You are given the sample mean and the population standard deviation. Use this information to construct the 90% and 95% confidence intervals for the population mean. Interpret the results and compare the widths of the confidence intervals. From a random sample of business days, the mean closing price of a certain stock was $. Assume the population standard deviation is $. The 90% confidence interval is ( nothing, nothing). (Round to two decimal places as needed.) The 95% confidence interval is ( nothing, nothing). (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Which interval is wider? Choose the correct answer below
Answers
Complete Question
The complete question is shown on the first uploaded image
Answer:
The 90% confidence interval is [tex][108.165 ,112.895][/tex]
The 95% confidence interval is [tex][107.7123 ,113.3477][/tex]
The correct option is D
Step-by-step explanation:
From the question we are told that
The sample size is n = 48
The sample mean is [tex]\= x = \$ 110.53[/tex]
The standard deviation is [tex]\sigma = \$ 9.96[/tex]
Considering first question
Given that the confidence level is 90% then the level of significance is mathematically represented as
[tex]\alpha = (100 - 90)\%[/tex]
[tex]\alpha = 0.10[/tex]
The critical value of [tex]\frac{\alpha }{2}[/tex] from the normal distribution table is
[tex]Z_{\frac{\alpha }{2} } = 1.645[/tex]
Generally the margin of error is mathematically represented as
[tex]E = ZZ_{ \frac{x}{y} } * \frac{\sigma}{ \sqrt{n} }[/tex]
[tex]E = 1.645 * \frac{9.96}{ \sqrt{ 48} }[/tex]
[tex]E = 2.365[/tex]
The 90% confidence interval is
[tex]\= x - E < \mu < \= x + E[/tex]
=> [tex]110.53 - 2.365 < \mu < 110.53 + 2.365[/tex]
=> [tex]108.165 < \mu < 112.895[/tex]
Considering second question
Given that the confidence level is 95% then the level of significance is mathematically represented as
[tex]\alpha = (100 - 95)\%[/tex]
[tex]\alpha = 0.05[/tex]
The critical value of [tex]\frac{\alpha }{2}[/tex] from the normal distribution table is
[tex]Z_{\frac{\alpha }{2} } = 1.96[/tex]
Generally the margin of error is mathematically represented as
[tex]E = Z_{ \frac{x}{y} } * \frac{\sigma}{ \sqrt{n} }[/tex]
[tex]E = 1.96 * \frac{9.96}{ \sqrt{ 48} }[/tex]
[tex]E = 2.8177[/tex]
The 95% confidence interval is
[tex]\= x - E < \mu < \= x + E[/tex]
=> [tex]110.53 - 2.8177 < \mu < 110.53 + 2.8177[/tex]
=> [tex]107.7123 < \mu < 113.3477[/tex]
Related Questions
James stand at the centre of a regular field. he first take 50 steps North then 25 step West and finally 50 steps on the bearing of 315°.
i. sketch James movement
ii. how far west is James final point from the centre?
iii. how far north is James final point from the centre?
iv. describe how you would guide a jhs student to find the bearing and distance of James final point from the centre.
Answers
Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
i. For navigation purposes, bearing is measured clockwise from north. In (x, y) coordinates, a distance D at a bearing B will have coordinates ...
(x, y) = (Dsin(B), Dcos(B))
Then 50 steps north (bearing 0°) will put James at coordinates ...
(x, y) = (50sin(0), 50cos(0)) = (0, 50)
The movement 25 steps west (bearing 270°) will add a displacement of ...
(x, y) = (25sin(270°), 25cos(270°)) = (-25, 0)
Finally, the movement of 50 steps on bearing 315° will add a displacement of ...
(x, y) = (50sin(315°), 50cos(315°)) = (-25√2, 25√2)
These movements are shown by the arrows to N, W, and F in the attached diagram.
__
ii. James's final displacement is the sum of the individual displacements:
(0, 50) +(-25, 0) +(-25√2, 25√2) = (-25(1+√2), 25(2+√2))
James is 25(1+√2) ≈ 60.4 steps west of center.
__
iii. James is 25(2+√2) ≈ 85.4 steps north of center.
__
iv. The distance can be found using the Pythagorean theorem (or distance formula). The distance from the origin to the final position (OF in the diagram) will be the root of the sum of the squares of the north and west displacements:
distance = √(85.355² +60.355²)
distance ≈ 104.5 steps
The bearing can be found using the arctangent function. The diagram shows you the reference angle (relative to the +y direction) has an opposite side equal to the west displacement, and an adjacent side equal to the north displacement. Then the bearing angle (β) will be ...
tan(β) = opposite/adjacent = -60.355/85.355
β ≈ arctan(-0.707106) ≈ -35.3°
The positive bearing angle is 360° added to this, or
bearing = 324.7°
As a bowling instructor, you calculate your students' averages during tournaments. In 5 games, one bowler had the following scores: 143, 156, 172, 133, and 167. What was that bowler's average?
Answers
Answer:
154.2
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the average of the bowlers scores, you have to find the mean by adding the values and dividing by the number of values.
To find the bowlers average add the scores and divide by the number of games.
143+156+172+133+167/5=154.2 is the average score for the bowler.
Evaluate the following expressions: 2(−1 + 3) − 7
Answers
Answer:
-3 is the answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
=2(-1+3)-7
=2(2)-7
=4-7
=-3
Hope it will help you :)
Gail paid a total of $12,000 for stock that was $6 per share. If she sold all her shares for $18,000, how much profit on each share did she make?
A
$9
B
$3
С.
S2000
D
$6.000
Answers
Answer:
$3
Step-by-step explanation:
Given
Total Cost Price: $12,000
Unit Cost Price= $6
Total Selling Price = $18,000
Required
Determine the profit on each share
First, we need to determine the units of share bought;
Units = Total cost price / Unit Cost Price
[tex]Units = \frac{\$12000}{\$6}[/tex]
[tex]Units = 2000[/tex]
Next is to determine the selling price of each share; This is calculated as follows;
Unit Selling Price = Total Selling Price / Units Sold
[tex]Unit\ Selling\ Price = \frac{\$18000}{\$2000}[/tex]
[tex]Unit\ Selling\ Price = \$9[/tex]
The profit is the difference between the unit cost price and unit selling price
[tex]Profit = Unit\ Selling\ Price - Unit\ Cost\ Price[/tex]
[tex]Profit = \$9 - \$6[/tex]
[tex]Profit = \$3[/tex]
An old campfire is uncovered during an archaeological dig. Its charcoal is found to contain less than 1/1000 the normal amount of ^{14}\text{C} 14 C. Estimate the minimum age of the charcoal, noting that
Answers
An old campfire is uncovered during an archaeological dig. Its charcoal is found to contain less than 1/1000 the normal amount of [tex]^{14}\text{C}[/tex] . Estimate the minimum age of the charcoal, noting that [tex]2^{10} = 1024[/tex]
Answer:
57300 years
Step-by-step explanation:
Using the relation of an half-life time in relation to fraction which can be expressed as:
[tex]\dfrac{N}{N_o} = (\dfrac{1}{2})^{\frac{t}{t_{1/2}}[/tex]
here;
N represents the present atom
[tex]N_o[/tex] represents the initial atom
t represents the time
[tex]t_{1/2}[/tex] represents the half - life
Given that:
Its charcoal is found to contain less than 1/1000 the normal amount of [tex]^{14}\text{C}[/tex] .
Then ;
[tex]\dfrac{N}{N_o} = \dfrac{1}{1000}[/tex]
However; we are to estimate the minimum age of the charcoal, noting that [tex]2^{10} = 1024[/tex]
so noting that [tex]2^{10} = 1024[/tex], then:
[tex]\dfrac{1}{1000}> \dfrac{1}{1024}[/tex]
[tex]\dfrac{1}{1000}> \dfrac{1}{2^{10}}[/tex]
[tex]\dfrac{1}{1000}> (\dfrac{1}{2})^{10}[/tex]
If
[tex]\dfrac{N}{N_o} = \dfrac{1}{1000}[/tex]
Then
[tex]\dfrac{N}{N_o} > (\dfrac{1}{2})^{10}[/tex]
Therefore, the estimate of the minimum time needed is 10 half-life time.
For [tex]^{14}\text{C}[/tex] , the normal half-life time = 5730 years
As such , the estimate of the minimum age of the charcoal = 5730 years × 10
= 57300 years
Quadrilateral RSTV is dilated with respect to the origin by a scale factor of 1.5 to produce quadrilateral R'S'T'V' . Vertex R is located at (6, -9). Which ordered pair represents R' after the dilation?
Answers
Answer:
(9, -13.5)
Step-by-step explanation:
It's given in the question that a quadrilateral RSTV is dilated with a scale factor of 1.5 with respect to the origin to form R'S'T'V'.
Rule for dilation is,
(x, y) → (kx, ky)
where 'k' is the scale factor.
If vertex R of the quadrilateral is (6, -9),
By the given rule of dilation,
R(6, 9) → R'[(1.5 × 6), -(1.5 × 9)]
→ R'(9, -13.5)
Therefore, Option given in bottom right (9, -13.5) will be the answer.
Consider these five values a population: 7, 4, 6, 4, and 7. Determine the mean of the population. (Round your answer to 1 decimal place.)
Answers
Answer:
[tex]Mean = 5.6[/tex]
Step-by-step explanation:
Given
[tex]7,4,6,4,7[/tex]
Required
Determine the mean
Mean is calculated as thus;
[tex]Mean = \frac{\sum x}{n}[/tex]
Where n is the number of observation;
In this case;
[tex]n = 5[/tex]
and [tex]\sum x[/tex] is the sum of the observations
The expression becomes
[tex]Mean = \frac{7+4+6+4+7}{5}[/tex]
[tex]Mean = \frac{28}{5}[/tex]
[tex]Mean = 5.6[/tex]
Hence, the mean of the population is 5.6
Each side of a quilt square measures approximately 4.25 inches. If there are about 2.54 centimeters in 1 inch, how long is each side of the square in centimeters? Use complete sentences to explain your reasoning.
Answers
Answer: approximately 10.8 centimeters
Step-by-step explanation:
We have a square, where each side measures approx. 4.25 in
Now we know that 1in ≈ 2.54 cm
Then, in 4.25 in, we have 4.25 times 1 inch, so we have 4.25 times the length of 2.54 cm
So the approximate measure of the sides in centimeters is:
4.25*(2.54)cm = 10.8 cm
So we have that each side measures approximately 10.8 centimeters
Solve x2 + 9x + 8 = 0 by completing the square. What are the solutions?
O (1.-8)
O (1.8)
O (-1-8)
Answers
Explanation:
x^2 + 9x + 8 = 0
x^2 + 9x = -8
Add (9/2)^2 to both sides
x^2 + 9x + (9/2)^2 = -8 + (9/2)^2
(x + 9/2)^2 = -8 + 81/4
(x + 9/2)^2 = -32/4 + 81/4
(x + 9/2)^2 = 49/4
Square root both sides
Sqrt (x + 9/2)^2 = sqrt 49/4
x + 9/2 = plus or minus 7/2
Set x + 9/2 = 7/2:
x + 9/2 = 7/2
x = 7/2 - 9/2
x = -2/2 = -1
Set x + 9/2 = -7/2:
x + 9/2 = -7/2
x = -7/2 - 9/2
x = -16/2 = -8
5) Suppose a slice of a 12-inch pizza has an area of 20 square inches. What is the angle of
this slice?
Answers
Answer:
The angle of the slice is 63.64 degrees
Step-by-step explanation:
Here in this question, we are concerned with calculating the angle of the slice.
What we should know are as follows;
1. A pizza is a perfect circular shape
2. A 12-inch pizza means the diameter of the pizza is 12 inches and consequently its radius will be 12/2 = 6 inches
3. A slice of a pizza represents a sector of the circle( a sector is part of a circle bounded by 2 radii and an arc)
Mathematically, to calculate the angle of the slice, we simply use the formula for the area of a sector.
Area of sector = theta/360 * pi * r^2
where Area of sector = 20 square inches
theta is the center angle we are looking for
r is the radius of the pizza which is 6 inches
Plugging these values into the area of sector equation, we have
20 = theta/360 * 22/7 * 6^2
20 = theta/10 * 22/7
22 theta = 10 * 20 * 7
theta = 1400/22
theta = 63.64 degrees which is approximately 64 degrees to the nearest degree
3. A medical devices company wants to know the number of MRI machines needed per day. A previous study found a standard deviation of four hours. How many MRI machines must the company study in order to have a margin of error of 0.5 hours when calculating a 90% confidence interval
Answers
Answer:
173 MRI machines
Step-by-step explanation:
Margin of error E = 0.5
Confidence interval 90% = 1-0.9 = 0.1
Standard deviation = 4 hours
Number of MRI machines needed per day n, = [(z alpha/2 * SD)/E]²
Z alpha/2 = 1.645 at alpha = 0.1
Inputting these values into n we have that
[(1.645*4)/0.5]²
= 13.16²
= 173.18 is approximately equal to 173
The company has to study 173 machines.
The points (-6,-4) and (3,5) are the endpoints of the diameter of a circle. Find the length of the radius of the circle.
The length of the radius is a
(Round to the nearest hundredth as needed.)
Answers
Answer:
40.5
Step-by-step explanation:
diameter^2 = (3 +6)^2 + (5+4)^2
or, d^2 = 9^2 + 9^2
or, d^2 = 81 +81
or,d^2 =162
or d=√ 162
• d= 81
then radius = d/2
r = 81/2
•r= 40.5 ans
Use technology to solve the following problem: A certain car model has a mean gas mileage of 30 miles per gallon (mpg) with a standard deviation A pizza delivery company buys 42 of these cars. What is the probability that the average mileage of the fleet is greater than
Answers
Answer:
The answer is below
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is not complete, let me solve a question that is exactly like this one.
A certain car model has a mean gas mileage of 34 miles per gallon (mpg) with a standard deviation 5 mpg. A pizza delivery company buys 43 of these cars. What is the probability that the average mileage of the fleet is greater than 33.5 mpg?
Answer:
Given that the mean (μ) is 34 miles per gallon (mpg) with a standard deviation (σ) 5 mpg. The sample (n) is 43.
The z score is used in statistics to determine by how much the raw score is above or below the mean. It is given by:
[tex]z=\frac{x-\mu}{\sigma} \\for\ a \ sample\ size:\\z=\frac{x-\mu}{\sigma/\sqrt{n} }[/tex]
For the average mileage of the fleet is greater than 33.5 mpg (x > 33.5):
[tex]z=\frac{x-\mu}{\sigma/\sqrt{n} }\\z=\frac{33.5-34}{5/\sqrt{43} } =-0.66[/tex]
From the normal distribution table, The probability that the average mileage of the fleet is greater than 33.5 mpg = P(x > 33.5) = P(z > -0.66) = 1 - P(z < -0.66) = 1 - 0.2546 = 0.7454 = 74.54%
Translate verbal expression to an algebraic expression
8 times a number x is subtracted by 4
Answers
Answer:
8x - 4
Step-by-step explanation:
8x - 4
Translated algebraically expression is 8x-4
What is expression?
Expressions is the defined as mathematical statements that have a minimum of two terms containing variables or numbers.
Given verbal expression that,
8 times a number x is subtracted by 4
(1) Let x = the unknown number.
(2) "8 times a number of x" is translated algebraically as 8x
(3) "same number x is subtracted by 4" is translated algebraically as 8x -4
Putting analyses together translated algebraically into the following equation as the result : 8x-4
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PLEASE HELP ASAP Madelyn drove a race car in a race. She averaged 55 mph and began the race 0.5 hours ahead of the other drivers. The variable d represents Madelyn's distance driven, in miles. The variable t represents the number of hours since the other drivers began to race. Which equation can be used to determine the distance Madelyn drove t hours into the race? d=55t−0.5 d=55(t+0.5) d=55(t−0.5) d = 55t + 0.5
Answers
Answer:
d=55(t+0.5)
Step-by-step explanation:
d=55(t+0.5)
Answer:
27.5
Step-by-step explanation:
determine the missing term x in the geometric sequence below
9,x,225
Answers
Answer:
45
Step-by-step explanation:
multiply 9 by 5 to get 45
then, multiply 45 by 5 to get 225
The geometric sequence is 5(previous number)
Need Help
Please Show Work
Answers
Answer:
18 - 8 * n = -6 * n
The number is 9
Step-by-step explanation:
Let n equal the number
Look for key words such as is which means equals
minus is subtract
18 - 8 * n = -6 * n
18 -8n = -6n
Add 8n to each side
18-8n +8n = -6n+8n
18 =2n
Divide each side by 2
18/2 = 2n/2
9 =n
The number is 9
━━━━━━━☆☆━━━━━━━
▹ Answer
n = 9
▹ Step-by-Step Explanation
18 - 8 * n = -6 * n
Simple numerical terms are written last:
-8n + 18 = -6n
Group all variable terms on one side and all constant terms on the other side:
(-8n + 18) + 8n = -6n + 8n
n = 9
Hope this helps!
CloutAnswers ❁
━━━━━━━☆☆━━━━━━━
A+B = 20
B+C= 30
C+ A= 40
C =?
Answers
55 I hope this helps you!
Write the following as an inequality: y is no greater than 4 but more than –2.
Answers
Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
First lets focus on, y is no greater than 4,
y < 4
Now we focus on, more than –2,
y > -2
Combining these inequalities get us,
-2 < y < 4
Answer:
-2<y≤4
Step-by-step explanation:
How do you find x when knowing the probability?
Answers
Answer:
x
Step-by-step explanation:
probability is the branch of mathematics concerning numeral descriptions of how likely an event is to occur or how likely it is that a proposition is true
2/5 × 3/7? please help
Answers
Answer:
[tex]\frac{2}{5}[/tex] • [tex]\frac{3}{7}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{6}{35}[/tex]
Answer: 0.171
Step-by-step explanation:
First, do 2/5 which would equal 0.4
Second, so 3/7 which would equal 0.428571428571429
Lastly multiply the two answers together to get 0.171428571428571
2. (1 pt) The following statement is true or false;
When we know the population standard deviation, o, we use a standard normal
distribution (z-score) to calculate the error bound EBM and construct the
confidence interval and when the population standard deviation, o, is unknown,
we use a Student's t distribution (t-score) to calculate the error bound EBM and
construct the confidence interval.
a. true
b. false
Answers
If you know the population standard deviation (sigma), then you use the Z distribution. If sigma is not known, then you use the T distribution.
Side note: Even if sigma is not known, you could use the Z distribution if the sample size n is greater than 30. If n > 30, then the T distribution is approximately about the same as the Z distribution.
If you randomly select a card from a well-shuffled standard deck of 52 cards, what is the probability that the card you select is a heart or Ace
Answers
Answer:
[tex]P(A\ or\ H) = \frac{4}{13}[/tex]
Step-by-step explanation:
Given
Number of Cards = 52
Required
Determine the probability of picking a heart or ace
Represent Ace with Ace and Heart = H
In a standard pack of cards; there are
[tex]n(A) = 4[/tex]
[tex]n(H) = 13[/tex]
[tex]n(A\ and\ H) = 1[/tex]
[tex]Total = 52[/tex]
Because the events are non mutually exclusive
[tex]P(A\ or\ H) = P(A) + P(H) - P(A\ and\ H)[/tex]
Where
[tex]P(A) = \frac{n(A)}{Total} = \frac{4}{52}[/tex]
[tex]P(H) = \frac{n(H)}{Total} = \frac{13}{52}[/tex]
[tex]P(A\ and\ H) = \frac{n(A\ and\ H)}{Total} = \frac{1}{52}[/tex]
Substitute these values in the above formula
[tex]P(A\ or\ H) = P(A) + P(H) - P(A\ and\ H)[/tex]
[tex]P(A\ or\ H) = \frac{4}{52} + \frac{13}{52} - \frac{1}{52}[/tex]
Take LCM
[tex]P(A\ or\ H) = \frac{4 + 13 - 1}{52}[/tex]
[tex]P(A\ or\ H) = \frac{16}{52}[/tex]
Reduce fraction to lowest term
[tex]P(A\ or\ H) = \frac{4}{13}[/tex]
Hence, probability of a heart or ace is 4/13
Is y = 8x -15 a function?
Answers
Answer:
Hey there!
A function only has one y value for every x value, so this is a function. Additionally, all linear equations (that are in the y=mx+b form) are functions.
Hope this helps :)
No, the graph suggests that the increase in adoptions from 2000 to 2005 was less significant than it actually is. No, the graph suggests that the increase in adoptions from 2000 to 2005 was more significant than it actually is. Yes, the graph fairly and accurately depicts the data in an objective manner.
Answers
Answer: No, the graph suggests that the increase in adoptions from 2000 to 2005 was more significant than it actually is
Step-by-step explanation:
Ok, in the graph we can see that the minimal value for the y-axis is y = 4000.
This means that the graph is like a "zoom" tath points to the tips of the boxes.
This makes the relative difference between the columns seems to be bigger than it actually is, so the correct answer would be:
"No, the graph suggests that the increase in adoptions from 2000 to 2005 was more significant than it actually is"
And remember that this happens for the people that only see the graph for a second and draw the conclusions (most of the people). While in the graph you can read all the information that you need to calculate exactly the relative change.
What is the correct alternate hypothesis if the pilots' average gain score due to alcohol is indicated in the hypothesis statement by
Answers
Answer:
Ha : Pilots average gain score not due to alcohol.
Step-by-step explanation:
Null hypothesis is a statement that is to be tested against the alternative hypothesis and then decision is taken whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis. Here the null hypothesis is that pilots average gain due to alcohol. Then if there is no alcohol what is pilots average gain. This thing will be tested as alternative hypothesis.
How can a company use a scatter plot to make a future sales decision?
Answers
Answer:
Hope this helps :)
Step-by-step explanation:
A scatter plot is a two-dimensional diagram that displays individual data points based on the intersection of two variables, shown as vertical and horizontal axes. Individual data points or values are plotted at particular coordinates of the two variables being studied. Patterns of data points provide a visual representation of relationship between the two variables. A wide range of jobs and careers use this valuable analytical tool for data analysis and decision making.
My conclusion,
They help organize important data for future occurences.
A bus company has contracted with a local high school to carry 450 students on a field trip. The company has 18 large buses which can carry up to 30 students and 19 small buses which can carry up to 15 students. There are only 20 drivers available on the day of the field trip.
The total cost of operating one large bus is $225 a day, and the total cost of operating one small bus is $100 per day.
Determine the minimum cost of transporting all 450 students.
Answers
Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
From the given information;
Let consider p to be the number of large buses and q to be the number of small buses.
The company has 18 large buses which can carry up to 30 students and 19 small buses which can carry up to 15 students.
The linear inequality represent the students with respect to the total students s:
30p + 15q ≥ 450 -----(1)
They are only 20 drivers available on the day of the field trip, therefore only 20 buses can be used. So,
p + q ≤ 20 ----- (2)
Also , There are only 19 small buses and 18 large buses:
∴
0 ≤ p ≤ 18
0 ≤ q ≤ 19
The total cost of operating one large bus is $225 a day, and the total cost of operating one small bus is $100 per day
In order to minimize the cost of transporting all 450 students, let z be the minimal cost. i.e
z = 225p + 100q
From equation 1 and 2 ; if we plot them graphically on the graph, the following points of intersection were obtained as shown in the sketch below, in which the shaded region lies the answer.
The point of intersection between equation (1) and (2) is (p,q) = (10,10)
From the critical point in the sketch of our graph attached below, the following values of z can be determined.
Point(s) Value for Z
(15,0) 15 × 225 = 3375
(18,0) 18 × 225 = 4050
(18,2) (18 × 225 )+ (2 × 100 ) = 4250
(10,10) (10 × 225) + (10 × 100) = 3250
Thus ; the minimum cost of transporting all 450 students = $3250
What is 7 x -5?........
Answers
Answer:
-35
Step-by-step explanation:
7*5*(-1)
The solution to the expression 7 * -5 is -35
How to evaluate the expressionFrom the question, we have the following parameters that can be used in our computation:
7 * -5
Evaluate all the products in the expression
so, we have the following representation
7 * -5 = -35/1
Evaluate all the quotients in the expression
so, we have the following representation
7 * -5 = -35
Lastly, we have
7 * -5 = -35
Hence, the solution is -35
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Alpha (a) is used to measure the error for decisions concerning true null hypotheses. What is beta (ß) error used to measure?
Answers
Answer:
Alpha (α) is used to measure the error for decisions concerning true null hypotheses, while beta (ß) is used to measure error for decisions concerning false null hypotheses.
Step-by-step explanation:
Suppose we have events X and Y.
1. If it is said that X equals Y, when X is actually not equal to Y, α is used in this case, the null hypotheses.
2. If X is said to not be equal to Y, when X is actually equal to Y, β is used in this case, the false null hypotheses.
