The McCarran Act was passed in 1950 to prohibit “totalitarian” organizations and thus limit the Communist Party's activities in the United States. The act enabled the Attorney General of the United States to register members of organizations he claimed were Communist or Communist-fronted, and it made it a crime to plan or assist in any “unlawful” activity.
However, an inaccurate statement about the McCarran Act is that it primarily targeted individuals or groups of a specific political party. This is not accurate because the act targeted any organization that the Attorney General felt threatened national security, which included groups that had any political or ideological affiliations.
In addition, the act was widely used to target civil rights organizations, labor unions, and other groups that were considered left-leaning or radical. Furthermore, the McCarran Act was often used to justify other forms of government surveillance and intrusion, including blacklisting, deportation, and the denial of security clearances.
The act was criticized by many as a violation of civil liberties and a threat to free speech and free association. In 1965, it was amended and its more extreme provisions repealed. Today, the act's most enduring legacy is the creation of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, which was established to enforce immigration laws and control borders.
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