which approach does procedural programming follow? bottom up, top down, random, or object oriented​

Answer:

Here is the C++ program:

#include<iostream>  // to use input output functions

using namespace std;     //to identify objects like cin cout

void StartChar(string str)  {  // function that takes a word string as parameter and returns the first letter of that word in capital

   int i;  

   char c;

   do  //start of do while loop

   {

   for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {  //iterates through each character of the word str

       if(str.length()>25){  //checks if the length of input word is greater than 25

           cout<<"limit exceeded"; }  //displays this message if a word is more than 25 characters long

      c = str.at(i);   // returns the character at position i

       if (! ( ( c >= 'a' && c <= 'z' ) || ( c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z' ) ) ) {  //checks if the input word is contains characters other than the alphabet

            cout<<str<<" is not a word!"<<endl; break;}  //displays this message if user enters characters other than the alphabet

        if (i == 0) {  //check the first character of the input word

           str[i]=toupper(str[i]);  //converts the first character of the input word to uppercase

           cout<<str<<" starts with letter "<<str[i]<<endl;  }  // prints the letter that the word starts with in capital letter

   }   cout<<"Enter a word: ";  //prompts user to enter a word

      cin>>str;   //reads input word from user

}while(str!="#");   }    //keeps prompting user to enter a word until the user enters #

int main()   //start of the main() function body

{ string str;  //declares a variable to hold a word

cout<<"Enter a word: "; //prompts user to enter a word

cin>>str; //reads input word from user

   StartChar(str); }  //calls function passing the word to it

Explanation:

The program prompts the user to enter a word and then calls StartChar(str) method by passing the word to the function.

The function StartChar() takes that word string as argument.

do while loop starts. The for loop inside do while loop iterates through each character of the word string.

First if condition checks if the length of the input word is greater than 25 using length() method which returns the length of the str. For example user inputs "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa". Then the message limit exceeded is printed on the screen if this if condition evaluates to true.

second if condition checks if the user enters anything except the alphabet character to form a  word. For example user $500. If this condition evaluates to true then the message $500 is not a word! is printed on the screen.

Third if condition checks if the first character of input word, convert that character to capital using toupper() method and prints the first letter of the str word in capital. For example if input word is "Computer" then this prints the message: Computer starts with the letter C in the output screen.

The program keeps prompting the user to enter the word until the user enters a hash # to end the program.

The output of the program is attached.

Answer:

b. Both incremental and iterative development.

Explanation:

Agile software development is based on both incremental and iterative development. It is an iterative method to software delivery in which at the start of a project, software are built incrementally rather than completing and delivering them at once as they near completion.

Incremental development means that various components of the system are developed at different rates and are joined together upon confirmation of completion, while Iterative development means that the team intends to check again components that makes the system with a view to revising and improving on them for optimal performance.

Agile as an approach to software development lay emphasis on incremental delivery(developing system parts at different time), team work, continuous planning and learning, hence encourages rapid and flexible response to change.

Answer: Find answers in the attachments

Explanation:

Answer:

Answered below

Explanation:

A macro or macroinstruction is a programmable pattern which translates a sequence of inputs into output. It is a rule that specifies how a certain input sequence is mapped to a replacement output sequence. Macros makes tasks less repetitive by representing complicated keystrokes, mouse clicks and commands.

By thoroughly testing a macro before deployment, you are able to observe the flow of the macro and also see the result of each action that occurs. This helps to isolate any action that causes an error or produces unwanted results and enable it to be consistent across end user platforms.

Answer:

the issued Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) address.

Explanation:

Since we are told that the user was able to access the network resources yesterday, and all the network equipment in the user's computer is functioning properly, there is a very high possibility that because the user's computer has been issued an Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) address, it affected his computer's ability to connect to a public network.

This is the case because private network IP addresses are known to prevent inflow and outflow of data onto public networks.

Answer:

CREATE VIEW InvoiceBasic  AS

SELECT VendorName, InvoiceNumber, InvoiceTotal  

FROM Invoices JOIN Vendors ON Invoices.InvoiceID = Vendors.VendorID  

WHERE left(VendorName,1) IN ('N' , 'O ' , 'P' )

Explanation:

CREATE VIEW creates a view named InvoiceBasic  

SELECT statements selects columns VendorName, InvoiceNumber and InvoiceTotal   from Invoices table

JOIN is used to combine rows from Invoices and Vendors table, based on a InvoiceID and VendorsID columns.

WHERE clause specified a condition that the first letter of the vendor name is N, O, or P. Here left function is used to extract first character of text from a VendorName column.

Answer:

When students have completed the assignment, they simply click the Mark As Done button to let the teacher know they have finished.

Explanation: Note: The teacher does NOT receive an alert or email notification when work has been turned in, or marked as done.

Answer:

Communication

Collaboration

ICT literacy

Explanation:

These are some of the skills that are needed in the 21st century to compete and thrive in the information society.

To remain progressive, one needs to have good communication skills. These communication skills can include Active Listening and Passive Listening.

Collaboration is important because you'll have to work with other people as no man is an island, we need someone else so the skill of collaboration is necessary to compete and stay relevant in the information society in the 21st century.

IT literacy is also very important because one needs to have basic computer knowledge such as programming, computer essentials and applications, etc.

Answer: Option D -- Sorting an already sorted array of size n with quicksort takes O(n log n) time.

Explanation:

Sorting an already sorted array of size n with quicksort takes O(n log n) time is true about sorting functions while other options are wrong.

Answer:

Middleware

Explanation:

In today's technology like networking, software development, web development, etc, there is a need for connectivity. The problem at hand is the variation of the tech brands which results in the difference in operating systems, applications, and connectivity protocols. This problem is solved with the introduction of Middleware.

Middleware is the solution to conflicting software applications, interconnectivity between various tech platforms. It promotes cross-platform interactions.

Answer: Assembly language

Explanation:

A device driver is a computer program that is in charge of the operation or the controls of a device attached to a computer.

device driver would ordinarily be written in an assembly language. Assembly language is a low-level symbolic code that is converted by an assembler. It is typically designed for a particular type of processor.

Answer:

grep -R  '^foobar'.c > variable && grep -R  'foobar$'.c >> variable

echo $variable | ls -n .

Explanation:

Bash scripting is a language used in unix and linux operating systems to interact and automate processes and manage files and packages in the system. It is an open source scripting language that has locations for several commands like echo, ls, man etc, and globbing characters.

The above statement stores and appends data of a search pattern to an already existing local variable and list them numerically as standard out 'STDOUT'.

Answer:

Complete the program with the following code segment

for(int i =0;i<=3;i++)

{

cout<<offsetAmount[i]+origList[i]<<" ";

}

return 0;

}

Explanation:

The following line is an iteration of variable i from 1 to 3; It iterates through elements of origList and offsetAmount

for(int i =0;i<=3;i++){

This adds and prints the corresponding elements of origList and offsetAmount

cout<<offsetAmount[i]+origList[i]<<" ";

}  The iteration ends here

Answer: Given an array of numbers, arrange them in a way that yields the largest value. For example, if the given numbers are {54, 546, 548, 60}, the arrangement 6054854654 gives the largest value. And if the given numbers are {1, 34, 3, 98, 9, 76, 45, 4}, then the arrangement 998764543431 gives the largest value.

Explanation: If you need more help follow me on istagram at dr.darrien

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Answer:

sfadasda

Explanation:

dsadasdadas

Answer:

Alphabetic character spacing based on the width of each letter in a font. ... Proportional spacing is commonly used for almost all text. In this encyclopedia, the default text is a proportional typeface, and tables are "monospaced," in which all characters have the same fixed width.

hope this answer helps u

pls mark me as brainlitest .-.

Answer:

A. UC ONE Self-Service Center

Explanation:

The UC ONE Self-Service Center is an online platform where one can get detailed information about registration, classes, finances, and other personal details. This is also the portal where one can check class schedule, bill payment, viewing available courses, checking final grades, book ordering, etc.

it gives students all the convenience required for effective learning experience.

The UC ONE platform is a platform found in the portal of University of the Cumberland.

Answer:

The correct answer is "List of posts with the most recent ones at the top".

Explanation:

So that the above would be the appropriate one.

Answer:

When we add another bit, the amount of numbers we can make multiplies by 2. So a two-bit number can make 4 numbers, but a three-bit number can make 8.

The amount of numbers that can be made is multiplied by two for each bit to be added.

The bit is the most basic unit for storing information. Bits can either be represented as either 0 or 1. Data is represented by using this multiple bits.

The amount of numbers that can be gotten from n bits is given as 2ⁿ.

Therefore we can conclude that for each bit added the amount of numbers is multiplied by two (2).

Find more about bit at: https://brainly.com/question/20802846

Answer:

The answer is "associate".

Explanation:

The two-year post-school degree is also known as the associate degree, in which the students pursuing any of this degree, which may take as little as 2 years to complete the course, although many prefer to do it at the same rate. Its first two years of a Bachelor (fresh and sophomore years) were covered by an Associate degree.

Answer:

Here are the methods:

a) count

def count(object, list):  

   counter = 0

   for i in list:

       if i == object:

           counter = counter + 1

   return counter

b) in : return True if the item is in the list

def include(object, list):  

   for i in list:

       if i == object:

           return True

   return False

c)  reverse

def reverse(list):

   first = 0            

   last = len(list)-1    

   while first<last:

       list[first] , list[last] = list[last] , list[first]

       first = first + 1

       last = last - 1

   return list

d) index: return -1 if the item is not in the list  

def index(object, list):

   for x in range(len(list)):

       if list[x] == object:

           return x

   return -1

e)  insert

def insert(object, index, list):

   return list[:index] + [object] + list[index:]

Explanation:

a)

The method count takes object and a list as parameters and returns the number of times that object appears in the list.

counter variable is used to count the number of times object appears in list.

Suppose

list = [1,1,2,1,3,4,4,5,6]

object = 1

The for loop i.e. for i in list iterates through each item in the list

if condition if i == object inside for loop checks if the item of list at i-th position is equal to the object.  So for the above example, this condition checks if 1 is present in the list. If this condition evaluates to true then the value of counter is incremented to 1 otherwise the loop keeps iterating through the list searching for the occurrence of object (1) in the list.

After the complete list is moved through, the return counter statement returns the number of times object (i.e. 1 in the example) occurred in the list ( i.e. [1,1,2,1,3,4,4,5,6]  ) As 1 appears thrice in the list so the output is 3.

b)  

The method include takes two parameters i.e. object and list as parameters and returns True if the object is present in the list otherwise returns False. Here i have not named the function as in because in is a reserved keyword in Python so i used include as method name.

For example if list = [1,2,3,4] and object = 3

for loop for i in list iterates through each item of the list and the if condition if i == object checks if the item at i-th position of the list is equal to the specified object. This means for the above example the loop iterates through each number in the list and checks if the number at i-th position in the list is equal to 3 (object). When this if condition evaluates to true, the method returns True as output otherwise returns False in output ( if 3 is not found in the list). As object 3 is present in the list so the output is True.

c) reverse method takes a list as parameter and returns the list in reverse order.

Suppose list = [1,2,3,4,5,6]

The function has two variables i.e. first that is the first item of the list and last which is the last item of the list. Value of first is initialized to 0 and value of last is initialized to len(list)-1 where len(list) = 6 and 6-1=5 so last=5 for the above example. These are basically used as index variables to point to the first and last items of list.

The while loop executes until the value of first exceeds that of last.

Inside the while loop the statement list[first] , list[last] = list[last] , list[first]  interchanges the values of elements of the list which are positioned at first and last. After each interchange the first is incremented to 1 and last is decremented to 1.

For example at first iteration:

first = 0

last = 5

list[0] , list[5] = list[5] , list[0]

This means in the list [1,2,3,4,5,6] The first element 1 is interchanged with last element 6. Then the value of first is incremented and first = 1, last = 4 to point at the elements 2 and 5 of the list and then exchanges them too.

This process goes on until while condition evaluates to false. When the loop breaks  statement return list returns the reversed list.

d) The method index takes object and list as parameters and returns the index of the object/item if it is found in the list otherwise returns -1

For example list = [1,2,4,5,6] and object = 3

for loop i.e.  for x in range(len(list)):  moves through each item of the list until the end of the list is reached. if statement  if list[x] == object:  checks if the x-th index of the list is equal to the object. If it is true returns the index position of the list where the object is found otherwise returns -1. For the above examples 3 is not in the list so the output is -1  

e) insert

The insert function takes as argument the object to be inserted, the index where the object is to be inserted and the list in which the object is to be inserted.

For example list = [0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6] and object = 3 and index = 3

3 is to be inserted in list  [1,2,4,5] at index position 3 of the list. The statement:

return list[:index] + [object] + list[index:]

list[:index] is a sub list that contains items from start to the index position. For above example:

list[:index] = [0, 1, 2]

list[index:] is a sub list that contains items from index position to end of the list.

list[index:] = [4, 5, 6]

[object] = [3]

So above statement becomes:

[0, 1, 2] + [3] + [4, 5, 6]

So the output is:

[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]    

Answer:

This function will return a character grade for every floating-point grade for every student in the class.

function grade( floatPoint ){

      let text;

      switch ( floatPoint ) {

        case floatPoint < 40.0 :

             text= " F ";

             break;

        case floatPoint == 40.0 :

             text= " P ";

             break;

        case floatPoint > 40.0 && floatPoint <= 50.0 :

             text=  " C ";

             break;

        case floatPoint > 50.0 && floatPoint < 70.0 :

             text=  " B ";

             break;

        case floatPoint >=70.0 && floatPoint <= 100.0 :

             text= " C ";

             break;

        default :

            text= "Floating point must be between 0.0 to 100.0"

      }

     return text;

}

Explanation:

This javascript function would return a character grade for floating-point numbers within the range of 0.0 to 100.0.

Answer:

This is a management system in wireless communication that oversees radio resources and crosstalks between two radio transmitters which make use of the same channel.

Explanation:

Radio Resource Management is a management system in wireless communication that oversees radio resources and crosstalks between two radio transmitters which make use of the same channel. Its aim is to effectively manage the radio network infrastructure. Its advantages include;

1. It allows for multi-users communication instead of point-to-point channel capacity.

2. it increases the system spectral efficiency by a high order of magnitude. The introduction of advanced coding and source coding makes this possible.

3. It helps systems that are affected by co-channel interference. An example of such a system is the wireless network used in computers which are characterized by different access points that make use of the same channel frequencies.

Answer:

The program written in C++ is as follows; (See Explanation Section for explanation)

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

void revstring(string word)

{

   string  stringreverse = "";

   for(int i = word.length() - 1; i>=0; i--)

 {

     stringreverse+=word[i];

 }

 cout<<stringreverse;

}

int main()

{

 string user_input;

 cout << "Enter a string:  ";

 getline (std::cin, user_input);

 getstring(user_input);

 return 0;

}

Explanation:

The method starts here

void getstring(string word)

{

This line initializes a string variable to an empty string

   string  stringreverse = "";

This iteration iterates through the character of the user input from the last to the first

   for(int i = word.length() - 1; i>=0; i--)   {

     stringreverse+=word[i];

 }

This line prints the reversed string

 cout<<stringreverse;

}

The main method starts here

int main()

{

This line declares a string variable for user input

 string user_input;

This line prompts the user for input

 cout << "Enter a string:  ";

This line gets user input

 getline (std::cin, user_input);

This line passes the input string to the method

 revstring(user_input);

 return 0;

}

Answer:

Following are the code to this question:

import java.util.*; //import package for user input

class RetailItem//defining class RetailItem  

{

private String desc;//defining String variable

private int unit;//defining integer variable

private double prices;//defining double variable

RetailItem()//defining default Constructor

{

   //Constructor body

}

Output:

The Sub Total value: 199.75

The Sales Tax value: 11.985

The Total value: $211.735

Explanation:

In the above code three class "RetailItem, CashRegister, and Main" is defined, in the class "RetailItem", it defines three variable that is "desc, unit, and prices", inside the class "get and set" method and the constructor is defined, that calculates its value.

In the next step,  class "CashRegister" is defined, and inside the class parameterized constructor is defined, which uses the get and set method to return its value.  

In the next step, the main class is declared, in the main method two-class object is created and calls its method that are "getSubtotal, getTax, and getTotal".  

There is some technical error that's why full code can't be added so, please find the attached file of code.  

Answer:

c. Cartography.

Explanation:

Cartography is the science and art of making an illustrated map or chart. Geographic information system (GIS) allows users to interpret, analyze, and visualize data in different ways that reveal patterns and trends in the form of reports, charts, and maps.

Basically, cartography is the science and art of depicting a geographical area graphically, mostly on flat surfaces or media like maps or charts. It is an ancient art that was peculiar to the fishing and hunting geographical regions. Geographic information system is an improved and technological form of cartography used for performing a whole lot of activities or functions on data generated from different locations of the Earth.

Answer:

C. Cartography

Explanation:

Answer:

The programming language is not stated; However, the program written in C++ is as follows: (See Attachment)

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

string capt(string result)

{

result[0] = toupper(result[0]);

for(int i =0;i<result.length();i++){

 if(result[i]=='.' || result[i]=='?' ||result[i]=='!')  {

 if(result[i+1]==' ') {

  result[i+2] = toupper(result[i+2]);

 }

 if(result[i+2]==' ')  {

  result[i+3] = toupper(result[i+3]);

 }

 } }

return result;

}

int main(){

string sentence;

getline(cin,sentence);

cout<<capt(sentence);

return 0;

}

Explanation:

The method to capitalize first letters of string starts here

string capt(string result){

This line capitalizes the first letter of the sentence

result[0] = toupper(result[0]);

This iteration iterates through each letter of the input sentence

for(int i =0;i<result.length();i++){

This checks if the current character is a period (.), a question mark (?) or an exclamation mark (!)

if(result[i]=='.' || result[i]=='?' ||result[i]=='!')  {

 if(result[i+1]==' '){  ->This condition checks if the sentence is single spaced

  result[i+2] = toupper(result[i+2]);

-> If both conditions are satisfied, a sentence is detected and the first letter is capitalized

 }

 if(result[i+2]==' '){ ->This condition checks if the sentence is double spaced

  result[i+3] = toupper(result[i+3]);

-> If both conditions are satisfied, a sentence is detected and the first letter is capitalized

 }

}

}  The iteration ends here

return result;  ->The new string is returned here.

}

The main method starts here

int main(){

This declares a string variable named sentence

string sentence;

This gets the user input

getline(cin,sentence);

This passes the input string to the method defined above

cout<<capt(sentence);

return 0;

}

Answer:

I am writing a Python program:

pi=3.14 #the value of pi is set to 3.14

radius = float(input("Enter the radius of sphere: ")) #prompts user to enter the radius of sphere

surface_area = 4 * pi * radius **2 #computes surface area of sphere

volume = (4.0/3.0) * (pi * radius ** 3) #computes volume of sphere

print("Surface Area of sphere is: ", surface_area) #prints the surface area

print("Volume of sphere is: {:.2f}".format(volume)) #prints the volume        

Explanation:

Please see the attachment for the complete interactive code.

The first three lines of print statement in the attached image give a brief description of the program.

Next the program assigns 3.14 as the value of π (pi). Then the program prompts the user to enter the radius. Then it computes the surface area and volume of sphere using the formulas. Then it prints the resultant values of surface area and volume on output screen.

The psuedocode for this program is given below:

PROGRAM SphereVolume

pi=3.14

NUMBER radius, surface_area, volume  

INPUT radius

COMPUTE volume = (4/3) * pi* radius ^3

COMPUTE surface_area = 4 * pi * radius ^ 2

OUTPUT volume , surface_area

END