BRONZE
1. Suggest a suitable training
zone for a 25-year-old javelin
thrower.
2. Suggest a suitable training
zone for a 25-year-old
marathon runner.
SILVER
3. Apart from the difference
in heart rates, what other
differences would there be
in the training schedules of
the javelin thrower and the
marathon runner? Why?
Answers
1.) For 25-year-old javelin thrower, suitable training zone would be between 80-90% of their maximum heart rate (MHR) ; 2.) For 25-year-old marathon runner, suitable training zone would be between 60-70% of their MHR ; 3. Javelin thrower would focus on explosive power, speed and anaerobic endurance whereas marathon runner would focus more on aerobic endurance.
What differences would there be in training schedules of javelin thrower and marathon runner?2.) For 25-year-old marathon runner, suitable training zone would be between 60-70% of MHR and this training zone is considered low-intensity and helps improve aerobic endurance, cardiovascular fitness, and also muscular endurance.
3.) Apart from difference in heart rates, there are several other differences in training schedules of javelin thrower and marathon runner. Javelin thrower focuses more on explosive power, speed and anaerobic endurance whereas marathon runner focuses more on aerobic endurance, cardiovascular fitness and muscular endurance. Javelin thrower require more skill-specific training like throwing technique whereas marathon runner requires more distance-specific training like long-distance runs.
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Related Questions
Protein Quality of Foods Click and drag to indicate whether the following foods provide high-quality (complete) or lower quality (incomplete) protein High-Quality (Complete) Protein Lower-Quality (Incomplete) Protein GELATIN Gelatin Whey (mik protein) Garbanro bean
Answers
High-Quality (Complete) (Complete) Protein: Low-Quality Whey (milk protein) (Incomplete) gelatin with garbanzo beans for protein
What types of food include incomplete proteins?The majority of plant-based foods, such as nuts, seeds, beans, legumes, whole grains, tofu, rice, and vegetables, are incomplete protein sources. A complete protein can be created by combining incomplete proteins at meals or throughout the day.
What kind of sources of protein are complete and incomplete?All animal-based foods, including meat, dairy, and eggs, include complete protein, according to Harvard Health Publications. Most plant-based protein sources, including whole grains, legumes, seeds, nuts, spinach, broccoli, and mushrooms, are deficient in certain essential amino acids.
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When there is a genotype that consists of a dominant and a recessive allele, the phenotype generally looks like the dominant one.
Answers
Yes, when there is a genotype consisting of a dominant and a recessive allele, the phenotype is generally the same as the dominant allele.
This is because the dominant allele has a greater effect on the phenotype than the recessive allele, and it is the trait that is expressed when both alleles are present. For example, if the genotype is heterozygous for the trait of eye color, the phenotype will usually look like the dominant eye color (e.g. blue) rather than the recessive one (e.g. brown). This is because the dominant allele is what is expressed when the two alleles are present in the same genotype. In some cases, however, both alleles can be expressed, resulting in a blended phenotype. In conclusion, when there is a genotype that consists of a dominant and a recessive allele, the phenotype generally looks like the dominant one.
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the cat, felis domestica, has a diploid number of 38 chromosomes in its somatics cell. consisting of 19 homologous pairs ( that is 19 maternal and 19 paternal chromosomes). a student stated that only one fourth of the gametes produced by meiosis in this animal will have all of its chromosomes from either maternal or paternal origin. explain wether you think the student is right or wrong
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The student is incorrect. During meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair up and can undergo crossing over, where genetic material can be exchanged between maternal and paternal chromosomes. This results in the formation of genetically unique haploid cells (gametes) with a combination of chromosomes from both maternal and paternal origin.
In the case of a diploid organism with 19 homologous pairs, the total possible combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes in the gametes is 2^19, or approximately 524,000. This means that there are a large number of possible combinations of chromosomes that can end up in a gamete, making it unlikely for all of the chromosomes in a gamete to come from either maternal or paternal origin.
Therefore, the correct statement is that only a small fraction of the gametes produced by meiosis in this animal will have all of its chromosomes from either maternal or paternal origin, while the majority of the gametes will have a combination of chromosomes from both maternal and paternal origin.
Which of the following observations contributes to the explanation of why coat color in these horses is considered an example of incomplete dominance?
Coat color shows three possible phenotypes.
The phenotype of the heterozygote is an intermediate of the phenotypes of the two heterozygotes.
Answers
The observation that the phenotype of the heterozygote is an intermediate of the phenotypes of the two heterozygotes contributes to the explanation of why coat color in these horses is considered an example of incomplete dominance.
Incomplete dominance is when the offspring's phenotype is a combination of the phenotypes of both parents. Incomplete dominance occurs when the dominant allele doesn't completely mask the recessive allele in the heterozygous phenotype of the offspring.
The resulting phenotype has a blend of both alleles. Neither of the two genes dominates the other. Instead, they blend together to create an intermediate phenotype. In horses, coat color shows three possible phenotypes, which are red (RR), white (WW), and roan (RW).
When two homozygous parents, one with the red coat and the other with the white coat, breed, they produce heterozygous offspring with the genotype RW, which exhibits a roan coat color that is neither red nor white.
Therefore, the phenotype of the heterozygote is an intermediate of the phenotypes of the two homozygotes, which is why coat color in these horses is considered an example of incomplete dominance.
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The rate of photosynthesis in an aquatic plant can be determined by the number of bubbles released from the plant. These bubbles ________.are hydrogen released when water is splitare mostly carbon dioxide released when sugars are metabolizedare water released when sugars are metabolizedare oxygen released when water is split
Answers
Option D, The number of bubbles emitted by an aquatic plant can be used to estimate its rate of photosynthesis. As water is split, oxygen is released, causing these bubbles.
The oxygen produced as a consequence of the breaking of water molecules makes up the majority of the bubbles that are generated by an aquatic plant during photosynthesis.
During the process of photosynthesis, chlorophyll pigments in the plant's cells absorb light, which sets off a sequence of chemical processes that ultimately lead to the production of energy and the reduction of carbon dioxide to sugars.
This splits the water molecules into electrons, protons, and oxygen gas, which is then released as bubbles into the surrounding water.
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The question is -
The rate of photosynthesis in an aquatic plant can be determined by the number of bubbles released from the plant. These bubbles ________.
a. are hydrogen released when water is split.
b. are mostly carbon dioxide released when sugars are metabolized.
c. are water released when sugars are metabolized.
d. are oxygen released when water is split.
5.3.c contrast euchromatin and heterochromatin in terms of structure, gene activity, and location along an interphase chromosome.
Answers
Contrast euchromatin and heterochromatin in terms of structure is euchromatin and heterochromatin are in their structures, gene activity, and location along the interphase chromosome.
The DNA of a cell is packed into chromatin fibers, which exist in two forms: euchromatin and heterochromatin. They differ in terms of structure, gene activity, and location along an interphase chromosome. Structure: Euchromatin fibers are thin and uncondensed, while heterochromatin fibers are thick and condensed. Gene Activity: The majority of genes are found in euchromatin, which is actively transcribed. Heterochromatin has fewer genes and is generally transcriptionally silent. Location Along an Interphase Chromosome. Thus, in general, euchromatin is more readily accessible to transcriptional machinery than heterochromatin.To learn more about Euchromatin :
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If the temperature of the skin is too low or too high this information is conveyed to an area of the brain called the
A. cerebellum.
B. hypothalamus.
C. cerebrum.
D. medulla oblongata.
E. spinal cord.
Answers
If the temperature of the skin is too low or too high, this information is conveyed to an area of the brain called the hypothalamus. Therefore the correct option is option B.
The hypothalamus is a small part of the brain that performs a variety of critical functions. The hypothalamus is found in the brain's basal region, at the bottom of the third ventricle. It is situated between the optic nerves and above the pituitary gland.
The hypothalamus is the body's regulatory centre. The hypothalamus is responsible for: Body temperature control Hunger regulation Thirst regulation Water and salt balance The release of hormones The control of emotional behaviour.The hypothalamus, in addition to these roles, controls the pituitary gland's function.
The hypothalamus sends information to the pituitary gland, which then transmits signals to other endocrine organs. The hypothalamus is also involved in the control of the autonomic nervous system. Therefore the correct option is option B.
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Which of the following events is an important part of the engineering design process?
A.
testing and evaluating models
B.
evaluating design constraints
C.
designing and building models
D.
all of these
PLS QUICKLY ANSWER
Answers
D. all of these are important parts of the engineering design process. Testing and evaluating models, evaluating design constraints, and designing and building models are all key steps in the iterative process of engineering design.
What is an engineering?
Engineering is a field of study and practice that involves the application of scientific and mathematical principles to design, develop, build, and maintain structures, machines, systems, processes, and materials that solve practical problems and improve our lives. Engineers use creativity, critical thinking, and technical knowledge to address challenges related to a wide range of industries.
What is desigh constraints?
Design constraints are the limitations, requirements, or conditions that must be taken into account when creating a design solution. They may be imposed by various factors, such as the project's scope, budget, timeline, regulatory requirements, safety standards, environmental concerns, user needs, or technological limitations.
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which of the following molecules is a nucleotide precursor that is incorporated into the newly synthesized dna strand during normal dna replication?
Answers
During DNA replication, the nucleotides that make up the newly synthesized DNA strand are derived from deoxynucleotide triphosphates, which consist of a deoxyribose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and three phosphate groups. The correct answer is (d) Deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP).
One of these nucleotides is deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP), which pairs with deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP) through hydrogen bonds to form the base pairs that hold the two strands of DNA together. Ribose is the sugar component found in RNA, but it is not a precursor for DNA synthesis. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an important energy molecule in the cell, but it is not incorporated into DNA during replication.
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Full Question ;
"Which of the following molecules is a nucleotide precursor that is incorporated into the newly synthesized DNA strand during normal DNA replication: (a) Deoxyribose, (b) Ribose, (c) Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), or (d) Deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP)?"
select the options that indicate when you know that you have increased the microscope's magnification enough.
Answers
The field of view shrinks, the depth of the field gets shallower, the resolution gets better, and the image gets bigger when you have sufficiently magnified the microscope.
What happens when a microscope's magnification is increased?The object appears bigger when a magnified more. The Resolution: improves the object's or image's clarity.
Your field of view also expands as the magnification increases.Field of vision and magnification are inversely related. This implies that while one increases, the other declines (decreases). As a result, the field of vision would be reduced with an increase in magnification, such as when utilising more powerful objective lenses.
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Question:
What are the indicators that you have increased the microscope's magnification enough?
A. The field of view becomes smaller
B. The image becomes dimmer
C. The depth of field becomes shallower
D. The resolution improves
E. The image becomes larger
Please select all that apply.
Provide a definition and example for each of the following disorders.
General Anxiety disorder
Panic Disorder
Social Phobia
Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
Post-traumatic disorder
major depression disorder
bipolar disorder
antisocial personality disorder
Answers
Examples of the disorders are:
General Anxiety disorder - A person who constantly worries about work, family, health, finances, and other issues without any specific trigger.Panic Disorder - A person who experiences unexpected panic attacks and becomes preoccupied with the fear of having another one.Social Phobia - A person who avoids social gatherings, public speaking, or any situation where they might be evaluated or judged by others.Obsessive-compulsive Disorder - A person who constantly checks if doors are locked or appliances are turned off.Post-traumatic disorder - A person who experiences recurring nightmares and flashbacks of a car accident.major depression disorder - A person who experiences prolonged periods of sadness and feels helpless, irritable, and unmotivated.bipolar disorder - A person who experience intense euphoria, grandiosity, and impulsivity to deep depression and hopelessness.antisocial personality disorder - A person who is manipulative and shows no regard for the safety or well-being of others.What are the meanings of these disorder?General Anxiety Disorder: A disorder characterized by excessive and persistent worry or anxiety about a variety of events or activities.
Panic Disorder: A type of anxiety disorder marked by sudden and repeated episodes of intense fear and physical symptoms, often including a pounding heartbeat, shortness of breath, chest pain, dizziness, and a feeling of losing control.
Social Phobia: A disorder marked by excessive and persistent fear of social situations where the person may be exposed to scrutiny or embarrassment.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A disorder marked by repetitive, unwanted, and intrusive thoughts, feelings, or images (obsessions) that lead to repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) in order to reduce anxiety or prevent harm.
Post-Traumatic Disorder: A disorder that develops after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event such as a natural disaster, serious accident, physical or sexual assault, or combat. Symptoms may include intrusive memories, flashbacks, avoidance of triggers, negative changes in mood and cognition, and increased arousal and reactivity.
Major Depression Disorder: A disorder marked by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, worthlessness, and loss of interest in daily activities, often accompanied by physical symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disturbances, and changes in appetite.
Bipolar Disorder: A disorder characterized by cycles of extreme highs (mania) and lows (depression) in mood, energy, and behavior.
Antisocial Personality Disorder: A disorder characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others, often involving behaviors such as lying, stealing, aggression, and lack of empathy or remorse. Example:
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which of the following is least likely to help a virus avoid triggering an adaptive immune response?
Answers
Answer:
Synthesizing protein similar to other viruses would not help the virus avoid activating the adaptive immune response. The MHC molecules of the cells recognize the other protein molecules. It triggers the adaptive immune system.
3. Use the diagram and information to answer questions below the figure.
You may use the amino acid table at beginning of exam to look up the 3 letter amino acid abbreciation and structure.
You have discovered a new enzyme that you name Pac-Manase that breaks down Pac-dot substrates (see figure below). You determine that the following potential interactions may occur between amino acids (3 letter abbreviation in red) in the enzyme's active site and its substrate (in yellow in figure below). At each site between the chemical group (in green) on the substrate and the closest side chain of an amino acid (in red) on the enzyme (in the gray circles), Pac-Manase, determine if a favorable interaction is likely to take place.
For each amino acid and substrate functional group pair, decide if a favorable interaction is likely take place and if so state the name for the strongest interaction/bond that may occur. For all cases where a potential interaction seems unfavorable, explain why.
A. GLN
B. ASP
C. ILE
D. LYS
E. ARG
Answers
The interactions that take place between each amino acid and substrate functional group pair play important roles in determining the structure and function of the enzyme Pac-Manase.
What interaction takes place between each amino acid and substrate functional group pair?Several interactions take place between each amino acid and substrate functional group pair of the enzyme Pac-Manase.
These interactions are described below:
GLN and -OH: GLN contains a side chain with a carboxamide group (-CONH2), which can form hydrogen bonds with a hydroxyl group (-OH). This interaction is called a hydrogen bond.ASP and -NH2: ASP contains a negatively charged side chain, while -NH2 represents a positively charged amino group. The oppositely charged groups can attract each other, forming an ionic bond.ILE and -CH3: ILE contains a side chain with a methyl group (-CH3), which can interact with other methyl groups through van der Waals forces. This interaction is called hydrophobic interaction.LYS and -NH2: LYS contains a positively charged side chain, while -NH2 represents a positively charged amino group. The two positively charged groups can repel each other, but they can also form a salt bridge, which is a strong ionic interaction between oppositely charged groups.ARG and -COOH: ARG contains a positively charged side chain, while -COOH represents a negatively charged carboxyl group. The oppositely charged groups can attract each other, forming a salt bridge.Learn more about amino acids at: https://brainly.com/question/14351754
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In the human physiology lab you could measure the physiological activity of all of the following EXCEPT: Select one: a. Muscles b. Heart c. Lungs d. Liver.
Answers
In the human physiology lab you could measure the physiological activity of all the following except Heart.
Muscle activity can be measured using methods like electromyography (EMG), which records the electrical activity of muscle fibers. This can be used to evaluate the effects of training or rehabilitation programs, as well as to assess muscle function and identify neuromuscular disorders.
Lung activity can be measured using methods like spirometry, which measures the volume and flow of air in and out of the lungs. This can be used to evaluate lung function, identify respiratory disorders.
Liver activity can be evaluated using blood tests that assess liver function, such as measurements of liver enzymes, bilirubin, and other liver health markers.
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enzymes with their highest activity at an alkaline (basic) ph are represented by which of the following graphs?
Answers
mark brainliest please
1. Most medicines are derived from plants. For example a natural compound can undergo a
minor chemical modification to give a currently used drug. Give an illustrated diagram to prove
the above statement (10 marks)
Answers
Chemical modification is a critical step in the drug discovery process, allowing scientists to develop new drugs or improve the efficacy and safety of existing drugs.
What is a chemical modification to produce useful drugs?Chemical modification is the process of altering the chemical structure of a molecule to create new compounds with improved properties, such as increased potency, better solubility, or reduced toxicity. In drug discovery, chemical modification is used to develop new drugs or to improve the efficacy and safety of existing drugs.
Some common types of chemical modifications used in drug discovery include:
Derivatization: This involves adding functional groups to a molecule to alter its properties, such as solubility, stability, or potency.Prodrug synthesis: This involves modifying a drug molecule to make it more stable or less toxic, so it can be administered in a less active form, and then be metabolized in the body to release the active drug.Bioisosteric replacement: This involves replacing a portion of a molecule with a structurally similar group to improve its pharmacological properties.Fragment-based drug design: This involves using small molecular fragments to build larger drug molecules, by modifying and linking them together in a specific way.Learn more about drug discovery at: https://brainly.com/question/14330435
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look at picture for guidance need help asap 30 points! (troll I will report you and surely get you banned)
Answers
Answer:
this should be it
Explanation:
FILL IN THE BLANK. When the genetic material is in a loosely coiled form, _____ is able to direct the production of proteins through _____.
Answers
DNA; transcription. When DNA is able to control the transcription of cellular proteins during interphase. Each cell's nucleus contains chromosomes, which are structures that resemble threads and contain the DNA molecule.
Each chromosome is constructed from DNA that has been tightly wound around proteins called histones numerous times to support its structure. Chromatin, the term for the loosely wound-up DNA at this phase, is present. A cell spends the majority of its time, known as interphase, developing, duplicating its chromosomes, and preparing to divide. During the interphase, the cell engages in the usual processes as it gets ready to divide.
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Select all these that are DNA sequences required for the replication and segregation of eukaryotic chromosomes
(A) Telomeres at ends of chromosomes
(B) Centromeres
(C) Promoters at the starts of genes
(D) Exons in the genes
(E) Origins of replication
(F) Introns in the genes
Answers
Select all the DNA sequences required for the replication and segregation of eukaryotic chromosomes. The following DNA sequences are required for the replication and segregation of eukaryotic chromosomes: Telomeres at the ends of chromosomes, Centromeres Origins of replication.
The initiation of DNA replication begins at specific sites on the chromosomes known as the origins of replication. Origin recognition complexes (ORC) are multisubunit protein complexes that bind to specific sites on chromosomes and recruit other proteins to form a pre-replication complex (pre-RC). The pre-RC assembles and activates DNA helicases, which separate the two strands of DNA at the origin of replication, forming a replication fork. The DNA polymerase complex binds to the replication fork, synthesizes new strands of DNA in the 5' to 3' direction, and discontinuously elongates the strands. The synthesis of the two strands of DNA continues until they meet at another specific site on the chromosome. The formation of two new DNA molecules is then complete. The telomeres are protective structures at the ends of chromosomes. Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences, composed of TTAGGG repeats, which form a cap-like structure at the ends of chromosomes.
They protect the chromosome ends from being degraded or fused with other chromosomes. Centromeres are the constricted regions of chromosomes that attach to spindle fibers during cell division. They are essential for the correct separation of chromosomes during cell division. The origin of replication is a specific site on the chromosome where DNA replication begins. The origins of replication occur at specific sites on chromosomes, and the initiation of replication is tightly regulated.
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identify the letter that indicates the organ that directs sperm towards the seminal vesicles during ejavulation
Answers
The letter that indicates the organ that directs sperm towards the seminal vesicles during ejaculation is D.
Ejaculation occurs during orgasm, which is when the intense physical and emotional sensations.
During ejaculation, the vas deferens, which is a tube that carries sperm from the testicles to the urethra, contracts and propels the sperm towards the prostate gland.
The prostate gland then adds a fluid to the semen to nourish and protect the sperm. Finally, the semen is propelled out of the body through the urethra during ejaculation.
The prostate gland (D) is the organ that directs sperm towards the seminal vesicles during ejaculation.
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using the chart below, explain which organism is most closely related to the human and why? which is most distantly related and why?
Answers
You can see from the chart below that the first species is in the animal kingdom while the other three are in the plant world. Just below the level of domains, the kingdom is a very high degree of categorization.
As a result, creatures from various kingdoms have relatively little in common. Sponge species are our most distant cousins according to the conventional animal tree of life. Like our non-animal ancestors (such as fungi), sponges are structurally basic creatures that lack many sophisticated animal characteristics including a nervous system, muscles, and a through-gut.
The gorillas, chimpanzees, and orangutans are the big apes that resemble humans the most physically. Yet, DNA testing has revealed that the chimpanzees are our closest living cousins; 95% of our DNA is the same.
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Correct Question:
Using the chart below, explain which organism is most closely related to the human and why? which is most distantly related and why?
The Localistic Model of brain function was first hypothesized by Earnest Aubertin. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true regarding this model?
[mark all correct answers]
a.
The Localistic Model states that a particular region of the brain is dedicated to a specific task.
b.
The Localistic Model has been thoroughly discredited by science.
c.
It is also known as the Distributed Model, popularized by Pierre Gratiolet.
d.
Science supports many aspects of the Localistic Model. However this model does not entirely explain how the brain works.
e.
The Localistic Model explains that different regions work together to accomplish various different functions.
Answers
According to the Localistic Model, a specific area of the brain is saved for a clear activity. Numerous facets of the Localistic Model are backed by science. Yet, the brain's workings are not fully defined by this model. The correct answer is (A, D).
The study of the nervous system and the brain is referred to as "neuroscience," while the study of how the nervous system influences behavior is referred to as "biological psychology."
Signals are sent from the brain to the rest of the body, including internal organs, by the nervous system. The activity of the nervous system controls the ability to move, breathe, see, and think, among other things.
The scientific study of the nervous system—the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system—and how it works is known as neuroscience.
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What is the correct answer ???
Answers
Answer:
The answer is corn
Identify a true statement about waves and their movement in the ocean.
O Waves help transport water to different locations.
O When under a wave trough, the water moves up and forward.
O When under a wave crest, water moves down and back.
O Waves carry energy across the sea surface.
Answers
"Waves carry energy across the sea surface."
Explanation:
This is a fundamental characteristic of waves and their behavior in the ocean. As waves travel through the ocean, they transfer energy from one location to another, causing the water to move in a circular motion without transporting water itself. The movement of water associated with waves occurs in a vertical and circular motion, with water particles moving up and down in the vicinity of the wave, but not being transported forward or backward over large distances.
How does water flow?
Answers
Is it advisable to switch Microscope on while looking through the eyepiece
Answers
________ behaviors are those that organisms acquire through _____
Innate behavior is ________ and is sometimes called instinct.
Many behavioral adaptations allow animals to________ to changes in their environment.
Some behaviors are associated with changes in the seasons such as when animals ________ or go ________.
Plants respond to ________, gravity and touch.
Plant leaning toward or away from the light is called ________.
Answers
The behaviors that creatures learn through experience or observation are known as learned behaviors.
Innate behavior, often known as instinct, is genetically preprogrammed.
Animals can adjust to changes in their environment thanks to a variety of behavioral adaptations.
Certain activities, like when animals migrate or hibernate, are connected to seasonal variations.
Light, gravity, and touch all affect how plants react. Phototropism is the term for a plant's tilt toward or away from the light.
BehaviorsThe aforementioned statement gives a general summary of the various types of behaviors that organisms display. The two basic categories of behavior are innate and learned. An organism has innate tendencies from birth due to genetic programming. These instinctive, stereotyped responses to stimuli are often known as instincts. For instance, certain bird species' intrinsic ma ting dances are triggered by particular environmental stimuli.On the other hand, learned behaviors are those that organisms pick up through experience or observation. They can differ between people and populations because they are not genetically predetermined. Animals can learn activities such as foraging, social interaction, and hunting. Language and culture are learned habits as well.learn more about environmental stimuli here
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4. Using a series of arrows, draw the branched metabolic reaction pathway described by the following statements, and use the diagram to answer the questions.
Pyruvate can be converted to either Oxaloacetate or ActeylCoA.
AcetylCoA can be converted to Citrate.
Citrate can be converted to Ketoglutarate
Ketoglutarate can be converted to Glutamate or Succinate.
Glutamate can be converted to Glutamine.
Succinate can be converted to Fumarate.
The enzyme that converts Succinate to Fumarate requires Mg++
Glutamine is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme that catalyzes reaction of Ketoglutarate to Glutamate.
Fumarate is a noncompetitive inhibitor of the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of Pyruvate to AcetylCoA.
Explain the function of Mg++
When the concentration of fumarate is very high, explain what happens to the concentrations of Glutamine and Oxaloacetate?
Is this an example of feedback inhibition or allosteric regulation? Explain your answer. What other information might be needed to make a better answer?
Answers
When the concentration of fumarate is very high, it can act as a noncompetitive inhibitor of the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of Pyruvate to AcetylCoA. This means that the rate of this reaction will decrease, leading to a decrease in the concentration of AcetylCoA. Since AcetylCoA is a precursor for both Citrate and Ketoglutarate, their concentrations will also decrease. As a result, the concentration of Oxaloacetate, which is a precursor for Citrate, will increase due to the decrease in Citrate production. The concentration of Glutamine, which is produced from Glutamate, will also decrease since the production of Glutamate from Ketoglutarate will be reduced.
This is an example of allosteric regulation, as the inhibitors (fumarate and glutamine) bind to the enzyme at a site other than the active site and cause a conformational change that affects the enzyme's activity. However, more information is needed to determine whether it is also an example of feedback inhibition. Feedback inhibition occurs when a downstream product inhibits an earlier step in the pathway. In this case, we do not have enough information to determine whether the inhibitors (fumarate and glutamine) are downstream products or not.
compare and contrast anabolic and catabolic processes by dragging the labels to the correct areas of the venn diagram.
Answers
The above present areas of venn diagram represents the compare and contrast between anabolic and catabolic pathways. This Venn diagram shows relaionship between groups.
Metabolism can be represented into two types:
Catabolism Anabolism.First see the above required Venn - diagram for describing the catabolism and anabolism :
Circles that overlap have the common feature of catabolism and anabolism. Circles do not overlap have their own features.Examples for the catabolic pathway : Glycolysis : Breakdown of one molecule of glucose and releasing energy.lipolysis : Breakdown of triglyceridesCitric acid pathway - Oxidtion of acetyl CoA to release energy.Oxidative deaminationMuscle tissue breakdownExamples for the anabolic pathway:Fatty acids becoming triglycerides.Glucose becoming glycogenPhotosynthesis - sugar from CO₂.building block : Which consists synthesis of large protiens from amino acids.Synthesis of new DNA strands from nucleic acid (building block)For more information about anabolic and catabolic pathways, visit :
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what is alcohol how to prepare it
Answers
Answer:
Alcohol is made by putting grains, fruits or vegetables through a process called fermentation. This is a chemical reaction where yeast or bacteria react with the sugars in the other ingredients to produce ethanol (the alcohol in the drink) and carbon dioxide (which can mean the drink has bubbles).
