a) A polyfunctional acid is an acid that has more than one functional group.
b) The equations of dissociation of phosphoric acid are:
H₃PO₄ + H₂O ⇄ H₂PO₄⁻ + H₃O⁺ H₂PO₄⁻ + H₂O ⇄ HPO₄²⁻ + H₃O⁺ HPO₄²⁻ + H₂O ⇄ PO₄³⁻ + H₃O⁺c) The equation for calculating the concentration of H₃O⁺ is [tex] [H_{3}O^{+}] = (\frac{K_{1}K_{2}K_{3}[H_{3}PO_{4}]}{[PO_{4}^{-3}]})^{1/3} [/tex]
a) A polyfunctional acid can be defined as an acid that has more than one functional group. Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) is an example of polyfunctional acid since it is composed of three hydroxyl groups joined to a phosphorus atom, which is also joined to an oxygen atom by a double bound. In that structure, the three hydrogen atoms of the hydroxyl groups give the acidic behavior to this compound.
b) Phosphoric acid has three equations of dissociation:
H₃PO₄ + H₂O ⇄ H₂PO₄⁻ + H₃O⁺ (1)H₂PO₄⁻ + H₂O ⇄ HPO₄²⁻ + H₃O⁺ (2)HPO₄²⁻ + H₂O ⇄ PO₄³⁻ + H₃O⁺ (3)The dissociation constants for the three above equations are:
[tex] K_{1} = \frac{[H_{2}PO_{4}^{-}][H_{3}O^{+}]}{[H_{3}PO_{4}]} [/tex] (4)
[tex] K_{2} = \frac{[HPO_{4}^{2-}][H_{3}O^{+}]}{[H_{2}PO_{4}^{-}]} [/tex] (5)
[tex] K_{3} = \frac{[PO_{4}^{3-}][H_{3}O^{+}]}{[HPO_{4}^{2-}]} [/tex] (6)
c) We can calculate the concentration of H₃O⁺ for each equilibrium with the equations (4), (5), and (6).
The general reaction of dissociation of phosphoric acid is given by the sum of equations (1), (2), and (3):
H₃PO₄ + 3H₂O ⇄ PO₄³⁻ + 3H₃O⁺ (7)
The concentration of H₃O⁺ for the total dissociation reaction (eq 7) can be found as follows:
[tex] K_{t} = \frac{[PO_{4}^{-3}][H_{3}O^{+}]^{3}}{[H_{3}PO_{4}]} [/tex] (8)
Where:
[tex] K_{t} = K_{1}*K_{2}*K_{3} [/tex]
Hence, by knowing the dissociation constants K₁, K₂ and K₃, and the concentrations of PO₄³⁻ and H₃PO₄, the [H₃O⁺] is:
[tex][H_{3}O^{+}] = (\frac{K_{1}K_{2}K_{3}[H_{3}PO_{4}]}{[PO_{4}^{-3}]})^{1/3}[/tex]
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Adding more than one equivalent of HCl to pent-1-yne will lead to which product:______.
a. 1,2-dichloro-1-butene.
b. 1,1-dichloropentane.
c. 2,2-dichloropentane.
d. 2,2-dichlorobutane.
Answer:
c. 2,2-dichloropentane.
Explanation:
Hello there!
In this case, according to the given information, it turns out possible for us to firstly draw the structure of the reactant, pent-1-yne:
[tex]CH\equiv C-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2[/tex]
Now, we infer the halogen is added to the carbon atom with the most carbon atoms next to it, in this case, carbon #2, in order to write the following product:
[tex]CH\equiv C-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2+2HCl\rightarrow CH_3- CCl_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2[/tex]
Whose name is 2,2-dichloropentane.
Regards!
Standard hydrogen electrode acts as both anode and cathode.Explain.
Answer:
A Standard Hydrogen Electrode is an electrode that scientists use for reference on all half-cell potential reactions. The value of the standard electrode potential is zero, which forms the basis one needs to calculate cell potentials using different electrodes or different concentrations. It is important to have this common reference electrode, just as it is important for the International Bureau of Weights and Measures to keep a sealed piece of metal that is used to reference the S.I. Kilogram.
Answer:
The role of an electrode as cathode or anode depends on the nature and electrode potential of the other electrode with which it forms the complete electrochemical cell.
When a cell is to be made with zinc electrode and hydrogen electrode, the hydrogen electrode will behave as a cathode and the zinc electrode will behave as anode because zinc is present above hydrogen in the activity series. That is zinc is more electropositive than hydrogen.
If the cell is made with a copper electrode and hydrogen electrode, the hydrogen electrode will behave as anode and the copper electrode as a cathode. This is due to the fact that Cooper is present below hydrogen in the activity series. Copper is less electropositive than hydrogen.
Explanation:
P.1 is a variant of SARS-CoV2. This is the so-called "Brazil variant". It has the amino acid the substitution N501Y in the spike protein on the virus surface. In cellular fluids at ~pH 7 the wild type spike protein has a net negative charge. This substitution will make the spike protein
more negative
less hydrophobic
able to absorb move UV light
less negative
There are various variants of Cov id virus. The Brazilian variant P also known as Gamma variant is the third variant of the original SARS-CoV2.
The correct answer is more negative
This variant has raised concerns since it has ability to spread more quickly then previous variants and this is more negative variant.
It is assumed that Cov id variant Gamma and Delta has ability to absorb move UV light but this is not proved yet and research is underway.
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An ordinary gasoline can measuring 30.0 cm by 20.0 cm by 15.0 cm is evacuated with a vacuum pump.
1a. Assuming that virtually all of the air can be removed from inside the can, and that atmospheric pressure is 14.7 psi, what is the total force (in pounds) on the surface of the can?
1b. Do you think that the can could withstand the force?
Answer:
Explanation:
From the given information:
The surface area of the can = (30 × 20 × 2) +(20× 15 × 2) +(30 × 15 × 2)
= 1200 + 600 + 900
= 2700 cm²
Since 1 inch² = 0.155 inch²
The surface area in inches² = 2700 × 0.155 inch²
= 418.5 inches²
The total force can be determined by using the expression:
Force = Pressure ×Area
Force = 14.7 psi × 418.5 inches²
Force = 6151.95 lbs
Yes, the gasoline can will be able to withstand the force.
A sample of Kr gas is observed to effuse through a pourous barrier in 8.15 minutes. Under the same conditions, the same number of moles of an unknown gas requires 4.53 minutes to effuse through the same barrier. The molar mass of the unknown gas is ____________ g/mol.
Answer:
25.88 g/mol
Explanation:
Graham's law is a famous law which states that the diffusion rate or the effusion rate of any gas varies inversely to the square root of the molecular weight the gas.
So from Graham's law, we have,
[tex]$\frac{\text{time}}{M^{1/2}}=\text{constant}$[/tex]
Using the sample of Kr gas having M = 83.8
[tex]$\frac{8.15}{(83.8)^{0.5}}= \frac{4.53}{M^{0.5}}$[/tex]
[tex]$M^{0.5}= 5.088$[/tex]
M = 25.88 g/mol
The standard free energy that is required for the sodium-potassium ATPase to pump two K ions into the cell and three Na ions is 43.8 kJ/mol but the standard free energy change of hydrolysis of ATP is only -32 kJ/mol. This apparent imbalance of free energy can be accounted for because ________.
Answer:
Explanation:
This apparent disparity of the free energy can be taken into account because:
the free energy produced by the hydrolysis of one ATP is adequate enough under psychological circumstances.
The Na-K ATPase aids the pumping of Na+ ions out of the cell and K+ ions into the cell. These actions occurring against their potential(concentration) gradients, which may be produced by hydrolyzing one ATP molecule.
Spell out the full name of the compound.
Answer:
it is propane
C3H8 it is propane
The Full name of the given compound is Propane.
What is Propane ?Propane is a three-carbon alkane with the molecular formula C₃H₈.
It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure, but compressible to a transportable liquid.
In the figure given ;
Black balls represents Carbon atomsWhite balls represents Hydrogen atomsIn the given figure, there is single bond present between Carbon and Hydrogen. Hence, The Full name of the given compound is Propane.
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You perform a distillation to separate a mixture of propylbenzene and cyclohexane, and you obtain 2.9949 grams of cyclohexane (density -0.779 g/mL, MW - 84.16 g/mol) and 1.6575 grams of propylbenzene (density = 0.862 g/mL, MW = 120.2 g/mol). What is the volume percent composition of cyclohexane in the mixture?
Answer:
66.67%
Explanation:
From the given information:
mass of cyclohexane = 2.9949 grams
density of cyclohexane = 0.779 g/mL
Recall that:
Density = mass/volume
∴
Volume = mass/density
So, the volume of cyclohexane = 2.9949 g/ 0.779 g/mL
= 3.8445 mL
Also,
mass of propylbenzene = 1.6575 grams
density of propylbenzene = 0.862 g/mL
Volume of propylbenzene = 1.6575 g/ 0.862 g/mL
= 1.9229 mL
The volume % composition of cyclohexane from the mixture is:
[tex]= (\dfrac{v_{cyclohexane}}{v_{cyclohexane}+v_{propylbenzene}})\times 100[/tex]
[tex]= (\dfrac{3.8445}{3.8445+1.9229})\times 100[/tex]
[tex]= (\dfrac{3.8445}{5.7674})\times 100[/tex]
= 66.67%
which of the followong would change the element represented in the electron module?
a. adding 1 proton
b. adding 1 electron
c. adding 1 neutron
d. removing the electron
Answer:
removing the electron.
The term that would change the element represented in the electron module is removing the electron. The correct option is d.
What are elements?Chemical elements are the elements that are represented in the periodic table. There are 118 chemical elements discovered and represented in the periodic table. There are many more to be discovered.
The model is of an element. Elements are made up of atoms, and atoms contain charged particles. Out of these particles, electrons are revolved around the nucleus, which determined the atomic number of the element, and different elements have different numbers of electrons.
Removing the electron from the element, will change the element or change its atomic number.
Thus, the correct option is d. removing the electron.
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The electronic arrangement of an atom shows how electrons are distributed across the different energy levels. Which of the following elements is represented by the electron arrangement 2, 8, 18, 6?
А Сa
B. Mg
C. S
D Se
E. Ga
Answer:
The answer is D which is Selenium
How does the radiation from radioisotopes cause damage to human tissue?
Answers
A.
by ionization knocking electrons away from atoms
B.
by breaking the bonds between atoms in molecules
C.
by causing nuclear chain reactions inside cells
D.
by causing transmutations of atoms within cells
Answer:
Explanation:
B.
by breaking the bonds between atoms in molecules
Hydrogen fluoride will react with glass (silicon dioxide. S_iO_2) according to the equation below What mass of HF is required to react completely with 16 0 g of glass? (Molar masses; Si 28 09 g/mol F 19 00 g/mol H. 1.01 g/mol O, 16.00 g/mol]
4HF(g) + SiO_2(s) --> SiF_4(g) + 2H_2O(g)
A. 5.33 g
B. 21.3 g
C. 64.0 g
D. 80.0 g
E. 320 g
Answer:
21.3 g. Option B
Explanation:
The reaction is:
4HF(g) + SiO₂(s) → SiF₄(g) + 2H₂O(g)
We analysed it and it is correctly balanced.
4 moles of hydrogen fluoride react to 1 mol of silicon dioxide in order to produce 1 mol of silicon fluoride and 2 moles of water vapor.
We determine molar mass of each reactant:
HF → 1.01 g/mol + 19 g/mol = 20.01 g/mol
SiO₂ → 16 g/mol . 2 + 28.09 g/mol = 60.09 g/mol
We convert mass to moles: 16 g . 1 mol /60.09g = 0.266 moles of glass
Ratio is 1:4. 1 mol of glass react to 4 moles of HF
Our 0.266 moles may react to (0.266 . 4) / 1 = 1.07 moles of gas
We convert moles to mass: 1.07 mol . 20.01 g/mol = 21.3 g
Given its formula and Avogadro's Number (6.02 x 10^23 molecules/mol), deduce how many molecules are present in 3 x 10^-16 grams of TCDD. Type in only a number without using scientific notation.
Answer:
5 × 10⁵ molecules (500,000 molecules)
Explanation:
Step 1: Convert 3 × 10⁻¹⁶ g to moles
We will use the molar mass of TCDD (321.97 g/mol).
3 × 10⁻¹⁶ g × 1 mol/321.97 g = 9 × 10⁻¹⁹ mol
Step 2: Convert 9 × 10⁻¹⁹ mol to molecules
The required conversion factor is Avogadro's number (6.02 × 10²³ molecules/mol).
9 × 10⁻¹⁹ mol × 6.02 × 10²³ molecules/1 mol = 5 × 10⁵ molecules
The sample concentration was measured at 50mg/ml. The loading concentration needs to be 10mg/ml. The final volume needs to be 25ul. What is the volume of sample needed and the amount of buffer needed to reach 25ul
Answer:
a) [tex]V_1=5ul[/tex]
b) [tex]v=20ul[/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that:
initial Concentration [tex]C_1=50mg/ml[/tex]
Final Concentration [tex]C_2=10mg/ml[/tex]
Final volume needs [tex]V_2 =25ul[/tex]
Generally the equation for Volume is mathematically given by
[tex]C_1V_1=C_2V_2[/tex]
[tex]V_1=\frac{C_1V_1}{C_2}[/tex]
[tex]V_1=\frac{10*25}{50}[/tex]
[tex]V_1=5ul[/tex]
Therefore
The volume of buffer needed is
[tex]v=V_2-V_1\\\\v=25-5[/tex]
[tex]v=20ul[/tex]
does anyone know how to solve this and what the answer would be?
Dynamic equilibrium is showed at the point at which solid liquid and gas intersect.
At the point at which solid liquid and gas intersect represents a system that shows dynamic equilibrium. There is equal amount of reactants and products at the point of dynamic equilibrium because the transition of substances occur between the reactants and products at equal rates, means that there is no net change. Reactants and products are formed at the rate that no change occur in their concentration.
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How many neutrons does Carbon- 14 and Carbon -15 have? *
Answer: 8 for both
Explanation:
Below is the structure of what should be the peptide Thr-Glu-Arg-Met. However, one of these residues has been drawn incorrectly. Identify this residue
Thr
Glu
Arg
Met
Answer:
the answer is glu and I know
The residue that has been drawn incorrectly is option (B) i.e. glu .
What is glutamate residue?Glutathione consists of a glutamate residue linked to cysteine via its γ-carboxyl rather than the α-carboxyl group and followed by a conventional peptide bond between cysteine and glycine.
It plays an important role in maintaining the proper ratio of oxidized to reduced forms of metabolically important thiols such as coenzyme A.
It also provides reducing equivalents that detoxify reactive oxygen species such as peroxides.
The tripeptide is regenerated through the concerted action enzymes in the so-called γ-glutamyl cycle.
The residue that has been drawn incorrectly is glutamate residue ,hence option (B) is correct.
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Which of the following have only a -C-O-C- functional group?
Answer:
B) ethers
Explanation:
The functional group of an organic compound defines its specificity. The functional group is responsible for the chemical behavior of an organic compound. For example, alkenes are known to have a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) functional group.
Likewise, organic compounds known as ETHERS are known to possess an ethoxy functional group i.e. oxygen atom bonded to two alkyl groups (R- OR; where R is an alkyl group). Members of ether functional group includes dimethyl ether (CH3-O-CH3), diethyl ether (C2H5-O-C2H5).
A substance is made up of slow-moving particles that have very little space between them. Based on this information, what can most likely be concluded about this substance? O It is not a gas because its particles do not move continuously. It is a gas because its particles move continuously in a straight line. 0 It is not a gas because its particles do not have large spaces between them. It is a gas because its particles move in many different directions.
Answer:
o
Explanation:
it is not a gas because the particles do not move freely it may be a liquid or a solid partly and mostly liquidized.
convert 36.52 mg to ?___ g
Answer:
0.0365 is your answer
Explanation:
hope it will help uAnswer:
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ASSINGMENT Propane react with oxygen gas to form Carbondioxide and water a. If 2.8 mole of propone react with excess oxygen ges. how many grams of Carbondioxide will be form?
Answer:
Propane (C3H8) reacts with Oxygen gas to form Carbon Dioxide and water.
a. If 2.8 moles of Propane reacts with excess Oxygen gas how many grams of CO2 will be formed?
b. How many grams of Oxygen gas will completely react with 3.8 moles of Propane?
c. If 25 g of C3H8 reacts with excess Oxygen, how many moles of water will be formed?
d. If 38 g of water are produced in the reaction, how many moles of CO2 were produced?
Choose the correct statement
a) The maximum value of principal quantum number (n) is 7
b) The angular quantum number (l) can receive value from 1 to (n-1)
c) The magnetic quantum number (ml) shows the energy of electron
d) The magnetic quantum number (ml) show how many orbitals in each subshell
Answer:
maybe number b is correct. ...thank you
Which of the following behaviors would best describe someone who is listening and paying attention? a) Leaning toward the speaker O b) Interrupting the speaker to share their opinion c) Avoiding eye contact d) Asking questions to make sure they understand what's being said
Answer:
a Leaning towards the speaker
What mass of NaNO3 must be dissolved to make 838mL of a 1.25 M solution
Answer:
89.04 g of NaNO₃.
Explanation:
We'll begin by converting 838 mL to L. This can be obtained as follow:
1000 mL = 1 L
Therefore,
838 mL = 838 mL × 1 L / 1000 mL
838 mL = 0.838 L
Next, we shall determine the number of mole of NaNO₃ in the solution. This can be obtained as follow:
Volume = 0.838 L
Molarity = 1.25 M
Mole of NaNO₃ =?
Mole = Molarity × volume
Mole of NaNO₃ = 1.25 × 0.838
Mole of NaNO₃ = 1.0475 mole
Finally, we shall determine the mass of NaNO₃ needed to prepare the solution. This can be obtained as follow:
Mole of NaNO₃ = 1.0475 mole
Molar mass of NaNO₃ = 23 + 14 + (16×3)
= 23 + 14 + 48
= 85 g/mol
Mass of NaNO₃ =?
Mass = mole × molar mass
Mass of NaNO₃ = 1.0475 × 85
Mass of NaNO₃ = 89.04 g
Therefore, 89.04 g of NaNO₃ is needed to prepare the solution.
Which one of these four atoms has the most neutrons?
O A.
79
Se
34
B.
80
Br
35
OC.
73
Ge
32
84
Kr
36
O D.
Answer:
kr
Explanation:
it is radioactive so it loss electron due to which it jas most neutons
Izopropanole doesn't form by Select one:
a. Reduction of propan-2-one
b. Hydration of 2-chloropropane
c. Hydration of propene
d. Reduction of propanal
Izopropanol doesn't form by Hydration of propene.
What is Reduction of propan-2-one?Acetone, propanone, or dimethyl ketone, exists as an organic compound with the formula (CH₃)₂CO. It stands for the simplest and smallest ketone. Reduction of ketones can be accomplished by hydrogenation (or) utilizing Grignard Reagent. Let us now decrease propanone to propan-2-ol by hydrogenation. The reduction of propane in the existence of catalyst platinum along with hydrogen provides the product propan-2-ol.
The correct answer is option A.
Izopropanol doesn't form by Hydration of propene.
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A 13.4 mL sample of CO2 gas was collected in an experiment.
What is this volume in liters (L)? Use significant figures, do NOT include the units.
Explanation:
here's the answer to your question
If 50.0 g of sulfuric acid and 40.0 grams of barium chloride are mixed, how many grams of sulfuric acid and how many grams of barium chloride remain after the double replacement reaction is complete?
After the double replacement reaction is complete 0 grams of BaCl₂ and 31.16 grams of H₂SO₄ will remain.
First, we will write the balanced equation for the reaction
H₂SO₄ + BaCl₂ → BaSO₄ + 2HCl
This means 1 mole of BaCl₂ is needed to react completely with 1 mole of H₂SO₄ to give 1 mole of BaSO₄ and 2 moles of HCl
From the question, 50.0g of sulfuric acid is mixed with 40.0 grams of barium chloride. To determine the quantity of each substance remaining after the complete reaction, we will first determine the number of moles present in each of the reactant.
For H₂SO₄
mass = 50.0g
Molar mass = 98.079 g/mol
From the formula
Number of moles = Mass / Molar mass
∴ Number of moles of H₂SO₄ = 50.0g / 98.079 g/mol
Number of moles of H₂SO₄ = 0.5098 mol
For BaCl₂
mass = 40.0 g
Molar mass = 208.23 g/mol
∴ Number of moles of BaCl₂ = 40.0g / 208.23 g/mol
Number of moles of BaCl₂ = 0.1921 mol
Since the number of moles of H₂SO₄ is more than that of BaCl₂, then H₂SO₄ is the excess reagent and BaCl₂ is the limiting reagent (that is, it will be used up completely during the reaction)
From the equation, 1 mole of H₂SO₄ is needed to completely react with 1 mole of BaCl₂
∴ 0.1921 mol of H₂SO₄ will be needed to completely react with 0.1921 mol of BaCl₂.
Therefore, after the reaction is complete, 0 mole (i.e 0 grams) of BaCl₂ will remain and (0.5098 mole - 0.1921 mole) of H₂SO₄ will remain.
Number of moles H₂SO₄ that will remain = 0.5098 mole - 0.1921 mole = 0.3177 moles
Now, we will convert this to grams
From the formula
Mass = Number of moles × Molar mass
Mass of H₂SO₄ that will remain = 0.3177 moles × 98.079 g/mol
Mass of H₂SO₄ that will remain = 31.1597 g
Mass of H₂SO₄ that will remain ≅ 31.16 g
Hence, after the double replacement reaction is complete 0 grams of BaCl₂ and 31.16 grams of H₂SO₄ will remain.
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Please help answering 11)
Answer:
the answer is C
Explanation:
Which statement best describes what happens during a chemical reaction?
A. Reactants change into products.
B. Reactants change into new reactants.
C. Products change into reactants.
D. Products change into new products.
Answer:
A. Reactants change into products
