Answer:
b. test marketing.
Explanation:
Test marketing is a marketing method that focused for exploring the response of the consumer with respect to the product by making it available on the limited basis prior to release in a bulk. Also the consumer may be or not be aware that is the part of the test group
Since in the given situation, rita experimented the new flavor and distributed it as a free sample
So, it is a test marketing situation
Preparing Adjusting Entries in a Worksheet
Following is the unadjusted trial balance of Skylar Gaming, Inc. at the end of its first year of operations, December 31, 20x7:
Account Name DR. CR.
Cash $71,550
Accounts Receivable $25,200
Supplies $550
Prepaid Insurance $12,000
Equipment $31,750
Accumulated Depreciation-Equipment $4,050
Accounts Payable $6,700
Salaries Payable $0
Unearned Revenue $2,200
Common Stock $45,700
Retained Earnings $23,850
Dividends $3,500
Revenue $80,750
Depreciation Expense-Equipment $2,000
Salaries Expense $4,750
Insurance Expense $3,100
Rent Expense $4,200
Supplies Expense $2,500
Utilities Expense $2,150
$163,250 $163,250
The following additional information is available:
Skylar Gaming, Inc. needs to accrue $2,000 in salaries that will not be paid until next month.
Skylar Gaming, Inc. has earned $2,000 of the services that were paid for in advance as included in the unearned revenue account.
At the end of the period, Skylar Gaming, Inc. has provided services in the amount of $500 to another customer (John Gartner). However, Skylar has not billed them yet since they only issue bills at the beginning of each month.
Skylar Gaming, Inc. needs to record the annual $1,025 of depreciation on the equipment.
One month of the 12-month insurance policy in prepaid insurance has been used up, and a journal entry is needed to reflect this.
At the end of the period, $125 in supplies are remaining.
Required:
Prepare all necessary adjusting entries at December 31, 20x7 Descriptions are not needed.
Using the below linked template prepare an adjusted trial balance at December 31, 20x7.
Using a worksheet template, prepare an income statement, statement of retained earnings, and a balance sheet.
Prepare closing entries including descriptions.
Answer:
Salaries Expense (Dr.) $2,000
Salaries Payable (Cr.) $2,000
Unearned revenue (Dr.) $2,000
Revenue (Cr.) $2,000
Accounts Receivable (Dr.) $500
Revenue (Cr.) $500
Depreciation expense (Dr.) $1,025
Accumulated Depreciation (Cr.) $1,025
Insurance Expense (Dr.) $1,000
Prepaid insurance (Cr.) $1,000
Supplies Expense (Dr.) $425
Office supplies (Cr.) $425
Explanation:
Adjusting entries are prepared for Skylar Gaming Inc., for the transactions that are already recorded. These transaction are adjusted for the change in effects at the month end. Skylar Gaming has prepared all necessary adjusting entries to reflect true accounting impact of every transaction.
Cape Corp. will pay a dividend of $3.00 next year. The company has stated that it will maintain a constant growth rate of 4.5 percent a year forever.
a. If you want a return of 15 percent, how much will you pay for the stock?
b. If you want a return of 8 percent, how much will you pay for the stock?
Answer:
a.
$27.27
b.
$75
Explanation:
Use the following formula to calculate the value of the stock
Value of Stock = Expected Dividend / ( Rate of return - Growth rate )
a.
Where
Expected Dividend = $3.00
Rate of return = 15%
Growth rate = 4.5%
Placing values in the formula
Value of Stock = $3.00 / ( 15% - 4% )
Value of Stock = $3 / 11%
Value of Stock = $27.27
b.
Where
Expected Dividend = $3.00
Rate of return = 8%
Growth rate = 4.5%
Placing values in the formula
Value of Stock = $3.00 / ( 8% - 4% )
Value of Stock = $3 / 4%
Value of Stock = $75
Laurel, Inc., and Hardy Corp. both have 7.3 percent coupon bonds outstanding, with semiannual interest payments, and both are currently priced at the par value of $1,000. The Laurel, Inc., bond has 4 years to maturity, whereas the Hardy Corp. bond has 23 years to maturity. If interest rates suddenly rise by 2 percent, what is the percentage change in the price of these bonds
Answer:
Use a financial calculator to find out the price of both bonds after the drop in interest rate.
Laurel Bond
When a bond is trading at par, it means that the interest rate is equal to the coupon rate.
Semiannual Coupon = (7.3% * 1,000) / 2 = $36.50
Terms till maturity = 4 * 2 = 8 semi annual periods
Interest rate = (7.3% + 2%) / 2 = 4.65%
Future value = $1,000 par value
Price will come out as $993.20
Percentage change = (993.20 - 1,000) / 1,000 * 100%
= -0.68%
Hardy Bond
Semiannual Coupon = (7.3% * 1,000) / 2 = $36.50
Terms till maturity = 23 * 2 = 46 semi annual periods
Interest rate = (7.3% + 2%) / 2 = 4.65%
Future value = $1,000 par value
Price = $811.53
Percentage change = (811.53 - 1,000) / 1,000
= -18.85%
The business intelligence environment includes all of the following except: A. BI Infrastructure B. Business Analytics C. Data from the business enviroment D. Cloud-based Storage
Answer: D. Cloud-based storage
Explanation:
Business Intelligence Environments consists of the various means and technologies that is used to collect, analyze, present and disseminate information relating to the business from both internal and external sources.
There are six components to Business Intelligence Environments which are:
BI InfrastructureBusiness AnalyticsData from the Business environment Managerial users and methodsDelivery platform - MIS, DSS, ESSUsers InterfaceThe only option that is not listed is Cloud-based storage so it is not part of the BI Environment.
Tango Company is planning to acquire Delta Company. The additional pre-tax income from the acquisition will be $300,000 in the first year, but it will increase by 2% in future years. Because of diversification, the beta of Tango will decrease from 1.2 to 0.8. Currently the return on the market is 9% and the riskless rate is 4%. What is the maximum price that Tango should pay for Delta
Complete question: Tax rate is 35%
Answer:
3250000
Explanation:
Tax income = 300000
Tax rate = 35%
Growth = 2%
Risk free rate = 4%
Expected market return= 9%
Beta = 0.8
We solve for the expected return on assets
= 4% + (9%-4%)x0.8
= 0.04+0.05*0.8
= 0.04 + 0.04
= 0.08
= 8% return on assets
The maximum price to pay
300000*(1-0.35)/(8%-2%)
= 300000 * 0.65/0.06
= 300000x10.8333333333
= 3,250,000
In its first year of operations, Roger Company purchased trading securities at a total cost of $53,000. On December 31, the end of Roger's fiscal year, the fair market value of those investments totaled $57,000. As a result of these investments, Roger Company will report
Answer:
Investment in Trading Securities of $57,000
Explanation:
Based On the information given we were told that the FAIR MARKET VALUE of those investments totaled the amount of $57,000 which therefore means that As a result of these investments, Roger Company will report INVESTMENT IN TRADING SECURITIES of the amount of $57,000.
Steve is the librarian in his city's library. The library provides group diability insurance where premiums are paid by employees with after-tax dollars. He enrolls in a policy through the employer that provides a benefit of $4,200 a month. If he is in the 25% tax bracket and is disabled, what are his benefits after tax?
a. $0.
b. $1,050.
c. $3,150.
d. $4,200.
Answer: $4200
Explanation:
Tax benefit refers to the reduction in the tax liability which is enjoyed by an individual and helps the individual reduce his or her tax burden.
Since we are already given the information that Steve enrolls in a policy through the employer that provides a benefit of $4,200 a month, then his benefits after tax is $4200.
Gerry works 40 hours a week managing Gerry’s Market, without drawing a salary. He could earn $600 a week doing the same work for Jean. Gerry’s Market owes its bank $100,000, and Gerry has invested $100,000 of his own money. If Gerry’s accounting profits are $1,000 per week while the interest on his bank debt is $200 per week, his economic profits are:
Answer:
The correct response is "$395 per week".
Explanation:
Given:
Salary forgone,
= $600
Dividend forgone,
= $5
Accounting profit,
= $1,000
Now,
The implicit cost will be:
= [tex]Salary \ forgone+Dividend \ forgone[/tex]
By substituting the values, we get
= [tex]600+5[/tex]
= [tex]605[/tex] ($) per week
hence,
The economic profit will be:
= [tex]Accounting \ profit-Implicit \ cost[/tex]
= [tex]1000-605[/tex]
= [tex]395[/tex] ($) per week
Avery Company has two divisions, Polk and Bishop. Polk produces an item that Bishop could use in its production. Bishop currently is purchasing 26,000 units from an outside supplier for $16 per unit. Polk is currently operating at less than its full capacity of 630,000 units and has variable costs of $9 per unit. The full cost to manufacture the unit is $12. Polk currently sells 460,000 units at a selling price of $18 per unit.
a. What will be the effect on Avery Company’s operating profit if the transfer is made internally?
b. What is the minimum transfer price from Polk’s perspective?
c. What is the maximum transfer price from Bishop’s perspective?
Answer:
a. The effect is that Avery Company’s operating profit will increase by $182,000 if the transfer is made internally.
b. Minimum transfer price = $9
c. Maximum transfer price from Bishop’s perspective = $16.
Explanation:
a. What will be the effect on Avery Company’s operating profit if the transfer is made internally?
To determine this, fixed cost is ignored because it considered irrelevant. Therefore, we have:
Profit per unit = Purchase price from outside - Variable cost of production internally = $16 - $9 = $7
Total increment in operating profit = Current purchase unit of Bishop * Profit per unit = 26,000 * $7 = $182,000
Therefore, Avery Company’s operating profit will increase by $182,000 if the transfer is made internally.
b. What is the minimum transfer price from Polk’s perspective?
Since Polk is currently operating at less than its full capacity, this implies that it will not incur additional fixed cost to produce current purchase units of Bishop. Therefore, only its variable cost of $9 will have to recovered. By implication, we have:
Minimum transfer price = Variable cost = $9
c. What is the maximum transfer price from Bishop’s perspective?
Any price that is higher than $16 at which Bishop is currently purchasing from an outside supplier will result in a loss for Bishop and the increment profit of $182,000 will be lost by Avery Company. This therefore implies that:
Maximum transfer price from Bishop’s perspective = Price at which Bishop is currently purchasing from an outside supplier = $16
In 2007, Joe Gebbia and Brian Chesky realized they could not afford the rent on their pricey San Francisco apartment, so they decided to put an air mattress in their living room and offer people an alternative to an expensive hotel room. This is the story of how Airbnb got started. In other words, Airbnb began when Gebbia and Chesky ________; the company grew because it ________.
a. identified their passions; was technologically based broke the law; successfully lobbied to get the laws changed.
b. studied consumer complaints; was based on idealism.
c. sought to put their competitors out of business; was based on their desire to change the world.
d. identified a problem or frustration; identified an opportunity or need.
Answer:
Here the correct option is (d) identified a problem or frustration; identified an opportunity or need.
Explanation:
Identified a problem or frustration; identified an opportunity or need. Airbnb began when Gebbia and Chesky identified a drag or frustration; the corporate grew because it identified a chance or need. that they had a drag of not having enough money to pay the rent, and that they identified a chance or need in letting strangers live there which they will afford, unlike an upscale bedroom.
In each scenario below, please identify the personality dimension that, according to psychologist Carl Jung, would be the most appropriate answer. Which of the following statements best describes someone who has the introversion dimension?
A. Energized by inner world of thoughts and ideas, deep interests, thinks before speaking
B. Let life happen, spontaneous, open-ended, and last minute situations are energizing.
C. Lives life organized, stable, systematic, and under control.
D. Makes decisions by analysis, logic, and impersonal criteria.
Answer:
A. Energized by inner world of thoughts and ideas, deep interests, thinks before speaking.
Explanation:
Carl Jung was a psychoanalyst and a [tex]\text{Swiss psychiatrist}[/tex]. He founded the study of analytical psychology. He is best known for his theory of the Unconscious and also for his work on the religious nature behind the psychology of the humans.
According to him, an introversion dimension of the human mind is energized by the inner thoughts and ideas, his or her interest. An introversion mind always thinks before speaking.
Introversion mainly deals with the personality where one's thought and ideas provides them confidence of themselves.
Therefore, the correct option is (A).
Mustang Corporation reports the following for the month of April:Finished goods inventory, April 1$32,600 Finished goods inventory, April 30 26,600 Total cost of goods manufactured 123,800The cost of goods sold for April is:a. $61,900.b. $124,500.c. $112,900.d. $173,700.e. $150,000
Answer:
COGS= $129,800
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Finished goods inventory, April 1$32,600
Finished goods inventory, April 30 26,600
Total cost of goods manufactured 123,800
To calculate the cost of goods sold, we need to use the following formula:
COGS= beginning finished inventory + cost of goods manufactured - ending finished inventory
COGS= 32,600 + 123,800 - 26,600
COGS= $129,800
Last year Ace charged $1,469,867 Depreciation on the Income Statement of Andrews. If early this year Ace purchased a new depreciable asset, the effect on Andrews's financial statements would be (all other items remaining equal):
Answer:
Increase Net Cash from operations
Explanation:
Note that the purchase of another depreciable asset means that annual depreciation expense would increase( increase on the old asset which is $1,469,867 plus the depreciation on newly acquired asset), hence, assuming that net income remains the same as last year(the meaning of all other items remaining equal), when the amount of increased depreciation is added back to the net income in the cash flow statement, the amount of net cash flow from operations would increase compared to last year.
In essence, the correct option in this case is that there would be an increase in net cash from operations not just an increase in amount of asset in the balance sheet
A 22-year old college student has been promised a $1 million check at this 50thbirthday (28years from today). What is the present value of the $1 million today assuming an interest rate of 5%
Answer:
$255,093.64
Explanation:
Calculation to determine the present value of $1 million today
Using Financial calculator
PV = PV (rate, nper, pmt, fv, type)
Where,
FV = $1,000,000
Annual Interest rate = 5%
Number of periods = 28
Let plug in the formula
PV = PV (5%, 28, 0, -1000000, 0)
PV= $255093.64
Therefore the Present value of $1 million today is $255,093.64
Suppose you invest every quarter, for 20 years, in an annuity that pays 5% interest, compounded quarterly. At the end of the 20 years, you have $100,000. How much of this total is interest
Answer: $41,228
Explanation:
The first step is to determine the amount that was being invested, in other words, the annuity.
First find the future value of annuity factor:
= 1 * Future value of annuity formula
= 1 * ( ( 1 + rate)^ number of periods) - 1) / rate
Rate = 5% / 4 = 1.25%
Number of periods = 20 * 4 quarters = 80 quarters
Annuity factor = 1 * ( ( 1 + 1.25%) ⁸⁰ - 1) / 1.25%
= 136.118795
The annuity is:
Future value of annuity = Annuity * Future value of annuity factor, 80 years, 1.25%
100,000 = Annuity * 136.118795
Annuity = 100,000 / 136.118795
= $734.65
The interest is:
= Future value of annuity - (Annuity * number of periods)
= 100,000 - (734.65 * 80)
= $41,228
1. A certain family has a car loan of $24,623 with a local bank. Because of this loan balance the family would classified as a: demander of loanable funds deficit savings unit deficit budget unit all of the above none of the above
Answer: None of the above
Explanation:
The deficit spending unit is used in describing a scenario when an economy, the household or firm, has spent more than it earned for a particular period of time.
Since the family has a car loan of $24,623 with a local bank, thus means that they spent more than they earned and therefore took loans and are a deficit spending unit.
Since the option isn't given, the correct option is None of the above.
On March 1, 2018, Lewis Services issued a 5% long-term notes payable for $25,000. It is payable over a 5-year term in $5,000 principal installments on March 1 of each year, beginning March 1, 2019. Which of the following entries needs to be made on March 1, 2018?
A. Long - Term Notes Payable 25,000
Accounts Payable 25,000
B. Long - Term Notes Payable 5,000
Cash 5,000
C. Cash 25,000
Long - Term Notes Payable 25,000
D. Current Portion of Long - Term Notes Payable 25,000
Long - Term Notes Payable 25,000
Answer:
C. Cash 25,000
Long - Term Notes Payable 25,000
Explanation:
Based on the information given we were told that on MARCH 1, 2018, the company issued a 5% long-term notes payable for the amount of $25,000 which therefore means that the appropriate journal entries that is needed to be made on March 1, 2018 will be:
March 1, 2018
Dr Cash $25,000
Cr Long term notes payable $25,000
Beginning three months from now, you want to be able to withdraw $2,700 each quarter from your bank account to cover college expenses over the next four years. If the account pays .67 percent interest per quarter, how m
Answer:
PV= $40,835.6
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Quarterly withdrawal (A)= $2,700
Number of periods= 4*4= 16 quarters
Interest rate= 0.67% per quarter
To calculate the initial investment, we need to use the following formula:
PV= A*{(1/i) - 1/[i*(1 + i)^n]}
PV= 2,700*{(1/0.0067) - 1 / [0.0067*(1.0067)^16]
PV= $40,835.6
Net income was $35,000. Issued common stock for $64,000 cash. Paid cash dividend of $14,600. Paid $50,000 cash to settle a note payable at its $50,000 maturity value. Paid $12,000 cash to acquire its treasury stock. Purchased equipment for $39,000 cash. Use the above information to determine cash flows from financing activities. (Amounts to be deducted should be indicated with a minus sign.)
Answer:
- $76,600
Explanation:
cash flows from financing activities - $76,600
A local distributor for a national tire company expects to sell approximately 9,530 tires of a certain size and tread design next year. Annual carrying cost is $14 per tire and ordering cost is $72. The distributor operates 286 days a year. a. What is the EOQ
Answer:
the economic order quantity is 313 units
Explanation:
The computation of the economic order quantity is shown below:
= sqrt( 2 ×annual demand × ordering cost) (carrying cost)
= sqrt(2 × 95,30 × $72) ÷ $14
= 313 units
hence, the economic order quantity is 313 units
The same should be considered and relevant
Establishment Industries borrows $890 million at an interest rate of 8.5%. Establishment will pay tax at an effective rate of 21%. What is the present value of interest tax shields if:
Answer: See explanation
Explanation:
Your question isn't complete but I got a similar question online and here is the question that was asked.
What is the present value of interest tax shields if it expects to maintain this debt level into the far future?
The present value of the interest tax shield will be calculated as:
= Tax rate x Debt
= 890million x 21%
= $186.90 million
1. Drawing on discussions of informational justice, how should Andrea approach the morning briefing? Should she be honest and informative in explaining corporate actions in the downsizing, or should she be more guarded?
Answer:
Andrea should be honest and informative in explaining her corporation's actions in downsizing.
Explanation:
By being honest and forthright by providing adequate informational justice to the employees affected by downsizing, she would gain the confidence of those that will not be affected. This will ensure that the workers remain motivated and productive. Doing informational justice requires the management to provide adequate explanations and rationale for the decision made to downsize the entity's workforce.
Danni placed $5700 in a savings account which compounds interest continuously at a rate of 2.1%. How much will she have in the account after 4 years
Answer:
$6,194.09
Explanation:
The amount that Danni will have in her savings account (FV) can be determined using a Financial Calculator as follows :
PV = - $5700
N = 4
I/Yr = 2.1 %
P/Yr = 1
PMT = $0
FV = ??
The Future Value (FV) is $6,194.09
Thus, she will have in the account after 4 years an amount of $6,194.09
Answer:
Explanation:
A=Pert
A=5700e(0.021)(4)
A=5700e0.084
A=6199.4846...
Rounded to the nearest dollar, A≈$6199.
Identify each of the following features as applying more to job order operations, process operations or both job order and process operations.1. Cost object is a process. 2. Measures unit costs only at period-end. 3. Uses indirect costs. 4. Transfers costs between Work in Process Inventory accounts. 5. Uses only one Work in Process account. 6. Uses materials, labor, and overhead costs.
Answer:
Identification of Features Applying More to Job Order Operations, Process Operations, or Both:
Features
1. Cost object is a process. Process Operations
2. Measures unit costs only at period-end. Process Operations
3. Uses indirect costs. Both
4. Transfers costs between Work in
Process Inventory accounts. Process Operations
5. Uses only one Work in Process account. Job Operations
6. Uses materials, labor, and overhead costs. Both
Explanation:
The main difference between the two operations is the manner costs are accumulated. Job operations accumulate costs for different jobs that are not similar. Process operations accumulate costs to show the process a product passes through. The product of a process operation is not unique like the product of a job operation.
By representing the budget and schedule associated with each task, the Performance Measurement Baseline (PMB) allows program managers to ___________________. Reduce overall life cycle costs Complete projects on time Compare the value of work performed to actual costs Complete comparative analyses more efficiently
Answer:
Option C (Compare......actual costs) is the correct alternative.
Explanation:
The benchmark establishing performance measurements takes place just at beginning of the assignment to monitor the construction process.Three restrictions exist, notably timeframe, scope as well as money. Benchmark employee performance simply monitors the implementation with these restrictions. This enables system management to identify discrepancies promptly.The situation presented is not connected to other alternatives. This is the solution, therefore.
Solve for the missing amounts using a T-account for the balance sheet accounts in each situation. Assume that there is only one debit entry and one credit entry in the account during the month. Required: a. The Supplies account had a balance of $1,250 at the beginning of the month and $1,700 at the end of the month. The cost of supplies purchased during the month was $4,000. Calculate the cost of supplies used during the month.
Answer:
$3,550
Explanation:
Supplies used = Opening supplies + Purchases of Supplies - Ending Supplies
therefore,
Supplies used = $1,250 + $4,000 - $1,700
= $3,550
thus,
The cost of supplies used during the month is $3,550.
The following errors took place in journalizing and posting transactions:
a. The receipt of $8,400 for services rendered was recorded as a debit to Accounts Receivable and a credit to Fees Earned.
b. The purchase of supplies of $2,500 on account was recorded as a debit to Office Equipment and a credit to Supplies.
Journalize the entries to correct the errors. Omit explanations.
Answer: See explanation
Explanation:
The journal entry to correct the errors is given below:
a. Dr Cash $8400
Cr Account receivable $8400
b. Dr Supplies $2500
Cr Office equipment $2500
Dr Supplies $2500
Cr Account Payable $2500
Note that the first entry that's given in (b) above reverses the incorrect entry. On the other hand, the second entry simply records the correct entry.
Assume that Jerome's available-for-sale portfolio had a total cost of $50,000 and a fair value of $46,000 on December 31 at the end of the first year it held the AFS securities . Make the necessary adjusting entry.
Answer:
Sep.15
Dr Investments in Available for sale securities 8900
Cr Cash 8900
30-Dec
Dr Other Comprehensive Income -(Unrealised loss-AFS) 4000
Cr Fair value adjustment-Stock 4000
31-Dec
Dr Fair value adjustment-Stock 1000
Cr Unrealised gain-Income 1000
Explanation:
Preparation of the journal entries
Books of Jerome Inc.
Sep.15
Dr Investments in Available for sale securities 8900
Cr Cash 8900
(Purchase of Notes of Topper Inc.)
30-Dec
Dr Other Comprehensive Income -(Unrealised loss-AFS) 4000
Cr Fair value adjustment-Stock 4000
(50000-46000)
31-Dec
Dr Fair value adjustment-Stock 1000
Cr Unrealised gain-Income 1000
(6000-5000)
(Unrealised holding period gain on Melina corporation stock hed as Trading securities)
An increase in the price of rubber coincides with an advance in the technology of tire production. As a result of these two events,a. the demand for tires decreases and the supply of tires increases.b. the demand for tires is unaffected and the supply of tires decreases.c. the demand for tires is unaffected and the supply of tires increases.d. None of the above is necessarily correct. What should be the demand and supply?
Answer:
d
the demand for tires is unaffected and effect on the supply of tires could increase, decrease, or stay the same.
Explanation:
An increase in the price of rubber would lead to an increase in the cost of producing tires. Rubber is an input required in the production of tires.
As a result of the increase in the cost of rubber, the supply of rubber would decrease. This would lead to a leftward shift of the supply curve. Equilibrium price would increase and quantity would decrease
As a result of the advance in technology, there would be an increase in the supply of tires. As a result, the supply curve shifts outward. Equilibrium price would decrease and quantity would increase
Taking these wo effects together, the demand for tires is unaffected and effect on the supply of tire is indeterminate
The Omega started the year with $650,000 in the common stock account and $1,318,407 in the additional paid-in surplus account. The end-of-year balance sheet showed $720,000 and $1,299,310 in the same two accounts, respectively. What is the cash flow to stockholders if the firm paid $68,500 in dividends
Answer:
$17,597
Explanation:
Calculation to determine the cash flow to stockholders
Using this formula
Cash flow to stockholders = Dividends paid - Common stock issued
Let plug in the formula
Cash flow to stockholders= Dividends 68,500 - (1299,310+ 720,000)- (1318407+ 650000)
Cash flow to stockholders= Dividends 68,500 - (2,019,310-1,968,407)
Cash flow to stockholders= 68,500-50,903
Cash flow to stockholders= $17,597
Therefore the cash flow to stockholders if the firm paid $68,500 in dividends is $17,597
