Answer:
the answer is the cardiac muscle
Following antigenic stimulation, phosphorylation of _________ relieves inhibition of the transcription factor
Answer: zap70, ITAM.
Explanation:
An antigen is any substance that is capable of stimulating an immune response by activating lymphocytes, which are the body’s infection-fighting white blood cells. Examples of antigens could be proteins that are part of bacteria or viruses or components of serum and red blood cells from other individuals, all of them are foreign antigens originated outside the body. However, there can also be autoantigens (which are self-antigens), originated within the body. In normal conditions, the body is able to distinguish self from nonself. And the antigens that represent a danger induces an immune response by stimulating the lymphocytes to produce antibody or to attack the antigen directly. This is called an antigenic stimulation of the immune system.
ZAP-70 (Zeta-chain-associated protein kinase 70) is a protein that is part of the T cell receptor, thereby it plays a critical role in T-cell signaling. When the TCR (receptor of T cells) is activated by the presentation of the specific antigen through the MHC, a protein called Lck acts to phosphorylate the intracellular CD3 chains and the ζ chains of the TCR complex, allowing the binding of the cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase, ZAP-70. Lck then phosphorylates and activates ZAP-70, which in turn phosphorylates another molecule in the signaling cascade called LAT (short for Linker of Activated T cells), a transmembrane protein that serves as an anchor site for several other proteins. The tyrosine phosphorylation cascade initiated by the Lck culminates in the intracellular mobilization of calcium ion (Ca2+) and the activation of important signaling cascades within the lymphocytes. These include the Ras-MEK-ERK pathway, which is based on activating certain transcription factors such as NFAT, NFκB and AP-1. These transcription factors regulate the production of of certain gene products, most notably cytokines such as interleukin-2 that promote the long-term proliferation and differentiation of activated lymphocytes.
The ITAM motifs (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif) are sequences of four amino acids present in the intracellular tails of certain proteins that serve as receptors within the immune system. Thus, some receptors such as the TCR have ITAM sequences that, when activated, trigger an intracellular reaction based on consecutive phosphorylations. Kinases are recruited for this purpose.
So, ZAP-70 is a protein tyrosine kinase with a role in T-cell receptor signal transduction. During T-cell activation, ZAP-70 binds to ITAM and becomes tyrosine phosphorylated. The binding of ZAP-70 to the phosphorylated ITAM is able to activate its kinase activity, and relieves the inhibition of the transcription factor which regulates genes that are involved in the immune reaction.
A decrease in muscular activity or damage to neurons that attach to skeletal muscle can lead to a reduction in the size of muscle called
Answer:
The correct answer is atrophy
contrast primary growth and secondary growth
Answer:
There are contrast of the Primary growth and Secondary growth in many ways.
Explanation:
The Primary growth is to increase the length of that shoot and the root is referred to the primary growth.The primary growth act the way as shoot apical causing extension to the growth system into the root and ground they root are apical.The primary growth is the plant into that ground to contain water and nutrients that with the soil relation.The primary growth is that root can take different forms depends on the plant is Mono cot,the primary root replace by the stem after the plant germinates its called Adventitious root.The secondary growth is that performed to increase by the girth of the plant.Secondary growth is to produce the lateral cambiums that layer of tissue add to the plant growth.Secondary growth is that performed and support from the shoot system into the transporting that water and nutrients.Secondary growth is to provide the cross section of the stem and the replace with newer layer, the layer of that growth bark.Secondary growth is to consist that bark remain that the narrow of band, it root is transformed.Which sentence about protist is accurate
Answer:
there are no sentences
Explanation:
A student did an experiment with two identical fish tanks, Tank 1 and Tank 2. About 20 ml water purifier was added to Tank 1 and 10 ml
water punfier was added to tank 2. Tank 1 was heated to 88° F and Tank 2 was left at room temperature. The water purity of each tank was
tested every day in particles per liter. The purity was recorded over a period of 5 weeks in the table shown below.
Week Water Purity of Tank 1 Water Purity of Tank 2
12.6
12.6
13.7
13.9
14.3
14.4
15.7
15.8
17.6
17.6
Based on the table, which of these conclusions is correct?
a
Fish need 10 mL of water purifier to survive.
b
More purifier is needed to keep heated water clean.
с
Water purifier can help a fish survive longer.
d
Water purifier keeps fish tanks clearer for longer.
pleasee helppp !!
Answer:
a . Fish need 10 ml of water purifier to survive.
Explanation:
Fish need 10 ml of water purifier to survive because the data of 10 ml and 20 ml purifier is the same so it is recommended to use 10 ml purifier. First the data was same but by recording next week data, it shows slightly increase in the value of tank 2 while in the last week, both has the same value so we can concluded that by using 10 ml purifier is enough for the fish to survive.
Answer:
Its B/More purifier is needed to keep heated water clean.
Explanation:
QUICKLY! The chemical reaction equation of photosyntesis is shown here: What information is not given in this equation. It does not show if the reaction is reversible. It does not show the reactants needed for the reaction. It does not show that photosynthesis consists of many separate steps. It does not show the number of molecules required to produce glucose.
Answer:
C: It does not show that photosynthesis consists of many separate steps.
Explanation:
Photosynthesis is a unique process carried out by the cells of autotrophic organisms. It is the process whereby they synthesize their own food in form of sugars (glucose) in the presence of sunlight. Ideally, the photosynthetic process makes use of carbon dioxide (C02) and water (H20) in the presence of light energy (from sun) to produce glucose sugar (C6H12O6) and oxygen (02). The general photosynthetic equation is as follows:
6CO2 + 6H20 + light → C6H12O6 + 6O2
However, the process is not as simple as portrayed as it involves many separate steps that collectively forms the photosynthetic product (glucose). Photosynthesis occurs in two major stages namely: light stage and light independent stage, which in turn consists of series of reactions that forms the products.
Therefore, the equation attached to this question describes photosynthesis but It does not show that photosynthesis consists of many separate steps.
Answer:
C: It does not show that photosynthesis consists of many separate steps.
Explanation:
g UV radiation causes covalent dimerization of two subsequent ______ bases in DNA. This dimer is recognized and repaired by ______.
Answer: The options are not given.
Here are the options.
a. C and C ;;;; DNA photolyase
b. T and T ;;;;; DNA photolyase
c. C and C ;;;; DNA photoisomerase
d. T and T ;;;;; DNA photoisomerase
e. None of the above
Explanation:
UV light damages the DNA of cells that are exposed by making bonds to be formed between adjacent pyrimidine bases, usually thymines, in the DNA chains. The thymine dimers inhibit or hinder the DNA correct replication during reproduction of the cell.
UV radiation causes covalent dimerization of two subsequent T and T because Thymine bases of DNA directly absorbs a UVB photon . UVB light causes thymine base pairs close to each other in genetic sequences to bond together into pyrimidine dimers, thereby causing a disruption in the strand, which reproductive enzymes cannot copy.
UV-induced thymine dimers can be repaired by photoreactivation, in a process where energy from visible light is used to split the bonds forming the cyclobutane ring through the action of DNA photolyase, an enzyme that repaired damaged cause by uv radiation to dna.
identify the components ( parts) of DNA
Answer:
Phosphorus group, a sugar(like deoxyribose or ribose), and a nitrogenous base
A mutation that hides the effect of another mutation at a site that is distinct from the site of the original mutation, but with in the same gene. This mutation is best described as a
Answer:
The correct answer is intragenic suppressor mutation.
Explanation:
A suppressor mutation partially or completely converses the effects of a different mutation. A suppressor mutation is of two kinds, that is, an intragenic suppressor and an intergenic suppressor. An intragenic suppressor converses the influence of a mutation at a distinct site in a similar gene.
On the other hand, an intergenic suppressor converses the influence of a mutation at a distinct locus of the gene. It is the intragenic suppressor mutation, which takes place in a similar gene where the occurrence of the first mutation had taken place. Therefore, the mutation, which hides the influence of another mutation at a location, which is different from the location of the original mutation, but taking place in a similar gene can be illustrated as the intragenic suppressor mutation.
When the body cells are hypotonic to the blood plasma, water will move from intracellular fluid to extracellular fluid.
A. True
B. False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
What term matches the following definition: " ...a fundamental evolutionary process that results in both the adaptation of species to their environments and the generation of biodiversity (new species)"?
Answer:
a.Natural selection
b.Evolution
c.Artificial selection
d.Co-evolution
The correct option is A.
Natural selection.
Explanation:
The correct answer is natural selection because Natural selection is an evolutionary process which was discussed by Charles Darwin in 1859, In one of his theory that it is the ability of organisms to develop traits or characteristics that will help them to adapt and ensure their survival in their environment and then passing or transferring these new traits to new species or offsprings over generations through reproduction.
What physical traits were favored in the peppered moth AFTER the Industrial Revolution?
Answer: Their skin color was dark which made the moths blend in. During the Industrial Revolution, the soot from factories caused the trees to become black. The light colored moths became easier to kill because they could not blend into their environment.
Explanation:
Why are G proteins known as guanine nucleotide-binding protein?
Answer:
G proteins, also known as guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, are a family of proteins that act as molecular switches inside cells, and are involved in transmitting signals from a variety of stimuli outside a cell to its interior. ... G proteins belong to the larger group of enzymes called GTPases.
Drag each tile to the correct location.
Sort the descriptions based on whether they are related to asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction.
creates genetically
unique offspring
creates genetically
identical offspring
organism doesn’t have to
waste energy to find a
mate
organism needs time to
reach adulthood to
reproduce
requires the contribution
of two parents
requires the contribution
of a single parent
Answer:
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION:
-creates genetically unique offspring
-organism needs time to reach adulthood to reproduce
-requires the contribution of two parents
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION:
-creates genetically identical offspring
-organism doesn’t have to waste energy to find a mate
-requires the contribution of a single parent
Explanation:
Living organisms employ two types of reproduction to produce their offsprings. They are sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction.
Sexual reproduction is that reproduction involving the fusion of two sex cells from opposite sex individuals i.e. male and female. Sexual reproduction forms offsprings with unique genetic contents, which is as result of the meiotic process that each individual organism undergoes to produce gametes or sex cells (sperm and eggs). Since there must be a fusion of gametic cells, sexual reproduction requires the contribution of two parents (a male and a female). Also, the parents only undergo meiosis to produce gametes at certain points in their life. Hence, they have to wait to reach adulthood to do that.
On the other hand, asexual reproduction involves only the contribution of one parent as the fusion of genetic material is not needed. Hence, the offsprings form by cellular division that makes it genetically identical to the parent cell. Energy is not needed to find a mate, the organism simply reproduces on its own by dividing into daughter cells.
Which statement correctly compares the "Analysis" and "Conclusion" sections of a lab report?
Answer:
Hello. You did not enter the answer options, but I can help you by stating that the correct comparison between "analyze" and "conclusion" is one that shows that "Analysis" is able to compare specific research data, while "conclusion" is able to suggest additional research to arrive at more concrete data.
Explanation:
In a scientific research, the "Analysis" section is where the specific research data and the interactions and information that can be extracted from them are analyzed, in a succinct and explanatory way. This section is very important to present how these data were acquired and how they work within the theme developed in the research.
The section called "conclusion", in turn, presents the section where the research will conclude the established theme, showing an affirmation discovered through the research or suggesting additional research that will help to establish an efficient conclusion.
Which medical conditions are associated with large amounts of fat and sugar in your diet? Select three options.
Answer:
gall bladder disease
hypertension
osteoarthritis
Answer:
diabetes
heart disease
obesity
Explanation:
Circle
1
2
Circle the most reactive metal in each set.
1) Magnesium / Potassium
2) Aluminum / Gold
3) Cobalt / Cesium / Calcium
4) Iron / Titanium / Potassium
5) Francium / Lithium / Beryllium
لی
Answer:
Explanation:
1) potassium
2)Aluminium
3) Cesium
4) potassium
5) Beryllium
(06.03 LC) Which of the following is an example of how HIV can be transmitted from one person to another? Contact between infected blood and a mucus membrane Contact between infected saliva and an open wound Contact between infected blood and skin Contact between infected saliva and lining of mouth
Answer:
i believe the answer is contact between a infected blood and a mucus membrane
Explanation:
Use the following scenario to answer the next following question(s):
You and your friends go to the beach for vacation. You all walk down to the beach to go swimming. When you get there, you see the water is murky and green, and there are algae blooms floating on top.
Reference: Ref 6-3
If it is excess nutrients which are feeding the algae blooms and lowering the oxygen content in the water, that process is called:
A. nutrient cycling.
B. nitrification.
C. eutrophication.
D. hypoxia.
Answer:
eutrophication
Explanation:
Eutrophication refers to a situation in which the aquatic environment becomes excessively enriched with nutrients. This leads to algal blooms in aquatic habitats such as lakes. These nutrients come from Fertilisers used in farming, which find their way into water bodies through run-off thereby increasing nutrient levels.
Excess nutrients causes phytoplankton to grow and reproduce at an alarming rate resulting in algal blooms. This bloom disrupts the balance in the ecosystem leading to many problems.
The algae may end up using all the oxygen in the water, causing oxygen shortage for aquatic life. Some of the algae may die, their decay may lead to further oxygen depletion. As oxygen is depleted, aquatic organisms may also begin to die.
Why do roosters hibernate?
Answer:
The answer is
Explanation:
Roosters hibernate to escape the harsh seasonal variations as it cannot fly to different lands and is a flightless bird.
Hope this helps....
Have a nice day!!!!
what type of molecule do plant cells use for long term energy storage
Answer:
ATP
Explanation:
In plants, energy is stored in the form of ATP and NADPH. Energy is produced in the presence of light it is in the thylakoids and mitochondria.
ATP: Adenosine triphosphate
NADPH: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen
1. A star is 520 light years from Earth. During what event in history did the
light now arriving at Earth leave the star?
Answer:
A light year is the distance which is equal to 9,460,730,472,580.8 km, so:
= 4.91957985 X [tex]10^{15}[/tex]km
which is distance travels by the light. Now what time it takes light to travel distance we found.
A year has 365.25 days, so,
[tex]1 (\frac{365.25)}{1 year}) (\frac{24}{1 day}) (\frac{3600 s}{1 hr} )[/tex] = 31557600 seg/year
The light speed in the space is equal to 299,792.458 km/s, so:
4.91957985 x [tex]10^{15} (\frac{1 seg}{29792.458}) \frac{1 year}{31557600}[/tex] = 520 years
if today, August, 2020, then
2020 - 520 = 1500
Spanish and Portuguese spread out over the southern part of the Western Hemisphere and bring in America brought to Spanish colony of Santo Domingo in year 1500.
[tex]t=2019-520\\ t=1499 AD[/tex]
Learn More:https://brainly.com/question/8244352
Knowledge of the driver mutations underlying cancer has led to targeted therapeutics, such as the protein kinase inhibitor imatinib (trade name Gleevec) in cases of chronic myeloid leukemia. Cancer cells often become resistant to a given drug, so researchers continue searching for new drugs that target proteins that contribute to the cancerous phenotype. One recent promising approach uses drugs that lead to ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of the target protein. Which of the following mutated proteins are good candidates for this approach?
A) oncogenes
B) proteins with loss-of-function mutations
C) proteins with gain-of-function mutations
D) tumor suppressor genes
Answer:
C) proteins with gain-of-function mutations
Explanation:
Gain-of-function mutations: In biology, the term "gain-of-function mutation" is described as one of the different types of mutation in which the altered or changed "gene product" consists of an entirely new pattern or molecular function associated with gene expression. However, the "gene-of-function mutations" are being always considered as "Semidominant or Dominant".
In the question above, the correct answer is option C.
A.While the traits studied in Exercise 1 were hypothetical genetic traits, what type of genetic traits do you think are important to study and predict
Answer:
Genetic disturbances harmful to the organism are genetic characteristics that must be studied and predicted.
Explanation:
Genetic disorders that harm an organism such as sickle cell anemia, hemophilia, Turner syndrome, among others, are important to be studied and predicted, because it will provide better maintenance of that organism. Allowing people who inherit these characteristics to have more efficient treatments and a better life, since the prediction of these characteristics allows the family to establish better adapapitativo methods, that will make the life of this individual easier and with more quality.
Which submersible vessel has been used deep-sea research
Answer:
The challenger
Explanation:
Used to explore the south pacific, mainly the Mariana trench
Answer:
Which submersible has been used for deep sea research? Alvin Alvin (DSV-2) is a crewed deep-ocean research submersible owned by the United States Navy and operated by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) in Woods Hole, Massachusetts.
Explanation:
basic question for fun . HOW TO FIGHT WITH TYPES OF VIRUS IN THE WORLD AND HOW GET RID FROM IT EXAMPLES: CORONA VIRUS, INFLUENZA, TYPHOID, HEPHATITISAND CHLOREA?
Answer:
Boost immunity power( follow these):
1. Have enougn sleep.
2. Be happy...overcome stress.
3.Do exercises frequently.
4. Have regular check ups ;these may help to diagnosis on early stage.
5. Consume the foods which boosts immunity.
6. Be mentally strong.
Explanation:
There isn't proved ideas ...however, we can fight by making our immune system strong...
HIT LIKE
If tall is dominant over short, and yellow seed is dominant over green, how would you write the genotype of a pea plant that is heterozygous for tall, and that produces yellow seeds
Answer:
The answer has been written in paper and the image of the paper has been attached. Feel free to raise any doubt.
For this task, you will imagine that you are a reporter for a scientific magazine. Your task is to explain the process of protein synthesis to someone who does NOT have a science background. Therefore, the explanation needs to be in simple enough terms for anyone to understand. You will organize your article in the following way: Structure and Function of DNA and RNA Transcription and RNA processing Translation Protein modification (general) You must also include the following terms: Double helix Helicase Codon Polymerase 5’ cap Poly (A) tail Introns Exons Splicesomes rRNA, tRNA, Mrna Ribosomes Anticodons E site, P site, A site Initiation Elongation Termination
Answer:
Please find the explanation below
Explanation:
Our nucleus is made up of a genetic material called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which is a double-helical structure that stores the genetic information needed for the optimal functioning of any organism. DNA, alongside RNA are nucleic acids that are composed of NUCLEOTIDES subunits. The nucleotide consists of a pentose sugar (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA), nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.
However, the genetic information stored in the DNA molecule needs to be expressed in order to form useful products (proteins). This genetic expression is done in two stages viz: transcription and translation. Transcription, which is catalyzed by an enzyme called RNA polymerase is the process whereby the information stored in the DNA is used to synthesize a mRNA molecule. However, this mRNA molecule is considered pre-mature until it is processed. RNA processing occurs in three stages viz: 5' capping, polyadenylation, and splicing.
5' capping involves adding a 5' cap to the marks molecule. Polyadenylation involves adding a poly(A) tail to the mRNA molecule while splicing is the removal of introns (non coding regions) with the aid of Spliceosomes and joining of the exons (coding region). After processing, the mRNA becomes matured and ready to be translated.
Translation is the process whereby the mRNA transcript is used to synthesize a protein molecule. It occurs in the ribosomes (organelles for protein synthesis, a complex of rRNA and proteins) where the mRNA is read in a group of three nucleotides called CODON. The reading is done by the Anticodon of a transfer RNA (tRNA), which is complementary to the codon.
Translation occurs in three stages: initiation, elongation and termination. The mRNA attaches to the P site of the ribosomes (initiation) where it is attached to by a tRNA's anticodon complementary to it. The anticodon carries the amino acid corresponding the codon and shifts to the A-site. The addition of amino acid to the polypeptide chain continues (elongation) until a stop codon is encountered, which signals the end of the translation process i.e. termination. This causes the polypeptide (protein) to be released from the E-site.
The synthesized protein undergoes packaging and modification in the Golgi apparatus.
what type of rocks form from decaying plants
Answer:
Types of rocks are three types in :- metamorphic, igneous and sedimentary rocks, these are rocks formed dirt,soil and organic matter.
Explanation:
Sedimentary rocks are is known to plant contain animal fossils, there is a high level of animals and plant they develop layer of rock fuel include oil natural gas.
Sedimentary rock due to the consist addition of new particles by the water and erosion,basins found on to the earth fore arc and back arc basins.
Coal is the type of sedimentary rock that is plant and dead animals or organic matter,long period under time right conditions.
Sedimentary rock is different type carbonate, coal, chemically performed carbonate rock several kind of chalk and carbonate minerals.
Metamorphic and igneous rocks are abundant and they the most of rocks are on the earth actually are sedimentary rock,an animal and plant refuse one location and settle there soil and organic matter decaying animals.
Answer:
Organic sedimentary rocks form from decaying plants. Over time, organic matter from decaying plants and animals is pressed together and compacted to rocks.
Explanation:
TRBP is a protein important for the formation of the RISC complex. Which of the following would you expect in cells with null mutations in TRBP?
a. Reduced siRNA-mediated mRNA degradation
b. Increased miRNA-mediated translational repression
c. Increased deadenylase-mediated mRNA degradation
d. Reduced proteasome-mediated protein degradation
Answer:
a. Reduced siRNA-mediated mRNA degradation
Explanation:
The TRBP (transactivation response element RNA-binding protein) is an RNA-binding protein that forms the Dicer complex, which is involved in epigenetic pathways such as those mediated by the RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism. RNAi is a key process where small non-coding RNAs such as, for example, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) can inhibit target gene expression at posttranscriptional level by different mechanisms (including the degradation of target mRNAs). A null mutation of this cofactor will alter the Dicer complex, thereby also affecting RNAi pathways mediated by small interfering RNAs.
