If you made an internal (dispositional), stable attribution for Roger's promotion, you might be thinking that he is a highly capable and hardworking person.
The stable attribution can mean that Roger has consistently demonstrated such qualities, which led to his promotion. Being promoted to senior vice president is a significant accomplishment, and it may suggest that Roger has qualities that are valuable to his organization. In psychology, attributions refer to the inferences or assumptions we make about the cause of an event or behavior.
Dispositional attribution refers to the assumption that the behavior was caused by an individual's personality or traits. On the other hand, situational attribution is the assumption that the behavior was caused by external circumstances. Stable attribution refers to an assumption that the behavior will be consistent over time, while unstable attribution implies that the behavior is likely to change in the future.
Learn more about attribution here:
brainly.com/question/15172333
#SPJ11
the fact that autobiographical memories can include tactile elements demonstrates that these types of memories area. semantic b. multidimensional c. reconsolidated d. illusory
The fact that autobiographical memories can include tactile elements demonstrates that these types of memories are multidimensional.
What is an autobiographical memory? Autobiographical memory is a person's ability to recall past events, experiences, and personal facts from memory. This can range from a fleeting moment to a significant occurrence that impacts the person's life. These memories can be utilized to understand oneself and other people, as well as to assist with planning for the future.
Meaning of the term "multidimensional"Multidimensional refers to the idea that a given thing can be evaluated from several angles or perspectives. When something is multidimensional, it has several aspects or components. As a result, when a memory is multidimensional, it means it has various components that make it unique and authentic to the individual who experienced it.
Learn more about autobiographical here: https://brainly.com/question/4007325
#SPJ11
which of the following ethical principles focuses on the common good rather than on individual rights? question 5 options: formalism narcissism libertinism utilitarianism hedonism
The ethical principle that focuses on the common good rather than on individual rights is utilitarianism.
What is utilitarianism?Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that emphasizes maximizing overall happiness or pleasure and reducing overall suffering. It is a form of consequentialism, implying that the morality of an action is dependent on its consequences. It is often contrasted with deontological ethical theories, which emphasize following moral principles or duties, such as the principle of individual rights.
It holds that the most ethical action is the one that maximizes overall happiness or pleasure and reduces overall suffering or pain, for the greatest number of people possible. The ethical principle that focuses on the common good rather than on individual rights is utilitarianism.
Learn more about utilitarianism here:
brainly.com/question/29313132
#SPJ11
You clap with delight when your young son picks up a spoon. You laugh and applaud when he later brings the spoon toward his mouth. When he places the spoon in his mouth you hug and kiss him all over. It is MOST likely that you _____.
are using shaping to teach your son to eat with spoon
When you clap with delight when your young son picks up a spoon, laugh and applaud when he later brings the spoon toward his mouth, and place the spoon in his mouth, hugging and kissing him all over, it is MOST likely that you are using shaping to teach your son to eat with spoon.
What is shaping in psychology?Shaping, a term derived from B.F. Skinner's pioneering experiments, refers to the teaching method in which an individual is rewarded for performing an action or a series of actions that lead to a desired response.
Reinforcement is given when the person takes a step forward toward a goal in shaping, allowing them to learn gradually and acquire new skills.
Learn more about shaping at
https://brainly.com/question/30638448
#SPJ11
___________ involve bringing the suspect back to the scene of the crime or the location of the witness to see if the witness can identify the suspect as the perpetrator.
Identification parade involved in bringing the suspect back to the scene of the crime or the location of the witness to see if the witness can identify the suspect as the perpetrator.
What is an identification parade?An identification parade is a legal procedure used to recognize suspects involved in a crime by bringing them before witnesses or victims in order to identify the perpetrator. The police conduct this procedure with the intention of ascertaining whether a particular person who has been charged with an offense was involved in the crime in question.
A suspect may be asked to stand in a line with other persons, or may be required to perform other acts, such as walking or talking, in order to facilitate identification. The suspect's lawyer is always present during the parade, which is conducted by an identification officer.
Learn more about perpetrator here:
brainly.com/question/26767288
#SPJ11
Henry Ford was an entrepreneur who started the Ford Motor Company in 1903. One innovation that drastically improved productivity for his company was the
A.
mechanical reaper.
B.
telegraph.
C.
moving assembly line.
D.
cotton gin.
Match the correct label to each map to explain what the two maps of the Barrow plantation in Georgia reveal about the effects of emancipation on rural life in the South.
Maps of the Barrow plantation in 1860: In 1860, slaves lived in communal quarters near the owner's house.
Maps of the Barrow plantation 1881: In 1881, former slaves working as sharecroppers lived all over the plantation.
What was the effects of emancipation on rural life in the Georgia?The effects of emancipation on rural life in Georgia were significant and far-reaching. Following the end of slavery, African Americans in Georgia faced new challenges and opportunities as they sought to build new lives and communities in the face of ongoing discrimination and inequality.
The most significant impacts of emancipation was the transformation of Georgia's agricultural economy. With the loss of their enslaved labor force, many white plantation owners struggled to adapt to the new economic realities of the post-emancipation era.
Some turned to sharecropping and tenant farming, in which former slaves and poor whites rented land and worked for a share of the crops. This system often resulted in debt and poverty for tenant farmers, who lacked the resources and bargaining power to secure fair terms from landowners.
Read more about emancipation
brainly.com/question/27477048
#SPJ1
what is the airline experiment to make boarding less awful
The airline experiment to make boarding less awful involves using a new boarding process called "outside-in" or "reverse pyramid" boarding. Instead of boarding passengers by seat sections, the process starts with passengers seated in the back of the plane and moves forward.
This method is based on the idea that passengers with seats at the back of the plane can board quickly and easily, without having to pass through other passengers already seated. This process reduces the time passengers spend standing in the aisle and waiting to reach their seats. The airline experiment also involves using advanced technology, such as facial recognition and biometric scanning, to speed up the boarding process. This technology can quickly and accurately identify passengers, verify their identity, and match them to their boarding pass and seat assignment. This reduces the time and effort required for manual ticket checks and allows for a more efficient boarding process.
To learn more about airline refer to:
brainly.com/question/17469342
#SPJ4
Eric, a novice salesman, works for a pharmaceutical company. He is heading out on a sales trip. Which of the following should he follow to succeed in his sales effort?
A. He should offer one-sided messages.
B. He should use logic regardless of the audience and the message.
C. He should ask a small favor before making a big request.
D. He should go in the middle for best results.
Eric, a novice salesman, works for a pharmaceutical company. He is heading out on a sales trip. He should ask a small favor before making a big request to succeed in his sales effort. Hence option C. is correct.
What should Eric, a novice salesman, follow to succeed in his sales effort?Eric, a novice salesman, works for a pharmaceutical company. To succeed in his sales effort, he should ask a small favor before making a big request.
Eric should request small commitments that are much simpler for customers to say yes to before proceeding to more significant commitments.
This approach helps establish trust and commitment from the customers while also aiding in the sale of products.
It is possible that he might offer one-sided messages to present the product in the most favourable light, but such messages are only effective in specific cases where the product is self-explanatory.
Hence option C. He should ask a small favor before making a big request is correct.
Learn more about sales effort here:
brainly.com/question/29814898
#SPJ11
... ratings from voters in their district. when the congress investigates federal agencies to make sure that they are following US laws, it is exercising.
When Congress investigates federal agencies to ensure they are following US laws, it is exercising its oversight function.
What does the term oversight mean?The term "oversight" refers to the authority, power, and duties that a legislative body has over the activities of other governmental entities such as executive agencies and departments.
Congress, for example, performs oversight functions over the executive branch and its departments, divisions, bureaus, and other entities to ensure that they are following federal laws, regulations, and procedures properly. Congress can use its authority to investigate or hold hearings to look into allegations of misconduct, waste, or corruption in the executive branch or its departments, and if necessary, take corrective action.
Learn more about Legislative oversight at https://brainly.com/question/1200266
#SPJ11
True or False, a (bring your own device) byod policy is a statement concerning employees' permissions and responsibilities when they use their own device for organizational business.
True, a (bring your own device) BYOD policy is a statement concerning employees' permissions and responsibilities when they use their own device for organizational business.
What is BYOD policy?BYOD (bring your own device) policy is a statement that outlines an organization's acceptable use of personal devices for work purposes. It describes the specific devices that are permitted, who is authorized to use them, and the security standards that must be followed when using those devices.
BYOD policies include guidelines for employees and help ensure that sensitive business information is protected. It is the company's responsibility to ensure that employees use devices properly and to educate them about security procedures to minimize the risk of a data breach.
The organization's BYOD policy must be regularly reviewed and updated to reflect changing security threats and technological advancements. However, not every company requires a BYOD policy. It is up to the company's management to decide whether or not a BYOD policy is needed for their employees.
A BYOD policy is not necessary for companies that do not require their employees to use their personal devices for work purposes.
Learn more about BYOD (bring your own device) policy here:
brainly.com/question/29556030
#SPJ11
how has the migration of europeans in the past affected the distribution of cultural groups in the united states today?
Now a majority of American ethnic groups trace their ancestry to Europe. This is how the migration of Europeans has affected the distribution of cultural groups in the United States today.
The bulk of immigrants from the British Isles migrated to Europe during the first significant wave of immigration in the 16th to 18th century, attracted by the nation's wealth and religious freedom. Wealthy individuals and indentured servants were included among the first wave of immigration. People who had escaped political turmoil, religious persecution, and starvation from Ireland, Germany, and Scandinavia made comprised the subsequent wave of European immigration, which came in the 1840s and 1850s. Several Europeans kept moving in in the United States after that, as they did in 2016.
New cultural and social patterns were developed as a result of European immigration to new colonies in the Americas. In Asia and Africa, Europeans founded colonies and trading centers. European exploration of the Americas led to a trade in goods and resources between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
To learn more about European immigration, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/28667302
#SPJ4
how does behavior take place at two levels, an observable physical level and a unobservable mental level, and how self-leadership strategies influences behavior at both levels.
Behavior takes place at two levels, an observable physical level, and an unobservable mental level. The self-leadership strategy influences behavior at both levels.
Behavior takes place at two levels, an observable physical level, and an unobservable mental level.
Observable behavior is behavior that can be seen by others. Observable behavior includes the behavior that can be seen and heard, such as smiling, talking, nodding, and walking. It is the behavior that is easily identified by others. It is the behavior that can be measured and observed by others.
Unobservable behavior is behavior that cannot be seen by others. Unobservable behavior includes behavior that is not observable, such as thinking, feeling, and sensing. It is the behavior that is experienced by the individual, but not seen or observed by others.
Self-leadership strategies influence behavior at both levels.
Help individuals to develop behaviors that will help them achieve their goals. Influence observable behavior by helping individuals to identify the behaviors that they need to perform to achieve their goals. Influence unobservable behavior by helping individuals to identify the thoughts, feelings, and sensations that they need to have to achieve their goals. Influence behavior at both levels by helping individuals to identify and develop the behaviors that will help them achieve their goals.Therefore, the self-leadership strategy has the ability to affect behavior at both the observable physical level and the unobservable mental level.
To know more about unobservable behavior click here:
https://brainly.com/question/28245123
#SPJ11
Economic growth initially leads to __________.
A) decrease in leisure time
B) lower pollution
C) higher living standards
Economic growth initially leads to higher living standards. So the correct answer is option C.
Economic growth refers to the increase in a country's production and consumption of goods and services. Economic growth is measured by the gross domestic product (GDP) of a nation. GDP is the total value of a country's goods and services produced in a given period, usually a year. Economic growth has a significant effect on various sectors of the economy, such as jobs, wages, government revenue, and standard of living. Initially, economic growth leads to higher living standards as it creates more job opportunities, which, in turn, increases people's income.
Learn more about economic growth: https://brainly.com/question/12148347
#SPJ11
Private solutions produce efficient solutions to the problem of externalities, whereas public solutions do not.
True or False
False. Both private and public solutions can produce efficient solutions to externalities, depending on the specific circumstances of the situation.
Private solutions, such as negotiation between parties or the use of market-based instruments like taxes and subsidies, can incentivize individuals and firms to internalize the costs and benefits of their actions, leading to more efficient outcomes.
Public solutions, such as regulations and public provision of goods and services, can also internalize externalities by setting standards or providing public goods that create positive externalities, leading to more efficient outcomes.
Ultimately, the effectiveness of any solution depends on the nature of the externality, the behavior of the parties involved, and the feasibility of implementing and enforcing the solution.
To know more about circumstances click here:
brainly.com/question/14485159
#SPJ4
abraham maslow believed that group of answer choices :a. most people do not want to become self-actualized b. most people are self-actualized c. few people are self-actualized d. most people can become self-actualized
According to Abraham Maslow, most people can become self-actualized. For tthat reason, the correct option is D.
This is an idea that comes from humanism, a branch of psychology that focuses on people's innate goodness and potential to grow and develop throughout life.
What is self-actualization?Self-actualization is the process by which a person develops and realizes their full potential, achieving a deep sense of fulfillment and purpose in life. It is the highest level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which is a framework for understanding human motivation and behavior.
The key characteristics of self-actualized people include a strong sense of autonomy and independence, a deep appreciation for life and the world around them, and a desire to make a positive impact on others. They are also known for their exceptional creativity, problem-solving skills, and judgment.
Abraham Maslow said that all people have the potential to become self-actualized, but only a few actually do so. The reason for this is that many people are held back by external factors such as poverty, illness, or discrimination, while others are simply not interested in pursuing self-actualization.
Learn more about Abraham Maslow: https://brainly.com/question/29536503
#SPJ11
what do research studies show about the role of gender identity among white children compared to minority (black and hispanic) children in the u.s.?
Research studies indicate that gender identity plays a critical role in the psychological well-being of minority children in comparison to white children in the United States.
In the United States, minority (Black and Hispanic) children are found to be more vulnerable to discrimination, bias, and prejudice compared to white children due to their minority status.
The psychological health and well-being of these minority children are therefore impacted by these prejudicial experiences. Thus, gender identity plays a more significant role in minority children compared to white children in the United States.
Gender identity has been linked to disparities in mental health among minority children in the United States. Minority children with gender identity issues are more vulnerable to sui/cide attempts and ideation compared to white children with the same challenges.
See more about gender identity at https://brainly.com/question/3474850
#SPJ11
Judith Lorber believes that gender is a social institution because it:
a. is within an institution (hospital) that our gender first emerges.
b. is a social construction instead of a biological construction.
c. is a major structure organizing our day-to-day experiences.
d. is similar to other major institutions in our society.
Judith Lorber believes that gender is a social institution because it "is a major structure organizing our day-to-day experiences" (Option C).
Gender, as a social institution, refers to the social roles, behaviors, and expectations that society has assigned to individuals based on their sex categories. Gender is a social construction instead of a biological construction, according to Judith Lorber.
This implies that gender is not fixed and unchanging across cultures or across time. Rather, gender is a set of cultural practices that are subject to change based on social and historical contexts, and is created by societies to suit their specific needs or desires.Based on the given options, the correct option would be: Option (c) is a major structure organizing our day-to-day experiences.
You can learn more about Gender at
https://brainly.com/question/18093714
#SPJ11
Individualism may result in a high degree of managerial mobility which might help a person increase his or her salary but can also result in a manager with Blank______.
a remote pilot-in-command and a visual observer define their roles and responsibilities prior to and during the operation of a small unmanned aircraft. this is a good use of
Yes, this is a good use of the Remote Pilot-in-Command (RPIC) and Visual Observer (VO) roles and responsibilities. Both the RPIC and VO are required to know and adhere to the rules and regulations set by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).
Prior to the operation, they must communicate and agree upon the roles and responsibilities of each other, as well as the operation of the small unmanned aircraft.
During the operation, they must monitor the airspace, and make sure that the aircraft is operated safely and in accordance with all applicable FAA regulations.
TO KNOW ABOUT Remote Pilot-in-Command:
https://brainly.com/question/28385702
#SPJ11
the chairperson of the history department wants to determine the average gpa (grade point average) of history majors, but only at her university. she compiles a list of the gpas of all the history majors at the university and calculates the average. the chairperson is working with data from a or an . this is unusual, as most studies use .
The chairperson of the history department is working with data from a population, rather than a sample. This is unusual, as most studies use samples.
To calculate the average GPA of history majors at the university, the chairperson compiles a list of the GPA of all the history majors and then calculates the average, which is known as a population average or population mean.
The chairperson of the history department wants to determine the average GPA (Grade Point Average) of history majors but only at her university. She compiles a list of the GPAs of all the history majors at the university and calculates the average. The chairperson is working with data from a sample or an observational study. This is unusual, as most studies use a sample to determine the averages.
You can.learn more about GPA here:
https://brainly.com/question/11322891
#SPJ11
what is the main function of the u.s. state department?
Higher grades in college and greater motivation to set goals and pursue them are behaviors that have been linked to which big five traits?
Conscientiousness, openness to experience, and emotional stability are the Big Five personality traits that have been linked to both high grades and increased motivation in college.
What is Conscientiousness?Conscientiousness is a Big Five personality trait that refers to a person's inclination to act in an organized, thoughtful, and responsible manner. Individuals who score highly in conscientiousness are frequently referred to as dependable and reliable, with a strong work ethic and a keen sense of responsibility for their own activities.
What is openness to experience?Openness is a personality trait that is characterized by the desire for novelty and variety. Openness is frequently associated with a willingness to experiment and take risks, as well as a desire to learn new things and embrace new challenges.
Learn more about Conscientiousness here:
brainly.com/question/11372064
#SPJ11
intelligence refers to the ability to analyze, judge, evaluate, compare, and contrast. multiple choice question. imaginative analytical practical creative
Intelligence refers to the ability to analyze, judge, evaluate, compare, and contrast. Analytical is the correct option that represents intelligence.
Analytical intelligence is the ability to dissect a problem or situation, establish the underlying structure of the situation, and devise a method for solving it.
Analytical intelligence is the capacity to think critically, solve problems, and make choices based on prior knowledge and experience. It is considered to be one of the most essential types of intelligence.
Practical intelligence is the ability to get things done. In other words, practical intelligence is the capacity to put knowledge into action. It is important in our everyday lives.
Creative intelligence is the ability to come up with original ideas. It is the capacity to envision new concepts and develop innovative solutions to problems.
Imaginative intelligence is the ability to visualize and imagine things. It is related to the capacity to think creatively and to form pictures in the mind.
Therefore, the correct answer is analytical.
Learn more about Intelligence here:
https://brainly.com/question/12774131
#SPJ11
_____ is a technique that works based on the norm for social commitment, whereas _____ is a technique that works based on people's self-related attitudes shifting in a situation.
The first technique described is foot-in-the-door, and the second technique is cognitive dissonance.
The first technique referred to in the question is the foot-in-the-door technique, which works by starting with a small request and gradually escalating to a larger one. This technique is based on the norm for social commitment, which suggests that people tend to be consistent with their previous actions and decisions.
The second technique is the door-in-the-face technique, which involves starting with a large request that is likely to be rejected and then following it up with a smaller, more reasonable request. This technique works by leveraging the psychological principle of reciprocity, where people feel compelled to reciprocate a favor or concession.
You can learn more about cognitive dissonance at
https://brainly.com/question/15205831
#SPJ11
_________ involves all activities to define customer requirements, design a network and enable a firm to meet customer requests while minimizing the total delivered cost as well as filling customer orders.
Supply chain management involves all activities to define customer requirements, design a network, and enable a firm to meet customer requests while minimizing the total delivered cost as well as filling customer orders.
What is Supply Chain Management (SCM)?Supply Chain Management (SCM) is the management of goods and services from raw material sources to final end-users. The objective of the SCM approach is to improve the efficiency of the movement of goods and services while lowering the overall cost of operations. The key to successful SCM is the close relationship between all parties involved, particularly the consumer and the producer.
Supply chain management (SCM) is defined as the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the flow of goods and services, information, and finances from the point of origin to the point of use in order to meet customer demands while minimizing the total cost of ownership. SCM encompasses all the activities that occur in the product life cycle from the creation of the product to its delivery to the end user.
SCM involves managing and controlling all aspects of the supply chain, including inventory management, transportation and logistics, supplier management, and customer service.
Thus the correct answer is Supply chain management.
To know more about Supply chain management refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/29241738
#SPJ11
while sylvia has not asked teenage consumers any questions, she has noted that they tend to purchase green nail polish, as opposed to purple. which research method has sylvia used? a. survey cross out b. experimentation cross out c. focus groups cross out d. nominal scaling cross out e. observation
Sylvia has used the research method of e. observation, as she has not asked teenage consumers any questions but has noted that they tend to purchase green nail polish, as opposed to purple.
Observation is a process of data collection in which researchers record behaviors and events without communicating with the participants. It is a useful tool for gathering preliminary information about the study topic. Observations can be made in natural or laboratory settings.
Observation can be classified into two categories, including structured observation and unstructured observation. In structured observation, researchers record specific behaviors while in unstructured observation, researchers record everything they see, hear, and feel.
The following are the different research methods that can be used in research studies:
ExperimentsFocus groupsSurveyNominal scalingObservationIn conclusion, the method used by Sylvia in her research is observation.
To know more about observation click here:
https://brainly.com/question/14897780
#SPJ11
For off-campus work-study positions, students should contact the
A. Student services office
B. Financial aid office
C. Dean of student occupations
D. Off-campus student services office
For off-campus work-study positions, students should contact the financial aid office. Thus, the correct option is (B).
Student financial assistance in the United States is money that is only accessible to students who are enrolled in post-secondary educational institutions in the United States. This grant is provided to help with the high expenditures associated with pursuing post-secondary education.
Scholarships, grants, student loans, and work-study programs are all examples of financial help for students. Each of these techniques of giving financial assistance to students has advantages and disadvantages.
Financial aid may have only a tertiary relationship to educational rank in nations that give education to all at no cost, instead related to the economic situations of the family, and financial support for students is mostly indirect.
Therefore, the correct option is "B".
To know more about financial aid, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/28214219
#SPJ12
are societies in which people have differential access to valued resources, including land and property, social prestige, wealth, and political power.
Societies in which people have differential access to valued resources, including land and property, social prestige, wealth, and political power, are known as stratified societies. Stratified societies are hierarchical, meaning that people at higher levels of the structure have greater access to resources, while those at the lower levels have less access.
In stratified societies, people are grouped into different classes, castes, or strata based on their socioeconomic status, power, or prestige. In stratified societies, social prestige and wealth are often linked. Individuals who have high levels of social prestige are often also wealthy and have access to valuable resources like land, property, and political power. However, this is not always the case, and social prestige and wealth do not always go hand in hand.
For more information on Social stratification, visit
https://brainly.com/question/12245475
#SPJ11
Which of the following statements, if true, would most directly challenge the principles of formalist criticism?A. the capacity to interpret a work of literature varies from reader to readerB. good literature is more than just effective rhetoricC. Knowledge of the author's intentions is not usually reliableD. The social and historical contexts of a work of literature cannot be ignored
If true, would most directly challenge the principles of formalist criticism is the social and historical contexts of a work of literature cannot be ignored, option D is correct.
The social and historical contexts of a work of literature cannot be ignored. Formalist criticism is based on the idea that a work of literature should be judged on its own terms without reference to the external circumstances in which it was written.
This means that the social and historical contexts of a work are not taken into consideration. Therefore, a statement which acknowledges that these contexts can't be ignored would directly challenge the principles of formalist criticism.
The statement which would most directly challenge the principles of formalist criticism is "Knowledge of the author's intentions is not usually reliable". Formalism is an approach to literary criticism that emphasizes the formal aspects of a work of literature.
It emphasizes the form, structure, tone, imagery, and literary techniques used in the work of literature. The literary work is seen as a self-contained entity with its structure and organization as the primary focus of the reader. Formalism was introduced in the early 20th century by Russian Formalists, who wanted to distance themselves from historical and cultural contexts.
The principles of formalist criticism include close reading of the literary work, focusing on the form, structure, tone, imagery, and literary techniques used in the work of literature. It emphasizes the self-contained nature of the literary work, without regard to historical or cultural contexts.
The statement which would most directly challenge the principles of formalist criticism is "Knowledge of the author's intentions is not usually reliable". This statement suggests that the author's intentions should be taken into account while analyzing the literary work, which goes against the principles of formalist criticism.
To know more about formalist criticism, refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/11975050#
#SPJ11
As part of a memory test, Yosra was given a list of words that included dog, pail and hate. Later, she recalled these words as log, whale, and late. Yosra's errors in recall suggest that she encoded the original word list
A. phonemically.
B. structurally.
C. semantically.
D. retroactively.
Yosra's errors in recall suggest that she encoded the original word list phonemically. The correct answer is option a.
What is phonemic encoding?Phonemic encoding is the conversion of sensory input into the form of a sound. A person who reads a word visually, for example, may hear it spoken inside their head as part of the phonemic encoding process, while someone who hears it spoken aloud may make an association with a visual image. A person's short-term memory and recall are influenced by how well they encode information phonemically. Yosra's error in recall suggests that she encoded the original word list phonemically. In other words, she remembered the words in terms of their sound, rather than their meanings (semantically) or structure (structurally). As a result, she swapped similar-sounding letters like "d" and "l" when recalling the words.
Learn more about Phonemic encoding here: https://brainly.com/question/26037617
#SPJ11
