A cash budget, by quarters, is given below for a retail company (000 omitted). The company requires a minimum cash balance of at least $5,000 to start each quarter. Fill in the missing amounts. (Enter your answers in thousands of dollars. Cash deficiencies and Repayments should be indicated by a minus sign.)
Cash Budget Quarter (000 omitted) 1 2 3 4 Year
Cash balance,beginning $ 9 Add collections from customers 107 367
Total cash available 74 Less disbursements: Purchase of inventory 46 56 30 Selling and administrative expenses 32 30 109
Equipment purchases 9 9 21 49
Dividends 2 2 2 2 Total disbursements 99 Excess (deficiency) of cash available over disbursements (10 9 Financing: Borrowings 7 Repayments (including interest)* (19) Total financing Cash balance, ending *Interest will total $1,000 for the year.

A cover letter, sales letter, and letter of inquiry are all types of business letters but serve different purposes.

A sales letter is a type of marketing communication that is sent to potential customers with the aim of persuading them to purchase a product or service. The letter typically follows a structured format and includes elements such as a headline, opening statement, body copy, benefits, call to action, and closing statement. The purpose of a sales letter is to grab the reader's attention, establish credibility, highlight the unique features and benefits of the product or service being offered, and provide a clear and compelling call to action that encourages the reader to take action. A well-written sales letter can be an effective way to generate leads, increase sales, and build customer loyalty.

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This kind of relationship between an organization that provides in-service treatment for alcoholic clients and receives virtually all of these referrals from the family service agencies is an example of a referral relationship.

An organization is a social entity created to achieve a shared objective. It can range from a single person to tens of thousands of people in many locations, working to achieve a common goal. Organizations are typically made up of a group of people working together to accomplish a common goal. These groups may have a formal structure, with a set of regulations and procedures to follow. The majority of firms aim to make a profit or serve their clients in the best possible way.

A referral relationship, on the other hand, is a sort of relationship between two or more organizations where one refers clients or customers to the other. The referral relationship will work in a way that the first organization referred clients or customers to the second, with the objective of receiving something in return, such as commission or incentives.

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Option A: i and ii are true are true regarding standardization, i.e.(i). All products made to a given specification will be interchangeable. (ii). A range of standard specifications can be established so that the range covers the majority of uses for the item.

Standardization refers to the process of implementing, defining, and establishing a standard. It leads to uniformity in the products which in turn, lead to interchangeability or the ability to replace one product with another.Thus, it can be said that all products made to a given specification will be interchangeable.In addition to this, a range of standard specifications can be established so that the range covers the majority of uses for the item. This is true as different uses of a product require different specifications to be followed so that the item can be utilized as per the intended use.

However, statement iii is incorrect as standardization does not result in a larger variety of parts. In fact, it reduces the variety of parts and leads to interchangeability. Hence, the correct option is A.

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In the following question, among the given options,  in the missing blank, One difference between stocks and bonds is that option (D) "stocks do not involve a promise to repay a purchaser of the stock, while bonds represent a promise to repay the purchase price of the bond."

What is a stock? A stock is a financial security that symbolizes the ownership of a company and represents a proportionate claim on its assets and earnings. The individual who owns a share of a company's stock is known as a shareholder. Stockholders are entitled to share in the company's profits through dividends, which are payments made by a company to its shareholders out of its earnings.

What is a bond? Bonds are fixed-income securities that are used by corporations, municipalities, and governments to fund activities or infrastructure projects. Bonds are a type of debt security, which means they represent a loan that investors make to the bond issuer in return for regular interest payments and the promise to repay the bond's principal when it reaches maturity.

The key difference between stocks and bonds is that stocks do not involve a promise to repay the purchaser of the stock, while bonds represent a promise to repay the purchase price of the bond. Stocks are riskier investments than bonds because they lack the promise of principal repayment at maturity. However, stocks can offer a higher rate of return than bonds because they are based on the company's earnings, which can be more significant than the fixed interest payments made on bonds.

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The LIBOR zero rates for maturities of 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 years are 4.79%, 5.01% and 5.22% respectively.

The LIBOR zero curve is flat at 5% (continuously compounded) out to 1.5 years. Swap rates for 2- and 3-year semiannual pay swaps are 5.4% and 5.6%, respectively. To estimate LIBOR zero rates for maturities of 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 years. The LIBOR curve will be constructed using the swap rates and assuming that the swap cash flows will be discounted using the LIBOR curve.

1. For 2-year Swap: Calculate the discount factor for 2 years using the swap rate and assuming that the swap cash flows will be discounted using the LIBOR curve, this discount factor will be used to construct the LIBOR curve.

Discount factor for 2-year swap:

$0.054*(1+0.05/2)^{-4}+ $0.054*(1+X/2)^{-2} = $1

 Solving for X, we get X = 4.79

Thus the 2-year zero LIBOR rate is 4.79%

2. For 3-year Swap: Discount factor for 3-year swap:

$0.056*(1+0.05/2)^{-6} + $0.056*(1+0.054/2)^{-4} + $0.056*    (1+X/2)^{-2} = $1

Solving for X, we get X = 5.22%

Thus the 3-year zero LIBOR rate is 5.22%

3. For 2.5 years Swap:

We are given that the 2.5-year swap rate is the average of the 2- and 3-year swap rates:

Swap rate for 2.5 year= (5.4%+5.6%)/2= 5.5%

Discount factor for 2.5 year swap:

$0.055*(1+0.05/2)^{-5} + $0.055*(1+0.054/2)^{-3} + $0.055*(1+0.0522/2)^{-1} + $0.055*(1+X/2)^{-2} = $1

Solving for X, we get X = 5.01%

Thus the 2.5-year zero LIBOR rate is 5.01%

The LIBOR zero rates for maturities of 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 years are 4.79%, 5.01% and 5.22% respectively.

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Among the ventures: information technology consulting, real estate development, and condominium leasing, the correct answer is: All three of the ventures are considered active and not subject to the passive activity loss limitations. (option E)

To determine which ventures are considered active and not subject to the passive activity loss limitations, we need to apply the material participation test to each venture.

The material participation test requires an individual to meet one of the following criteria:

Based on the information provided, we can calculate Ethan's participation in each venture as follows:

Ethan meets the material participation test for all three ventures because he participates in each venture for more than 500 hours during the year. Therefore, all three ventures are considered active and not subject to the passive activity loss limitations.

The answer is E.

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An intelligent agent that searches for the best price for a particular product on your behalf is termed a price comparison agent.

It is a computer-based system that searches for the best price and product option available across multiple vendors. Price comparison agents are powered by artificial intelligence algorithms that compare and analyze different products and their prices. They then compare these options and present the best one to the customer.

Price comparison agents are designed to make shopping easier and more efficient by allowing customers to compare prices from multiple vendors quickly and easily. They use criteria such as product ratings, customer reviews, and discounts to help customers find the best deal for their needs. Price comparison agents also help customers save time by providing them with a single source of information regarding product and pricing information. Additionally, they provide customers with the assurance that they are getting the best deal.

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Although consumer reporting organisations are legally compelled to remove the majority of bad information about your account after seven years, you should typically challenge any material in their report that is older than seven years.

Under the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA), a consumer reporting agency (CRA) can generally report unfavorable information for up to seven years. This includes information such as late or missed payments, charge-offs, collections, bankruptcies, foreclosures, and other negative credit events.

It's important to note that the seven-year reporting period applies to the date of first delinquency or the date of the negative event, not the date the account was closed or paid off. Once the reporting period has expired, the CRA must remove the negative information from the consumer's credit report.

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Celia works as an articling student with a large law firm. Her wage increased from $30 per hour to $40 per hour.

She can work up to 50 hours each week. The table below shows her utility from different levels of leisure and income. If Celia continues to work 50 hours per week after her raise, the raise will increase her utility by $160 per week. How is Celia's utility affected by the increase in her hourly wage? Utility is a measure of satisfaction or happiness derived from the consumption of goods or services. The marginal utility of money refers to the amount of satisfaction gained by receiving a small increase in income or wealth. When Celia's hourly wage increases from $30 to $40, the marginal utility of money increases. Celia's leisure time is inversely proportional to her hourly wage. As her hourly wage increases, she will be more likely to work more hours and have less leisure time. Celia's weekly earnings will increase from $1500 (50 hours x $30 per hour) to $2000 (50 hours x $40 per hour). Assume that Celia is currently working 40 hours per week and has a marginal utility of $40 for each additional hour she works. If Celia continues to work 50 hours per week after her raise, her marginal utility from working is higher than her marginal utility from leisure by $160 per week. This amount of money is calculated as follows:$160 = ($40 per hour x 10 additional hours per week) - ($40 per hour x 40 hours of leisure time) Therefore, the raise will increase Celia's utility by $160 per week.

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Unfortunately, the question doesn't provide any queries or results to work with. Without any data, it's impossible to provide an answer to the question.

What is YTD? YTD stands for "year to date," and it refers to the period of time starting from the beginning of the current year up to the present date.

For example, if today's date is October 31st, the YTD would be from January 1st to October 31st. It is commonly used in finance and accounting to track a company's financial performance over a given period of time.

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Internal alignment is the statement that is true among the given options. Internal alignment addresses pay relationships inside an organization.

Internal alignment refers to the process of managing and evaluating pay for work within an organization. Internal alignment ensures that the pay scale is equal to the work's value to the organization. It addresses pay relationships inside an organization, which means that how much a job is worth within an organization determines what an employee will receive in pay.

Internal alignment is the first issue in a strategic approach to pay. This means that if an organization wants to make strategic pay decisions, it must first create internal alignment. The key to internal alignment is a sound compensation plan. Distributive justice refers to how an organization distributes resources, including pay. Thus, it is not accurate to say that internal alignment is often referred to as distributive justice.

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A university that uses benefit segmentation to target students who want to earn a degree while working full-time would most likely focus its marketing message on flexible schedules and online courses to accommodate their work schedule.

The process of dividing a market into groups of consumers with similar needs or characteristics, and then targeting them with products, services, or marketing strategies tailored to their specific needs or preferences is known as benefit segmentation.

Benefit segmentation divides a market based on the benefits or specific outcomes that consumers seek from a product or service, rather than demographic or geographic characteristics. Benefit segmentation is used to identify and reach consumers who value a product or service's unique features or benefits.

Target markets are segmented using benefit segmentation, which helps organizations to understand consumers' needs and preferences better. This allows the organization to focus its marketing efforts and advertising campaigns on these consumers' specific needs, resulting in more efficient and effective marketing messages.

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The correct answer is (a) $(71,400).
When a company retires bonds, cash flows from financing activities will be affected. Bonds with a par value of $50,000 and a carrying value of $66,500 were retired for $71,400 cash, resulting in a loss of $4,900.

The company will report cash flows from financing activities of $(71,400). This is calculated by subtracting the carrying value of the bonds ($66,500) from the amount received for the retirement of the bonds ($71,400). The loss of $4,900 is not reported in the statement of cash flows.
The other answer choices are incorrect because:
- (b) $(16,500) is incorrect because it is the difference between the par value of the bonds ($50,000) and the cash received for the retirement of the bonds ($71,400).
- (c) $(66,500) is incorrect because this is the carrying value of the bonds, which was not reported in the statement of cash flows.
- (d) $16,500 is incorrect because it is the difference between the cash received for the retirement of the bonds ($71,400) and the par value of the bonds ($50,000).
- (e) $(4,900) is incorrect because this is the amount of the loss that was not reported in the statement of cash flows.

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If Carissa has an insurance based on 80% coinsurance provision, for a $11,500 claim, the insurance company will pay $10,761.50.

The 80% coinsurance provision means that the homeowner must insure the property for at least 80% of its actual value to avoid a penalty in the event of a partial loss. If the homeowner fails to maintain the required level of insurance, the insurance company may reduce the amount of the claim payment.

In this case, Carissa has insured her home for $175,000, which is less than the required 80% of the actual value of $234,000. To determine the actual amount of insurance coverage, we can use the following formula:

Actual amount of insurance = (Amount of insurance carried / Required amount of insurance) x Loss

Where the required amount of insurance is 80% of the actual value of the property, or:

Required amount of insurance = 80% x $234,000 = $187,200

Substituting the values given in the question:

Actual amount of insurance = ($175,000 / $187,200) x $11,500

Actual amount of insurance = 0.93483 x $11,500

Actual amount of insurance = $10,761.50

Therefore, the insurance company would pay $10,761.50 on the $11,500 claim, assuming there are no other factors that would affect the claim payment.

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If a customer decides to forgo the cash discount, then he should make his payment on the day after its expiration if he wants to minimize the cost of his trade credit. If the buyer decides not to use the cash discount, the trade credit price is higher. Hence the statement is true.

A cash discount is a reduced amount that a company or seller offers to a consumer who pays their bill immediately or within a specified period.

Cash discounts are intended to save the vendor time and money by decreasing credit card processing fees and the administrative expenses associated with late payments.

In this situation, if a customer decides to forgo the cash discount, then he should make his payment on the day after its expiration if he wants to minimize the cost of his trade credit.

If the buyer takes advantage of the cash discount, the trade credit price is lower than if the buyer pays later.

If the buyer decides not to use the cash discount, the trade credit price is higher than if the buyer pays immediately.

As a result, the buyer should make the payment on the day after the cash discount period has expired if they want to minimize the cost of their trade credit.

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Sam made an investment of $20,000 with interest rate of 6.5% compounded semi-annually. At age 40, Sam's investment is worth $29,474.10.

To calculate the value of Sam's investment at age 40, we need to use the same formula as for Pam's investment, since they both invested the same amount at the same interest rate, compounded semi-annually.

The formula for the future value of a lump sum investment is:

FV = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)

Where:

FV = future value

P = principal (initial investment)

r = annual interest rate

n = number of times the interest is compounded per year

t = number of years

Substituting the values given in the question for Sam's investment:

P = $20,000

r = 6.5% or 0.065 (since the interest rate is given as an annual percentage)

n = 2 (since interest is compounded semi-annually)

t = 5 (since Sam invested for 5 years between the ages of 35 and 40)

FV = $20,000(1 + 0.065/2)^(2*5)

FV = $20,000(1.0325)^10

FV = $29,474.10

Therefore, Sam's investment is worth $29,474.10 at age 40.

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The recommended optimization strategy for Olga who has several line items under her campaign is to adjust frequency caps on the underdelivering/underperforming line items to serve more impressions.

A frequency cap is a parameter that determines how many times your advertisements are served to the same user. Frequency caps help you keep track of how often people are seeing your advertisements and how frequently they're exposed to them.

Adjust frequency caps on the underdelivering/underperforming line items to serve more impressions is the recommended optimization strategy because it will help the underdelivering/underperforming line items get to the level of the high-performing line items.

The reason for this is that adjusting frequency caps will ensure that more people see the underperforming/underdelivering line items, increasing the chances of engagement and conversion.

Adjusting frequency caps on the underperforming/underdelivering line items to serve less impressions is not the right optimization strategy because it will result in fewer people seeing the ads, which may cause the performance to become even worse. This may be detrimental to the line items.

Shift budget from high-performing line items to the underperforming/underdelivering line items or shift budget from the underperforming and underdelivering line items to higher performing line items that are scaling is not the recommended optimization strategy because it may lead to increased costs without necessarily boosting performance.

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When a bank guarantees a future payment to a firm, the financial instrument used is called a banker's acceptance. The answer is d. a banker's acceptance.

A banker's acceptance is a legally binding obligation by a bank to pay a specified sum of money at a particular date in the future. It's a short-term credit instrument used to facilitate foreign exchange transactions and trade finance.

Banker's acceptances are commonly used in international trade. When a buyer and a seller are dealing with each other from different countries, they require a guarantee from the bank that they will get paid. In exchange for a fee, the bank provides this guarantee by issuing a banker's acceptance. This means that a banker's acceptance is a financial instrument used by banks to guarantee future payments to businesses.

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The FIFO method usually results in higher equivalent units of production than the weighted average method, as seen in this scenario.

(a) Compute the total units to account for: Compute the total units to account for Units introduced into production = Beginning work in process inventory + Units started and completed + Ending work in process inventory= 180,000 + 3,400,000 + 165,000= 3,745,000 tons of steel

(b) Determine how many units were started and completed Units completed and transferred out = Total units - Ending work in process inventory= 3,745,000 - 165,000= 3,580,000 tons of steel

(c) Determine the equivalent units of production using the weighted average method Equivalent units = Units completed and transferred out + (Ending work in process inventory * Degree of completion)Equivalent units of production= 3,580,000 + (165,000 × 40%)= 3,580,000 + 66,000= 3,646,000 tons of steel

(d) Determine the equivalent units of production using the FIFO method Equivalent units = Units completed and transferred out + (Ending work in process inventory × Degree of completion)Equivalent units of production= 3,580,000 + (165,000 × 100%)= 3,745,000 tons of steel

(e) Reconcile your answers to parts (c) and (d)The weighted average and FIFO equivalent units of production differs due to the difference in the method used to account for the units transferred out. The weighted average method uses the average degree of completion of beginning and ending inventories to compute the equivalent units while the FIFO method uses only the degree of completion of ending inventory to compute the equivalent units. As such, the FIFO method usually results in higher equivalent units of production than the weighted average method, as seen in this scenario.

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A. If he sells the bond for $18,000 or less, his basis will be $18,000 and his holding period will be short-term.

The correct option is A Explanation: Gifting the bond to her brother means that the recipient's basis is the lesser of the donor's adjusted basis or the fair market value on the date of the gift. Here the adjusted basis is $23,000 and the fair market value on the date of the gift is $18,000. Therefore, the brother's basis is $18,000.Short-term holding period:

If the holding period is less than a year, the holding period is short-term. Long-term holding period: If the holding period is more than a year, the holding period is long-term. Students can use the following option to identify which option is true: If the price of the bond goes above $23,000, then he'll make a gain.If the price of the bond goes down, then he'll lose money. If he sells the bond for $18,000 or less, his basis will be $18,000 and his holding period will be short-term.

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The answer is A, "Higher education is a normal good", because the quantity demanded increases by 5% when incomes rise by 10%.

A normal good is a good whose demand increases as income rises, holding everything else constant. Income elasticity of demand (IED) is used to quantify the relationship between income and the quantity demanded of a commodity. The IED of a commodity can be positive or negative, depending on whether the commodity is a normal or an inferior good.

The demand for higher education will increase as a result of an increase in income because people will have more money to spend on education. Therefore, it is a normal good. The demand for higher education is price elastic when the quantity of higher education demanded responds significantly to a change in price, which indicates that the demand is sensitive to price changes.

On the other hand, when the quantity of higher education demanded does not respond significantly to a change in price, the demand is price inelastic. When there is an increase in income, the quantity of higher education demanded increases, indicating that the demand is price elastic.

Thus, higher education is a normal good, and the demand for higher education is price elastic. Therefore, option A is correct.

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The given scenario about the scanning of all purchases at the check-out counter at Hobby Lobby by using barcodes technology is an example of Sales Automation.

Sales automation is the process of automating business tasks that are performed by sales teams such as order processing, contact management, inventory monitoring, and so on.

Sales automation software is often used to automate many of these processes. Sales automation refers to the use of computer software, online tools, and other digital technologies to automate sales processes, tasks, and workflows.

This can range from automating basic tasks like tracking customer interactions and managing sales leads to more complex processes like analyzing sales data, forecasting revenue, and creating customized sales proposals.

Sales automation can help sales teams to streamline their workflows, reduce manual labor, and increase efficiency and productivity. Hobby Lobby uses this automation technology to keep track of its sales, avoid stock-outs by reordering products from suppliers as needed, and show Hobby Lobby marketers which products are profitable.

The given scenario about the scanning of all purchases at the check-out counter at Hobby Lobby by using barcodes technology is an example of Sales Automation.

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The scenario in which a diagnostic argument could be most helpful is "An accounting manager must report on why Selling, General, and Administrative expenses have jumped recently. The correct option is 2.

A diagnostic argument is an argument that provides information regarding an issue and why it occurred. The argument's main goal is to find the cause of the problem and determine what should be done to solve it. Diagnostic arguments are frequently utilized in the business sector, especially when firms experience problems. They may assist business owners and managers in determining the root cause of a particular business problem and developing effective solutions to address the problem.

Select the scenario in which a diagnostic argument could be most helpful The scenario in which a diagnostic argument could be most helpful is "An accounting manager must report on why Selling, General, and Administrative expenses have jumped recently." When Selling, General, and Administrative (SG&A) expenses are higher than normal, this indicates a problem.

As a result, the accounting manager must conduct a diagnostic argument to determine the cause of the sudden rise in SG&A expenses. The accounting manager's goal is to figure out what caused the increase in SG&A expenses and determine what should be done to reduce those expenses in the future. Hence the correct option is 2. An accounting manager must report on why Selling, General, and Administrative expenses have jumped recently.

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The occurrence where an idea is altered along the way and becomes ineffectual is known as "gatekeeping".

Gatekeeping refers to the process of controlling the flow of information or ideas from one person to another in an organization.

It involves filtering and modifying information or ideas as they move up or down the hierarchy of an organization.

Sometimes, gatekeepers may alter or distort ideas unintentionally or intentionally, resulting in ineffective or watered-down versions of the original ideas.

This can happen due to various reasons, such as personal biases, organizational politics, or communication breakdowns.

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When reporting on a nonissuer's internal control over financial reporting in a separate report, a practitioner should include a paragraph that describes the criteria against which the internal control was measured. The correct answer is option D, the criteria against which the internal control was measured.

When a practitioner is reporting on a nonissuer's internal control over financial reporting in a separate report, they should include a paragraph that describes the criteria against which the internal control was measured. Criteria are the measures or standards used to assess the nonissuer's internal control over financial reporting by the practitioner. The criteria are necessary to ensure that the internal control system is reliable and effective.

The practitioner must identify the criteria they used to assess the effectiveness of the nonissuer's internal control over financial reporting. The paragraph describing the criteria should also highlight the fact that the criteria are being used to assess the system's effectiveness and determine whether there are any material misstatements in the account balances. As a result, option D is the correct answer to the question.

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For business-to-business sales teams, an ideal customer profile usually identifies a target company's specific needs and potential value as a customer. For sales teams who sell directly to consumers, an ideal customer profile identifies a target audience's demographic, psychographic, and behavioral traits.

What is an ideal customer profile? An ideal customer profile (ICP) is a comprehensive description of a company's perfect customer. It includes a wide range of attributes, including demographic, psychographic, and behavioral characteristics, which are used to create a company's target audience. The profile identifies the characteristics of the ideal customers, which can then be used to identify potential customers that match the profile.An ICP for business-to-business sales teams is typically focused on identifying the specific needs of a target company and determining its potential value as a customer. The profile includes information such as company size, industry, location, revenue, and other relevant metrics, which can help sales teams determine whether a particular company is a good fit for their products or services. They can use this information to customize their pitch to the company's specific needs. On the other hand, for sales teams who sell directly to consumers, an ICP typically identifies the demographic, psychographic, and behavioral traits of a target audience.

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The ending balance for retained earnings is $207,500. Therefore, option A is correct.

A statement of cash flows is a financial report that reveals how changes in balance sheet accounts and income impact cash and cash equivalents. The statement of cash flows is broken down into three sections:

In the given problem, the accountant for Crusoe Company is preparing the statement of cash flows for the just-ended fiscal year. The information provided in the statement of cash flows is as follows:

Therefore, when the net income for the year is $97,500 the ending balance for retained earnings will be $207,500 i.e., option A.

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Under the Pregnancy Discrimination Act (PDA), employers may not refuse to hire a pregnant woman, fire her, or force her to take maternity leave.

PDA is a federal law that prohibits discrimination based on pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions. Pregnancy discrimination is discrimination against women on the grounds of pregnancy or childbirth. This discrimination can manifest in a variety of ways.

According to the PDA, an employer cannot discriminate against an employee or job applicant because of her pregnancy or a pregnancy-related medical condition. An employer cannot force a pregnant employee to take leave or ask her to leave because of her pregnancy.

A pregnant employee has the right to work until the time she is no longer able to perform her job. An employer must offer the same treatment to a pregnant employee as to any other employee who is temporarily disabled.

In addition, the PDA applies to all aspects of employment, including hiring, promotion, pay, training, job assignments, and fringe benefits.

It also includes health insurance, leave, and retirement benefits. Any type of discrimination or harassment based on pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions is illegal under the PDA.

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The cost of products that are produced by a company is referred to as product costs. These expenses are incurred directly or indirectly, and are accounted for in the company's inventory account. The following is not a product cost under absorption costing: C. Variable manufacturing overhead.

The most basic approach to costing is absorption costing, which assigns all direct and indirect costs to the cost of the commodity. This method is preferred for external reporting because it provides a more accurate estimation of the cost of producing a product than other methods, making it simpler to compare costs among different products.

In conclusion, the absorption costing approach assigns all direct and indirect costs to the cost of a commodity, including direct materials, direct labor, and fixed and variable overhead. It is, however, important to note that not all indirect expenses, such as variable manufacturing overhead, are included in the cost of the commodity. The following is not a product cost under absorption costing: C. Variable manufacturing overhead.

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The value of the stock is b. $87.50 per share

Explanation:

Given: Dividend, D = $7 per share

Discount rate, r = 8%

We need to find the value of the stock using the Discount Dividend Model

Formula: The value of the stock = D / (r – g)

where D is the dividend,

r is the discount rate,

and g is the expected growth rate.

Suppose the dividend is expected to grow at a rate of g. Here, the dividend is not expected to grow, so g = 0.

Then, the formula will be: Value of stock = D / r

Now, substituting the given values: Value of stock = 7 / 8% = $87.50 per share

Therefore, the correct option is b. $87.50 per share.

To learn more about “dividends” refer to the https://brainly.com/question/2960815

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