Answer:
A) [H3PO4] will increase, [KH2PO4] will decrease, and pH will slightly decrease.
Explanation:
A buffer is a solution which resists changes to its pH when a small amount of acid or base is added to it.
Buffers consist of a weak acid (HA) and its conjugate base (A–) or a weak base and its conjugate acid. Weak acids and bases do not completely dissociate in water, and instead exist in solution as an equilibrium of dissociated and undissociated species. When a small quantity of a strong acid is added to a buffer solution, the conjugate base, A-, reacts with the hydrogen ions from the added acid to form the weak acid and a salt thereby removing the extra hydrogen ions from the solution and keeping the pH of the solution fairly constant. On the other hand, if a small quantity of a strong base is added to the buffer solution, the weak acid dissociates further to release hydrogen ions which then react with the hydroxide ions of the added base to form water and the conjugate base.
For example, if a small amount of strong acid is added to a buffer solution that is 0.700 M H3PO4 and 0.700 M KH2PO4, the following reaction is obtained:
KH₂PO₄ + H+ ----> K+ + H₃PO₄
Therefore, [H₃PO₄] will increase, [KH₂PO₄] will decrease, and pH will slightly decrease.:
6. What is the total number of valence electrons in an
atom of germanium in the ground state?
Answer:
4⁺
Explanation:
Germanium (Ge) has an atomic number of 32 and belongs to group 14 on the periodic table. Germanium has an electronic configuration of [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p². There exist 32 electrons in its neutral atom. In fluorescent lights, germanium is utilized as a component of both alloys and phosphorus.
The electrons in the atom's outer shell are known as its valence electrons.
Thus, at the ground state, the outer shell of the Germanium atom has 4 electrons.
Which of the following explains the high boiling
point of water?
a Surface tension
b Polarity
C Capillary action
d Hydrogen bonding
Answer:
The correct answer is - d. hydrogen bonding.
Explanation:
Water has strong hydrogen bonds between its molecules that require a very high amount of energy in order to break. Water molecules are joined together or bound with a strong intermolecular force called hydrogen bonds.
These bonds require more kinetic energy which means more temperature or heat in order to break the bonds and turn into steam and this is the reason it has a high boiling point.
Avagadro’s number:
A: Is constant irrespective of mass of the gases
B: Varies according to the mass of the gases
C: Varies according to the pressure on the gases
D: All of the Above
Answer:
A: Is constant irrespective of mass of the gases
Explanation:
Avagadro's number, denoted by nA, is a number that represents the units in one mole of any substance. The number is 6.02214076 × 10²³ and the units can be atoms, molecules, ions, formula units etc.
That is;
1 mole of a substance = 6.022 × 10²³atoms, molecules, ions, electrons etc.
It is important to note that the Avagyadro's number is constant irrespective of mass of the gases that are involved.
Which of the following natural hazards occur for a long period of time?
tornado
earthquake
drought
thunderstorm
Answer:
drought
Explanation:
droughts are long periods without water
20. What is an irreversible change?
Answer:
A change is called irreversible if it cannot be changed back again. For example you cannot change a cake back into its ingredients again. Irreversible changes are permanent.
Explanation:
Hope this helps!! :))
12. Which formula shows a substance that is not molecular?
H₂
H2O
н
CO2
Answer:
the answer is H ..............
Intramolecular forces of attraction are important in holding large molecules together.
a. True
b. False
Answer:
False. Intermolecular forces of attraction are important in holding large molecules together.
Explanation:
Within a molecule, atoms are held together by intramolecular forces. That is, intramolecular forces are the attractive forces that hold the atoms or ions that make up chemical substances (elements and compounds) together, forming a chemical bond.
On the other hand, intermolecular forces are those that act on different molecules or ions and that make them attract or repel each other. In other words, intermolecular forces are those that occur between the different molecules of a compound, and cause these molecules or ions to attract or repel each other.
So, intermolecular forces of attraction are important in holding large molecules together.
Reaction of 2,3-dimethyl-1-butene with HBr leads to an alkyl bromide, C6H13Br. On treatment of this alkyl bromide with KOH in methanol, elimination of HBr occurs and a hydrocarbon that is isomeric with the starting alkene is formed. What is the structure of this hydrocarbon, and how do you think it is formed from the alkyl bromide
Answer:
See explanation and image attached
Explanation:
The image attached shows the entire scheme of reactions mentioned in the question.
The first reaction is an addition reaction which yields a tertiary alkyl halide as shown in accordance with Markovnikov rule.
The second reaction is a dehydrohalogenation in which the base abstracts a proton from the alkyl halide followed by loss of a bromide ion to yield the corresponding alkene.
This alkene is an isomer of the starting material.
The reaction of bromine gas with chlorine gas, shown here, has a Keq value of 7.20 at 200°C. If a closed vessel was charged with the two reactants, each at an initial concentration of 0.200 M, but with no initial concentration of BrCl, what would be the equilibrium concentration of Br2, Cl2 and BrCl(g)?
Br2(g) + Cl2(g) ↔ 2BrCl(g) K = 7.20
Answer:
[tex][Cl_2]=[Br_2]=0.856M[/tex]
[tex][BrCl]=0.229M[/tex]
Explanation:
Hello there!
In this case, for this chemical equilibrium problem, it turns out possible for us to solve for the equilibrium concentrations by firstly setting up the equilibrium expression:
[tex]Keq=\frac{[BrCl]^2}{[Cl_2][Br_2]}[/tex]
Thus, by plugging in an ICE chart, in terms of x (reaction extent), we can write:
[tex]7.20=\frac{(2x)^2}{(0.200-x)^2}[/tex]
And could be solved for x as follows:
[tex]\sqrt{7.20} =\sqrt{\frac{(2x)^2}{(0.200-x)^2} } \\\\2.68=\frac{2x}{0.200-x} \\\\x=0.1146M[/tex]
Therefore, the equilibrium concentrations turn out to be:
[tex][Cl_2]=[Br_2]=0.200M-0.1146M=0.856M[/tex]
[tex][BrCl]=2*0.1146M=0.229M[/tex]
Regards!
How much energy is produced when 13.1 g of tin reacts with 2.715 g of N2 ?
I.
3 Sn + 2 N2-----------Sn3N4 + 632 KJ
Hint change grams to moles first.
1 mole Sn= 119g
1 mole N2= 28 g
Answer:
23.2 kJ of energy are released by the reaction.
Explanation:
Hello there!
In this case, according to the given information, it turns out firstly necessary for us to calculate the moles of both tin and nitrogen and the produced moles of Sn3N4 product by each reactant as shown below:
[tex]13.1gSn*\frac{1molSn}{119gSn} *\frac{1molSn_3N_4}{3molSn} =0.0367molSn_3N_4\\\\2.715gN_2*\frac{1molN_2}{28gN_2} *\frac{1molSn_3N_4}{2molN_2} =0.0485molSn_3N_4[/tex]
Thus, since 13.1 grams of tin produce the fewest moles of Sn3N4 product, we infer tin is the limiting reactant, and the correct produced energy, due to this reaction is:
[tex]E=632\frac{kJ}{mol\ rxn}*\frac{1mol\ rxn}{1molSn_3N_4}*0.0367mol Sn_3N_4\\\\E=23.2kJ[/tex]
Regards!
It took 2.30 minutes using a current of 3.00 A to plate out all the copper from 0.300 L of a solution containing Cu2 . What was the original concentration of Cu2
Answer:
7.16 × 10⁻³ M
Explanation:
Let's consider the reduction reaction of copper during the electroplating.
Cu²⁺(aq) + 2 e⁻ ⇒ Cu(s)
We can calculate the moles of Cu²⁺ present in the solution using the following relations.
1 A = 1 C/s.1 min = 60 s.1 mole of electrons has a charge of 96486 C (Faraday's constant).1 mole of Cu²⁺ is reduced when 2 moles of electrons are gained.The moles of Cu²⁺ reduced are:
[tex]2.30 min \times \frac{60s}{1min} \times \frac{3.00C}{s} \times \frac{1mole^{-} }{96486C} \times \frac{1molCu^{2+} }{2mole^{-} } = 2.15 \times 10^{-3} molCu^{2+}[/tex]
[tex]2.15 \times 10^{-3} moles[/tex] of Cu²⁺ are in 0.300 L of solution.
[Cu²⁺] = 2.15 × 10⁻³ mol/0.300 L = 7.16 × 10⁻³ M
help!! An atomic number of 4, an atomic mass of 8 and a charge of +1.
Answer:
berylium
Explanation:
atomic number 4 atomic mass 8 and charge +1
QUESTION 3 (a) Ammonium sulphate, (NH),50, is a soluble salt and it is used in agriculture as fertiliser. 5 g of ammonium sulphate is dissolved in 1 litre of water to produce ammonium sulphate solution. (Relative atomie mass: H = 1, N = 14,0 = 16, )
Calculate
(1) the number of inoles of dissolved ammonium sulphate
(ii) the number of molecules present in the ammonium sulphate solution.
(iii) the number of positive ions present in the ammonium sulphate solution
(iv) the number of negative ions present in the ammonium sulphate solution
(v) the total number of ions present in the ammonium sulphate solution
Answer:
The equation: (NH₄)₂SO₄ = 2NH4(+) + SO4(-2)
The number of moles = 5 g / 132.14 g/mol = 0.038 mol
The number of molecules = 0.038 X 6.022x10^23 = 2.29x10^23
the number of positive ions present in the ammonium sulphate solution:
2 positive ions for every 1 molecule of (NH₄)₂SO₄
so 2 x 2.29x10^23 = 4.58x10^23
the number of negative ions present in the ammonium sulphate solution
1 negative ion for every 1 molecule of (NH₄)₂SO₄
so 1 x 2.29x10^23 = 2.29x10^23
the total number of ions present in the ammonium sulphate solution
4.58x10^23 + 2.29x10^23 = 6.87x10^23
The most intense line in the emission spectrum for sodium appears at a wavelength of 589 nm. What color would you expect to observe when a solution that contains sodium ions is heated strongly in the flame of a Bunsen burner
Answer:
The most intense line in the emission spectrum for sodium appears at a wavelength of 589 nm.
What color would you expect to observe when a solution that contains sodium ions is heated strongly in the flame of a Bunsen burner?
Explanation:
Put a clean wire loop in a solid sample of the compound containing sodium ions, then keep it on the blue flame of the Bunsen burner.
The color of sodium ions in the Bunsen burner shows charactrestic yellow color.
13. What does the Law of Conservation of Mass state?
The student adds 0.0010 mol of NaOH(s) to solution Y, and adds 0.0010 mol of NaOH(s) to solution Z. Assume that the volume of each solution does not change when the NaOH(s) is added. The pH of solution Y changes much more than the pH of solution Z changes. Explain this observation.
Answer:
The answer is in the explanation.
Explanation:
A buffer is defined as the aqueous mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base or vice versa. Buffers are able to avoid the pH change of a solution when strong acid or bases are added (As NaOH).
Based on the experiment, it is possible that the solution Z was a buffer and Y another kind of solution. For this reson, pH of the solution Y changes much more than the pH of solution Z changes despite the amount of NaOH added is the same in both solutions.
Choose the atom that has the largest atomic radius.
a. Cl
b. S
c. Na
d. Si
Answer:
the correct answer is option C. Na
Waves are generated when energy passes through causing them to move matter through ____ ?
Answer:
sending heat waves and vibrations
what flora eat? pliz tell me someone
Answer:
flora eat food
Explanation:
because that what every living thing eats to grow.
Answer:
sugar??
Explanation:
plants photosynthesise to make their own food (mainly glucose) to be transported around the plant
Arrange the following molecules in order of decreasing polarity of their bonds.
a. PBr3
b. SF2
c. H2O
d. NCl3
Answer:
SF2 > H2O > PBr3 > NCl3
Explanation:
Compare the electronegativity values for the atoms and classify the nature of the bonding based on the electronegativity difference.
P has an electronegativity of 2.1, while Br has an electronegativity of 2.96. The difference is 0.86, indicating that these atoms will form covalent bonds.
S has an electronegativity of 2.58 while F has an electronegativity of 4.0. The difference is 1.42, indicating that these atoms will form polar covalent bonds.
O has an electronegativity of 3.5 while H has an electronegativity of 2.1. The difference is 1.4, indicating that these atoms will form polar covalent bonds.
N has an electronegativity of 3.04, whereas Cl has an electronegativity of 3.5. This difference of 0.46 indicates that these atoms will form covalent bonds.
We know that the greater the electronegativity, the higher the polarity. In decreasing order of polarity, we have:
SF2 > H2O > PBr3 > NCl3
someone answer please
Answer:
A
Explanation:
rank in order the strongest to the weakest acid cbr3cooh, ch3cooh and ccl3cooh
Answer: Rank in order the strongest to the weakest acid is [tex]CCl_{3}COOH[/tex] > [tex]CBr_{3}COOH[/tex] > [tex]CH_{3}COOH[/tex].
Explanation:
More readily a substance is able to donate a hydrogen ion more will be its acidic strength. Hence, stronger will be the acid.
More is the electronegativity of atoms attached to the acid more easily it will donate a proton. Hence, more will be its acidic strength.
Chlorine is more electronegative in nature as compared to bromine. So,
[tex]CCl_{3}COOH[/tex] is more acidic than [tex]CBr_{3}COOH[/tex].
Since there is no electronegative group attached to [tex]CH_{3}COOH[/tex] so it is least acidic than [tex]CCl_{3}COOH[/tex] and [tex]CBr_{3}COOH[/tex].
Thus, we can conclude that rank in order the strongest to the weakest acid is [tex]CCl_{3}COOH[/tex] > [tex]CBr_{3}COOH[/tex] > [tex]CH_{3}COOH[/tex].
The citric acid cycle has a catabolic role, oxidizing acetate into CO2 and generating energy, and an anabolic role.
a. True
b. False
A hot air balloon has an air vent that keeps the air pressure inside and outside the same. Allen observes that a hot air balloon rises up when the gas molecules inside it are heated. Which
of the following laws is used to understand the behavior of the gas and why?
a) The high temperature brings the gas molecules closer together according to Charles's law because this law describes how a gas will behave at constant pressure
b) The high temperature makes the gas molecules spread apart according to Charles's law because this law describes how a gas will behave at constant pressure.
c) The high temperature lowers volume according to Boyle's law because this law describes how a gas will behave when the number of moles remains constant.
d) The high temperature ralses volume according to Boyle's law because this law describes how a gas will behave when the number of moles remains constant.
Answer:
B - The high temperature makes the gas molecules spread apart according to Charles's law because this law describes how a gas will behave at constant pressure.
Explanation:
Charle's Law describes the relationship between temperature and volume, where increased temperature leads to increased volume. When volume is increased, that means the gas molecules are more spread apart and have more random motion. Therefore, the answer is B.
The high temperature causes the gas molecules to spread apart according to Charles's law because explain how a gas, behave at constant pressure.
What does Charles law state?The physical principle called Charles' law which states that the volume of a gas equals a constant value many by its temperature as measured on the Kelvin scale.
Volume regaled by a clinched amount of gas is directly proportional to its temperature and pressure if remains steady.
Thus, option "B" is correct, the volume of a gas equals a constant value.
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A 3.06 gram sample of an unknown hydrocarbon with empirical formula CH2O was found to contain 0.0170 moles of the substance. What are the molecular mass and molecular formula, respectively, of the compound
Answer:
180 amu
C₆H₁₂O₆
Explanation:
Step 1: Determine the molecular mass of the compound
The sample has a mass (m) of 3.06 g and it contains (n) 0.0170 moles. The molar mass M is:
M = m/n = 3.06/0.0170 mol = 180 g/mol
Then, the molecular mass is 180 amu.
Step 2: Determine the molar mass of the empirical formula.
M(CH₂O) = 1 × M(C) + 2 × M(H) + 1 × M(O)
M(CH₂O) = 1 × 12 g/mol + 2 × 1 g/mol + 1 × 16 g/mol = 30 g/mol
Step 3: Determine the molecular formula
First, we will determine "n" according to the following expression.
n = molar mass molecular formula / molar mass empirical formula
n = 180 g/mol / 30 g/mol = 6
The molecular formula is:
n × CH₂O = 6 × CH₂O = C₆H₁₂O₆
What are fluids? Why are they so called?
Fluids are liquid and gases. They take the shape of their containers. They are called fluids because of their ability to flow.
In this lab, you will be making solutions of potassium permanganate (KMnO4), which has a formula weight of 158.04 g/mole. Remember to show your calculations and include tne Correct unnits in your answers
a) How many grams of KMnO4 would you need to make 1 L of a 2M solution?
b) How many grams of KMnO4 would you need to make 350 mL of a 0.75 M solution?
c) How many grams of KMnO4 would you need to make 80 mL of a 0.01 M solution?
Answer:
A. Mass of KMnO₄ = 316.08 g
B. Mass of KMnO₄ = 41.49 g
C. Mass of KMnO₄ = 0.13 g.
Explanation:
A. Determination of the mass of KMnO₄
We'll begin by determining the number of mole of KMnO₄ in the solution. This can be obtained as follow:
Volume = 1 L
Molarity = 2 M
Mole of KMnO₄ =?
Mole = Molarity × Volume
Mole of KMnO₄ = 2 × 1
Mole of KMnO₄ = 2 moles
Finally, we shall determine the mass of KMnO₄. This can be obtained as follow:
Mole of KMnO₄ = 2 moles
Molar mass of KMnO₄ = 158.04 g/mole
Mass of KMnO₄ =?
Mass = mole × molar mass
Mass of KMnO₄ = 2 × 158.04
Mass of KMnO₄ = 316.08 g
B. Determination of the mass of KMnO₄
We'll begin by determining the number of mole of KMnO₄ in the solution. This can be obtained as follow:
Volume = 350 mL = 350/1000 = 0.35 L
Molarity = 0.75 M
Mole of KMnO₄ =?
Mole = Molarity × Volume
Mole of KMnO₄ = 0.75 × 0.35
Mole of KMnO₄ = 0.2625 mole
Finally, we shall determine the mass of KMnO₄. This can be obtained as follow:
Mole of KMnO₄ = 0.2625 mole
Molar mass of KMnO₄ = 158.04 g/mole
Mass of KMnO₄ =?
Mass = mole × molar mass
Mass of KMnO₄ = 0.2625 × 158.04
Mass of KMnO₄ = 41.49 g
C. Determination of the mass of KMnO₄
We'll begin by determining the number of mole of KMnO₄ in the solution. This can be obtained as follow:
Volume = 80 mL = 80/1000 = 0.08 L
Molarity = 0.01 M
Mole of KMnO₄ =?
Mole = Molarity × Volume
Mole of KMnO₄ = 0.01 × 0.08
Mole of KMnO₄ = 0.0008 mole
Finally, we shall determine the mass of KMnO₄. This can be obtained as follow:
Mole of KMnO₄ = 0.0008 mole
Molar mass of KMnO₄ = 158.04 g/mole
Mass of KMnO₄ =?
Mass = mole × molar mass
Mass of KMnO₄ = 0.0008 × 158.04
Mass of KMnO₄ = 0.13 g
(a) Describe the process by which Nitrogen is obtained from air on a large scale
The element nitrogen exists as a gas and is obtained from air on a large scale by fractional distillation of air.
What is an element?An element is defined as a substance which cannot be broken down further into any other substance. Each element is made up of its own type of atom. Due to this reason all elements are different from one another.
Elements can be classified as metals and non-metals. Metals are shiny and conduct electricity and are all solids at room temperature except mercury. Non-metals do not conduct electricity and are mostly gases at room temperature except carbon and sulfur.
The number of protons in the nucleus is the defining property of an element and is related to the atomic number.All atoms with same atomic number are atoms of same element.
Learn more about element,here:
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In what form is energy that is NOT used for life processes released from living things?
1. Thermal energy
2. Chemical energy
3. Light energy
4. Sound energy
Answer:
Correct answer would be Option 2, Chemical Energy
Hope this helps!
Determine the Concentration of the Unknown Strong Acid
In this activity you will use the virtual lab to determine the concentration of a strong monoprotic acid. To do this, you can perform
a titration using NaOH and phenolphthalein found in the virtual lab. (Note: The concentration of the acid is between 0.025M and
2.5M so you will need to dilute the NaOH solution so that the volume to reach the endpoint is between 10 and 50 mL).
Once you have determined the concentration of the acid, please enter your answer into a form at the bottom of this page.
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Unknown Acid Problem
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