in Chapter 7 bankruptcy a debtor

A) Is required to draw up a petition listing all assets and liabilities

B) dose not have to pay a filing fee

C) is absolved of alimony and child support payments

D) dose not have to repay educational loans​

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: A. is required to draw up a petition listing all assets and liabilities.

Explanation:

Bankruptcy simply refers to the legal whereby an economic entity is unable to repay their outstanding debts. In this case, the individual or business will need to sell its remaining assets in order to pay the liabilities.

Due to the above reason, then the debtor will be required by the government to list all of their assets and the liabilities that it owns and this will be used in determining whether the obligation has been fulfilled or not.


Related Questions

Karl and Kara own a business that specializes in providing outdoor adventure experiences for tourists. They employ a staff of eight adventure guides who are responsible for providing each client with a safe and enjoyable outdoor experience. Recently, Karl and Kara received a number of complaints about the guides from clients. Karl believes that the problem can be resolved by providing the guides with additional customer service and communication training. But Kara suggests that before investing resources into training, they should conduct a needs assessment to see if training is the best solution, and if so, which type of training would be the most beneficial.

Answers

Answer: Needs assessment

Explanation:

Your question isn't well written as you've already given the answer to the question which is needs assessment.

A needs assessment is used for determining the needs as well as addressing the needs between the present conditions and the desired conditions.

The main purpose of needs assessment is in order to know the people whom are in need and the types of needs.

how does the exchange rate affect international trade

Answers

Answer: The correct answer is C. They determine how much can import for a certain amount of currency.

Explanation:

How does microfinance benefit an economy?​

Answers

Answer:

it enables people to use money wisely

Explanation:

this is because a specific amount of money will be provided for a specific reason

Managers should not become complacent about efficiency-based cost advantages because: a. both learning effects and economics of scale go on forever. b. the experience curve will bottom out at some point. c. cost advantages gained from experience effects are not affected by the development of new technologies. d. unit costs keep reducing as output increases. e. the experience curve steadily rises after a certain threshold is reached, indicating an increase in unit costs.

Answers

Answer:

b. the experience curve will bottom out at some point.

Explanation:

In the case when the manager could not become complacent regarding the advantage of efficiency based cost so here the experience curve should be end up at some point of time as the experience curve shows the relationship between the production quantity in cumulative one with the production cost

Therefore the option b is correct

Question 6 of 25
For which of the following housing situations is there a tenant and a landlord?
O A. Buying a home
B. Staying at a hotel
O
C. Renting a house
O
D. Selling a condominium
Could someone answer this pls?

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

This is because, in renting a house, the owner becomes your landlord and you become the tenant

Honi is not a resident of Iowa although her website can be accessed by residents of that state. Jean files a suit against Honi in an Iowa state court. The court is most likely to have jurisdiction over Honi if Jean's claim arises from Group of answer choices the Internet's capacity to bypass boundaries. minimum contacts between Honi and any Iowa resident. substantial business between Jean and Honi through Honi's website. passive advertising on Honi's website.

Answers

Answer:

substantial business between Jean and Honi through Honi's website.

Explanation:

Jurisdiction of a court is the limit of its authority in in various proceedings such as cases, appeals, suits, and so on.

Normally state courts have jurisdiction when transactions occurred physically within the state.

However in this scenario where Honi's website can be accessed by residents of that state, a suit can be brought against her if there is substantial business between Jean and Honi through Honi's website.

A firm has a demand function p=108-5q and the cost function c=-12q+q^2. find the price at which profit is maximum. find the maximum profit. also find the output for maximum cost.

Answers

Answer:

[tex](a)\ q=3.5[/tex]

[tex](b)\ t_{max} = 120.25[/tex]

(c) No maximum

Explanation:

Given

[tex]p = 108 - 5q[/tex]

[tex]c = -12q + q^2[/tex]

Solving (a): The price at maximum profit.

The profit (t) is calculated using the following function

[tex]t = p - c[/tex] --- price- cost

So, we have:

[tex]t = 108 - 5q - (-12q + q^2)[/tex]

Open bracket

[tex]t = 108 - 5q +12q - q^2[/tex]

[tex]t = 108 +7q - q^2[/tex]

Rewrite as:

[tex]t = - q^2 + 7q + 108[/tex] --- this is the profit function

A quadratic function is represented as:

[tex]y = ax^2 + bx + c[/tex]

The maximum is:

[tex]x = -\frac{b}{2a}[/tex]

By comparison:

[tex]q = -\frac{7}{2*-1}[/tex]

[tex]q=3.5[/tex] ----- price at maximum profit

Solving (b): The maximum profit

The profit function is:

[tex]t = - q^2 + 7q + 108[/tex]

The maximum is:

[tex]t_{max} = -3.5^2 + 7 * 3.5 +108[/tex]

[tex]t_{max} = 120.25[/tex]

Solving (c): Maximum cost

We have:

[tex]c = -12q + q^2[/tex]

The maximum price of the above function is:

[tex]q = -\frac{-12}{2*1}[/tex] ---- from x = -b/2a

[tex]q = \frac{12}{2}[/tex]

[tex]q = 6[/tex]

So, the maximum cost is:

[tex]c_{max} = -12 * 6 + 6^2[/tex]

[tex]c_{max} = -36[/tex]

The cost function has no maximum; only minimum

Did the demand curve shift during the coronavirus?

Answers

Answer:

Yes, it is correct to say that the demand curve shifted during the coronavirus, as the pandemic was an unexpected event that caused a planned economic recession, with the main objective of reducing production levels and demand in order to contain the pandemic.

One of the examples was the legislation that forced the closing of stores and restaurants in order to reduce the circulation and agglomeration of people in order to reduce the contagion by the virus, which caused a drop in demand and jobs.

Suppose the town of Falls Valley has a mosquito problem. After a bad summer, the town accountants explain that the marginal cost of providing one more treatment for mosquito control is $100,000. The town should provide the additional mosquito control only if the marginal: Group of answer choices social cost of mosquito control is more than $100,000. benefit for any individual citizen is at least $100,000. social cost of mosquito control is less than $100,000. benefits for all individual citizens add up to at least $100,000.

Answers

Answer:

The correct option is "benefits for all individual citizens add up to at least $100,000".

Explanation:

Marginal cost refers to the additional cost incurred in order to provide an additional unit of a commodity.

For a community, town, or country, benefit is maximized when the marginal cost of providing a good or service to the community, town, or country is equal to the sum of the marginal benefit for all individual citizens of the community, town, or country.

Based on the above explanation, the correct option is "benefits for all individual citizens add up to at least $100,000". That is, the town should provide the additional mosquito control only if the marginal benefits for all individual citizens add up to at least $100,000.

What is the new law the American government enacted for promoting small businesses in the country?

O The Small Businesses Act of 1954.
O The Small Businesses Act of 1953.
O The Small Businesses Act of 1955.
O The Small Businesses Act of 1958.

Answers

Answer:

The Small Businesses Act of 1953.

Explanation:

In the United States of America, majority of the competitive landscape or business environment is made up of small business enterprise.

The Small Business Administration (SBA) is an agency of the federal government that is saddled with the responsibility of providing both managerial and financial assistance to small businesses in the United States of America.

The Small Businesses Act of 1953 was enacted as an Act of Congress on the 30th of July, 1953 by the Congress of the United States of America to create the Small Business Administration (SBA).

Hence, SBA was established in 1953 as an autonomous (independent) agency of the government of the United States of America to aid, counsel, assist and protect American entrepreneurs and to preserve small business institutions.

Generally, it is saddled with the responsibility of providing both managerial and financial assistance and counseling to small businesses in order to bolster the American economy.

The small business administration (SBA) serves as an intermediary between entrepreneurs and investors or creditors, so as to provide them with the necessary funds required to plan, start and grow their business.

Basically, SBA provides services such as entrepreneurial development, access to funds, advocacy and contracting to small businesses (entrepreneurs) in the United States of America.

In conclusion, the Small Businesses Act of 1953 was the new law the American government enacted for promoting small businesses in the country.

A CPA sole practitioner purchased stock in a client corporation and placed it in a trust as an educational fund for the CPA's minor child. The trust securities were not material to the CPA but were material to the child's personal net worth. Would the independence of the CPA be considered to be impaired with respect to the client? Group of answer choices No, because the CPA does not have a material indirect financial interest in the client. Yes, because the stock is a direct financial interest. No, because the CPA does not have a direct financial interest in the client. Yes, because the stock is an indirect financial interest that is material to the CPA's child.

Answers

Answer:

Yes, because the stock is a direct financial interest.

Explanation:

The principals of the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct contains the responsibilities which are to exercise sensitive professional and moral judgment, in terms of the Public Interest to always honor the public trust and perform responsibilities with the highest sense of integrity.

The 3 Parts of the AICPA code of conduct. This includes:

(1) Members in public practice

(2) Members in business

(3) Other members

In accounting, code of conduct is important as it makes individuals to accept a high degree of responsibility toward the public.

Thd independence of a covered member is impaired when:

A. The covered member has a direct financial interest in a client

B. The covered member has a material indirect financial interest in the client

Direct Financial Interest

This is simply known as the ownership interests that is directly held in a client. An example is stock ownership, even if owned in a blind trust etc.

Do you think that interest and capacity play a great role to get success in a profession?Give your opinion.​

Answers

Answer:

For many people, interest is a driving factor for motivation and happiness in their life. Interest is one of the important parts while choosing a career. When we love what we are doing, we will always put our best performance forward and strive to learn more. Consequently, that will enhance our self-confidence as well.

Explanation:

It is important to know yourself and your capacities. Your strengths are things you can leverage on, things you can use to push yourself further. On the other hand, your weaknesses are not your downfall. So,interest and capacity is important in our career.

Yes, I think interest and capacity play a great role to get success in a profession.

What is interest?

An interest is a desire or want to do/hear something or someone. interest can be stated as an emotion that a person possess regarding something. a person is said to be interested if that particular thing excites or gives a joyful feeling to person while doing that particular act. interest is very essential in a profession to be successful because if a person is not interested in particular subject and profession how can that person provide best services out of that profession.

What is capacity?

Capacity is an ability of a person to perform a particular job or to do a particular task. capacity here refers to the thinking capacity or mental capability that is required in a profession. this is another ingredient that is very important to be successful in any profession.

for example you cannot ask a 5 year old to be judge in a court because that person doesn't possess such professional skill along with it he is not capable to think and provide service for same profession.

What is profession?

A profession is a field of work that requires special knowledge and training over a period of time. a person doing profession is known as professionals. the profession is basically a way of knowing and learning skills and education for a particular subjects such as law, medical. the practitioners of professions are said to be expert of such profession.

Hence, to get successful in a profession, interest and capacity is very important and essential as interest creates curiosity and eagerness to learn that particular profession in every manner and explore every aspect of that profession to provide best service out of it along with it the capacity to grasp and learn such skills to be expert in such profession is also required.

Therefore, a successful professional is one that have interest in that particular field and also capable to learn and evolve in that particular profession according to need and requirement.

Supporting answer

To learn more about profession here https://brainly.com/question/23186207

#SPJ2

The general term for the payments for the use of resources is ______?
A. wages
B. rent
C. interest
D. factor payments​

Answers

A. Wages is the general term for the payments for the use of resources

The umbrella word used to describe payments for the usage of resources is Factor payments. Hence, Option D is correct.

What is factor payment?

Factor payments in economics are the compensation that individuals receive for providing the factors of production—land, labor, capital, or entrepreneurialism. Payments made with limited resources or production inputs in exchange for useful services.

 

Rent, wages and salaries for work, interest and dividends are the factor payments received for land, labor, and capital, respectively. It describes one method for determining GDP using income.

The factor income technique, also referred to as the "income approach," calculates GDP by adding employee wages, rent, interest, and profit. Payments provided to production factors, such as rent, interest, profit, wages, etc., are referred to as factors payments.

Thus, Option D is correct.

Learn more about payment from here:

https://brainly.com/question/15138283

#SPJ2

History of Stock Exchange in India

Answers

Answer:

The first organised stock exchange in India was started in 1875 at Bombay and it is stated to be the oldest in Asia. In 1894 the Ahmedabad Stock Exchange was started to facilitate dealings in the shares of textile mills there. The Calcutta stock exchange was started in 1908 to provide a market for shares of plantations and jute mills.

Then the madras stock exchange was started in 1920. At present there are 24 stock exchanges in the country, 21 of them being regional ones with allotted areas. Two others set up in the reform era, viz., the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and Over the Counter Exchange of India (OICEI), have mandate to have nation-wise trading.

They are located at Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Bangalore, Bhubaneswar, Mumbai, Kolkata, Kochi, Coimbatore, Delhi, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Indore, Jaipur’ Kanpur, Ludhiana, Chennai Mangalore, Meerut, Patna, Pune, Rajkot.

The Stock Exchanges are being administered by their governing boards and executive chiefs. Policies relating to their regulation and control are laid down by the Ministry of Finance. Government also Constituted Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) in April 1988 for orderly development and regulation of securities industry and stock exchanges.

Daniel wants to buy a laptop computer, and he has $300 in savings. He can purchase a new computer for $279 or a refurbished [repaired or renovated] computer for $100. What should Daniel do next?

Answers

Answer:

He should buy a refurbished computer

Explanation:

This saves him 179  dollars

Thomas and stephani are married with four qualifying children. Their earned income is 28500. Calculate the eic using the eic formula

Answers

Answer:

$6,557.

Explanation:

Following the eic formula, The eic of Thomas and Stephani filling as jointly married with over 3 children and an income < $55952  is = $6,557.

using the eic formula

= $6557

n a bicycle race with a $5,000 prize for the winner, a cyclist was leading by a significant margin. A spectator at the race was married to the second place rider. Sensing that her husband would not win unless she took action, the spectator drove to a point two miles ahead on the course, scattered several nails in the middle of the course, and then left the area. Soon thereafter, the cyclist approached the area and noticed the nails. He attempted to swerve around the obstruction but a nail punctured his tire. He fell off his bike, suffered significant physical injuries, and was unable to complete the race. If the cyclist sues the spectator, under what theory is the cyclist least likely to recover maximum punitive damages

Answers

Answer: intentional infliction of emotional distress.

Explanation:

In order for an individual to be able to make a claim of intentional infliction of emotional distress, it is required that the plaintiff must prove that the defendant intentionally acted recklessly or caused emotional distress to the person. In this case, there no evidence that an emotional distress was suffered.

Therefore, the theory that the cyclist is least likely to recover maximum punitive damages is intentional infliction of emotional distress.

HELP PLS
A construction company in a small town needs to hire workers to build a new community center. There are only 4 people in town who are qualified to work:
- Klara works full-time at the local gas station, earning $8.99 per hour
- Henry works full-time as an administrative assistant at the town hall, earning $19.99 per hour
- Alex works four hours a day mowing lawns, earning $11.99 per hour, and another four hours a day cleaning houses, earning $17.99 per hour
- Melody works full-time at a bank in the next town earning $22.99 per hour
What hourly wage must the construction company offer to get enough workers to fill 30 hours per day? Assume your answer is in dollars per hour and enter a numeric value only.

Answers

Answer:

$23

Explanation:

What are the basic points to be considered while running the occupation? for each of them​

Answers

Answer:

interest

qualification

skills

finance

I need points 5),:6)6

Please I need help!!

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

For example, the sticky-price theory asserts that the output prices of some goods and services adjust slowly to changes in the price level. Suppose firms announce the prices for their products in advance, based on an expected price level of 100 for the coming year. Many of the firms sell their goods through catalogs and face high costs of reprinting if they change prices. The actual price level turns out to be 90. Faced with high menu costs, the firms that rely on catalog sales choose not to adjust their prices. Sales from catalogs will _____________.

Answers

Answer:

fall

Explanation:

We know that when demand for goods and services are low, this can impact prices since there would be a fall in sales. This happened due to the fact that people would reduce their demand for the good given the increase in their price. From the question that we have here we have been told that the prices that were set by the catalogue when compared to the actual price level is on the high side.

given this explanation, the conclusion is that the sales from catalogues are going to fall

If Texia specializes in food, it can produce 1,000 units of food and 0 units of clothing this year. If it specializes in clothing, it can produce 500 units of clothing and 0 units of food. This year Urbania can produce either 500 units of food and 0 units of clothing or 200 units of clothing and 0 units of food. (assume linear production possibility frontiers) _______has the absolute advantage in the production of clothing and ________has the absolute advantage in the production of food. Texia; Texia Texia; Urbania Urbania; Texia Urbania; Urbania

Answers

Answer:

Texia; Texia

Explanation:

A country has absolute advantage in the production of a good or service if it produces more quantity of a good when compared to other countries

Texia can produce 1000  units of food while Urbania can produce 500  units of food . Texia produces more food

Texia can produce 500 units of clothing while Urbania can produce 200 units of clothing. Texia produces more clothing

Texia has an absolute advantage in both activities

Why is the market demand curve for public goods calculated as a vertical summation of individual demand​ curves?
A. because public goods require vertical summation to account for the higher level of fairness compared to private goods.
B. because public goods are finite in availability of​ consumption, so the vertical summation accounts for the limit.
C. because the public good is​ non-rival, so you and others can consume every unit of the good at the same time.
D. because public goods are the opposite of private​ goods, therefore the summing must be done similar to club goods.

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

A public good is a good that is non excludable and non rivalrous. Everyone has assess to the statue and because one person is enjoying the view of the statue does not means another person cannot enjoy the view of the statue. The demand curve for public goods is summed vertically because all individuals can consume every unit of the good at the same time.

A private good is a good that is excludable and rivalrous. They are usually exchanged in the market by private sector businesses. It is only you who purchased the ferrari and those you allow that can use the ferarri.

An organization has experienced significant turnover among its creative writers. During exit interviews, the writers have expressed dissatisfaction with rigid starting times, a lack of recognition for their work, and poor communication between managers and employees. How should the organization incorporate the social well-being aspect in its action plan to address the issue?

Answers

Answer:

Establish a work/life program that allows flexibility.

Explanation:

In the case when there is the exit interviews so the writer would shows the dissatisfaction also there is less recognition towards the work and the poor communication between the managers and employees

So the organization should incorporate the social well being in a way where it created the work or life program that permits the flexibility

So as per the given situation, the above statement should be the answer

Your merchant fee is 3%. Your
customers paid you $2,200,000
through credit cards. What fee
must you pay the credit card
company?
$ [?]

Answers

Answer:

66,000

Explanation:

2,200,000*.03= 66,000

State the type of skewness for a frequency distribution whose three quartiles are 21, 18 and 20.

Answers

Answer:

Left skew

Explanation:

Given the quartiles of a distribution :

21, 18 and 20

Lower quartile, Q1 = 18

Median, Q2 = 20

Upper quartile, Q3 = 21

Representing the quartiles of the distribution as box plot, we can see that the median, Q2 is much closer to the third quartile, Q3, Than it is to the first quartile, Q1. Hence, we have a left skew or a negatively skewed distribution.

Sports and marketing have to compete on which angle if they want to be relevant to the 21st century market?

cheapest prices

scarcest supply

most appealing

quickest distribution

Answers

Answer:

cheapest prices

Explanation:

Marketing can be defined as the process of developing promotional techniques and sales strategies by a business firm, so as to enhance the availability of goods and services to meet the unending requirements, needs or wants of the end users or consumers through advertising and market research. Thus, it comprises all the activities such as, identifying, anticipating set of medium and processes for creating, promoting, delivering, and exchanging goods and services that has value for customers.

In sales and marketing, pricing of products is considered to be an essential element of a business firm's marketing mix because place, promotion and product largely depends on it.

Price can be defined as the amount of money that is required to be paid by a buyer (customer) to a seller (producer) in order to acquire goods and services. Thus, it refers to the amount of money a customer or consumer buying goods and services are willing to pay for the goods and services being offered.

Hence, sports and marketing have to compete on the cheapest prices, if they want to be relevant to the 21st century market because it's the most important factor that influences the willingness of a consumer to buy a good or take a service.

Barclay Bikes manufactures and sells three distinct styles of bicycles: the Youth model sells for $420 and has a unit contribution margin of $165; the Adult model sells for $970 and has a unit contribution margin of $510; and the Recreational model sells for $1,120 and has a unit contribution margin of $560. The company's sales mix includes: 5 Youth models; 9 Adult models; and 6 Recreational models. If the firm's annual fixed costs total $6,620,000, calculate the firm's contribution margin per composite unit.

Answers

Answer:

the  firm's contribution margin per composite unit is $8,775

Explanation:

The computation of the firm's contribution margin per composite unit is given below:

= $165 × 5 + $510 × 9 + $560 × 6

= $825 + $4,590 + $3,360

= $8,775

Hence, the  firm's contribution margin per composite unit is $8,775

Therefore the same is to be considered and relevant

291. Much of the hope for continued improvement of the economy lies in the projection of increasing consumer spending this year. . A. projection of increasing consumer spending B. projection of consumers increasing spending for C. projected consumer spending increase 37 D. consumer spending that is projected to increase E. increase in consumer spending that is projected for

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is E:

Much of the hope for continued improvement of the economy lies in the increase in consumer spending that is projected for.

Explanation:

i. Much of the hope (this is the main Subject of the conversation)

ii. for continued improvement (this is the Prepositional phrase. It modifies the noun “hope”)

iii. of the economy (this is a Prepositional phrase – it modifies the noun “improvement”)

iv. lies in the projection (This is the main Verb – “lies”)

v. of increasing consumer spending this year. (This is the prepositional phrase. It modifies the noun “projection”)

At first glance, it would appear that the positive experience that is anticipated is the projection.

A projection (unqualified) in this case is an estimate of how a thing will be in the future.

Having stated this, we see that it is more logical to hope for a positive experience that will occur than to just hope. Hence the hope is really in the increase in consumer spending not in the projection as a separate word.

(E) therefore is the Correct option because in this option that in this option “that” modifies “increase”.

Cheers

If the public decides to hold more currency and fewer deposits in banks, bank reserves a. decrease and the money supply eventually decreases. b. decrease but the money supply does not change. c. increase and the money supply eventually increases. d. increase but the money supply does not chang

Answers

A. Decreases and the money supply eventually decreases
Other Questions
If m 1 and mn - 3 = 3 - n , then what is the value of n?A) 6/ m+1B) 6/ m-1C) 6/ m+nD) 6/ m-n Which function below has the following domain and range?Domain: {-7, - 5,2, 6, 7}Range: {0, 1,8} A bird has a kinetic energy of 3 J and a potential energy of 25 J. What is the mechanical energy of the bird? If there were 36 candies and only 12 children, how many candies would each child get? Kati was in the kitchen when she heard a crash. She went into her bedroom and found her window broken and a baseball lying on the ground. Kati said "this baseball broke my window." This statement is an in 1824, Louis Braille developed a system of writing for the blind, Quickly,___ system, known as "Braille" after ___ inventor, spread from ___ France to dozens of___ countries( in a/an/the or "x" ) 3-612simplyfication An ideal parallel plate capacitor with a cross-sectional area of 0.4 cm2 contains a dielectric with a dielectric constant of 4 and a dielectric strength of 2 x 108 V/m. The separation between the plates of the capacitor is 5 mm. What is the maximum electric charge (in nC) that can be stored in the capacitor before dielectric breakdown Given the following formula, solve for y. In a triangle ABC, angle BAC = 53 and angle ACB = 28. If AB is produced to D, find angle CBD. A basketball team received a care package and split it evenly among5 players. If each player received 9 candy bars, how many candy barswere in the care package?Help please What is the name of the invisible line that runsdown the center of the axial region? CAN SOMEONE PLEASE ANSWER MY QUESTION?! Lakisha wants to buy some bitcoins. The exchange rate is $1 USD to 0.004 bitcoin. How many bitcoins can she buy with $400? Why must scientists be careful when studyingnanotechnology? PLEASE HELP ME! I REALLY NEED HELP can someone please help me? Which type of white blood cell is activated by antigens that are bound to antibodies?monocyteseosinophilsbasophilsneutrophils In a microarray analysis used to compare sporulating and nonsporulating yeast, a spot that appears yellow at a given time point is associated with a gene that is _______. View Available Hint(s) In a microarray analysis used to compare sporulating and nonsporulating yeast, a spot that appears yellow at a given time point is associated with a gene that is _______. is expressed roughly equally in both sporulating and nonsporulating yeast likely to play a role in the process of sporulation expressed in neither the sporulating nor the nonsporulating yeast present in sporulating, but not in nonsporulating yeast Which of the following parts of a prokaryote is the part of the cell membrane that is folded in and thought to be usedfor helping DNA replicate?A. MesosomeB. GenophoreC. PeptidoglycanD. Cell wall