Answer:
The Total Value of a Firm's Equity and Distribution Methods:
1. Repurchases give stockholders a choice to sell their stock and realize their capital gains or keep their stock and receive future dividends. False True
2. Repurchases allow a firm to buy back as much stock as it wants, at whatever price it wants, without affecting shareholders. This statement is False.
3. Dividends provide signals about a firm's future prospects, whereas some investors might misinterpret why a firm is repurchasing stock. This statement is True.
4. Repurchase transactions allow a firm to buy back stock that may be needed to fulfill obligations when employees exercise their stock options. This saves the costs associated with issuing new shares.
Explanation:
Dividends and stock repurchase are two methods of distributing net earnings by a company. Both methods reduce the equity balance by decreasing the Retained Earnings, which are components of the Stockholders' Equity. Stock repurchase is usually embarked upon by management when it wants to reduce the number of outstanding shares, increase both the demand for the shares and the price, and boast the Earnings Per Share.
Bloom Company management predicts that it will incur fixed costs of $251,000 and earn pretax income of $365,100 in the next period. Its expected contribution margin ratio is 61%. Required: 1. Compute the amount of total dollar sales. 2. Compute the amount of total variable costs
Answer and Explanation:
The computation is shown below;
a. The amount of the total dollar sales is
Pretax income = Sales value - Variable cost - Fixed cost
where,
Sales value - variable cost = Contribution margin
$365,100 = Contribution margin - $251,000
So,
Contribution margin = $616,100
Now
Contribution margin = Sales value × Contribution margin ratio
$616,100 = Sales value × 61%
So,
Sales value = $1,010,000
b. The total variable cost is
= Sales - fixed cost - pre tax income
= $1,010,000 - $251,000 - $365,100
= $393,900
Selected sales and operating data for three divisions of different structural engineering firms are given as follows: Division A Division B Division C Sales $ 12,000,000 $ 14,000,000 $ 25,000,000 Average operating assets $ 3,000,000 $ 7,000,000 $ 5,000,000 Net operating income $ 600,000 $ 560,000 $ 800,000 Minimum required rate of return 14% 10% 16% Required: 1. Compute the return on investment (ROI) for each division using the formula stated in terms of margin and turnover. 2. Compute the residual income (loss) for each division. 3. Assume that each division is presented with an investment opportunity that would yield a 15% rate of return. a. If performance is being measured by ROI, which division or divisions will probably accept or reject the opportunity
Answer:
1. See part 1 below for the calculations.
2. We have:
Division A's Residual Income (loss) = $180,000
Division B's Residual Income (loss) = ($140,000)
Division C's Residual Income (loss) = $0
3.a. Only Division B will probably accept the investment opportunity.
3.b. Divisions A and B will probably accept the investment opportunity.
Explanation:
Note: This question is not complete as the part 3-b of the requirement is omitted. The question is therefore completed before answering the question by providing the part 3-b as follows:
b. If performance is being measured by residual income, which division or divisions will probably accept the opportunity?
The explanation of the answer is now provided as follows:
The following are given:
Division A Division B Division C
Sales $12,000,000 $14,000,000 $25,000,000
Average operating assets $3,000,000 $7,000,000 $5,000,000
Net operating income $600,000 $560,000 $800,000
Min. req'd rate of return 14% 10% 16%
1. Compute the return on investment (ROI) for each division using the formula stated in terms of margin and turnover.
The relevant formulae are as follows:
Margin = Net Operating Income / Sales
Turnover = Sales / Average Operating Assets
Return on Investment = Margin * Turnover
Therefore, we have:
Division A:
Margin = $600,000 / $12,000,000 = 0.05, or 5%
Turnover = $12,000,000 / $3,000,000 = 4 times
Return on Investment = 5% * 4 = 0.20, or 20%
Division B:
Margin = $560,000 / $14,000,000 = 0.04, or 4%
Turnover = $14,000,000 / $7,000,000 = 2 times
Return on Investment = 4% * 2 = 0.08, or 8%
Division C:
Margin = $800,000 / $25,000,000 = 0.032, or 3.20%
Turnover = $25,000,000 / $ 5,000,000 = 5 times
Return on Investment = 3.2% * 5 = 0.16, or 16%
2. Compute the residual income (loss) for each division.
The following is the formula to use:
Residual Income (loss) = Net Operating Income - (Minimum Required Return * Average Operating Assets)
Therefore, we have:
Division A's Residual Income (loss) = $600,000 - (14% * $3,000,000) = $180,000
Division B's Residual Income (loss) = $560,000 - (10% * $7,000,000) = ($140,000)
Division C's Residual Income (loss) = $800,000 - (16% * $5,000,000) = $0
3-a. Assume that each division is presented with an investment opportunity that would yield a 15% rate of return. If performance is being measured by ROI, which division or divisions will probably accept the opportunity?
If a division's Return on Investment (ROI) is less than 15%, the decision criterion is to accept the investment opportunity. Otherwise, it will be rejected. Therefore, only Division B is will probably accept the investment opportunity, based on the results of Part 1 above. Division A and C will reject it.
3-b. Assume that each division is presented with an investment opportunity that would yield a 15% rate of return. If performance is being measured by residual income, which division or divisions will probably accept the opportunity?
The decision criterion is for a division to accept the investment opportunity if its minimum required rate of return is lower than 15%. Otherwise, it will be rejected.
Based on the information in the question, Divisions A and B will probably accept the investment opportunity. Division C will reject it.
Suppose you have $100 of endowment, and you are offered a chance to buy a lottery which costs $36. The lottery has 43% of chance to win a prize of $G, or you just lose and get nothing. Suppose your utility function on wealth is u(w)=w^1/2. What is the least prize size G that you will be willing to buy the lottery? (Round to the second digit after decimal point.)
Answer:
96.02
Explanation:
Lottery's Expected utility = [tex]\sqrt{100}[/tex] = 10
Income in good state = 100 - 36 + G = 64 + G
Income in bad state = 100 - 36 = 64
Probability in good state = 43%
Probability in bad state = 100% - 43% = 57%
Expected utility = Probability in good state x [tex]\sqrt{(64 + G )}[/tex] + Probability in bad state x [tex]\sqrt{64\\}[/tex]
10 = 43% x [tex]\sqrt{(64 + G )}[/tex] + 57% x 8
10 = 43% x [tex]\sqrt{(64 + G )}[/tex] + 4.56
10 - 4.56 = 43% x [tex]\sqrt{(64 + G )}[/tex]
5.44 = = 43% x [tex]\sqrt{(64 + G )}[/tex]
5.44 / 43% = [tex]\sqrt{(64 + G )}[/tex]
12.65 = [tex]\sqrt{(64 + G )}[/tex]
[tex]12.65^{2}[/tex] = [tex](\sqrt{(64 + G )})^{2}[/tex]
160.0225 = 64 + G
G = 160.0225 - 64
G = 96.0225
G = 96.02
The master budget includes individual budgets for sales, production or merchandise purchases, various expenses, capital expenditures, and cash.
A. True
B. False
Answer: True
Explanation:
The statement that the master budget includes the individual budgets for the sales, production or merchandise purchases, various expenses, capital expenditures, and cash is true.
It should be noted that the master budget consists of the budgets of the lower-level that can be found in an organization, the cash flow forecasts, and a financial plan.
The master budget gives firm a wider view of its finances and is used in making organizational decisions.
Differentiate between a defined contribution pension plan and a defined benefit pension plan. Explain how the employer's obligation differs between the two types of plans.
Answer:
Differences Between a Defined Contribution Pension Plan and a Defined Benefit Pension Plan.
With a defined contribution pension plan, the benefit that will accrue to the employee is not known or defined ahead of her retirement. But the contributions that will be made by the employer and the employee to fund the pension are clearly spelt out.
With a defined benefit pension plan, the benefit (i.e. the monthly payment to the retiree) is stated ahead of the pension time. It is based on the employee's tenure and salary. Employees do not contribute to the plan but are entitled to lifetime monthly payments.
Explanation:
The employer and each employee contribute some certain percentages to each worker's individual retirement account (IRA) under the defined contribution pension plan. Under the defined benefit pension plan, the employer is solely responsible for funding the plan and the employee benefits via a monthly payment from the funding plan during retirement.
Do we have to show repair expense of abnormal loss in consignment account.If yes,how ?
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
to see the income and costs of the business
The journal entry to record the accrual of factory utilities is to: Multiple choice question. debit Factory Overhead and credit Utilities Payable debit Utilities Payable and credit Factory Overhead debit Factory Overhead and credit Cash debit Cash and credit Factory Overhead
Answer:
debit Factory Overhead and credit Utilities Payable
Explanation:
The journal entry to record the accrual of factory utilities is to: Debit Expense Account - Factory Overhead and Credit Liability Account -Utilities Payable.
On November 1, clients of Great Designs Company prepaid $4,250 for services to be provided in the future at a rate of $85 per hour. a. Journalize the receipt of cash. If an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank. Nov. 1 fill in the blank 15e2fafaf020002_2 fill in the blank 15e2fafaf020002_3 fill in the blank 15e2fafaf020002_5 fill in the blank 15e2fafaf020002_6 b. As of November 30, Great Designs shows that 15 hours of services have been provided on this agreement. Journalize the necessary adjusting entry. If an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank. Nov. 30 fill in the blank 55e33803103f004_2 fill in the blank 55e33803103f004_3 fill in the blank 55e33803103f004_5 fill in the blank 55e33803103f004_6 c. Determine the total unearned fees in hours and dollars at November 30. Unearned fees in dollars $fill in the blank b5fba80a1040fa8_1 Unearned fees in hours fill in the blank b5fba80a1040fa8_2 hours
Answer:
Total unearned fees in dollars at November 30 = $2975
Total unearned fees in hours at November 30 = 35 hours
Explanation:
Find the present value of $19,000 in 11 months at 5.1% interest
Answer:
$19,886.396
Explanation:
Given :
Interest rate = 5.1% = 5.1
Principal = $19000
Period = 11 months = (11/12)year
The present value of 19000 in 11 months at 5.1% interest Can be obtained using the relation:
PV = P(1 + r)^n
PV = 19000(1 + 0.051)^(11/12)
PV = 19000(1.051)^(11/12)
PV = 19000 * 1.0466524
PV = 19886.396
Hence, the present value is $19,886.396
Given the points (-4,8) and (6,-12)
Answer:
N/A
Explanation:
What is the question. There is nothing to answer.
Hi guys, I need your help to give your opinions about this one.
Example:
The experts on your island warn of a possible tsunami, but opinions are divided.
a. A quarter of the experts (group A) assume that a tsunami will certainly come.
b. Three quarters of the experts (group B) assume that the tsunami will come with a 10 percent probability.
Which professionals (group A or group B) would you like to believe more and why? Give reasons for your answer. And what are the consequences of this decision for your actions? And how do you deal with the risks of a wrong decision?
I would believe group A more
because, as we know "Precaution is always better an cure"
If I stay more cautious about it, there are less chances of the tsunami to cause a severe harm. If I don't stay much cautious, according to group B, and in case if their prediction goes wrong, I'll be in serious danger.
I chose group A because
even if the tsunami ain't powerful enough, I would be glad I was careful enough for it and it'll help me in future if I face another situation like this again
The consequences if I chose group B would be :
well, if I would have chose B, I won't have taken any Precautions at all
I won't have been careful enough
and in case their prediction went wrong, I would have to suffer high losses.
I hope it helps.... Have a great time ahead!
Mass customization is ______. Group of answer choices the redesign of components found to be faulty in earlier versions of a product the mass production of individually customized products the reuse of components discarded from scrapped products the production of each product by hand for specific custom
Answer:
production of individually customized products
Explanation:
Mass customization can be described as when a company produces and delivers market goods and services that are suited to meet the needs of individual customers
It combines the benefit of low cost associated with mass production with the customization of goods.
An example of a product that is mass customized is the mobile phone. A mobile phone is mass produced but due to its software, users are able to modify or customize their phone to suit their needs
Types of Mass customization
Collaborative customization: In this type of Mass customization, customers and the company work together to create a good or service that meets the unique needs of the consumer. Adaptive customization: the good or service created can be further customized by the consumer to suit their needs. Transparent customization: unique products are made for each consumer . Cosmetic customization: different types of standardized products are made for various groups of customers.Advantages of Mass customization
Customer satisfaction increasesGoods are produced at lower costsDisadvantages of Mass customization
It would be difficult for the company to build up stock ahead of time due to the unique needs of the customersthere would be an increased wait time from the time the order is made till when it is deliveredWhat is the initial selling price needed to obtain a target profit of $50,000 using the manufacturing cost markup method
Answer:
$15 per unit
Explanation:
Note "The full question is attached as picture below"
Markup = (Fixed Costs + Desired Profit) / Units produced
Markup = ($300,000 + $150,000 + $50,000) / 50,000
Markup = $500,000 / 50,000 units
Markup = $10 per unit
Variable cost per unit = Variable cost / Quantity
Variable cost per unit = ($200,000 + $50,000) / 50,000
Variable cost per unit = $5 per unit
Sales price = Variable cost + Markup
Sales price = $5 per unit + $10 per unit
Sales price = $15 per unit
So, the initial selling price needed to obtain a target profit of $50,000 using the manufacturing cost markup method is $15 per unit.
Because this market is a monopolistically competitive market, you can tell that it is in long-run equilibrium by the fact that at the optimal quantity for each firm. Furthermore, the quantity the firm produces in long-run equilibrium is the efficient scale. True or False: This indicates that there is a markup on marginal cost in the market for shirts. True
Answer:
Because this market is a monopolistically competitive market, you can tell that it is in long-run equilibrium by the fact that P = ATC, P>ATC, MR =MC, or MR>MC at the optimal quantity. Furthermore, the quantity the firm produces in long-run equilibrium is the efficient scale. True False
This indicates that there is a markup on marginal cost in the market for shirts. True False
Explanation:
In the long run, monopolistically-competitive entities produce at a level where marginal cost and marginal revenue are equal. This makes it impossible for individual companies to sell their products at prices above the average cost. This situation means that monopolistically-competitive companies will always earn zero economic profit in the long run.
Consuela is a business analyst for her company. She is working from home and on a video conference with several other team members. Her video conferencing client displays a message indicating that the quality of her connection is unstable. What is the most likely problem
Answer: c) Latency between her VPN client removing encryption and making it available to the video-conferencing client is causing poor performance.
Explanation:
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is used to protect the identity of people online as it encrypts a person's data and uses different servers to allow them browse the web and with a different IP address from the user's original IP address that way it appears as though the user is somewhere else in the world than they actually are.
In doing this however, VPNs might give slow speeds due to the latency that develops as the VPN encrypts and decrypts data for use. In this case, the VPN latency in decrypting the video call for Consuela to see it is slowing down the speed of the Video conferencing client.
A DuPont analysis is conducted using the DuPont equation, which helps to identify and analyze three important factors that drive a company’s ROE. According to the equation, which of the following factors directly affect a company’s ROE? Check all that apply. Total Assets / Total Common Equity Net Income / Sales Price per Share / Earnings per Share
Answer:
Total Assets / Total Common Equity
Explanation:
Depend upon theDu Pont Equation,
The following formula should be used
ROE = Net profit margin × Total asset turnover × Equity multiplier
And,
ROE = (Net profit ÷ Sales) × (Sales ÷ Total Assets) × (Assets ÷ Equity)
So as per the above formula, the above answer should be considered
Felix is training for a triathlon, a timed race that combines swimming, biking, and running. Consider the following sentence: Felix has only 20 hours this week that he can devote to training. Each hour he spends swimming is an hour that he can't spend biking or running. Which basic principle of individual choice do these statements best illustrate?
a. Juanita can use time most efficiently by spending the same amounts of time on swimming, biking, and running.
b. People face trade-offs
c. People usually exploit opportunities to make themselves better off.
d. Juanita has an incentive to spend more time on swimming than on biking or running.
You notice that the price of Blu-ray players falls and the quantity of Blu-ray players sold increases. You suspect that _____ Blu-ray players shifts to the _____. demand for; left supply of; left demand for; right supply of; right
Answer:
supply of; right
Explanation:
When the supply curve shifts rightward, there would be a rightward shift of the supply curve. As a result of the rightward shift, supply would increase and the price falls.
When the price of a good falls, the quantity demanded increases. This is in line with the law of demand.
According to the law of demand, the higher the price, the lower the quantity demanded and the lower the price, the higher the quantity demanded.
Thus, when the price of blue ray players fall, there would be an increase in the quantity of demanded. there would a movement down along the demand curve.
n economy has three industries, farming, building, and clothing. For every dollar of food produced, the farmers use $0.1, the builders use $0.05, and the tailors use $0.05. For every dollar of building, the builders use $0.05, the farmers use $0.11, and the tailors use $0.13. For every dollar of clothing produced, the tailors use $0.06, the builders use $0.15, and the farmers use $0.1. If the external demand for food is $260 million, for building is $200 million, and for clothing is $120 million, what should be the total production for each industry
Answer:
Please find the complete question for the solution:
Explanation:
Using formula:
[tex]\text{Production for each industry = External demand} \div \%\ \text{to meet external demand}[/tex]
[tex]- \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ Farming \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ Building \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ Clothing \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{Remaining \% to meet external demand}\\\\\text{For every \$ of:}\\\\\\ Food \ produced \ \ \ \ \ \ 7\% [(\frac{\$0.07}{\$1})\times 100] \ \ \ \ \ \ 3\% [(\frac{\$0.03}{\$1})\times 100] \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 6\% [(\frac{\$0.06}{\$1})\times 100 \ \ \ \ \ 84\%\\\\[/tex]
[tex]Building\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 5\% [(\frac{\$0.05}{\$1})\times 100] \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 5\ [\frac{\$0.05}{\$1})\times 100] \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 13\% [(\frac{\$0.13}{\$1})\times 100]\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 77\%\\\\Clothing\ produced \ \ \ 18\% [(\frac{\$0.18}{\$1})\times 100]\ \ \ 4\% [(\frac{\$0.04}{\$1})\times 100]\ \ 13\% [(\frac{\$0.13}{\$1})\times 100] \ \ 65\%\\\\[/tex]
So, the answer is:
[tex]\text{Farming production} (\$170\ mil \div 84\%)\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \$202.38\ million\\\\\text{Building production} (\$140\ mil \div 77\%)\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \$181.82 \ million\\\\\text{Clothing production} (\$240\ mil \div 65\%)\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \$369.23\ million\\\\[/tex]
The total production for each industry is as follows:
Food Building Clothing
(Million) (Million) (Million)
Total production $325 $281.69 $173.91
How is total production determined?The total production for each industry is determined by dividing the external demand by external usage per dollar.
The external usages per dollar are the differences between what the primary producers consumed or used and the total production per dollar.
Data and Calculations:Food Building Clothing
Farmers' usage $0.1 $0.11 $0.10
Builders' usage $0.05 $0.05 $0.15
Tailors' usage $0.05 $0.13 $0.06
External usage $0.80 $0.71 $0.69
External demand $260 $200 $120
Total production $325 $281.69 $173.91 ($120/$0.69)
Thus, the total production for each industry is Food, $325 million, Building, $281.69 million, and Clothing, $173.91 million.
Learn more about production and consumption https://brainly.com/question/4978509
You company requires that all projects yield a return of 12%. You’re the head of a project team developing a new product. The initial investment needed is $500,000 and the expected cashflows from this project will be 70,000 for the next 10 years. Will your project be approved, (generates a return higher than 12%). What cashflow would be required to get your project approved?
Answer:
initial investment = $500,000
10 cash flows of $70,000
Present value of cash flows = 5.65022 * $70,000 = $395,515.40
NPV = -$500,000 + $395,515.40 = -$104,484.60
The project should be rejected.
In order to approve the project, the cash flows should = $500,000 / 5.65022 = $88,492.13. With these cash flows the NPV = $0.
Hot Shot Delivery Inc. provides the following year end data:
2020 2019
Cash $65,000 $38,000
Accounts Receivable 60,000 39,000
Merchandise Inventory 66,000 26,000
Property, Plant & Equip 219,000 154,000
Total Assets 410,000 257,000
Sales Revenue $530,000
Cost of Goods Sold 180,000
Interest Expense 30,000
Net Income 112,000
Calculate the rate of return on total assets for 2018.
a. 55.3%.
b. 52.5%.
c. 42.6%.
d. 27.3%.
Answer:
c. 42.6%
Explanation:
Average total assets = $410,000+$257,000/2
Average total assets = $667,000
Average total assets = $333,500
Net income = $112,000
Interest expenses = $30,000
Return on total assets = Net income + Interest expenses / Average total assets
Return on total assets = $112,000 + $30,000 / $333,500
Return on total assets = 0.42388060
Return on total assets = 42.39%
How do different careers in the human services relate to one another
It has been argued that the traditional model of a full-service, lead advertising agency is becoming obsolete. Discuss the changes occurring in the industry and how they are affecting the traditional lead agency model.
Answer:
It can be argued that the traditional leading full-service advertising agency model is becoming obsolete by the emergence of new technologies and communication tools such as social media. The relationship between company and consumer is no longer something more mechanized and distant to become more direct and personal, this was made possible by the very characteristics of social media, which are fast and integrative communication tools, which humanized and brought companies closer to consumers, making relationship marketing a great advantage in the quest for value creation and market positioning.
Therefore, after companies have immersed themselves in social media, communication is faster and more instantaneous, in addition to being cheaper, it does not require so much elaborate advertising effort, but content that engages its potential audience, generates value and focuses on building relationships . So advertising is really just a construction of the real connections that consumers want to have with the company, its values, objectives and mission.
name the market structure in which agriculture farming operate
Answer:
The right answer is "Pure monopoly, monopolistic competition and oligopoly".
Explanation:
The agricultural market system would be fundamentally competitive as well as is often called straight-up competitiveness.Agriculture would be ideal competitiveness even though it has a vast variety of industries and every company generates a small proportion of the overall production of such marketplace.Thus the above is the correct answer.
When he became the president of Jem Incorporated, John Smith changed the date of the weekly payday from the end of the day on Monday to the end of the day on Friday. The company has a weekly payroll of $10 million, and the cost of short-term funds was 13%. If this change delayed check clearing by 1 week, what annual savings were realized
Answer: $1.3 million
Explanation:
Based on the information given in the question, if this change delayed check clearing by 1 week, then the annual savings that were realized will be:
= Weekly payroll × Cost of short term funds
= $10 million × 13%
= $10 million × 0.13
= $1.3 million
Annual savings realized is $1.3 million.
Your project is split into two teams across two different continents. They understand the work to be completed, as well as communication processes. But they still often argue about how the work should be accomplished and who should make decisions. Given what you know, what is the most likely cause for these issues?
Answer:
Your project is split into two teams across two different continents. They understand the work to be completed, as well as communication processes. But they still often argue about how the work should be accomplished and who should make decisions. Given what you know, what is the most likely cause for these issues?
cultural differences
Explanation:
If Medicaid is expanded to cover a greater percentage of the population: the public debt will immediately increase. implicit liabilities will increase. implicit liabilities will decrease. implicit liabilities will be unaffected.
Answer: implicit liabilities will increase.
Explanation:
Implicit liabilities are incurred by government as a result of them having to take care of their citizens. Medicaid is one such liability.
If the government were to expand the percentage of people in the country that are to be covered by medical aid, this would mean that more Medicaid will be paid by the government which means that the implicit liabilities will increase.
considers the problem of building railway tracks under the assumption that pieces fit exactly with no slack. Now consider the real problem, in which pieces don’t fit exactly but allow for up to 10 degrees of rotation to either side of the "proper" alignment. Explain how to formulate the problem so it could be solved by simulated annealing
Answer:
By using simulated annealing we will sample the next state, evaluate and take the next state according to the probability e^Δv
Value function ( V ) = ( a * number of gaps ) + ( b * number of misconnected pieces ) + ( c * sum of sizes of gaps )
a,b,c = adjustable
Explanation:
In order to solve this problem by simulated annealing
First condition : assuming that pieces of the railways tracks fit exactly with no slack
Assume a state configuration of 32 pieces, use of discrete operations whose function is to remove pieces and reconnect it somewhere else without slack , we will also consider a continuous operations to help change angles to real values
Second condition : considering a real problem
This condition can be considered to be a closed loop because when one joint is moved all other joints are moved, here we will consider using a heuristic function
By using simulated annealing we will sample the next state, evaluate and take the next state according to the probability e^Δv
Value function ( V ) = ( a * number of gaps ) + ( b * number of misconnected pieces ) + ( c * sum of sizes of gaps )
a,b,c = adjustable
a T-bill money market fund that yields a sure rate of 4.6%. The probability distributions of the risky funds are: Expected Return Standard Deviation Stock fund (S)166%Bond fund (B)70%The correlation between the fund returns is 0.0800. What is the Sharpe ratio of the best feasible CAL
Answer:
The Sharpe ratio of the best feasible CAL is 0.3167.
Explanation:
Note: This question is not complete as some data are omitted. The complete qustion is therefore provided before answering the question. See attached pdf file for the complete question.
Risk-free rate = Sure rate of the T-bill money market fund = 4.6%, or 0.046
Sharpe ratio of a fund = (Expected return - Risk-free rate) / Standard Deviation …………. (1)
Using equation (1), we have:
Sharpe ratio of Stock fund = (16% - 4.6%) / 36% = 0.3167
Sharpe ratio of Bond fund = (7% - 4.6%) / 30% = 0.08
Since Sharpe Ratio of Stock Fund (S) is higher than Sharpe Ratio of Bond Fund (B), this implies that the best option is to invest in Stock Fund (S).
Therefore, the Sharpe ratio of the best feasible CAL is 0.3167.
The world's average (mean) GDP per capita is $10,515. There are roughly 7 billion people in the world. About 20% of the world's population produces 50% of the world's total GDP. How much GDP does the top 20% produce
Answer:
$36.802.50 billion
Explanation:
GDP per capita measures the standard of living of the people in a country. The higher the GDP per capita, the higher the standard of living
GDP per capita = GDP / population
Gross domestic product is the total sum of final goods and services produced in an economy within a given period which is usually a year
GDP calculated using the expenditure approach = Consumption spending by households + Investment spending by businesses + Government spending + Net export
$10,515 = GDP / 7 billion
GDP = $10,515 x 7 billion
GDP = 73,605 billion
GDP of the top 20% = 50% x 73,605 billion = $36.802.50 billion
