mmHg
To get the absolute pressure we use the relationship
[tex]P_{ab}= P_{g}+ P_{atm}[/tex]
where [tex]P_{ab}[/tex] is the absolute pressure = ?
[tex]P_{g}[/tex] is the gauge pressure = 5 mmHg
[tex]P_{atm}[/tex] = atmospheric pressure = 760 mmHg
substituting, we have
[tex]P_{ab}[/tex] = 5 mmHg + 760 mmHg = 765 mmHg
Saprobic microorganisms are important decomposers of plant litter, animal matter, and dead microbes. This is an example of a(n) ______________.
Answer:
The correct answer would be - heterotrophs (chemoheterotrophs)
Explanation:
Heterotrophs are the living organisms that are directly or indirectly depend on the autotrophs or the organisms that can make their own food for energy and growth.
Saprobic microorganism are free living organisms that get their energy from decomposing rotten or dead organic matter such as plant litter, animal matter and dead microbes. It is performed with the help of enzymes or chemicals they release to decompose such matter. they also known as chemoheterotrophs.
Thus, the correct answer would be - heterotrophs (chemoheterotrophs).
