Answer:
B. Gestation period
Explanation:
Gestation, in mammals, the time between conception and birth, during which the embryo or fetus is developing in the uterus. This definition raises occasional difficulties because in some species (e.g., monkeys and man) the exact time of conception may not be known.
Describe the production of an Action Potential in a post-synaptic neuron and its production of an AP in a neuron. Compare the propagation of these AP's (from the trigger zone to the axon terminal) in myelinated and unmyelinated axon.
Answer and Explanation:
The function of neurons is to transmit nerve impulses. The transmission depends on the unequal distribution of ions in the interior and the exterior of the cell.
The cell interior has many negative ions –anions- and k+ ions that cannot get out of the cell, while the extracellular space has many Na+ and Cl- ions.
The charge difference between the interior and the cell exterior is named resting potential difference, representing a non-exited state.
When the neuron is stimulated, many changes in channel proteins occur that let the ions move through the membrane altering the resting-potential difference.
The central nervous system generates an action potential that travels to the target activating the calcium channels. Calcium triggers vesicles fusion to the presynaptic membrane releasing a neurotransmitter into the synaptic space. Once there, the molecule binds to its receptors on the postsynaptic membrane, causing ion channels to open. The activation of different receptors will cause a change in the postsynaptic membrane modifying the cell activity.
Two types of receptors can be found the in te postsynaptic membrane:
Ion channel receptors -or ionotropic- that produce a fast change in the membrane potential when opening. But when the neurotransmitter disappears, the response does it too. Metabotropic receptors that trigger a slow change in the membrane potential. They produce a slower response, but it lasts longer.Depending on the ion flow through the membrane channel receptors, the postsynaptic potential may be depolarizing - excitatory postsynaptic potential, EPP-, or hyperpolarizing - inhibitory postsynaptic potential, IPP-. For instance, the entrance of Na+ ion depolarizes de cell. But if K+ gets out of the cell, it produces hyperpolarization.
Depolarizations or hyperpolarizations can be taken to other regions of the cell. The depolarizing or hyperpolarizing effect will gradually fade as it increases the distance from the potential change origin.
Under physiological conditions, when the axon is stimulated occurs a depolarization. If the stimulus exceeds a threshold level, many sodium gates open simultaneously, and the action potential occurs, responsible for the nerve impulse transmission. Once Na+ channels get closed, K+ channels open. Ions traffic consists of the pass of sodium to the interior of the cell and potassium to the exterior. K+ follows a concentration gradient, while Na+ follows an electrochemical gradient.
When the electrical stimulus is applied to the membrane of the axon it produces depolarization by activating the sodium voltage-dependent channels all along the axon. Depolarization propagates to inactivated regions adjacent to the membrane opening more sodium channels.
There is a directly proportional relationship between the fiber diameter and the conduction velocity. The greater the diameter is, the faster the conduction is. Most axons contain a myelin sheath formed by the envelopment of the axon by glial cells. Myelin is fatty and isolates the axon, so in myelinic regions, there is no ion exchange. So to conduct the impulse, there must be regions without myelin. These regions are the Ranvier nodes, which have channels for ion interchange.
The conduction speed increases in myelinated fibers because of the high concentrations of sodium channels in the Ranvier nodes. Mielinized fibers are thick, and their conduction velocities are very fast.
(Will mark brainliest)
As you know, coronaviruses, influenza viruses, measles viruses, and rhinoviruses all encode RNA-
dependent RNA polymerases. All four of them introduce this gene into host cells. Two of them
ALSO introduce the RdRp enzyme. Which two? Why MUST they carry the polymerase protein in the
virus particle?
Answer:
In order to form more DNA molecules.
Explanation:
These viruses carry the polymerase protein in the virus particle because this protein synthesizes DNA molecules from deoxyribonucleotides. This formation of DNA molecule enables the virus cell to increase in their population. Each and every new cell of virus requires DNA molecules so we can say that this polymerase protein is very important and necessary for virus.
the author of the story the yellow wallpaper
which pair of atom an ionic bond
Allosteric effectors: Question 1 options: can lead to a decrease in the availability of a protien alter enzyme activity by binding to the active site of an enzyme can cause large changes in enzymatic activity decrease the sensitivity of the enzyme at nearly all concentrations of substrate do not alter the sensitivity of a metabolic pathway
Answer:
can cause large changes in enzymatic activity
Explanation:
An enzyme refers to a biological catalyst that is typically used to speed up (accelerate) the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy of its reactants.
An allosteric effector can be defined as an agent, organ or molecule that is being binded to an enzyme at a site, thereby causing a reduction (negative effect) or an increase (positive effect) in an enzyme activity.
When the activation energy of a reaction is low, the rate of the reaction would be faster. Therefore, an enzyme speeds or catalyzes the rate of a reaction by lowering its activation energy.
Additionally, if the conditions are not optimal for an enzyme, it limits the ability of an enzyme to bind or be joined with its substrates.
Furthermore, an increase in temperature increases or speeds up the rate of a reaction while low temperature limits or reduces the rate of a reaction.
In the human body, the optimal temperature for enzymes is around 37 degrees celsius (°C).
In conclusion, an allosteric effector can cause large changes in enzymatic activity because it acts as an intermediary and mediates specific effect in a metabolic pathway.
ls Carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis
Yes.
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
si tienes caspa y te cortas el cabello asta hacerte pelado, se te va la caspa ?
A patient is being treated with carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor. Which of the ions will be affected and what will be the effects on urine/plasma pH and urine volume?
Answer:
bicarbonate ions; urine alkalinization; carbonic anhydrase inhibitors increase urine volume (diuretics drugs)
Explanation:
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are diuretic drugs that have been primarily used to treat glaucoma, a condition where the optic nerve is progressively damaged due to an increased pressure in the eye. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors reduce the production of aqueous humor in the eyes by decreasing bicarbonate (HCO3-) production, thereby also reducing the intraocular pressure, which is useful to treat glaucoma. Diuretics are drugs that are able to increase the volume of urine by stimulating the excretion of salts and water from the kidneys. In the kidneys, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors inhibit HCO3- uptake by the proximal tubule, leading to urine alkalinization.
Olive oil, butter, and margarine all contain:
a. carbohydrates
b. lipids
c. nucleic acids
d. proteins
IN YOUR OWN WORDS, what is the definition for Turner's Syndrome
Explanation:
Turner's syndrome is condition that apparently affects only female, results when one of the X chromosomes (sex chromosomes) is missing.
Hope this helps you!
Plz answer my question i asked before this (plz, i will give brainliest to u if answered correctly)
Answer:
is that the one i answered already...
Explanation:
Cells in the leaves of plants contain specialized structures called
chloroplasts. How are chloroplasts related to the function of the leaf cells?
A. Chloroplasts absorb substances from the soil.
B. Chloroplasts transport water and nutrients through the plant.
C. Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts.
D. Plant reproduction occurs in chloroplasts.
SUBMIT
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts
Answer: The answer is C
Explanation: Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts
because in the chloroplast the chlorophyll presents allow the energy in sunlight to drive chemical reactions. Chloroplasts act as energy transducers converting light energy into chemical energy.
HOPE THIS HELPS!!!
What happens to the body when motor neurons are injured?
ANSWER:
Lesions are areas of damage to motor neurons. Damage to upper motor neurons stops the signals your muscles need to move. When your muscles don't move for a long time, they become weak and stiff. Over time, it can become harder to walk and control your movement.
Explanation:
I hope it will help you
based on the map shown above which statement is most accurate
a. Solar energy is most available in the southeastern part of the united states
b. solar energy is most available in the northwestern part of the united states
c. solar energy is most available in the southwestern part of thw united states
d. solar energy is evenly available all over the united states.
Answer: C. solar energy is most available in the southwestern part of thw united states
Explanation: Please mark brainliest if correct - I need one more to get to the next level thanks
can anyone answer this
Answer:
1. nucleus
2. chloroplast
3. ATP
4.Endoplasmic Reticulum
Explanation:
HOPE THIS HELPS U
PLS MARK BRAINLIEST
What renal actions does angiotensin II have that are not related to its ability to produce vasoconstriction
Answer:
Angiotensin II is a main effector of RAS and is produced due to the release of the renin that forms in the kidney, angiotensin in turn stimulates the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex.
Angiotensin II serves various roles other than vasoconstriction to maintain blood pressure that are:
1. Autoregulation of GFR
2. Reduction of salt excretion through direct and indirect actions on renal tubular cells,
3. Growth modulation of renal cells - these express AT1 receptors.
The transfer of heat by the movement of matter, such as the flow between the warm and cool parts of a
liquid, is an example of:
O A. Radiation
B. Conduction
OC. Induction
D. Convection
How are all fungi and all protists alike?
Explanation:
Since plants and fungi are both derived from protists, they share similar cell structures. Unlike animal cells, both plant and fungal cells are enclosed by a cell wall. As eukaryotes, both fungi and plants have membrane-bound nuclei, which contain DNA condensed with the help of histone proteins.
Which of the following is a type of heat transfer?
O A. Coriolis
B. Conduction
OC. Transference
OD. Induction
Answer:
option B
b
b
b
b
b
b
B
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
b
Which of the following is an example of an anabolic reaction?
A
citric acid cycle
B
fatty acid decarboxylation
C
glycolysis
D
photosynthesis
What is a gene? Can someone tell me what is Euchromatin? Is Euchromatin also called a Gene? What's the difference between these two?
Answer:
In biology, a gene is a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that encodes the synthesis of a gene product, either RNA or protein. During gene expression, the DNA is first copied into RNA.
Euchromatin is a lightly packed form of chromatin that is enriched in genes, and is often under active transcription. Euchromatin comprises the most active portion of the genome within the cell nucleus. 92% of the human genome is euchromatic.
The genes present in heterochromatin are usually inactive. The genes present in euchromatin are either already active or will be active during growth. Heterochromatin is transcriptionally-inactive. Euchromatin is transcriptionally. (This one here is the difference)
Chang wants to build a circuit that will light up a bulb from a flashlight, and has a battery, switch, wire, and a light bulb.
Which component would Chang use as the source of energy?
the battery
the switch
the wire
the light bulb
The battery component would Chang use as the source of energy.
What is Battery?Batteries consist of one or more cells, each of which undergoes chemical processes to produce an electron flow in a circuit.
Each battery has three primary components: an anode (the "-" side), a cathode (the "+" side), and an electrolyte of some sort.
When the cathode and anode of a battery are connected to a circuit, a chemical reaction takes place between the anode and the electrolyte. Following this reaction, electrons return to the cathode and experience a second chemical change.
Therefore, The battery component would Chang use as the source of energy.
To learn more about Battery, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/11670669
#SPJ7
Are there any combinations that give rise to both black and white-fur offspring?
Answer:
Two samezygous black(FF)
Wrong answers will be deleted and reported.
Plz, help! Mild fever, chills, headache, and swollen glands are symptoms of:
1.)rubella
2.)influenza
3.)measles
4.)mumps
thank you for your help!
4.) mumps or Mononucleosis
Answer:
4 ) mumps or Mononucleosis
Explanation:
Which of these provides evidence from development biology of a shared evolutionary history ?
[tex] \huge \mathtt \red{answer}[/tex]
the leg of the whale and the skeletal structure of it provides the evidence from developmental biology of a shared evolutionary history.
Answer:
D. The skeletal structures of a leg of a horse and a flipper of a whale are very similar.
Explanation:
Which of the following best describes bacteriophage?
w
A.A bacterium that obtains energy by feeding on other bacteria
B.A virus that infects bacteria
C.A virus that passes eukaryotic genes to prokaryotes
D.A bacterium that takes in free DNA from its environment
Answer:
b. A virus that infects bacteria.
please answer this too:)) :((
Answer:
Northern Hemisphere
The Northern Hemisphere receives the direct sun rays while the angle of sunlight decreases in the Southern Hemisphere.
The production of mutations
Answer:
Matution include changes as small as the substitution of a single DNA building block, nucleotide base, with another nucleotide base.... Other matutions result in abnormal protein product.
The haploid cells join during sexual reproduction are called _______?
a) stamens
b) spindles
c) pistils
d) gametes
Answer:
Gametes
Explanation:
Gametes are an organism's reproductive cells. They are also referred to as sex cells. Female gametes are called ova or egg cells, and male gametes are called sperm. Gametes are haploid cells, and each cell carries only one copy of each chromosome.
A heterozygous tall (Tt) plant is crossed at with a short plant (tt). The probability that offspring plants will be tall is
a. 25%
b. 50%
c. 75%
d. 100%
The answer is 50%, or B.
