When we react a weak acid with a strong base of equal amounts and concentration, the component of the reaction that will have the greatest effect on the pH of the solution is:______.
a. the acid.
b. the base.
c. the conjugate acid.
d. the conjugate base.

Answer:

[tex]\large \boxed{\text{0.57 g/mL; 3.7 mL; 6.6 g; 0.366 g/mL}}[/tex]

Explanation:

1. Density from mass and volume

[tex]\text{Density} = \dfrac{\text{mass}}{\text{volume}}\\\\\rho = \dfrac{m}{V}\\\\\rho = \dfrac{\text{8.6 g}}{\text{15 mL}} = \text{0.57 g/mL}\\\text{The density is $\large \boxed{\textbf{0.57 g/mL}}$}[/tex]

2. Volume from density and mass

[tex]V = \text{9.7 g}\times\dfrac{\text{1 mL}}{\text{2.6 g}} = \text{3.7 mL}\\\\\text{The volume is $\large \boxed{\textbf{3.7 mL}}$}[/tex]

3. Mass from density and volume

[tex]\text{Mass} = \text{4.1 cm}^{3} \times \dfrac{\text{1.6 g}}{\text{1 cm}^{3}} = \textbf{6.6 g}\\\\\text{The mass is $\large \boxed{\textbf{6.6 g}}$}[/tex]

4. Density by displacement

Volume of water + object = 24.6 mL

Volume of water                = 12.8 mL

Volume of object               = 11.8 mL

[tex]\rho = \dfrac{\text{4.3 g}}{\text{11.8 mL}} = \text{0.36 g/mL}\\\text{The density is $\large \boxed{\textbf{0.36 g/mL}}$}[/tex]

Your drawing showing water displacement using a graduated cylinder should resemble the figure below.

Answer:

15. Critical angle of glass and water combination, θ = 62.45°

16. Critical angle for the interface between Mystery A and glass, θ = 37.93°

Note; The question is incomplete. The complete question is as follows:

Medium Air Water Glass Mystery A Mystery B Table-2 Speed (m/s) 1.00 C 0.75 c 0.67 0.41 c 0.71 c n 1.00 1.33 1.50 Index of Refraction n of a given medium is defined as the ratio of speed of light in vacuum, c to the speed of light in a medium, v. n = c/v

Table-4: Incident Angle (degrees) Reflected Angle Refracted angle (degrees) (degrees) % Intensity of reflected ray 0 10 20 30 40 50 N/A N/A N/A 30 40 50 0 11.3 22.7 34.2 46.3 59.5 N/A N/A N/A 0.67 1.22 3.08 % Intensity of refracted ray 100 100 100 99.33 98.78 96.92

When rays travel from a denser medium to a less dense medium, we can define a critical angle of incidence θ such that refracted angle θ₂ = 90°. Applying Snell's law: Critical angle θ = sin-1(n₂/n₁).

When the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, 100% of the light intensity is reflected. This is called total internal reflection because all the light is reflected.

15. Calculate the critical angle of glass and water combination. Show your calculation.

16. What is the critical angle for the interface between Mystery A and glass?

Explanation:

15.  Applying Snell's law; Critical angle θ = sin-1(n₂/n₁).

where n₂,refractive index of water = 1.33, n₁, refractive index of glass = 1.50 since glass is denser than water

θ = sin-1(1.33/1.50)

θ = 62.45°

Critical angle of glass and water combination, θ = 62.45°

16.  Refractive index of mystery A , n = c/v

where v = 0.41 c

therefore, n = c / 0.41 c = 2.44

Critical angle for the interface between Mystery A and glass, θ = sin-1(n₂/n₁).

where n₂,refractive index of glass = 1.50, n₁, refractive index of mystery A = 2.44 since mystery A is denser than glass as seen from its refractive index

θ = sin-1(1.50/2.44)

θ = 37.93°

Critical angle for the interface between Mystery A and glass, θ = 37.93°

Answer:

A double bond is formed when two pairs of electrons are shared between the two participating atoms. It is represented by two dashes (=). It is represented by two dashes (=). Double covalent bonds are much stronger than a single bond, but they are less stable

Explanation:

Answer:

[tex]\mathbf {density \ d =4.4845 \ g/cm^3}[/tex]

Explanation:

Let recall the crystal structure of CsBr obtains a BCC structure. In a BCC structure, there exist only two atom per cell.

The density d of CsBr in g/cm³ can be calculated by using the formula:

[tex]\mathtt{ density \ d = \dfrac{z \times molar\ mass \ (M)}{ edge \ length \ (a) \ \times avogadro's \ number \ (N)}}[/tex]

where;

z = 1 mole of CsBr

edge length = 428.7 pm = (4.287 × 10⁻⁸)³ cm

molar mass of CsBr = 212.81 g/mol

avogadro's number = 6.023 × 10²³

[tex]\mathtt{ density \ d = \dfrac{1 \times 212.81}{(4.287 \times 10^{-8})^3 \times 6.023 \times 10^{23}}}[/tex]

[tex]\mathtt{ density \ d = \dfrac{ 212.81}{47.4540533}}[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf {density \ d =4.4845 \ g/cm^3}[/tex]

Answer:

While balancing a chemical equation, we change the coefficient  to balance the number of atoms on each side of the equation

Explanation:

While balancing a chemical equation, we change the coefficient to balance the number of atoms on each side of the equation.

To summarize in chemistry terms, a chemical equation depicts the initial chemicals, or reactants, on the left-hand side and the final compounds, or products, just on right-hand side, divided by an arrow. In the chemical equation, the number of atoms in each element as well as the total charge are the same on opposite of the equation's sides.

Chemical equations are used in chemistry to depict chemical processes by writing the reactants and products in terms of their corresponding chemical formulas. While balancing a chemical equation, we change the coefficient to balance the number of atoms on each side of the equation.

Therefore, while balancing a chemical equation, we change the coefficient to balance the number of atoms on each side of the equation.

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Explanation:

C5H10O2 + NaOH = C2H5COONa + C2H5OH

your result are : sodium propanoate and ethanol

A balanced chemical equation represents atoms and their numbers with their charge. The balanced equation for base hydrolysis is C₅H₁₀O₂ + NaOH → C₂H₅COONa + C₂H₅OH.

Base hydrolysis is the splitting of the ester linkage by the basic molecule. As the result the acidic ester portion makes the salt, and also alcohol is produced as the by-product.

The base hydrolysis of methyl butanoate is shown as,

C₅H₁₀O₂ + NaOH → C₂H₅COONa + C₂H₅OH

Here, sodium propanoate and ethanol are produced by the splitting of methyl butanoate in the presence of the base (NaOH).

Therefore, C₅H₁₀O₂ + NaOH → C₂H₅COONa + C₂H₅OH is balanced reaction.

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Explanation:

An atom undergoes alpha decay by losing a helium atom.

So when bismuth undergoes alpha decay, we have;

²¹⁰₈₃Bi --> ⁴₂He + X

Mass number;

210 = 4 + x

x = 206

Atomic number;

83 = 2 + x

x = 81

The element is Thallium. The symbol is Ti.

For the second part;

X --> ⁴₂He + ²³⁴₉₀Th

Mass number;

x = 4 + 234 = 238

Atomic Number;

x = 2 + 90 = 92

The balanced nuclear equation is;

²³⁸₉₂U --> ⁴₂He + ²³⁴₉₀Th

Answer:

D

Explanation:

Addition of 0.05 M HCl, will react with all of the C2H3O2- from LiAc which will give 0.05 M more HAc. So there will be no Acetate ion left to make the solution buffer. Hence, the correct option for the this question is d, which is adding 0.050 moles of HCl.

The action that destroys the buffer is option c. adding 0.050 moles of HCl.

It is a solution of a weak acid and salt.

Here, The buffer will destroy at the time when either HC2H3O2 or NaC2H3O2 should not be present in the solution.

The addition of equal moles of HCl finishly reacts with equal moles of NaC2H3O2. Due to this,  there will be only acid in the solution.

Since

moles of HC2H3O2 = 1*0.250 = 0.250

moles of NaC2H3O2 = 1*0.050 = 0.050.

moles of HCl is added = 0.050

Now

The reaction between HCl and NaC2H3O2

[tex]HCl + NaC_2H_3O_2 \rightarrow HC_2H_3O_2 + NaCl[/tex]

Now

BCA table is

            NaC2H3O2  HCl       HC2H3O2

Before 0.050 0.050 0.250

Change -0.050 -0.050 +0.050

After 0 0 0.300

Now, the solution contains the acid (HC2H3O2 ) only.

Therefore addition of 0.050 moles of HCl will destroy the buffer.

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Answer:

d) a solution that is 0.025M in HCOOH and 0.025M in HCOONa

Explanation:

The reaction of a weak acid (HOOH) with NaOH is as follows:

HCOOH + NaOH → HCOONa + H₂O

Based on the reaction, 1 mole of the acid reacts with 1 mole of the base (Ratio 1:1).

The initial moles of both species are:

HCOOH: 0.050L × (0.1mol / L) = 0.0050 moles of HCOOH

NaOH: 0.050L × (0.05 mol / L) = 0.0025 moles NaOH

After the reaction, all NaOH reacts with HCOOH producing HCOONa (Because moles of NaOH < moles HCOOH).

Final moles:

HCOOH: 0.0050 moles - 0.0025 moles (After reaction) = 0.0025 moles

HCOONa: Moles HCOONa = Initial Moles NaOH: 0.0025 moles

As volume of the mixture is 100mL (50 from the acid + 50 from NaOH), molarity of both HCOOH and HCOONa is:

0.0025 moles / 0.100L = 0.025M of both HCOOH and HCOONa

Thus, the initial mixture is equivalent to:

Answer:

(a) Chromatography

(b) DNA fingerprinting

(c) Origin

(d) Sweet C consists of more colours than sweet D.

  ii. The speed of colours in sweet C are proportional to one another, while that of colours in D is not.

Explanation:

Chromatography is one of the physical method of separating mixtures. This process composed of the ability of the constituents in a mixture to separate by virtue of rate of movement through a medium, thus separates into constituents.

It can be used to determine the soluble constituents of a given mixture. And for purification purpose.

Explanation:

To calculate [H3O+] in the solution we must first find the pH from the [ OH-]

That's

pH + pOH = 14

pH = 14 - pOH

To calculate the pOH we use the formula

pOH = - log [OH-]

And [OH-] = 5.5 × 10^-5 M

So we have

pOH = - log 5.5 × 10^ - 5

pOH = 4.26

Since we've found the pOH we can now find the pH

That's

pH = 14 - 4.26

pH = 9.74

Now we can find the concentration of H3O+ in the solution using the formula

pH = - log H3O+

9.74 = - log H3O+

Find the antilog of both sides

The solution is basic since it's pH lies in the basic region.

Hope this helps you

Answer:

3BaO + Al₂(SO₄)₃  →  Al₂O₃+ 3BaSO₄

Explanation:

Yes! A reactiin occurs between barium hydroxide and auminium sulphate.

barium sulfate (BaSO4) and aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) are the products obtained in this reaction.

The reaction is given by the equation below;

3BaO + Al₂(SO₄)₃  →  Al₂O₃+ 3BaSO₄

Answer:

The concentration in mol/L =  4.342 mol/L

Explanation:

Given that :

mass of sodium chloride = 25.4 grams

Volume of the volumetric flask = 100 mL

We all know that the molar mass of sodium chloride NaCl = 58.5 g/mol

and number of moles = mass/molar mass

The number of moles of sodium chloride = 25.4 g/58.5 g/mol

The number of moles of sodium chloride = 0.434188 mol

The concentration in mol/L = number of mol/ volume of the solution

The concentration in mol/L = 0.434188 mol/ 100 × 10⁻³ L

The concentration in mol/L =  4.34188 mol/L

The concentration in mol/L =  4.342 mol/L

Answer:

A (I_2(g), Br_2 (g), Cl_2 (g), F_2 (B): The ranking can best be explained by the trend entropy decreases as 5. molar mass decreases.

B (H_2O_2 (g), H_2S(g), H_2O(g): The ranking can best be explained by the decreases a trend entropy decreases as 3. molar mass and structure complexity decreases.

C. (C(s, amorphous), C(s, graphite), C(s, diamond): The ranking can best be explained by the trend entropy decreases as 4. structure complexity decreases.

Explanation:

Hello.

In this case, we can understand a higher entropy when more disorder is present and a lower entropy when less disorder is present, thus:

A (I_2(g), Br_2 (g), Cl_2 (g), F_2 (B): The ranking can best be explained by the trend entropy decreases as 5. molar mass decreases since iodine has the greatest molar mass (254 g/mol) and fluorine the least molar mass (38 g/mol).

B (H_2O_2 (g), H_2S(g), H_2O(g): The ranking can best be explained by the decreases a trend entropy decreases as 3. molar mass and structure complexity decreases since hydrogen peroxide weights 34 g/mol as well as hydrogen sulfide but the peroxide has more bonds (more complex, higher entropy).

C. (C(s, amorphous), C(s, graphite), C(s, diamond): The ranking can best be explained by the trend entropy decreases as 4. structure complexity decreases since diamond has a well-ordered structure and amorphous carbon has a very disordered one.

Best regards.

Answer:

Zeros located at the end of significant figures are significant.

Explanation:

Hope it will help :)

Answer:

A divergent plate boundary  

Explanation:

At a divergent boundary, the plates pull away from each other and generate new crust.

Answer:

Because the ocean becomes larger, this is a divergent plate boundary. Divergent plates cause the ocean floor to expand, making the ocean larger.

Explanation:

PLATO ANSWER

Answer:

Fe(s) + Cu^2+(aq) ---> Fe^2+(aq) + Cu(s)

Explanation:

The ionic equation shows the actual reaction that took place. It excludes the spectator ions. Spectator ions are ions that do not really participate in the reaction even though they are present in the system.

For the reaction between iron and copper II nitrate, the molecular reaction equation is;

Fe(s) + Cu(NO3)2(aq)----> Fe(NO3)2(aq) +Cu(s)

Ionically;

Fe(s) + Cu^2+(aq) ---> Fe^2+(aq) + Cu(s)

Answer:

6.5 mg/L.

Explanation:

Step one: write out and Balance the chemical reaction in the Question above:

NiCl2 + 2AgNO3 =====> 2AgCl + Ni(NO3)2.

Step two: Calculate or determine the number of moles of AgCl.

So, we are given that the mass of AgCl = 3.6 mg = 3.6 × 10^-3 g. Therefore, the number of moles of AgCl can be calculated as below:

Number of moles AgCl = mass/molar mass = 3.6 × 10^-3 g / 143.32. = 2.5118 × 10^-5 moles.

Step three: Calculate or determine the number of moles of NiCl2.

Thus, the number of moles of NiCl2 = 2.5118 × 10^-5/ 2 = 1.2559 × 10^-5 moles.

Step four: detemine the mass of NiCl2.

Therefore, the mass of NiCl2 = number of moles × molar mass = 1.2559 × 10^-5 moles × 129.6 = 1.6 × 10^-3 g.

Step five: finally, determine the concentration of NiCl2.

1000/ 250 × 1.6 × 10^-3 g. = 6.5 mg/L.

Answer:

A. The atomic mass is 243 amu, and the atomic number is 95.

Answer:

А It is hard because its ions are held together by strong electrostatic attractions.

B It is malleable because its atoms can easily move past one another without disrupting the bonding.  

Explanation:

These are correct explanations of the properties of magnesium.

C is wrong. Mg is a good conductor of electricity and it has metallic bonds.

D is wrong. Mg has no molecules. It has no intermolecular forces.

Answer:

B) hydroxide concentration

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, since we are talking about strong both base and acid, since the base is the titrant and the acid the analyte, once the equivalence point has been reached, some additional base could be added before the experimenter realizes about it, therefore, since the titrant is a strong base, it completely dissociates in hydroxide ions and metallic ions which allows us to compute the pOH of the solution by known the hydroxide ions concentration.

After that, due to the fact that the pH is related with the pOH as shown below:

pH=14-pOH

We can directly compute the pH.

Best regards.

Answer:

68%

Explanation:

Since we need a percentage we can use any number we want for our initial value.

5(1/2)^900/1620 = 3.40

(3.40 / 5)*100 = 68%

To make sure lets use a different initial amount

1(1/2)^900/1620 = 0.68

(0.68/1) * 100 = 68%

To solve this question, we'll assume the initial amount of radium-226 to be 1.

Now, we shall proceed to obtaining the percentage of radium-226 that will after 900 years. This can be obtained as illustrated below:

Determination of the number of half-lives that has elapsed.

Half-life (t½) = 1620 years

Time (t) = 900 years

[tex]n = \frac{t}{t_{1/2}}\\\\n = \frac{900}{1620}\\\\n = \frac{5}{9}[/tex]

Determination of the amount remaining

Initial amount (N₀) = 1

Number of half-lives (n) = 5/9

[tex]N = \frac{N_{0} }{2^{n}}\\\\N = \frac{1}{2^{5/9}}[/tex]

Determination of the percentage remaining.

Initial amount (N₀) = 1

Amount remaining (N) = 0.68

Percentage remaining = N/N₀ × 100

Percentage remaining = 0.68/1 × 100

Therefore, the percentage amount of radium-226 that remains after 900 years is 68%

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The given question is incomplete, the complete question is:

How does the spontaneity of the process below depend on temperature? PCI5(9)+H2O(g)POCI3(g) +2HCI(g) -126 kJ mol1, AS = 146 J K-'mol1 ΔΗ Select the correct answer below: nonspontaneous at all temperatures spontaneous at all temperatures spontaneous at high temperatures and nonspontaneous at low temperatures spontaneous at low temperatures and nonspontaneous at high temperatures

Answer:

The correct answer is spontaneous at all the temperatures.

Explanation:

Gibbs Free energy is an essential relation that determines the spontaneity of any reaction, that is, ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

When ΔG is less than zero, that is, negative, the reaction is considered to be in spontaneous state. Based on the given information, ΔH = -126 kJ/mol

= -126000 J/mol, it is negative

ΔS = 146 J/K/mol, it is positive

Now, ΔG = ΔH-TΔS

= (-ve) - T (+ve), Thus, when ΔH, is -ve, ΔS is +ve, -TΔS is -ve, the ΔG will be -ve. Therefore, reaction will be spontaneous at all the temperatures.  

Answer:

Depends on the chemicals.

Explanation:

The creation of something depends on the chemical we have. If I have chemicals such as acid and base so I can produce salt and water by mixing acid and base. If I have ethanol, vegetable oil and sodium hydroxide which is  a catalyst, I can produce biodiesel which can be used in vehicles instead of fossil fuel. If I have sodium element and chlorine gas, I can produce sodium chloride also known as table salt.

Answer:

1. Zinc sulfide : about the same solubility, no common ion is found.

2. Silver chloride : less solubility due to the presence of chloride ions provided by the 0.10 M hydrochloric acid.

3. Lead iodide  : about the same solubility, no common ion is found.

4. Silver hydroxide : about the same solubility, no common ion is found.

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, we first must remember that adding a common ion (which is related with the dissolving solid) decreases the solubility of the insoluble solid due to the fact Le Chatelier's principle states the reaction will shift leftwards (reactants) to reestablish equilibrium, therefore, we have:

1. Zinc sulfide : about the same solubility, no common ion is found.

2. Silver chloride : less solubility due to the presence of chloride ions provided by the 0.10 M hydrochloric acid.

3. Lead iodide  : about the same solubility, no common ion is found.

4. Silver hydroxide : about the same solubility, no common ion is found.

Best regards.

Answer:

pH of the solution is 2.0

Explanation:

The lactic acid is a weak acid that is in equilibrium with water as follows:

Lactic acid + H2O ⇄ Lactate + H₃O⁺

And Ka for lactic acid: 1.38x10⁻⁴

Ka = 1.38x10⁻⁴ = [Lactate] [H₃O⁺] / [Lactic acid]

Initial concentration of lactic acid is (MW: 112.06g/mol):

80g * (1mol / 112.06g) / 1L = 0.714M

The equilibrium concentration of the species in the equilibrium are:

[Lactate] = X

[H₃O⁺] = X

[Lactic acid] = 0.714-X

Replacing in Ka expression:

1.38x10⁻⁴ = [X] [X] / [0.714-X]

9.8532x10⁻⁵ -  1.38x10⁻⁴X = X²

9.8532x10⁻⁵ -  1.38x10⁻⁴X - X² = 0

Solving for X:

X = -1.0x10⁻². False solution, there is no negative concentrations

X = 9.86x10⁻³M. Right solution.

As [H₃O⁺] = X

[H₃O⁺] = 9.86x10⁻³M

and pH = -log [H₃O⁺] = -log 9.86x10⁻³M

pH = 2.0

Answer:

Electrical current drives nonspontaneous reactions in electrolytic cells.

Explanation:

Electrochemical cells are cells that produce electrical energy from chemical energy.

There are two types of electrochemical cells; voltaic cells and electrolytic cells.

A voltaic cell is an electrochemical cell in which electrical energy is produced from spontaneous chemical process while an electrolytic cell is an electrochemical cell where electrical energy is produced from nonspontaneous chemical processes. Current is needed to drive these nonspontaneous chemical processes in an electrolytic cell.

Answer:

electrolytic cells generate electricity through a non-spontaneous reaction while voltaic cells absorb electricity to drive a spontaneous reaction.

Explanation:

Answer via Educere/ Founder's Education

Answer: D - 126.4g

Explanation:  

% Yield = Actual Yield/Theoretical Yield

38% = Actual Yield/332.5

38/100 = Actual Yield/332.5

(.38)(332.5) = 126.35 g = 126.4 g Actual Yield

Answer:

is D. the correct answer

Explanation:

I'm not sure if it is. Please let me know if I'm mistaking.

Answer: [tex]\Delta G^{0}[/tex] = 168.12 kJ

Explanation: Gibbs Free Energy, at any time, is defined as the enthalpy of the system minus product of temperature and entropy of the reaction, i.e.:

[tex]\Delta G^{0} = \Delta H^{0} - T.\Delta S^{0}[/tex]

Enthalpy is defined as internal heat existent in the system. It is calculated as:

[tex]\Delta H^{0} = \Sigma H^{0}_{product} - \Sigma H^{0}_{reagent}[/tex]

Using Enthalpy Formation Table:

[tex]\Delta H^{0} = [3*(-299.9)+(-524.7)] - (-1277)[/tex]

[tex]\Delta H^{0} = 62,6 kJ[/tex]

Entropy is the degree of disorder in the system. It is found by:

[tex]\Delta S^{0} = \Sigma S^{0}_{products} - \Sigma S^{0}_{reagents}[/tex]

Calculating:

[tex]\Delta S^{0} = (-321.7) + 3(-10.8) - 0[/tex]

[tex]\Delta S^{0} = -354.1J[/tex]

And so, Gibbs Free energy will be:

[tex]\Delta G^{0} = \Delta H^{0} - T.\Delta S^{0}[/tex]

[tex]\Delta G^{0} = 62600 - [298.(-354.1)][/tex]

[tex]\Delta G^{0} = 168121.8 J[/tex]

Rounding to the nearest kJ:

[tex]\Delta G^{0}[/tex] = 168.12 kJ

Answer:

4.22

Explanation:

We know from the question, that the pOH of the solution is 9.78. Now the pOH is defined as -log [OH^-].

If the pOH of a solution is given, one may obtain the pH of such solution from the formula;

pH + pOH =14

Hence we can write;

pH = 14-pOH

pH = 14 - 9.78 = 4.22

Hence the pH of the solution is 4.22.