Answer:
Economics
Explanation:
Studies on a machine that molds plastic water pipe indicate that when it is injecting 1-inch-diameter pipe, the process standard deviation is 0.05 inches. The 1-inch pipe has a specification of 1 inch plus or minus 0.10 inch. What is the process capability index ( Cpk) if the long-run process mean is 1 inch?
Answer:
0.67
Explanation:
Given the following :
Process standard deviation(sd) = 0.05
Mean (m) = 1
specification of 1 inch plus or minus 0.10 inch
Upper specification limit(USL) = 1 + 0.1 = 1.1
Lower specification limit (LSL) = 1 - 0.1 =. 0.9
Cpk = min [[(m - USL) / 3(sd)], [(m - LSL) / 3(sd)]]
Cpk = min [[(1 - 1.1)/3(0.05)], [(1-0.9)/3(0.05)]]
Cpk = min[ -0.1/0.15], [ 0.1 / 0.15]
Cpk = min(-0.67, 0.67)
Because they do so much driving while visiting doctors' offices and hospitals, pharmaceutical sales representatives are often given company cars to drive. When a pharmaceutical company like Merck is preparing to purchase new company cars, sales reps' feedback will be sought on car models and features, but the final decision will be made by higher levels of management. What role(s) do the sales reps play in the buying center?
Answer: Users and Influencers
Explanation: The sales representatives are consulted being the ones who will make use of the purchased vehicle in order to aid business growth, the sales representative have become familiar with issues they experience during the use of previous cars which might be related to the model and certain mechanical features of the car. Therefore, the feedback provided may be considered when the ultimate decision is being made, here sales representatives acts as influencers as their opinion is put into perspective, even though other considerations may outweigh those provided by the sales representatives as the final decision is being made by the superior management.
When the number of units in work in process and finished goods inventories decrease, absorption costing net operating income will typically be greater than variable costing net operating income.
a. True
b. False
Answer:
b. False
Explanation:
The difference between absorption costing net operating income and variable costing net operating income lies in the fixed costs deferred in closing inventory.
If Production is greater than Sales - Increase in Finished Goods Inventory, Absorption costing net operating income will typically be greater than Variable costing net operating income.
However, If Production is less than Sales - Decrease in Finished Goods Inventory, Absorption costing net operating income will typically be less than Variable costing net operating income.
Suppose when a monopolist produces 50 units its average revenue is $8 per unit, its marginal revenue is $4 per unit, its marginal cost is $4 per unit, and its average total cost is $3 per unit. What can we conclude about this monopolist? a. The monopolist is currently maximizing profits, and its total profits are $200. b. The monopolist is currently maximizing profits, and its total profits are $250. c. The monopolist is not currently maximizing its profits; it should produce more units and charge a lower price to maximize profit. d. The monopolist is not currently maximizing its profits; it should produce fewer units and charger a higher price to maximize profit.
Answer:
b. The monopolist is currently maximizing profits, and its total profits are $250
Explanation:
The computation of monopolist is shown below:-
The monopolist is producing 50 units ate which are
MR = $4
Price = $8
MC = $4
ATC = $3
This applies that
MR = MC
while
P > ATC
So the monopolist is making a profit by making profit-maximizing quantity.
Total profits are (P - ATC) × Q
= (8 - 3) × 50
= $250
Hence, b option is correct
A house in the neighborhood has been well maintained. The seller has made sure that all the electrical systems are working to code and that it has been kept up-to-date on painting and other maintenance. The appraiser gives him an excellent value based on:
Answer:
utility power
Explanation:
In simple words, the location of the house has been said to be in a prominent region, it gives the house a competitive advantage over other units, also the house has been maintained and restructured bu the seller so that it looks more good and healthy.
The subject unit has been restructured in a way that it satisfied all the needs of the buyer, thus, it brings a lot of utility power to the market in respect of its value.
Answer: economic life
Explanation:
This morning, Jeff found an aged bond certificate lying on the street. He picked it up and noticed that it was a 50-year bond that matured today. He presented the bond to the bank teller at his local bank and received payment for both the entire principal and the final interest payment.
The bond that Jeff found must have been which one of the following?
a. Debenture
b. Callable bond
c. Registered-form bond
d. Note Bearer-form bond
Answer:
The answer is D.
Explanation:
Note Bearer-form bond is a type of bond that is paid to the person presenting the the cheque at that very moment unlike registered-form bond is paid ONLY to the person that his name has been registered with the security exchange for the bond. Even if a stranger picks it up somewhere or is being stolen, the bond will not be honoured.
Option A(debenture) is incorrect because debenture is an unsecured long-term loan.
Option B(Callable bond) is also incorrect. This is a bond that can be claimed or redeemed by the person issuing it before its maturity.
A bagel company bakes a specialty bagel that it sells by the dozen every day. These specialty bagels can only be baked early in the morning before the store opens for business. The company estimates that the daily demand (in dozens) for its specialty bagel is distributed as follows: Specialty bagels arc sold by the dozen only at a cost of $9.00 per dozen. The cost to make one bagel is $0.50. Leftover specialty bagels arc sold by the dozen the next day for a 50% discount. The optimal number of specialty bagels that should be baked tomorrow (in dozens) is:________ a) 5 dozen. b) 4 dozen. c) 3 dozen. d) 2 dozen.
Answer:
b) 4 dozen
Explanation:
The computation of the optimal number of specially bagels i.e expected value is shown below:
As we know that
Expected value = Demand × probability
= 1 dozens × 0.10 + 2 dozens × 0.15 + 3 dozens × 0.20 + 4 dozens × 0.25 + 5 dozens × 0.30
= 0.1 + 0.3 + 0.6 + 1 + 1.5
= 3.5 dozen or 4 dozen
Hence, the correct option is b.
One identical unit is purchased on each of the following three dates and at the respective costs: June 1 at $10 June 2 at $15 July 4 at $20 The company sells two units during the period. Conclude which inventory items are sold first and which unit remains in ending inventory if the company is using the FIFO cost flow assumption.A. The June 1 at 10 is sold; the June 2 at $15 and July 4 at $20 remain in ending inventory.B. The June 1 at 10 and the June 2 at $15 are both sold; the July 4 unit remains in ending inventory.C. The June 2 at $15 and the July 4 at $20 are both sold; the June 1 at $10 remains in ending inventory.
Answer:
B. The June 1 at 10 and the June 2 at $15 are both sold; the July 4 unit remains in ending inventory.
Explanation:
FIFO means first in, first out. It means that it is the first purchased inventory that is the first to be sold
2 units were sold. the June 1 and June 2 units would be the items sold because they were the first to be purchased according to the dates.
the ending inventory would be the the July 4 unit
Part 1 Using the refusal skills sequence, complete the case scenario by indicating how you would refuse to be involved in the situation. Include all eight steps of the refusal sequence, and use the format indicated below for each step. (List the step then the action) Example: 1. What are they asking me to do and why? They are asking me to participate in an activity that is illegal and against my personal values. (Double space after each answer.) Case Study Number ____________ 1. What are they asking me to do and why? 2. Label what they are asking you to do (i.e. illegal, dangerous, etc.). 3. Determine the consequences if you get caught or if you participate in this activity. 4. Communicate my refusal. 5. Say no. 6. Use "I" statements. 7. Suggest an alternative. 8. Leave the scene and avoid questionable places.
Incomplete question.
Full Question and Explanation:
1. What are they asking me to do and why?
They are asking me to do things both illegal and sexual that I do not believe in doing.
2. Label what they are asking you to do (i.e. illegal, dangerous, etc.).
It is Illegal, sexual, and dangerous
3. Determine the consequences if you get caught or if you participate in this activity.
I could get infected with a disease or even get arrested by law enforcement agents.
4. Communicate my refusal.
I do not do such things and I will not follow others in their wrongful course.
5. Say no.
No matter what you say, I say no!
6. Use "I" statements.
I feel that you do not consider my feelings when you try to force me because I don't want to do these things.
7. Suggest an alternative.
No, lets go and watch a movie at the movie theater.
8. Leave the scene and avoid questionable places.
My mom must be waiting for me by now, I'll have to go home.
A company purchased a computer system at a cost of $34,000. The estimated useful life is 8 years, and the estimated residual value is $9,000. Assuming the company uses the double-declining-balance method, what is the depreciation expense for the second year
Answer:
Year 2= $4,687.5
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Purchase price= $34,000
Useful life= 8 years
Salvage value= $9,000
To calculate the depreciation expense under the double-declining-balance, we need to use the following formula:
Annual depreciation= 2*[(book value)/estimated life (years)]
Year 1= [(34,000 - 9,000)/8]*2= $6,250
Year 2= [(25,000 - 6,250)/8]*2= $4,687.5
michelle works in retail and cant decide what products to include i the stores front window display what is the first step she should take to solve this problem
The available options are:
A. List the options.
B. Evaluate the decision/choice.
C. State the problem.
D. Determine the pros and cons.
Answer:
State the problem.
Explanation:
In a situation like this, it is expected that the first step to take to solve the problem is that Michelle should understand the reason, she wants to put the product on the window display. This includes knowing what she will benefit by placing the product on the window display and which product she wants to display. This process which is the first step in the problem-solving technique is known as STATE THE PROBLEM.
Hence, the right answer is State the Problem.
George wanted a home in the St. Paul area. He was willing to pay premium price for it even though there were other homes in other areas that were better values. When George was asked why he was willing to pay so much, he told the sales associate that he worked in that area and that he wanted his children to attend school in a specific school district. George's willingness to pay top dollar for a home in St. Paul is because of which characteristic of value?
Answer:
George's willingness to pay top dollar for a home in St. Paul is because of the following characteristics of Value:
"Values are a set of choices with the ability to be fluid such that may be ranked depending on the current situation."
Explanation:
In the question above, George prioritised familiarity with and emotional attachment to the St. Paul area given that he had worked there before and was convinced about the value he'd get from a school in that area.
Notice that he could have put a premium of security, access to social amenities and a host of other factors. However, those factors are not key in the ranking of values which informed George's choice.
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It will cost $7,000 to acquire an ice cream cart. Cart sales are expected to be $3,600 a year for three years. After the three years, the cart is expected to be worthless as the expected life of the refrigeration unit is only three years. What is the payback period
Answer:
It will take 2 years and 344 days to cover for the initial investment.
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Initial investment= $7,000
Cash flow year 1 trough 3= $3,600
The payback period is the time required to cover for the initial investment:
Year 1= 3,600 - 7,000= -3,400
Year 2= 3,600 - 3,400= 200
To be more accurate:
(3,400/3,600)*365= 344
It will take 2 years and 344 days to cover for the initial investment.
Johnstone’s Realty is a new discount, menu-based brokerage firm. Its approach usually results in a lower listing commission rate than other firms offer. Johnstone’s also offers a lower cooperating brokerage split than most other firms. Business is booming for Johnstone's, and the remaining firms in town are concerned. These brokers agree to not show Johnstone’s listings to their buyer clients. What is this an example of?
Answer:
"Group boycotting " is the right solution.
Explanation:
Team or group boycott corresponds to something like an organization's decided reluctance to work with some other company unless they prevent from working with such a possible rival attempting to expand the marketplace. This seems to be an accepted-upon reluctance by rivals to negotiate with another company unless someone prevents people from negotiating with a possible opponent pursuing market entry.So that the given scenario would be an example of Group boycotting.
Andrea hired Jack to be the sales agent for her paintings. However, in a month's time, she terminated the agency with Jack. Harold, a customer who had dealt with Jack earlier, was not aware of the termination. Harold approached Jack to buy a painting and wrote him a check of $5,000, the advance payment for the painting which Jack promised would be delivered in two weeks. When Jack did not contact Harold later, Harold demanded that Andrea honor the contract, since Jack sold the picture as her agent. Which of the following is true of this situation?
A. Since Jack had apparent authority, Andrea is liable to honor his contract with Harold.
B. Harold's duty was to contact Andrea. His failure to do this removes her liability to honor the contract.
C. Jack had express authority as Andrea's agent, which is not terminated with the termination of their agency.
D. As Andrea terminated the agency with Jack in violation of his rights, Jack has the direct authority to sell her paintings.
Answer:
A. Since Jack had apparent authority, Andrea is liable to honor his contract with Harold.
Explanation:
The Contract defines that when two or more persons bound for a purpose legally.
Contract = Agreement + enforceble
Here as per the given situation Andrea hired Jack as the sales representative for her portraits. She suspended the organisation with Jack though, in a month's time.
Harold, a client who had previously worked with Jack, was not informed of the closure. Harold contacted Jack to purchase a painting, and gave him a $5,000 check, the painting advance payment that Jack agreed would be shipped in two weeks.
As Jack later failed to reach Harold, Harold requested that Andrea uphold the deal, as Jack sold the picture as her agent
Andrea is liable to uphold his deal with Harold, as Jack had obvious authority.
A company issues $1,500,000 of par bonds at 98 on January 1, year 1, with a maturity date of December 31, year 30. Bond issue costs are $90,000, and the stated interest rate of the bonds is 6%. Interest is paid semiannually on January 1 and July 1. Ten years after the issue date, the entire issue was called at 102 and canceled. The company uses the straight-line method of amortization for bond discounts and issue costs, and the result of this method is not materially different from the effective interest method. The company should classify what amount as the loss on extinguishment of debt at the time the bonds are called
Answer:
$110,000 loss
Explanation:
Given the following :
Par value = $1,500,000 at 98
Maturity = 30 years
Interest rate = 6% paid semianually
Ten years after issue date, entire issue was called at 102 and canceled
Issue price of bond = (1500000 * 98%) = $1,470,000
Discount on issue = $1,500,000 - 1,470,000 = $30,000
After 10 years when bond was canceled :
Discount balance ;
($30,000 / maturity) * (maturity - 10)
($30,000/30)* 20 =1000 * 20 = $20,000
Issuing cost balance:
($90,000/30)*20 = 3000 * 20 = $60,000
Therefore, upon cancelation :
Carrying amount of bond
$(1500000 - 20000 - 60000) = $1,420,000
Reacquisition price :
($1,500,000 * 102%) = $1,530,000
Loss or gain :
$1,530,000 - $1,420,000 = $110,000 (loss)
Jamie was participating in a market research study regarding computers when he was presented with 24 different computers that varied on four criteria. He was asked to rank all 24 descriptions in terms of his preference for those combinations of features. Which approach to assess the relative importance Jamie places on evaluative criteria was this research using?
Answer:
conjoint analysis
Explanation:
In the market research study being described, they were using conjoint analysis. This is a statistical technique that helps determine how potential customers value different attributes such as a specific feature, function, or benefit that makes up an individual product or service. In this particular scenario, Jamie was asked to rank the different computers based on each ones unique/different criteria or features.
The Easton manufacturing Company is looking to replace its conveyor belt system. A new system will cost $345,000, and will result in cost savings of $220,000 in the first year, followed by savings of $100,000 per year over the following 3 years. If the firm’s cost of capital is 9%, what is the discounted payback period for this project? (Do not round intermediate computations. Round final answer to two decimal places.)
Answer:
It will take 3 years and 279 days to cover for the initial investment.
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Initial investment= $345,000
Annual cost saving:
Cf1= $220,000
Cf2 to 4= $100,000
Discount rate= 9%
The payback period is the time required to cover for the initial investment:
Year 1= (220,000/1.09) - 345,000= -143,165.14
Year 2= (100,000/1.09^2) - 143,165.14= -58,997.14
Year 3= (100,000/1.09^3) - 58,997.14= 18,221.21
To be more accurate:
(58,997.14/77,218.35)*365= 279 days
It will take 3 years and 279 days to cover for the initial investment.
In performing accounting services for small businesses, you encounter the following situations pertaining to cash sales. 1 Blossom Company enters sales and sales taxes separately on its cash register. On April 10, the register totals are sales $22,500 and sales taxes $1,125. 2. Oriole Company does not segregate sales and sales taxes. Its register total for April 15 is $14,310, which includes a 6% sales tax.
Prepare the entry to record the sales transactions and related taxes for Blossom Company. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually.)
Answer and Explanation:
The Journal entry is shown below:-
a. Cash Dr, $23,625
To Sales Revenue $22,500
To Sales Tax payable $1,125
(Being cash is recorded)
Here we debited the cash as it increased the assets and we credited the sales revenue and sales tax payable as it increased the revenue and liabilities
b. Cash Dr, $14,310
To Sales Revenue $13,500
To Sales Tax payable $810 ($14,310 ÷ 106 × 6)
(Being cash is recorded)
Here we debited the cash as it increased the assets and we credited the sales revenue and sales tax payable as it increased the revenue and liabilities
Tasty Pasta in an American fast food restaurant chain with locations in 20 countries. When the company enters a new foreign market, it usually selects a combination of franchising and master subsidiaries. These master subsidiaries are joint ventures with local partners because of the advantages joint ventures bring to Tasty Pasta. Specifically, joint ventures are politically more acceptable and they:_________.A) Help realize location and experience curve economies
B) Avoid high transport costs
C) Ensure a steady stream of loyalty payments .
D) Tend to provide a higher control over technology.
E) Bring a degree of local knowledge to the subsidiary.
Answer: Bring a degree of local knowledge to the subsidiary.
Explanation:
Joint Venture is a form of business organization whereby two or more parties come together and use the skills and resources that they both have to achieve a common goal.
Based on the scenario in the question, Joint ventures are politically more acceptable and they also bring a degree of local knowledge to the subsidiary.
The process by which management plans, evaluates, and controls long-term investment decisions involving fixed assets is called __________ analysis.
Answer:
capital investment analysis
Explanation:
This process being described is known as capital investment analysis. Like mentioned in the question this term refers to a budgeting procedure that is used in order to ultimately assess the potential profitability of a specific long-term investment. This form of analysis is usually used by large corporations/organizations that have a long-term investment which contain fixed assets such as equipment, machinery, or real estate.
Cherries on Top, a national ice cream shop, is struggling financially to keep up with the bigger chains. The top executives have decided to close all the stores in the Northeast and Texas, as that will give them an additional one million dollars to put into marketing. This executive is practicing the
Answer:
utilitarian approach.
Explanation:
Cherries on Top is a national ice cream shop and is struggling financially to keep up with the bigger chains. The top executives have decided to close all the stores in the Northeast and Texas, as that will give them an additional one million dollars to put into marketing. This executive is practicing the utilitarian approach.
Utilitarianism can be defined as an ethical moral theory that offers anyone a relatively direct method for enhancing choices and making decisions about the right course of action for any particular situation.
Basically, the utilitarian approach analyzes and measure an action in terms of its outcome or consequences; by determining the net benefits and costs to all stakeholders of an organization individually.
The main purpose or focus of the utilitarian approach is to achieve the best possible outcome or results for the overall success of the business while creating the least amount of harm, loss, damage or suffering.
Hence, the executive of Cherries on Top is practicing the utilitarian approach.
The monetary liabilities of the Federal Reserve include currency in circulation and discount loans. government securities and reserves. currency in circulation and reserves. government securities and discount loans.
Answer:
currency in circulation and reserves.
Explanation:
The Federal Reserve System ( popularly referred to as the 'Fed') was created by the Federal Reserve Act, passed by the U.S Congress on the 23rd of December, 1913. The Fed began operations in 1914 and just like all central banks, the Federal Reserve is a United States government agency.
Generally, it comprises of twelve (12) Federal Reserve Bank regionally across the United States of America.
The monetary liabilities of the Federal Reserve include currency in circulation and reserves. The currency in circulation includes all of the US paper currency (dollar bill) that are available in the country while reserves refers to the minimum deposits being held for the U.S Treasury and depository financial institutions by the Fed.
Additionally, the overall sum of the United States of America treasury monetary liabilities and the Federal Reserve System's monetary liabilities is generally referred to as the monetary base.
suppose an unanticipated decrease in foreign spending on domestically produced goods causes the aggregate demand curve to shift to the left (from AD1 to AD2 ). According to adherents of the adaptive-expectations theory, the unanticipated change in aggregate demand will cause the economy to move in which direction
Answer:
Under the adaptive expectations theory, individuals and businesses base their future economic expectations using past events and experiences as their starting point. E.g. if the economy has been constantly growing steadily for the past 4 years, people and businesses will expect that it continues to grow in a similar way in the near future.
In this case, since the aggregate demand decreased (leftward shift) but this was the result of an unanticipated decrease in exports, economists, individuals and businesses will believe that the economy will not be affected and shall soon return to its normal path. The problem is that the economy actually starts to shrink, and since no adjustments are made on time, the problem will not improve, instead it will get worse. Eventually, once the people and businesses realize the negative effect on the economy, they will react abruptly.
This happened during the Great Recession when everyone thought that the prices of homes would increase forever, but once people realized their mistake, panic spread and the economy collapsed. This is not the same situation, but the negative effects will be eventually felt.
Which of the following is the best way to help build your self-esteem?
OA. Adapt.
B. Be critical.
C. Speak clearly
D. Know your abilities.
Answer:
The correct answer is D. Know your abilities.
Explanation
Self-esteem is the feeling that makes people worry about themselves and arouses the feeling of self-preservation; this is related to the way we value ourselves and we feel confident about our abilities, personality, and attributes. Due to this, one of the first steps to build or improve self-esteem is to know yourself and appreciate positive aspects such as attributes, strengths, talents, abilities, etc. Also, it is important to recognize negative aspects but to avoid focusing on these. As a result, you can understand your own value and appreciate or love yourself for this. So, the correct answer is A. Know your abilities.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
To know your abilities so you will know what you can do
If an advertisement is affiliated with a website's content, what might that suggest?
A. that the information you find is biased
B. that the advertisements were free
C. that the advertisements financially support the site
D. that the information you find will be entirely untrue
I'm confused between some answers can someone clarify.
Answer:
It suggests that the advertisement financially supports the website ( C )
Explanation:
Affiliation is the official attachment of businesses with common interest wherein one party controls or is in-charge of the business relationship between the parties. in some cases a third party might be in control as well.
The information found on an advertisement that is affiliated with a website content shows that the advert and the website are in business together hence the advert supports the website financially, because the details contained in the advert might be drawn from the contents of the websites.
A business client is looking for ways to decrease its monthly premiums. To get down to the premium level sought after by the company, the agent realizes they have to go to a high deductible health plan. As part of your advice to the business, what should you include in your discussion?
Answer:
"Health savings accounts (HAS)" is the appropriate answer.
Explanation:
HAS should be used with values that are generally insurance coverage. With either an HSA, extra cash can be placed into another consideration that has been protected mostly on the purchase price, and afterward investments can also be used for predefined hospital expenses.Since the investments throughout the HSA consideration could also be used for healthcare facilities, respondents frequently use them instead of unprotected methodologies including certain chiropractic appointments and perhaps certain health-related facilities not encompassed by their insurers.Physical units to be accounted equals A : units started into production plus units in ending work in process inventory. B : units started into production plus units in beginning work in process inventory. C : units started into production less units in beginning work in process inventory. D : units completed and transferred out plus beginning work in process inventory.
Answer:
B : units started into production plus units in beginning work in process inventory.
Explanation:
If a Company uses process costing, the units to be accounted for are the units that were in production during the period.
Units in production comprises of units in beginning work in process still to be completed as a result of previous process plus the units started into production during the period.
All the following statements concerning variable life insurance are correct EXCEPT: Group of answer choices The policyowner can invest the cash value in different investment accounts. The premium is level and guaranteed not to increase. The death benefit can vary with the policy's investment experience. Cash surrender values are guaranteed.
Answer:
D. Cash surrender values are guaranteed.
Explanation:
Variable Life Insurance is an insurance policy that requires a specific amount of the premium paid by the insurance holder to be dedicated to the investment funds and assets of the company offering the insurance policy. It is important to know that
1. there is a cash value account that can be invested in different subaccounts in this type of policy.
2. The premium level is fixed and the policyholder is expected to pay it on a regular basis. He can be assured that the premium level will not increase.
3. A death benefit is also guaranteed to be paid to a beneficiary chosen by the policyholder, but the amount to be paid as the death benefit depends on how good or bad the policy's investment performed.
But then it is important to note that the cash surrender values are not guaranteed because there is a risk factor. They can fluctuate depending on whether the policy performed poorly or excellently.
Liam is willing to buy the last ticket to the avant premier of Star Wars for $15, while Alexander is willing to pay $20. Liam is first in line and buys a ticket for $15. Liam could sell his ticket to Alexander for $18, but he can't because of government regulation preventing the reselling of tickets. The regulation, then, is causing:
Answer:
Potential total surplus to increase.
Explanation:
As we know that:
Producer Surplus = Market value - Minimum price to sell
This means that for Liam:
Market value at which he can sell the ticket was $18 and the minimum price was $15
By putting values, we have:
Liam's surplus = $18 - $15 = $3
Now
Consumer Surplus = Consumer willing to Pay - Consumer Paid
For Alexander, the amount he was willing to pay was $20 and what he actually paid was $18 if the regulation hasn't intervened.
Alexander's surplus = $20 - $18 = $2
This means that the regulation prevents the increase in the potential total surplus and this has increased the dead weight loss of $5.
