The volume of an ideal gas is held constant. Determine the ratio P2/P1 of the final pressure to the initial pressure when the temperature of the gas rises (a) from 46 to 92 K and (b) from 35.4 to 69.0 oC.

Answer:

5 Br₂ + S₂O₃²⁻ + 5 H₂O ⇒ 10 Br⁻ + 2 SO₄²⁻ + 10 H⁺

Explanation:

We will balance the redox reaction through the ion-electron method.

Step 1: Identify both half-reactions

Reduction: Br₂ ⇒ Br⁻

Oxidation: S₂O₃²⁻ ⇒ SO₄²⁻

Step 2: Perform the mass balance, adding H⁺ and H₂O where appropriate

Br₂ ⇒ 2 Br⁻

5 H₂O + S₂O₃²⁻ ⇒ 2 SO₄²⁻ + 10 H⁺

Step 3: Perform the charge balance, adding electrons where appropriate

2 e⁻ + Br₂ ⇒ 2 Br⁻

5 H₂O + S₂O₃²⁻ ⇒ 2 SO₄²⁻ + 10 H⁺ + 10 e⁻

Step 4: Make the number of electrons gained and lost equal

5 × (2 e⁻ + Br₂ ⇒ 2 Br⁻)

1 × (5 H₂O + S₂O₃²⁻ ⇒ 2 SO₄²⁻ + 10 H⁺ + 10 e⁻)

Step 5: Add both half-reactions

5 Br₂ + S₂O₃²⁻ + 5 H₂O ⇒ 10 Br⁻ + 2 SO₄²⁻ + 10 H⁺

Solution :

We know that :

[tex]$\Delta T_f = k_f.m$[/tex]  and   [tex]$m=\frac{w_2}{m_2 \times w_1}$[/tex]

Then, [tex]$\Delta T_f = k_f.\frac{w_2}{m_2.w_1}$[/tex]   ..................(1)

Where,

[tex]w_1[/tex] = amount of solvent (in kg)

[tex]w_2[/tex] = amount of solute (in kg)

[tex]m_2[/tex] = molar mass of solute (g/mole)

[tex]m[/tex] = molality of solution (mole/kg)

Given :

[tex]\Delta T_f[/tex] = [tex]3.14\ ^\circ C[/tex],   [tex]k_f= 5.12\ ^\circ C/m[/tex]

                              [tex]=5.12 \ ^\circ C/mole/kg[/tex]

                              [tex]=5.12 \ ^\circ C \ kg/mole[/tex]

[tex]w_1[/tex] = 0.250 kg,  [tex]w_2[/tex] = 24.3 g

Then putting this values in the equation is (1),

[tex]$3.14 = \frac{5.12 \times 24.3}{m_2 \times 0.250}$[/tex]

[tex]$m_2 = \frac{5.12 \times 24.3}{3.14 \times 0.250}$[/tex]

[tex]m_2= 158.49[/tex]  g/mole

So, the molar mass of the unknown compound is 158.49 g/mole.

Answer:

Explanation:

Na2CO3+Ca(NO3)2=CaCO3+2NaNO3

nNa2CO3=0.02

nCa(NO3)2=0.02

mCaCO3=0.02*100=2 gram

nNaNo3=0.04

Cm=2/15

From the calculation, the mass of the product is 2 g.

A chemical reaction occurs when two more substances are mixed together. In this case, the reaction is shown by; Ca(NO3)2 + Na2CO3 ----> CaCO3(s) + 2NaNO3.

Number of moles of Na2CO3 = 100/1000 L *  0.2 mol/L = 0.02 moles

Number of moles of  Ca(NO3)2 = 200/1000 L *  0.1 mol/L = 0.02 moles

Since the reaction is equimolar, amount of the product = 0.02 moles * 100 g/mol = 2 g

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Answer:

Answer is A.

Explanation:

The indivisibility of an atom was proved wrong: an atom can be further subdivided into protons, neutrons and electrons. According to Dalton, the atoms of same element are similar in all respects. However, atoms of some elements vary in their masses and densities. These atoms of different masses are called isotopes. :)

[tex]\\ \large\sf\longmapsto KNO_3[/tex]

[tex]\\ \large\sf\longmapsto 39u+14u+3(16u)[/tex]

[tex]\\ \large\sf\longmapsto 53u+48u[/tex]

[tex]\\ \large\sf\longmapsto 101u[/tex]

[tex]\\ \large\sf\longmapsto 101g/mol[/tex]

Now

[tex]\boxed{\sf No\:of\:moles=\dfrac{Given\:mass}{Molar\:mass}}[/tex]

[tex]\\ \large\sf\longmapsto No\:of\:moles=\dfrac{0.565}{101}[/tex]

[tex]\\ \large\sf\longmapsto No\:of\:moles=0.005mol[/tex]

We know

[tex]\boxed{\sf Molarity=\dfrac{Moles\:of\:solute}{Vol\:of\:Solution\:in\:L}}[/tex]

[tex]\\ \large\sf\longmapsto Molarity=\dfrac{0.005}{\dfrac{250}{1000}L}[/tex]

[tex]\\ \large\sf\longmapsto Molarity=\dfrac{0.005}{0.250}[/tex]

[tex]\\ \large\sf\longmapsto Molarity=0.02M[/tex]

[tex] \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: [/tex]

Answer:

COOHCOOH + 2OH⁻ ⇄  C₂O₄²⁻ + 2H₂O

Explanation:

The reaction of oxalic acid with a strong base like sodium hydroxide is the following:

COOHCOOH + OH⁻ ⇄ COOHCOO⁻ + H₂O    (1)

In this first reaction, the oxalic acid loses one proton. In a second reaction with NaOH, the ion COOHCOO⁻ loses its second proton to form ion oxalate as follows:

COOHCOO⁻ + OH⁻ ⇄ C₂O₄²⁻ + H₂O      (2)  

The general reaction between oxalic acid and NaOH is (eq 1 + eq 2):

COOHCOOH + 2OH⁻ ⇄  C₂O₄²⁻ + 2H₂O              

I hope it helps you!  

Answer:

cm3 = 2500.0 g / 10.5 g/cm3 = 238 cm3

Answer:

Nitrobenzene < Bromobenzene < Benzene < Phenol

Explanation:

Aromatic compounds undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction in the presence of relevant electrophiles. Certain substituents tend to increase or decrease the tendency of an aromatic compound towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.

Substituents that increase the electron density around the ring such as in phenol tends to make the ring more reactive towards electrophilic substitution. Halogens such as bromine has a -I inductive effect as well as a +M mesomeric effect.

However the -I(electron withdrawing effect) of the halogens supersedes the +M electron donation due to mesomeric effect.

Putting all these together, the order of increasing reactivity of the compounds towards electrophilic aromatic substitution is;

Nitrobenzene < Bromobenzene < Benzene < Phenol

Answer:

0.1 mol

Explanation:

6/(15*3+15)

0.1 mol moles of (CH3)3NH+ are in 6.0 g of (CH3)3NH+

The mole, symbol mol, exists as the SI base unit of the amount of substance. The quantity amount of substance exists as a measure of how many elementary entities of a provided substance exist in an object or sample.A mole corresponds to the mass of a substance that includes 6.023 x 1023 particles of the substance. The mole exists the SI unit for the amount of a substance. Its symbol stands mol.

The compound trimethylamine, (CH3 )3N, exists as a  weak base when dissolved in water.

A mole exist expressed as 6.02214076 × 1023 of some chemical unit, be it atoms, molecules, ions, or others. The mole exists as a convenient unit to utilize because of the great number of atoms, molecules, or others in any substance.

To find the amount of the substance (CH3)3NH+ to calculate its molar mass:

M((CH3)3NH+) = (12+3)*3 + 14+1 = 60 g/mol

n((CH3)3NH+) = m/M

m((CH3)3NH+) = 6g

Thus,

n((CH3)3NH+) = 6g/60 g/mol = 0.1 mol

Hence,

n((CH3)3NH+) = 0.1 mol

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Answer:

Haematology is the specialty important for the diagnosis and management of a wide range of benign and malignant disorders of the red and white blood cells, platelets and the coagulation system in adults and children.

Answer:

+0.151, spontaneous

Explanation:

Given that;

Co^2+(aq) + 2e ---->Co(s) -0.28 V

Pb^2+(aq) + 2e ---->Pb(s). -0.13 V

Hence Co is the anode and Pb is the cathode

E°cell = E°cathode - E°anode

So;

E°cell = -0.13 V - (-0.28 V)

E°cell = 0.15 V

The cell reaction is spontaneous since E°cell is positive.

385 x 42.13 x 0.079 = 1281.38395

The equilibrium constant for the reaction is K = 0.137

We obtain the equilibrium constant considering the following equilibria and their constants:

COO(s) + H₂(g) → Co(s) + H₂O(g)    K₁ = 67

COO(s) + CO(g) → Co(s) + CO₂(g)   K₂ = 490

We write the first reaction in the forward direction because we need H₂(g) in the reactants side:

(1)     COO(s) + H₂(g) → Co(s) + H₂O(g)    K₁ = 67

Then, we write the second reaction in the reverse direction because we need CO₂(g) in the reactants side. Thus, the equilibrium constant for the reaction in the reverse direction is the reciprocal of the constant for the reaction in the forward direction (K₂):

(2)   Co(s) + CO₂(g) → COO(s) + CO(g)   K₂ = 1/490

From the addition of (1) and (2), we obtain:

COO(s) + H₂(g) → Co(s) + H₂O(g)    K₁ = 67

+

Co(s) + CO₂(g) → COO(s) + CO(g)   K₂ = 1/490

-------------------------------------------------

H₂(g) +  CO₂(g) → CO(g) + H₂O(g)

Notice that Co(s) and COO(s) are removed that appear in the same amount at both sides of the chemical equation.

Now, the equilibrium constant K for the reaction that is the sum of other two reactions is calculated as the product of the equilibrium constants, as follows:

K = K₁ x K₂ = 67 x 1/490 = 67/490 = 0.137

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Answer:

a) 4p ⇒ 4s  transition is Allowed

b) 3d ⇒ 4s transition not allowed

Explanation:

a) 4p ⇒ 4s  transition

This transition is allowed because for a 4p state; l = 1 and for a 4s state I = 0

hence Δl = 1 - 0 = 1

Energy of 4p ( Ei ) = 3.75eV

Energy of 4s ( E2 ) = 3.19 eV

where : λ = 1240 eV nm / ( E₂ - E₁ )

                = 2214 nm ≈ 2.214 μm

b) 3d ⇒ 4s transition

This transition is not allowed  

a 3d state , l = 2 while for 4s state l = 0

hence Δl = 2 - 0 = 2

therefore the transition is not allowed

Answer:

Explanation:

A balanced chemical equation refers to the reaction taking place whereby the number of atoms associated in the reactants side is equivalent to the number of atoms on the products side.

From the given information, the balanced equations are as follows:

[tex]\mathbf{(a) \ \ \ Ti(s) + O_{2(g)} \to TiO_{2(s)}}[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf{(b) \ \ \ 2Ag_{2}O \to 4Ag_{(s)} + O_{2(g)}}[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf{(c) \ \ \ 2C_3H_7OH + 9O_2 \to 6CO_2+8H_2O}[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf{(d) \ \ \ 2C_5 H_{12}O \to 10 CO_2 + 12 H_2O}[/tex]

Answer:

Specific Heat Capacity

Answer:

Dung dịch nào sau đây chỉ chứa các ion (bỏ qua sự điện li của nước, các chất điện li mạnh phân li hoàn toàn)?

A. HBr, Na2S, Mg(OH)2, Na2CO3.

B. H2SO4, NaOH, NaCl, HF.

C. HNO3, H2SO4, KOH, K2SiO3.

D. Ca(OH)2, KOH, CH3COOH, NaCl.

Kc = [CH4]×[H2O] / [CO]×[H2]^3

Kc = 1.078×0.878 / (0.989×0.933^3)

Kc = 0.977

The numerical value of the equilibrium constant, Kc, for the given reaction is found to be 0.977.

The Equilibrium constant may be defined as the numerical value that significantly indicated the correlation between the amounts of products and reactants present at equilibrium in a reversible chemical reaction at a definite temperature.

According to the question, the reaction is as follows:

[tex]CO +3H_2[/tex] ↔ [tex]CH_4+ H_2O[/tex].

The equilibrium concentrations are 0.989 M, 0.993 M, 1.078 M and 0.878 M, respectively.

Now, the equilibrium constant is calculated by the following formula:

             =  1.078×0.878 / (0.989×0.93[tex]3^3[/tex]).

             = 0.9464/(0.989 × 0.8121)

             =  0.977.

Therefore, the numerical value of the equilibrium constant, Kc, for the given reaction is found to be 0.977.

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Answer:

Explanation:

1. A solution is made by dissolving 5.84g of NaCl is enough distilled water to a give a final volume of 1.00L. What is the molarity of the solution? a. 0.100 M b. 1.00 M c. 0.0250 M d. 0.400 M 2. A 0.9% NaCl (w/w) solution in water is a. is made by mixing 0.9 moles of NaCl in a 100 moles of water b. made and has the same final volume as 0.9% solution in ethyl alcohol c. a solution that boils at or above 100°C d. All the above (don't choose this one) 3. In an exergonic process, the system a. gains energy b. loses energy c. either gains or loses energy d. no energy change at all

Answer:

[tex]\boxed {\boxed {\sf 0.100 \ M }}[/tex]

Explanation:

Molarity is a measure of concentration in moles per liter.

[tex]molarity = \frac{moles \ of \ solute}{liters \ of \ solution}}[/tex]

The solution has 5.84 grams of sodium chloride or NaCl and a volume of 1.00 liters.

We are given the mass of solute in grams, so we must convert to moles. This requires the molar mass, or the mass of 1 mole of a substance. These values are found on the Periodic Table as the atomic masses, but the units are grams per mole, not atomic mass units.

We have the compound sodium chloride, so look up the molar masses of the individual elements: sodium and chlorine.

The chemical formula (NaCl) contains no subscripts, so there is 1 mole of each element in 1 mole of the compound. Add the 2 molar masses to find the compound's molar mass.

There are 58.4397693 grams of sodium chloride in 1 mole. We will use dimensional analysis and create a ratio using this information.

[tex]\frac {58.4397693 \ g\ \ NaCl} {1 \ mol \ NaCl}[/tex]

We are converting 5.84 grams to moles, so we multiply by that value.

[tex]5.84 \ g \ NaCl *\frac {58.4397693 \ g\ NaCl} {1 \ mol \ NaCl}[/tex]

Flip the ratio. It remains equivalent and the units of grams of sodium chloride cancel.

[tex]5.84 \ g \ NaCl *\frac {1 \ mol \ NaCl}{58.4397693 \ g\ NaCl}[/tex]

[tex]5.84 *\frac {1 \ mol \ NaCl}{58.4397693 }[/tex]

[tex]0.09993194823 \ mol \ NaCl[/tex]

We can use the number of moles we just calculated to find the molarity. Remember there is 1 liter of solution.

[tex]molarity= \frac{moles \ of \ solute}{liters \ of \ solution}[/tex]

[tex]molarity= \frac{ 0.09993194823 \ mol \ NaCl}{1 \ L}[/tex]

[tex]molarity= 0.09993194823 \ mol \ NaCl/L[/tex]

The original measurements of mass and volume have 3 significant figures, so our answer must have the same. For the number we calculated, that is the thousandths place. The 9 in the ten-thousandths place tells us to round the 9 to a 0, but then we must also the next 9 to a 0, and the 0 to a 1.

[tex]molarity \approx 0.100 \ mol \ NaCl/L[/tex]

1 mole per liter is 1 molar or M. We can convert the units.

[tex]molarity \approx 0.100 \ M \ NaCl[/tex]

The molarity of the solution is 0.100 M.

Answer:

The answer is "17200 years".

Explanation:

Given:

[tex]A = 20 \ \frac{counts}{minute}\\\\A_{o} = 160\ \frac{counts}{minute}[/tex]

Let the half-life of carbon-14, is beta emitter, is [tex]T = 5730\ years[/tex]

Constant decay [tex]\ w = \frac{0.693}{ T}[/tex]

[tex]= 1.209 \times 10^{-4} \ \frac{1}{year}\\[/tex]

The artifact age [tex]t= ?[/tex]

[tex]A = A_{o} e^{-wt} \\\\e^{-wt} = \frac{A}{A_{o}}\\\\-wt = \ln \frac{A}{A_{o}}\\\\= -2.079\\\\t = 1.7199 \times 10^{4} \ years\\\\\sim \ 17200\ years\\[/tex]

Answer:

Sorry but i don't undertsnad the question.

Explanation:

Answer:

A physical change is a change to the physical—as opposed to chemical—properties of a substance. They are usually reversible. The physical properties of a substance include such characteristics as shape, color, texture, flexibility, density, and mass.

A chemical change happens when one chemical substance is transformed into one or more different substances, such as when iron becomes rust.

Do u want examples ?

Answer:

Half life is the time taken by a radio active isotope to reduce by half of its original amount. Radium-226 has a half life of 1602 years meaning that it would take 1602 years for a mass of radium to reduce by half.

Number of half lives in 9612 years = 9612/1602 = 6 half lives

New mass = Original mass x (1/2)n where n is the number of half lives.

Therefore, New mass= 500 x (1/2)∧6

                                 = 500 x 0.015625

                                 = 7.8125 g

Hence the mass of radium after 9612 years will be 7.8125 grams.

Explanation:

Answer:

[tex]\boxed {\boxed {\sf 6.25 \ grams}}[/tex]

Explanation:

We are asked to find the mass of a sample of radium-226 after half-life decay. We will use the following formula:

[tex]A= A_o *\frac{1}{2}^{\frac{t}{h}}[/tex]

In this formula, [tex]A_o[/tex] is the initial amount, t is the time, and h is the half-life.

For this problem, the initial amount is 200 grams of radium-226, the time is 8,000 years, and the half-life is 1,600 years.

[tex]\bullet \ A_o= 200 \ g \\\\bullet \ t= 8,000 \ \\\bullet \ h= 1,600[/tex]

Substitute the values into the formula.

[tex]A= 200 \ g * \frac{1}{2} ^{\frac{8.000}{1,600}[/tex]

Solve the fraction in the exponent.

[tex]A= 200 \ g * \frac{1}{2}^{5}[/tex]

Solve the exponent.

[tex]A= 200 \ g *0.03125[/tex]

[tex]A= 6.25 \ g[/tex]

In addition, we can solve this another way. First, we find the number of half-lives by dividing the total time by the half-life.

Every half-life, 1/2 of the mass decays. Divide the initial mass in half, then that result in half, and so on 5 times.

After 8,000 years, 6.25 grams of radium-226 remains.

Answer:

“Magma” is exclusively found and formed beneath the earth’s surface. Once magma is on or above the surface of the earth it is referred to as “lava.” Magma is typically formed by extreme temperature melting solid rock within the earth. Pressure and rock composition can also affect magma formation. High pressure can help magma be “squeezed” from partially molten rock. Likewise, as rocks are usually composed of different minerals with different melting points, magma formation from rocks is usually only partial and uneven.

Explanation:

Answer:

They have a rock surface composition.

Explanation:

I hope this will help you

Answer:

[tex]\boxed {\boxed {\sf 4.685 \times 10^{24} \ Fe \ atoms}}[/tex]

Explanation:

We are asked to convert grams of iron to atoms of iron.

First, we convert grams to moles. We use the molar mass or the mass in 1 mole of a substance. This is found on the Periodic Table because the molar mass is equal to the atomic mass, but the units are grams per mole instead of atomic mass units. Look up iron's molar mass.

We convert using dimensional analysis, so we must set up a ratio using the molar mass.

[tex]\frac {55.84 \ g \ Fe}{ 1 \ mol \ Fe}[/tex]

We are converting 434.52 grams to moles, so we multiply by this value.

[tex]434.52 \ g \ Fe *\frac {55.84 \ g \ Fe}{ 1 \ mol \ Fe}[/tex]

Flip the ratio so the units of grams of iron cancel.

[tex]434.52 \ g \ Fe *\frac { 1 \ mol \ Fe}{55.84 \ g \ Fe}[/tex]

[tex]434.52 *\frac { 1 \ mol \ Fe}{55.84}[/tex]

[tex]\frac { 434.52}{55.84} \ mol \ Fe[/tex]

[tex]7.781518625 \ mol \ Fe[/tex]

Next, we convert moles to atoms. We use Avogadro's Number or 6.02 ×10²³. It is the number of particles (atoms, molecules, formula units, etc) in 1 mole of a substance. For this problem, the particles are atoms of iron. We set up another ratio using this number.

[tex]\frac {6.02 \times 10^{23} \ atoms \ Fe }{ 1 \ mol \ Fe}[/tex]

Multiply by the number of moles we calculated.

[tex]7.781518625 \ mol \ Fe *\frac {6.02 \times 10^{23} \ atoms \ Fe }{ 1 \ mol \ Fe}[/tex]

The units of moles of iron cancel.

[tex]7.781518625 *\frac {6.02 \times 10^{23} \ atoms \ Fe }{ 1 }[/tex]

[tex]4.68447421 \times 10^{24} \ atoms \ Fe[/tex]

The correct answer choice is Choice 3: 4.685 × 10²⁴ atoms of iron.

Answer:

W = -120 KJ

Explanation:

Since the piston–cylinder assembly undergoes an isothermal process, then the temperature is constant.

Thus; T1 = T2 = 400K

change in entropy; ΔS = −0.3 kJ/K

Formula for change in entropy is written as;

ΔS = Q/T

Where Q is amount of heat transferred.

Thus;

Q = ΔS × T

Q = -0.3 × 400

Q = -120 KJ

From the first law of thermodynamics, we can find the workdone from;

Q = ΔU + W

Where;

ΔU is Change in the internal energy

W = Work done

Now, since it's an ideal gas model, the change in internal energy is expressed as;

ΔU = m•C_v•ΔT

Where;

m is mass

C_v is heat capacity at constant volume

ΔT is change in temperature

Now, since it's an isothermal process where temperature is constant, then;

ΔT = T2 - T1 = 0

Thus;

ΔU = m•C_v•ΔT = 0

ΔU = 0

From earlier;

Q = ΔU + W

Thus;

-120 = 0+ W

W = -120 KJ

Answer:

D

Explanation:

We have to bear in mind that the acid is a weak acid. A weak acid does not dissociate completely in solution. We will have more concentration of undissociated acid than A^- and H3O^+ and OH^- in the system at equilibrium.

Being a weak acid, there is maximum concentration of water molecules followed by that of undissiociated acid.

Hence, for this solution, the concentration of ions in solution follows the order;

[H2O] > [HA] > [A-] ~ [H3O ] > [OH-]

Answer:

Anaxagoras was perhaps the first literate person to attempt to explain physical phenomena rationally, basing his ideas upon careful observations and simple experiments. This is fundamental to modern science and is the sine qua non of environmental study.

Answer:

Explanation:

418.4kj is the correct answer