Answer:
c.$27,284.90 unfavorable
Explanation:
Standard variable overhead rate =$27.00
Standard hours allowed per completed unit =4.3
Actual production unit =971
Actual variable overhead costs =$140,018
Variable factory overhead controllable variance = (Standard variable overhead rate * Standard hours allowed per completed unit * Actual production unit) - Actual variable overhead costs
Variable factory overhead controllable variance = ($27 * 4.3 * 971) - $140,018
Variable factory overhead controllable variance = $112,733.1 - $140,018
Variable factory overhead controllable variance = $27,284.9 (Unfavorable)
Quality improvement teams are groups of people from various work areas who define, analyze, and solve common production problems.
a. True
b. False
Answer: True
Explanation:
The quality improvement teams are groups of employees that are from various departments who come together and meet regularly in order to define, analyze, and then solve common production problems.
The aim of the quality improvement team is to improve the production process. This is achievable by them working on their methods.
Given the following information. Which of the statements below can you support with this information?
Maximum capacity (labor hours): 480 hours per week
Effective capacity ratio: 85 %
Actual time worked: 380 hours per week over the last two weeks
On-time delivery %: 75 percent of the jobs are being completed on time
a. More capacity needs to be added in the short term to improve performance in the system.
b. We need to look at variability in the rate at which jobs enter the shop.
c. Our workforce is not working hard enough.
d. Our workforce may be waiting on delayed arrivals of inputs needed to do the work.
Describe the reasons why you selected the specific option(s) that you did.
Answer:
d. Our workforce may be waiting on delayed arrivals of inputs needed to do the work.
Explanation:
There are two possible sources for 25% of the jobs not being delivered on time:
we have a problem with inputs required (materials or labor)we have a problem with the capacity of our facilityIf we followed Juran's Law, we can simply assume that the problem here has to do with our productive system (like 85% of production errors). Two clear problems are obvious:
only 380 hours worked out of total of 480 hours per week ⇒ why didn't anyone work during the remaining 100 hours? Is there a delay with the inputs or we don't have enough workers?only 85% of the facility's capacity is being used ⇒ why only 85% of the effective capacity ratio? If we are finishing jobs late, why do we have 15% of unused capacity?Obviously we cannot answer these questions just be reading two paragraphs, but that is what should be answered in order to solve the issues.
Which of these does NOT describe a friction that might prevent firms from choosing the optimal level of capital? A. Making too big of a change can be more expensive than making a few smaller changes. B. A firm might not be able to borrow enough to pay for the investments it wants to make. C. The firm likes its workers and doesn’t want to replace some jobs with machinery. D. Some capital is very specialized and cannot be re-sold in cases of economic downturns.
Answer:
C. The firm likes its workers and doesn’t want to replace some jobs with machinery.
Explanation:
Optimal level of capital simply refers to an ideal strategy used by a firm to raise capital. For example, a firm may decide between debt financing or equity financing, depending on the company's desired level of capital.
So, an already operational firm with that likes its workers and doesn’t want to replace some jobs with machinery has no direct relationship with its level of capital.
I have question with it can you help me please??
Answer:
Pick-up Later:
Set a pickup date
Process the transaction
Place all the items in the pickup area near the front of the store
Place a note on the items indicating they are sold.
Explanation:
The purpose of the above procedure is to enable the customer to take delivery of purchased goods hitch-free. The pick-up area needs to be covered against rain so that the mulch and topsoil do not degrade. It is assumed that the customer's contact information and payment have been secured before the arrangement for pick-up later.
Suppose that in 1969, the U.S. economy was operating close to potential. The budget deficit experienced by the United States in 1969 was:
Answer: primarily cyclical deficit
Explanation:
Budget deficit occurs when the government expenditure for a certain year is more than the revenue the government makes.
Since the the United States economy was operating close to potential. The budget deficit experienced by the United States in 1969 was primarily cyclical deficit.
air pollution causes capital to wear out more rapidly, doubling the rate of depreciation. How would this affect economic growth?
Answer:
The economic growth will be lower.
Explanation:
The rise in pollution and the doubling of the rate of depreciation will affect economic growth adversely. However, rapid wear and tear of capital will cost the person and it will reduce the purchasing power. Thus, lower purchasing power will result in lower economic growth. Moreover, pollution creates three main problems that are reduced labor productivity, rise in health problems, and loss of crop yield. So the reduction in all these factors will also slow down economic growth.
What term means managing the entire organization so that it excels on all dimensions of products and services that are important to customers?
Answer:
Total Quality Management
Explanation:
Total Quality Management is an approach in which all the employees of the company work to improve the entire process to offer a good customer experience. According to this, the answer is that the term that means managing the entire organization so that it excels on all dimensions of products and services that are important to customers is Total Quality Management.
Digby's turnover rate for this year is 6.33%. This rate is projected to remain the same next year and no further downsizing will occur from automating. What would the total recruiting cost be for Digby, assuming it spends the same amount extra above the $1,000 recruiting base as they did this year?
Answer:
Total recruitment cost = $316.5
Explanation:
Note:
Given question is incomplete,
The number of employees = 5,000
Given:
Turnover rate for this year = 6.33%
Find:
Total recruitment cost
Computation:
Total recruitment cost = Turnover rate for this year × The number of employees
Total recruitment cost = 5,000 × 6.33%
Total recruitment cost = $316.5
The total recruiting cost will be $316.5 for Digby.
Given information
Assumed the number of employees is 5,000
Turnover rate for this year = 6.33%
Total recruitment cost = Turnover rate for this year * The number of employees
Total recruitment cost = 5,000 * 6.33%
Total recruitment cost = $316.5
Therefore, the total recruiting cost will be $316.5 for Digby.
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What was the ratio of per capita income in each of the following countries to that in the United States in the year 2010:
a. Ethiopia
b. Mexico
c. India
d. Japan
Answer:
For Countries (per capita) United States of America (per capita)
Ethiopia:
$380 $48,468
Mexico:
$9,271 $48,468
India:
$1,358 $48,468
Japan:
$44,508 $48,468
Explanation:
Ratio per Capita also known as Gross Domestic Product per Capita (GDP Capita) is the monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced in a specific time period within the country in view. It is useful for comparing national economies of different countries on the international market.
A corporation is attempting to sell additional shares to its existing shareholders through a rights distribution. A shareholder who wishes to subscribe must send the purchase amount with the rights certificate to the:
Answer:
Right agent.
Explanation:
A rights agent is said to be a correlative junction, serve and also seen to be an obedient mediator and right assistance between his client and any form of third party organisation or also other clients. A right agent is sometimes seen to be reliable to a principal when he/she acts without actual authority, but with apparent authority. He is also held responsible for indemnify and also principal loss or damage resulting from his/her act. He is also keen and careful in his advise and dealing on behalf of his client is he owes certain contractual duties to his/her agent as he protect him also from wrong claims, expenses that are not worthwhile, liabilities etc.
Salud Company reports the following information. Use the indirect method to prepare only the operating activities section of its statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2017. (Amounts to be deducted should be indicated with a minus sign.)
Selected 2017 Income Statement Data Selected Year-End 2017
Net income $455,000 Accounts receivable increase $52,800
Depreciation expense 95,500 Prepaid expenses decrease 17,400
Gain on sale of machinery 26,300 Accounts payable increase 6,200
Wages payable decrease 2,100
Answer:
Cash flow from Operating Activities
Net income $455,000
Adjustments for non-cash items :
Depreciation expense $95,500
Gain on sale of machinery ($26,300)
Adjustment for Changes in Working Capital :
Increase in Accounts receivable ($52,800)
Decrease in Prepaid expenses $17,400
Increase in Accounts payable $6,200
Decrease in Wages payable $2,100
Net Cash from Operating Activities $497,100
Explanation:
The Indirect method adjusts the Profit before tax with the following items :
Non-cash items previously added or deducted from net incomeChanges in Working CapitalIt costs your company $240 to produce pens and pencils together. To produce the same amount of pens and pencils separately costs $100 for the pens and $120 for the pencils. The production of pens and pencils exhibits:_______
a. diseconomies of scope
b. economies of scope.
c. increasing returns to scale.
d. constant returns to scale.
Answer:
b
Explanation:
DPMO stands for:______
a) Defects Per Million Opportunity
b) Defectives Per Million Opportunity
c) Data Per Million Opportunity
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
Answer:
a) Defects Per Million Opportunity
Explanation:
DPMO is an acronym which stands for Defects Per Million Opportunity. Defects per Million Opportunities refers to a standard metric which represents the number of defects in a process per one million opportunities.
In order to calculate the DPMO, we divide the number of defects by the number of opportunities and then multiply by a million.
Additionally, when a quality characteristics or properties do not tally with a standard or specifications it is generally referred to as a defect.
Hence, in a six sigma approach to quality or level of performance, the defects per million opportunities (DPMO) is 3.4.
The central problem in product-oriented layout planning is?
Answer: The minimizing the imbalance in the workloads among workstations.
Explanation:
Workspace can inspire informal and productive encounters if it balances what three physical and social aspects.
Lilliput is a country that has closed borders and does not import or export any goods or services; hence, they do not worry about trade with other countries.
Total spending for the federal government of Lilliput for the last fiscal year was $1.06 billion. The country collected $1.05 billion in taxes during this same fiscal year. Assume government transfers were zero. Based on this information, what is Lilliput's budget balance? In the last fiscal year, Lilliput was running:______.
a. a budget surplus.
b. a balanced budget.
c. a budget deficit.
Answer: budget deficit
Explanation:
From the question, we are informed that the total spending for the federal government of Lilliput for the last fiscal year was $1.06 billion and that the country collected $1.05 billion in taxes during this same fiscal year.
Since the expenditure of $1.06 billion is more than the revenue of $1.05 billion, this show that there was a budget deficit.
A firm has net working capital of $2,715, net fixed assets of $22,407, sales of $31,350, and current liabilities of $3,908. How many dollars' worth of sales are generated from every $1 in total assets
Answer:
So, from every $1 of total assets, $1.08 worth of sales are generated.
Explanation:
To calculate how many dollars worth of sales are generated by $1 of total assets, we use the total assets turnover ratio. It is an accounting measure that measures the efficiency of the company's assets in generating sales. It calculates the dollar values of sales generated by each $1 of total assets. The formula for total assets turnover is,
Total Assets Turnover = Sales / Average Total Assets
We already know the level of sales. We need to determine the value of total assets first.
Total Assets = Fixed assets + Current Assets
As we know that net working capital = current assets - current liabilities,
So, the current assets are,
2715 = Current assets - 3908
2715 + 3908 = Current assets
Current assets = $6623
Total assets = 6623 + 22407
Total assets = $29030
Total Assets Turnover = 31350 / 29030
Total assets turnover = 1.0799 rounded off to 1.08
So, from every $1 of total assets, $1.08 worth of sales are generated.
Waterway has a standard of 2 hours of labor per unit, at $12 per hour. In producing 3800 units, Waterway used 7350 hours of labor at a total cost of $89670. Waterway's labor quantity variance is
Answer:
Direct labor time (efficiency) variance= $3,000 favorable
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Standard= 2 hours of labor per unit, at $12 per hour.
In producing 3800 units, Waterway used 7350 hours of labor.
To calculate the direct labor quantity variance, we need to use the following formula:
Direct labor time (efficiency) variance= (Standard Quantity - Actual Quantity)*standard rate
Standard quantity= 2*3,800= 7,600 hours
Direct labor time (efficiency) variance= (7,600 - 7,350)*12
Direct labor time (efficiency) variance= $3,000 favorable
Brunette Company is contemplating investing in a new piece of manufacturing machinery. The amount to be invested is $180,000. The present value of the future cash flows generated by the project is $163,000. Should they invest in this project?
Answer:
No, as the net present value comes in negative
Explanation:
As we know that
Net present value = Present value of cash inflows - Initial investment
where,
Present value os $163,000
And, the initial investment is $180,000
Now placing these values to the above formula
So, the net present value is
= $163,000 - $180,000
= -$17,000
Therefore the company should not accept the project as net present value is in negative that is -$17,000
If an investor's aversion to risk increased, would the risk premium on a high beta stock increase by more or less than that of a low-beta stock? Explain.
Answer:
risk premium increases by more of the low - beta stock
A risk averse investor is an investor that avoids risk. if risk aversion increases, it means that the investor is more wary of risky investment.
Beta measures the volatility of a portfolio. the higher the volatility, the more risky the portfolio is.
risk premium measures the rate of return in excess of the risk free rate.
According to CAPM :
risk free rate + (beta x stock risk premium)
Beta is a multiplier of stock risk premium, so the higher the beta, the more there would be an increase in the stock risk premium
If a risk averse investor invests in a high beta stock, he would want extra or higher compensation for holding such a volatile stock. this extra compensation would be in the form of a higher risk premium.
Explanation:
You are an investor who wants to form a portfolio that lies to the right of the "optimal" minimum standard deviation portfolio on the efficient frontier. You must: 0 / 1 puntos Invest only in risky securities. Borrow money at the risk-free rate, invest in the minimum standard deviation portfolio and, in addition, only in risky securities. Borrow money at the risk-free rate and invest everything in the minimum standard deviation portfolio. Invest only in risk-free securities.
Answer:
Correct Answer:
invest in the minimum standard deviation portfolio and, in addition, only in risky securities.
Explanation:
For an investor aiming to invest in a portfolio so that, his minimum standard deviation would lie towards the optimal right, he or she would need to invest in extremely risky securities. And, also, there will be need to maintain minimum standard deviation portfolio.
The following data has been collected about Keller Company's stockholders' equity accounts: Common stock $10 par value 21,000 shares authorized and 10,500 shares issued, 1,100 shares outstanding $105,000 Paid-in capital in excess of par value, common stock 51,000 Retained earnings 26,000 Treasury stock 12,760 Assuming the treasury shares were all purchased at the same price, the number of shares of treasury stock is:
Answer:
9,400 shares
Explanation:
Treasury stock is the difference between issued shares and outstanding shares.
Number of treasure shares = Number of issued shares - Number of outstanding shares
Number of treasure shares = 10,500 - 1,100
Number of treasure shares = 9,400 shares
Therefore, number of treasury shares is 9,400
Leslie works as customer service representative for Lighthouse Point Lanterns. Her job is to fulfill customer orders and answer any questions that the customer may have. In order to ensure the best service possible, Lighthouse Point Lanterns makes test phone calls to their customer service representatives and rates their ability to correctly answer customer calls. If Leslie properly handles 80% of the test calls, she will receive a 20% bonus in her next pay check. This is an example of:_________.
Answer:
a performance reward.
Explanation:
A performance reward is a type of employee reward system. Companies generally reward employees in an attempt to motivate them to work more, harder or more efficiently. E.g. a company may reward salespeople that close 100 sales per week, regardless of the type of sales made. This type of reward is based on the gross amount of work carried out by the employee.
In Leslie's case, she is being rewarded for being an efficient employee. The parameter for measuring her efficiency is that 80% of the test calls that she makes are handed properly. She is not rewarded on the number of test calls, but instead on how she handled them.
This is an example of a performance reward if Leslie is going to be rewarded with a 20% bonus for handling 80% of the test calls.
A performance reward is a reward that a customer receives in an organization which is based on how well they have performed in the business.
The reward system here has stated that if Leslie is able to meet up with the target that the business has placed for her to reach she would be rewarded with a bonus of 20% when she receives her next salary.
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Chester currently has $17,624 (000) in cash and management has decided to issue stocks and bonds worth an additional $8,000 (000). Assuming that cash from operations will be the same for each of the following activities, which activity exposes this company to the most risk of being issued an emergency loan?
a) purchasing $18,000 (000) worth of plant and equiptment
b) liquidate the new inventory
c) retiring the oldest bond
d) a $5 dividend
Answer: a) purchasing $18,000 (000) worth of plant and equipment
Explanation:
Of the 4 options listed, liquidating the new inventory would lead to a cash inflow and so is not going to lead to an emergency loan.
Retiring the oldest bond is something that would probably have been budgeted for so it will be less probable to cause Chester to seek emergency funding.
The activity that poses the greatest threat to Chester in terms of loan solicitation would be the purchase of plant and equipment. This would have less chance of being budgeted for and is a significant amount to leave the company which is even larger than the company's current cash amount. It has a higher chance of causing Chester to seek emergency loan funding.
Mountain Ski Corp. was set up to take large risks and is willing to take the greatest risk possible. Lakeway Train Co. is more typical of the average corporation and is risk-averse.
Projects Returns: Expected Value Standard Deviation
A $ 310,000 $ 173,000
B 676,000 413,000
C 163,000 120,000
D 134,000 101,000
a-1. Compute the coefficients of variation. (Round your answers to 3 decimal places.)
a-2. Which of the following four projects should Mountain Ski Corp.
A. Project B
B. Project A
C. Project C
D. Project D
Answer:
B. Project A
Explanation:
Coefficient of variation=standard deviation/expected return value
Project A:
Coefficient of variation=$173,000/$310,000= 0.558
Project B:
Coefficient of variation=$413,000/$676,000= 0.611
Project C:
Coefficient of variation=$120,000/$163,000=0.736
Project D:
Coefficient of variation=$101,000/$134,000=0.754
The Project A has the lowest rate of risk per unit of return, hence, it is the preferred choice of investment
The marketing department of Jessi Corporation has submitted the following sales forecast for the upcoming fiscal year (all sales are on account):
1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter
Budgeted unit
sales 12,200 13,200 15,200 14,200
The selling price of the company’s product is $21 per unit. Management expects to collect 65% of sales in the quarter in which the sales are made, 30% in the following quarter, and 5% of sales are expected to be uncollectible. The beginning balance of accounts receivable, all of which is expected to be collected in the first quarter, is $72,600.
The company expects to start the first quarter with 2,440 units in finished goods inventory. Management desires an ending finished goods inventory in each quarter equal to 20% of the next quarter’s budgeted sales. The desired ending finished goods inventory for the fourth quarter is 2,640 units.
Required
1-A. Complete the company's sales budget.
1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Year
Budgeted Units Sales
Selling Price Per Unit
Total Sales
1-B. Complete the schedule of expected cash collections.
1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Year
Beginning Accts Receivable
1st Quarter Sales
2nd Quarter Sales
3rd Quarter Sales
4th Quarter Sales
Total Cash Collections
2. Prepare the company’s production budget for the upcoming fiscal year.
1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Year
Budgeted Unit Sales
Total Needs
Required Production in Units
Answer:
1-A. Sales budget
1st 2nd 3rd 4th
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Year
Sales units 12,200 13,200 15,200 14,200 54,800
Price per unit $21 $21 $21 $21 $21
Total sales $256,200 $277,200 $319,200 $298,200 $1,150,800
1-B. Cash collections budget
1st 2nd 3rd 4th
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Year
Collections from $72,600 $76,860 $83,160 $95,760 $72,600
previous quarter
Collections from $166,530 $180,180 $207,480 $193,830 $1,003,900
current quarter
Total $239,130 $257,040 $290,640 $289,690 $1,076,500
2. Productions budget
1st 2nd 3rd 4th
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Year
Sales units 12,200 13,200 15,200 14,200 54,800
Planned ending 2,640 3,040 2,840 2,640 2,640
inventory
Total production 14,840 16,240 18,040 16,840 65,960
required
- Beginning 2,440 2,640 3,040 2,840 2,440
inventory
Units to be 12,400 13,600 15,000 14,000 63,520
produced
Answer:
sells budget
Explanation:
Fed is open to changing bond policy Fed policymakers signaled for the first time that they could increase or decrease stimulation of the economy in the future, but not now. Source: Los Angeles Times, May 1, 2013 What are the ripple effects and time lags that the Fed must consider in deciding when to increase or decrease stimulation of the economy?
Answer:
When the Fed raises the federal funds rate, the inflation rate decreases about two years later.
Explanation:
When trying to stimulate the economy either by increasing or decreasing, policymakers have to take into consideration how it would effect interest rate, amount of money available in the economy, loans that would be acquired by banks and the behavior of interest rate.
Interest rate can be impacted quickly even though the period of time it would take for such action to have a reflection on what quantity of money is available in the economy. Then also a period of 2 years would be taken for this action to take effect on inflation.
Therefore
When the Fed raises the federal funds rate, the inflation rate decreases about two years later.
The income statements for Federer Sports Apparel for 2022 and 2021 are presented below.
FEDERER SPORTS APPAR
Income Statement
For the Years Ended December 31
Year Increase Decrease
2019 2018 Amount %
Net sales 18,800,000 15,500,000
Cost of goods 13,200,000 7,000,000
Gross prof 5,600,000 8,500,000
Operating expenses 1,600,000 1,200,000
Depreciation expense 1,000,000 1,000,000
Inventory write-down 200,000 0
Loss (litigation) 1,500,000 300,000
Required:
Prepare a horizontal analysis for 2022 using 2021 as the base year.
Answer and Explanation:
The Preparation of horizontal analysis for 2022 using 2021 as the base year is prepared with the help of a spreadsheet.
Horizontal analysis is a method for the analysis of financial statements that indicates fluctuations in the amount of the related products over a period of time. It is a valuable instrument for determining trend situations.
So, with the help of the spreadsheet, we will be able to find the net income by using the formulas.
The horizontal analysis of the Income Statement is the analytical form of preparing the income statement to determine the accurate amount and percentage of changes in each item of the income statement.
The horizontal income statement is attached below.
The horizontal analysis determines the change in the amounts of each account. The percentage change is the division of a change in amount by the base amount of the base year.
In this case, the base year was 2021.
Therefore, the change in amounts will be determined based upon the figures of the base year.
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A benevolent social planner would prefer that the output of good x be decreased from its current level if, at the current level of output of good x_________
a. social cost = private cost = private value < social value.
b. private cost < social cost = private value = social value.
c. social value = private value = private cost < social cost.
d. social cost = private cost = private value = social value.
Answer:
c
Explanation:
social value = private value = private cost < social cost.
A benevolent social planner would prefer that the output of good x be decreased from its current level if, at the current level of output of good x social value = private value = private cost < social cost. Thus, option (c) is correct.
What is the cost?
The term cost refers to the actual money are spent on the manufacturing of the product. The product are manufacture to spend on money are raw material, transportation, wages, salary, and other expenses add. The all expenses are added to identify the cost.
According to the system composed, the primary impact of the output of goods are the multiplied by the reduced from its present state are the primary effect of the output of products are the calculation where the social value equals the societal value. The private cost is lower than the societal cost.
As a result, the significance of the social cost are the aforementioned. Therefore, option (c) is correct.
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Pam Erickson Construction Company changed from the completed-contract to the percentage-of-completion method of accounting for long-term construction contracts during 2015. For tax purposes, the company employs the completed-contract method and will continue this approach in the future. (Hint: Adjust all tax consequences through the Deferred Tax Liability account.) The appropriate information related to this change is as follows.
Pretax Income from:
Percentage-of-Completion Completed-Contract Difference
2014 $752,200 $586,700 $165,500
2015 683,500 444,700 238,800
(a) Assuming that the tax rate is 30%, what is the amount of net income that would be reported in 2015?
Net income $
(b) What entry(ies) are necessary to adjust the accounting records for the change in accounting principle?
Answer:
a. $478,450
b.Dr Construction in Process $165,500
Cr Deferred tax liability $49,650
Cr Retained earnings $115,850
Explanation:
A. Calculation for the amount of net income that would be reported in 2015 for Pam Erickson Construction Company
Using this formula
Net income =(Income before income tax ) Income before income tax-Tax rate
Let plug in the formula
Net income= $683,500 - (683,500 × 30%)
Net income= $683,500 - $205,050
Net income= $478,450
B. Preparation of the Journal entry(ies) that are necessary to adjust the accounting records
For Pam Erickson Construction Company
Dr Construction in Process $165,500
Cr Deferred tax liability $49,650
($165,500 × 30%)
Cr Retained earnings $115,850
($165,500 × (100%-30%)
Determine the value-added, non-value-added, and total lead times, and the value-added ratio under the present and proposed production approaches. If required, round percentages to one decimal place. Present Approach Proposed Approach Value-added time 23 min 23 min Non-value-added time 1,582 min 105 min Total lead time 1,605 min 1,605 min Value-added ratio (as a percent) 14 % 21 %
Answer:
Hello some parts of your question is missing attached below is the missing part
Answer : value added times : 30 minutes , 30 minutes
non-value added times: 1210 minutes, 130 minutes
Total lead times : 1240 minutes, 160 minutes
value added time as a ratio: 2.4%, 18.8%
Explanation:
Given data:
production batch sizes = 40 units
process step 1 = 6 minutes
process step 2 = 10 minutes
process step 3 = 6 minutes
process step 4 = 8 minutes
Determining : The value added, non-value added , total lead times and value added ratio under the present and proposed production approaches
UNDER PRESENT PRODUCTION APPROACH
Th value added time:
= summation of all process times = (6+10+6+8) = 30 minutes
Non-value added time:
= Value added time *(Batch size -1) + move time between each step
= 30*39+8*5
= 1170 +40 = 1210 minutes
total lead time :
= value added time + non-value added time
= 30 + 1210 = 1240 minutes
value added time as a percentage/ratio
(value added time / total lead time) * 100
= 30 / 1240 * 100 = 2.4%
UNDER PROPOSED PRODUCTION APPROACH
value added time :
= summation of all process times = (6+10+6+8) = 30 minutes
Non-value added time :
= Value added time *(Batch size -1) + time between each step
= 30*4+2*5 = 120 + 10 = 130 mins
total lead time :
= value added time + non-value added time = 30 +130 = 160 mins
value added time as a percentage/ratio:
(value added time / total lead time ) * 100
= (30 / 160) * 100 = 18.8%
