Therefore, after currency depreciation increases over time giving curve a J shape.
What is depreciation?Depreciation is a term used in accounting to refer to two different aspects of the same concept: first, the actual decline in an asset's fair value caused by use, such as the annual decline in value of industrial equipment, and second, the application of an asset's initial cost over the course of its useful life. Depreciation is essentially act of "writing down," or reallocating, the cost of a tangible asset over duration of its useful life. It also refers to the fall in asset value. Business depreciates long-term investments for accounting and tax purposes. It is common practice to allocate the cost as a depreciation charge across the expected use periods for the asset.
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the shows the assets, liabilities, and owners' equity of a firm, at a specific point in time.
The balance sheets display a company's assets, liabilities, and owner's equity at a particular time.
what is a balance sheet?A balance sheet is a financial statement that lists the assets, liabilities, and shareholder equity of a corporation at a certain point in time. Balance sheets serve as the foundation for calculating investor return rates and assessing a company's financial structure.
The balance sheet, or statement of financial position, is a summary of the assets and liabilities of a corporation as well as the amount of shareholder investment. To do fundamental analysis or determine financial ratios, balance sheets can be utilized alongside other significant financial accounts.
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Your question is incomplete, probably the complete question is-
The _____ shows the assets, liabilities, and owners' equity of a firm, at a specific point in time.
Answer:
balance sheet
Explanation:
For a monopolistically competitive firm in long-run equilibrium:
a. price will equal marginal cost.
b. price will equal average total cost.
c. marginal revenue will exceed marginal cost.
d. economic profits will be some positive amount.
For a monopolistically competitive firm in the long-run equilibrium price will equal the average total cost. Thus, option 'B' is the correct option.
What happens to price in long run in monopolistic competition?In long-run equilibrium, a monopolistically competitive firm's pricing will be equal to its average total cost. A monopolistically competitive corporation never generates any economic profits in the long run. The price is equal to the average total cost when a producer is earning no economic profits, or P = ATC.
Businesses in monopolistic competition continue to produce at a level where marginal cost and marginal income are equal over the long term. But when more businesses enter the market, the demand curve will have moved to the left.
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g by how much will don's agi increase due to his partnership activities? assume he has no other capital gains or losses. note: qbi is deducted after agi and before taxable income.
A tax break known as the qualified business income deduction (QBI) enables qualified small-business owners and self-employed individuals to deduct up to 20% of their qualifying business income from their taxable income.
How is Qbi determined for a partnership?
50% of the company's W-2 wages OR the total of 2.5% of the unadjusted basis of all qualifying property + 25% of the company's W-2 wages. Whichever of these two wage tests results in a bigger deduction is your choice.
Qbid: How is it determined?25% of the W-2 wages paid by the trade or business plus 2.5% of the unadjusted basis of the qualified property used by the trade or business, or 50% of the W-2 wages paid by the trade or business to create the QBI, whichever is larger.
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refers to having other people help you by reading the draft and communicating with you about its strengths and weaknesses.
Evaluating is the process of getting assistance from others by having them read your manuscript and discuss its advantages and disadvantages with you.
What does assessing accomplish?A programmed, precise, intervention, or initiative's effectiveness in achieving its objectives can be studied scientifically by using evaluation. Evaluations help identify the aspects of a programme or effort that are successful and those that could be improved.
What is an illustration of evaluation?Review Sentence Samples He paused to inspect the gold-plated jeweler. In order to make rescue efforts easier, assess the run-out beneath the rapid. To employ in the driver, we first examine a variety of compression algorithms. I look for opportunities, he claimed.
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Derive the evolutionary equation for debt-to-GDP ratio from the government budget constraint and explain how to reduce it (I've attached a picture of in class notes)
Higher the Primary Deficit, higher will be the next year debt-to-GDP Ratio [tex]$\left(\frac{b_t}{y_t}\right)$[/tex]
What is Gross Domestic Product ?GDP calculates the monetary value of the final goods and services—those purchased by the consumer—produced in a nation during a specific time period.
According to the given information
Government Budget Constraint:
[tex]B_t-B_{t-1}=r B_{t-1}+G_t-T_t \text { - (1) }[/tex]
[tex]where $B_t=$ Debt in year $t$ (current year $=t$ )[/tex]
[tex]$B_{t-1}[/tex] = Debt in year t-1.
[tex]$T_t[/tex] = Taxes in year t
Now, Let [tex]$y_t[/tex] = Income in year t.
[tex]$\frac{B_t}{y_t}=$[/tex] Debt Ratio or Debt-to-4DP ratio.
from equation (1), we have
[tex]B_t & =r B_{t-1}+B_{t-1}+G_t-T_t \\[/tex]
[tex]& =(1+r) B_{t-1}+G_t-T_t[/tex]
We adjust the equation's two sides for income [tex]y_{t}[/tex]
[tex]& \Rightarrow \frac{B_t}{y_t}=(1+\gamma) \frac{B_{t-1}}{y_t}+\frac{G_t-T_t}{y_t} \\[/tex]
[tex]& \Rightarrow \frac{B_t}{y_t}=(1+\gamma) \frac{B_t-1}{y_t} \times\left(\frac{y_{t-1}}{y_{t-1}}\right)+\frac{G_t-T_t}{y_t} \\[/tex]
[tex]& \Rightarrow \frac{B_t}{y_t}=(1+r) \frac{B_{t-1}}{y_{t-1}} \times\left(\frac{y_{t-1}}{y_t}\right)+\frac{G_t-T_t}{y_t}-(2)[/tex]
Now, let g be the % change in y
[tex]& g=\frac{y_t-y_{t-1}}{y_{t-1}} \\\Rightarrow & g=\frac{y_t}{y_{t-1}}-1 \\[/tex]
[tex]\Rightarrow & \frac{y_t}{y_{t-1}}=1+g \\\Rightarrow & \frac{y_t-1}{y_t}=\frac{1}{1+g}[/tex]
Put [tex]$\frac{y_{t-1}}{y_t}$[/tex] in equation (2), we get
[tex]\frac{B_t}{V_t}=\frac{(1+\gamma)}{(1+g)} \frac{B_{t-1}}{y_{t-1}}+\frac{G_t-T_t}{y_t}[/tex]
We know, [tex]$\frac{1+x}{1+y} \approx 1+x-y$[/tex]
[tex]& \text { So, } \frac{B_t}{y_t} \approx(1+\gamma-g) \frac{B_{t-1}}{y_{t-1}}+\frac{G_t-T_t}{y_t}-4 \\[/tex]
[tex]& \Rightarrow \frac{B_t}{y_t}=\frac{B_{t-1}}{y_{t-1}}+(\gamma-g) \frac{B_t-1}{y_{t-1}}+\frac{G_t-T_t}{y_t} \\[/tex]
[tex]& \Rightarrow \frac{B_t}{y_t}-\frac{B_{t-1}}{y_{t-1}}=(\gamma-g) \frac{B_{t-1}}{y_{t-1}}+\frac{G_t-T_t}{y_t} \quad[/tex] Hence proved
Equation (4) is the evolutionary equation for Debt_to-4DP Ratio. where [tex]$G_t-T_t=$[/tex] Primary Deficit
[tex]\Rightarrow \frac{G_t-T_t}{y_t}[/tex] = Primary deficient ratio
Higher the Primary Deficit, higher will be the next year debt-to-GDP Ratio [tex]$\left(\frac{b_t}{y_t}\right)$[/tex]
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to format a range so that all values greater than $500 appear in red, which of the following can you use? T/F
"To format a range so that all values greater than $500 appear in red, you can use conditional formatting rule" is True Option A
What is conditional formatting rule?Generally, To format a range so that all values greater than $500 appear in red, you can use a conditional formatting rule. This is a feature in spreadsheet programs such as Micro/soft Excel and Go/ogle Sheets that allows you to apply formatting to cells based on the values in those cells or based on a formula.
To create a conditional formatting rule to highlight values greater than $500 in red, you can do the following:
Select the range of cells you want to apply the formatting to.
In the ribbon or menu bar, go to the "Home" or "Format" tab and click on the "Conditional Formatting" button.
In the conditional formatting options, select "Greater Than" or "Less Than" from the list of rules.
In the value or formula field, enter "500" or "$500".
Select the red fill or red text formatting that you want to apply to the cells that meet the condition.
Click "OK" or "Apply" to apply the formatting rule to the selected cells.
You can also use a formula in the conditional formatting rule to apply formatting based on more complex conditions. For example, you could use the formula "=A1>500" to apply the formatting to cells in column A where the value is greater than 500.
In summary, you can use a conditional formatting rule to format a range so that all values greater than $500 appear in red.
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is a risk response where the risk owner reduces the probability of a threat against an asset by utilizing resources.
In a qualitative risk response, the risk owner employs resources to lessen the likelihood that a threat would be made against an asset.
What is a resource and examples?A resource is a tangible good that people value and require, such as water, land, and air. Whether a resource is regarded as renewable or nonrenewable depends on whether it can replace itself at the same rate it is used up or has a finite amount. A supply or support source: a practical way. A natural source of wealth or income, which is most often used in plural. A natural phenomena or trait that improves the quality of human existence; frequently used in plural.
Why are resources important?Resources are important to humans for the following reasons: When resources are used as a raw material, human needs or comforts are addressed. They also present chances for employment. Any country's development depends on its resources. For instance, industrial development requires mineral resources and the production of energy requires fossil fuels. The unwise and excessive exploitation of natural resources leads to socioeconomic and environmental problems.
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Movements along versus shifts of demand curves
Event:
A change in the expectations of consumers about prices.
A decrease in the number of consumers.
An increase in the price of donuts.
An increase in the number of consumers.
A change in tastes of consumers that makes them desire more hot dogs.
A decrease in the price of hot dogs.
A decrease in the price of cereal
a change in tastes of consumers that makes them desire more cereal
an increase in the price of milk (a complement for cereal)
shift; shift; movement along
shift; shift; movement along
Movement along; shift, shift
The demand curve for donuts shows the relationship between the price of donuts and the quantity of donuts demanded by consumers, assuming that all of the determinants of demand are held constant. The following list displays determinants of demand, which are the factors that affect the quantity of donuts consumers want to buy at a given price: price of a related good (complement or substitute), income of consumers, tastes of consumers, number of consumers, expectations of consumers.
The movement of the demand curve as hot dog prices decline. a shift in consumer preferences that increases their appetite for hot dogs.
What is consumer preferences?Consumer preference refers to decisions made by consumers to increase their level of satisfaction. Although consumers can choose some of the products they purchase, they are not always able to get exactly what they want.The theory of consumer preference has been around for many years. It has been used to explain consumer behavior. The application of consumer preference can be done in a variety of ways, including marketing, advertising, product design, etc.According to the theory, consumers are affected by their own preferences, other people's preferences, and the environment in which they make decisions. In addition to social norms and cultural values, which can be viewed as social pressure to adhere to particular behaviors or beliefs, consumers are also influenced by these factors.To learn more about beliefs refer to:
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suppose nike and adidas are considering whether to develop new advertising campaigns. for each pair of strategies, the blue triangle at the top of each square shows nike's payoff and the yellow triangle at the bottom of each square shows adidas's payoff, in billions. use this information to complete the sentences.
The best outcome for Nike is to Advertise and for Adidas to not Advertise
If Adidas chooses not to advertise, their best result will happen if Nike chooses not to advertise. The Nash equilibrium for this advertising game is for Nike to choose to Advertise and for Adidas to not Advertise What does marketing in a firm entail?Marketing your company through advertising is one strategy to boost sales or enhance audience awareness of your goods or services. Your advertising may contribute to a customer's initial perceptions of your company before they interact with you and make a purchase.
Advertising is an effective technique that you may use to draw clients, educate them about your products, and gain their trust. The majority of businesses utilize some form of advertising to market their goods and services.
The benefit of advertising are:
Increased customer reachincrease consumer knowledge of your brand and company.promote the advantages of your goods and services.provide details about your company.Therefore, Nike will be better off without advertising as their sales are up based on the table but Adidas have to advertise if they want to bring their sales up.
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c. as the number of non-correlated stocks increase in a portfolio, overall variance will likely decrease
The aforementioned assertion is accurate; as a portfolio's non-correlated stock holdings grow, its total variance will probably decrease.
What transpires if a portfolio's stock count rises?The projected systematic risk should stay a constant as more stocks are added to the portfolio, bringing the aggregate risks closer to it.Given that the variance (or standard deviation) of the portfolio represents the x-axis of the efficient frontier, modern portfolio theory suggests that portfolio variance can be decreased by selecting asset classes with a low or negative correlation, such as stocks and bonds.If the characteristic of the sample has little variance, the correlation coefficient will be smaller. An illustration of this pattern is the relationship between IQ and academic success. Only including kids with comparable academic performance reduces the correlation.The complete question is,
Genuine or fake. A portfolio's total variance will probably decrease as the proportion of non-correlated equities grows.
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thinking ahead to retirement, assume you will be able to earn a 10 percent return on your investments. if you have saved $230,000 and expect to live 17 more years when you retire, calculate the annual annuity you will be able to receive for 17 years. (enter your answer as a positive number rounded to 2 decimal places.)
Retirement is the cessation of one's employment, occupation, or active working life. [1] Another way to semi-retire is to work fewer hours or with less job. When they are old or unable to work due to health issues,
many people decide to retire. People may also retire when they are eligible for private or public pension benefits, while others are compelled to do so due to legislation governing their jobs or because their physical conditions make it impossible for them to continue working (due to disease or accidents). [2] The concept of retiring was first popularized in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in the majority of nations. Low life expectancy previously
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Recognition of a recourse liability will make a loss on sale of receivables larger than it would otherwise have been. True
I Recourse Liabilities means any obligation, guaranty or indemnity by a Member under any loan to the Company or any Operating Company.
What is the recognition of liabilities?Recourse Liabilities are the amounts owed by the Partnership that are not Nonrecourse Liabilities or Partner Nonrecourse Liabilities.
A recourse is a legal agreement that grants the lender the right to repossess the pledged collateral if the borrower fails to meet the debt obligation. The lender's legal right to collect is referred to as recourse. Lenders benefit from recourse lending because they are guaranteed some repayment, whether in cash or liquid assets.
Companies that use recourse debt have a lower cost of capital because lending to that firm carries less underlying risk. Recourse Liabilities are the amounts owed by the Partnership that are not Nonrecourse Liabilities or Partner Nonrecourse Liabilities.
A recourse is a legal agreement that grants the lender the right to collect on the loan.
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monetary policy, banks will discover that their reserves are below those required and that the federal funds rate has increased.
A bond purchase is possible. The most significant and efficient approach to raise the money supply out of these three is by purchasing bonds. Bank lending must be decreased if the federal fund is to shrink the money supply.
Federal funds, often known as fed funds, are surplus reserves that commercial banks and other financial institutions deposit with regional Federal Reserve banks. These funds can subsequently be loaned to other market players that lack the necessary cash on hand to fulfill their lending and reserve needs. Since the majority of these loans are issued for the overnight period, they are unsecured and have a relatively low interest rate known as the federal funds rate or overnight rate. Commercial banks' daily reserve requirements—the sum of money they must have on hand at their local Federal Reserve—are met in part thanks to Fed funds. Each bank's reserve needs are determined by the amount of client deposits it currently has.
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Condensed financial data are presented below for the Phoenix Corporation:20X2 20X1Accounts receivable $ 267,500 $ 230,000 Inventory 312,500 257,500 Total current assets 670,000 565,000 Intangible assets 50,000 60,000 Total assets 825,000 695,000 Current liabilities 252,500 200,000 Long-term liabilities 77,500 75,000Sales 1,640,000 Cost of goods sold 982,500 Interest expense 10,000 Income tax expense 77,500 Net income 127,500 Cash flow from operations 71,000 Cash flow from investing activities (6,000) Cash flow from financing activities (62,500) Tax rate 30 %The long-term debt to assets for 20X2 is (rounded):Multiple Choicea. 43.4%b. 10.2%c. 40.0%d. 9.4%
The long-term debt-to-assets ratio for 20X2 is d) 9.4%.
What is the debt-to-assets ratio?The long-term debt-to-total-assets ratio is the percentage of the assets of the business owned by its long-term creditors.
The debt-to-total assets ratio measures the company's debt capacity in relation to the percentage contributed by shareholders to the assets.
It is one of the financial leverage ratios.
Phoenix Corporation:
Balance Sheet 20X2 20X1
Accounts receivable $ 267,500 $ 230,000
Inventory 312,500 257,500
Total current assets 670,000 565,000
Intangible assets 50,000 60,000
Total assets 825,000 695,000
Current liabilities 252,500 200,000
Long-term liabilities 77,500 75,000
Income Statement:Sales 1,640,000
Cost of goods sold 982,500
Interest expense 10,000
Income tax expense 77,500
Net income 127,500
Statement of Cash Flows:Cash flow from operations 71,000
Cash flow from investing activities (6,000)
Cash flow from financing activities (62,500)
Tax rate = 30%
20X2:
Long-term debt = $77,500
Total assets = $825,000
Long-term debt-to-assets ratio = 9.4% ($77,500/$825,000 x 100)
Thus, based on the long-term debt-to-assets ratio, we can conclude that long-term creditors contributed 9.4% to the assets of Phoenix Corporation in 20X2.
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a researcher studying small town religiosity in the united states randomly selected 10 states. from these states, he randomly selected one tenth of all counties. from these counties, he randomly selected one tenth of cities with populations smaller than 10,000. from these towns, he obtained lists of all houses of worship and randomly selected three. from these, he selected ten practitioners to be interviewed. in this example, states and counties are examples of _____.
In this example, states and counties are examples of CLUSTERS.
WHAT IS CLUSTER SAMPLING?Researchers divide a population into clusters, or discrete groupings, during cluster sampling. To create a sample, they then randomly choose individuals from these clusters.
Large populations, especially those that are widely geographically distributed, are frequently studied using cluster sampling, a probability sampling technique. The pre-existing units that researchers typically utilize as their clusters are cities or schools.
The benefits of cluster sampling:
1.It is the most cost- and time-effective probability design for broad geographic areas.
2.From a practical standpoint, this strategy is simple to apply.
3.Due to the improved accessibility of prospective sample group members, a larger sample size can be utilized.
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If the number of skilled workers to frame houses in a particular city has declined in the last few months, that factor would
A) none of these.
B) more likely affect the demand for housing.
C) more likely affect the supply of housing.
D) not affect supply or demand.
If the number of skilled workers to frame houses in a particular city has declined in the last few months, that factor would more likely affect the supply of housing.
Does the lack of investment permanence affect a community's ability to develop?Yes, a lack of infrastructure that is designed for the future discourages investors from funding developments.
Which of the following influences real estate supply?Labor and material availability, governmental regulations, and community attitudes toward development are all factors that affect the supply of real estate. Interest rates, buyer demographics, and consumer financial health are among factors that affect demand.
What use does a property's location serve in preventing financing?Redlining is the practice of withholding a loan for housing in a particular neighborhood from a creditworthy applicant, even though the person may otherwise be qualified for the loan.
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The two most basic policies associated with employment stability are: *
1 poin
employment for life and guaranteed minimum wage.
full-time and part-time.
incentive plans and piece-rate plans.
follow demand exactly and hold employment constant.
job enrichment and job enlargement.
The two most basic policies associated with employment stability are follow demand exactly and hold employment constant. Option D is correct.
What is Employment Stability?Employment stability is the length of time an employee works at their current position without being let go. In order to encourage a sense of employment stability, companies must take action.
Five Strategies for Finding More Employment Stability:
Focus on what is effective. Learn to keep work and life separate.Join the journeys together.At the very least, fix the technical issues.Pay attention to the inner voice.However Companies may improve retention, attract top talent (word spreads when employees know that their employment is stable), and foster a productive workplace atmosphere by offering consistent, stable positions to workers.
Thus Option D is correct.
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Ducto is a small company in Aurora, CO that makes duct-tape wallets. Ducti discovered that there is a large demand for these type of wallets and has, in fact, decided to expand its product line to include bags as well. Clearly, some consumers have a favorable evaluation of Ducti products. To have a favorable evaluation, the first step for consumers is
To have a favorable evaluation, the first step for consumers is to experience problem recognition
Problem recognition is an important first step in the process of evaluating commodities as a consumer. It occurs when a consumer realizes they have a need or desire that is not met by their current products. This realization can trigger the consumer to evaluate potential solutions to their problem or need.
Problem recognition can be influenced by a variety of factors, such as personal experiences, advertising, recommendations, and changes in one's circumstances or environment. Once a problem has been recognized, the consumer may begin to search for information and evaluate potential solutions to determine which one best meets their needs and preferences. In the given case, since there was a large demand for wallets, then only Ducti decided to expand its product line.
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The most accurate way to assess training effectiveness is to conduct pretests and posttest and then train all the employees, true or false?
True, Conducting pretests and posttests before teaching all of the staff is the most precise technique to gauge the effectiveness of the training.
How would you define effectiveness?Productivity is the capability to attain the obvious result or result. The quality of usefulness is the ability to achieve the desired goal projected result or leave a significant, long-lasting impression.
What does business effectiveness mean?Being effective requires focused upon that "right" things that help business goals and give economic value.. Few teams today are successful in linking their present job to more general organizational goals the most precise technique to gauge the effectiveness of the training.
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an increase in the price of oil is also a signal to oil suppliers to invest more in exploration, to search for alternatives, and to increase recycling.
This assertion is accurate. A rise in oil prices also encourages oil producers to spend more on exploration, look for alternatives, and boost recycling.
What kind of inflation does an increase in oil prices bring about?Supply shocks that impede production, like natural disasters, or drive up production costs, like high oil prices, can limit overall supply and cause "cost-push" inflation, in which the cause of price increases is a disruption in supply.
The ecology benefits from high oil costs, right?One way or another, the negative impact of high gas, oil, and coal costs on consumers is positive for the environment since it reduces the demand for fossil fuels. On the other hand, because they promote supply, the effects of high prices on producers are harmful to the environment.
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As a provider of funds to a corporation, owning which of the following corporate securities will give you the most control rights?
A. short-term bank loan
B. long-term bond
C. preferred stock
D. common stock.... Common stock usually allows voting rights which could be used to exercise control over a firm.
As a provider of funds to a corporation, owning which of the following corporate securities will give you the most control rights is B. long-term bond.
What is corporation?A corporation serves as the business entity which is been owned by the shareholder(s), who elect a board of directors to oversee the organization's activities however the corporation is liable for the actions as ell as finances of the business however the shareholders are not.
It should be noted that the Long-term bonds serves as opne that term to maturity of between 10 years and 30 years however these kind of bonds generally pay a higher interest rate compare to theshort-term and intermediate bonds and in thiscase the Bond issuers can pay higher interest rate for the bonds in exchange .
Therefore, option B is correct.
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which of the following is a source of gaining wealth whereby corporate raiders either push companies to change their corporate strategy to one that will benefit stockholders, or charge a premium for stock when the company wants to buy it back? a stock option greenmail self-dealing on-the-job consumption risk capital
The statement that is a source of gaining wealth whereby corporate raiders either push companies to change their corporate strategy to one that will benefit stockholders, or charge a premium for stock when the company wants to buy it back is: B. Greenmail.
What is Greenmail?Greenmail can be defined as the way of buying more shares or additional shares from a company so as to make it look like another company what to takeover which inturn will enables the company to rebuy or repurchase the same shares as a premium because of the fear of been taking over.
Some investors tend to engage in this act buy trying to threaten a company with what is called hostile takeover.
Greenmail is a source of generating wealth based on the fact that corporate raiders will tend to push companies to change their corporate techniques to the one that will be of benefit to stockholders.
Therefore we can conclude that the correct option is B.
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1.A casual dining chain has experienced over 100 cases of food poisoning in several U.S. cities. The parent company of the chain immediately acknowledged the situation and relayed information about its ongoing investigation. The spokespeople stressed that "our primary concern is always the health and safety of our customers." At this point, the scenario would most likely be considered a(n) __________ issue.
Multiple Choice
• an advertorial
• public relations
• event marketing
• network marketing
• indirect advertising
As the spokespeople stressed that "their primary concern is always the health and safety of our customers." At this point, the scenario would most likely be considered a public relations issue. The Option B is correct.
What is public relations in marketing?In marketing, public relations means set of techniques and strategies related to managing how information about an individual or company is disseminated to the public and most especially the media. The primary goals of public relations are to disseminate important company news or events, maintain a brand image and put a positive spin on negative events to minimize their fallout.
A company public relations may occur in the form of press release, news conference, interviews , social media posting etc. Every entity operating in the public eye faces spread of information about them or their practices to the public.
In conclusion, as public relations is an industry unto itself, any attempt to portray oneself in a certain way to others can be considered a form of public relations.
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As a component of the capitalization of future earnings or cash flows method, the future earnings or cash flows as estimated by the valuation analyst:O exclude any compensation to the owner(s) of the business O exclude any income or expense items generated from non-operating assets and liabilitiesO are based only on the historical results of operations in the fiscal year O closest to the valuation date are always calculated on an after-tax basis
The future earnings or cash flows as estimated by the valuation analyst must exclude any compensation to the owner(s) of the business, any income or expense items generated from non-operating assets and liabilities, and any extraordinary items such as one-time gains or losses. The future earnings or cash flows should be based only on the historical results of operations in the fiscal year closest to the valuation date.
It is a method of business valuation that is based on the expected future earnings or cash flows of the business. This method is used calculate the current value on based of estimation of the business by capitalizing the future earnings or cash flows at a discount rate that is appropriate to the level of risk associated with the business.
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Partners active in a partnership business should have their share of partnership profits based on the followinga. Percentage of net income after salaries are paid to inactive partnersb. A combination of salaries plus interest based on average capital balances.c. A combination of salaries and percentage of net income after salaries and any other allocation basis.d. Salaries only
Partners active in a partnership business should have their share of partnership profits based on the following: c. A combination of salaries and percentage of net income after salaries and any other allocation basis.
A partnership is an association where parties, referred to as enterprise companions, comply with cooperation to increase their mutual interests. The partners in a partnership can be people, groups, interest-based corporations, schools, governments, or combos.
A partnership is a relationship between or more people to do trade or business. everybody contributes money, property, labor, or talent, and shares the earnings and losses of the commercial enterprise. publication 541, Partnerships, has statistics on the way to shape a partnership.
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Vertical Analysis of Income Statement
For 20Y2, Fielder Industries Inc. initiated a sales promotion campaign that included the expenditure of an additional $40,000 for advertising. At the end of the
year, Leif Grando, the president, is presented with the following condensed comparative income statement:
3. PR.14-05B
Fielder Industries Inc.
Comparative Income Statement
For the Years Ended December 31, 20Y2 and 20Y1
20Y2 20Y1
Sales $1,300,000 $1,180,000
Cost of goods sold 682,500 613,600
Gross profit $617,500 $566,400
Selling expenses $260,000 $188,800
Administrative expenses 169,000 177,000
Total operating expenses $429,000 $365,800
Income from operations $188,500 $200,600
Other income 78,000 70,800
Income before income tax $266,500 $271,400
Income tax expense 117,000 106,200
Net income $149,500 $165,200
Required:
1. Prepare a comparative income statement for the two-year period, presenting an analysis of each item in relationship to sales for each of the years. Round to
one decimal place. Enter all amounts as positive numbers.
Fielder Industries Inc.
Comparative Income Statement
For the Years Ended December 31, 20Y2 and 20Y1
20Y2 Amount 20Y2 Percent 20Y1 Amount 20Y1 Percent
Sales $1,300,000 % $1,180,000 %
Cost of goods sold 682,500 % 613,600 %
Gross profit $617,500 % $566,400 %
Selling expenses 260,000 % 188,800 %
Administrative expenses 169,000 % 177,000 %
Total operating expenses $429,000 % $365,800 %
Income from operations $188,500 % $200,600 %
Other income 78,000 % 70,800 %
Income before income tax $266,500 % $271,400 %
Income tax expense 117,000 % 106,200 %
Net income $149,500 % $165,200 %
2. The net income as a percent of sales has
. All the costs and expenses, other than selling expenses, have maintained their approximate cost as a percent of sales relationship between 20Y1 and 20Y2.
Selling expenses as a percent of sales, however, have . Apparently, the new advertising campaign been successful.
The increased expense produced sufficient sales to maintain relative profitability. Thus, selling expenses as a percent of sales have
As a percentage of sales, net income has fallen. Other than selling charges, all costs and expenses between 20Y1 and 20Y2 remained roughly the same as a percentage of sales.
Give a brief account on income statement.One of a firm's financial statements, an income statement displays the sales and expenses the company incurred within a specific time period. Managers and investors can determine whether a company made money during the reporting period by looking at the income statement.
Charitable organizations are not required to prepare an income statement but are instead required to disclose financial statements. Instead, they produce a comparable statement that contrasts funding sources with program costs, overhead costs, and other operating commitments. The declaration of actions is another name for this sentence. The donor constraints on the funds received and spend are used to further categorize revenues and expenses in the statement of activities.
To solve the question.
1. Comparative Income Statement and working note are attached below.
2. As a percentage of sales, net income has fallen. Other than selling charges, all costs and expenses between 20Y1 and 20Y2 remained roughly the same as a percentage of sales.
However, the percentage of selling expenses to sales has gone up. It appears that the new marketing initiative has been successful.
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12. if an asset-price bubble begins to form, assuming the central bank responds, how is it likely to respond, and what will be the effect on the mp curve? mishkin, frederic s. economics of money, banking and financial markets, the (what's new in economics) (p. 512). pearson education. kindle edition.
Raising interest rates is the appropriate response to developing equity or real estate price bubbles.
Although it is never popular, officials must do this if they are to fulfil their responsibility of stabilising the financial and economic system. The culprits behind some of the most disastrous recessions in history are asset price bubbles. Asset bubbles that were followed by severe economic downturns include the stock market bubble of the 1920s, the dot-com boom of the 1990s, and the real estate bubble of the 2000s.
When an asset bubble explodes, it can be extremely disastrous for people and firms who invested too late. Asset price bubbles are comparable to Ponzi or pyramid schemes in this way. When asset bubbles burst, investors' net worth is destroyed, and exposed enterprises fail, potentially igniting a chain reaction of debt deflation and financial panic that can spread to other areas of the economy and produce the recessionary phase of higher unemployment and decreased output.
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omega inc. is a company that manufactures automobile parts. the goods produced are standardized, and they are produced in large volumes to avoid stock-outs. the company uses highly specialized machinery for production. in the given scenario, omega inc. most likely uses a . a. combined layout
Omega Inc. is a company that manufactures auto parts. The organization uses very advanced machinery for manufacturing. In the scenario, Omega Inc. probably uses a product layout.
Which of the four types of layouts are they?Four basic layout kinds are process, product, hybrid, and fixed position layouts. In this section, we study the fundamental characteristics of each of these categories. The details of how some of the major types were developed are then examined.
Definitions of product layout and process layout is?A product layout is a type of layout design where the components needed to create the product are arranged in a single line in the proper sequence.
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A newly issued bond has a maturity of 10 years and pays a 7% coupon rate (with coupon payments coming once annually). The bond sells at par value. (i) What are the convexity and the duration of the bond? (ii) Find the actual price of the bond assuming that its yield to maturity immediately increase from 7% to 8% (with maturity still 10 years). (iii) What price would be predicted by the duration rule? What is the percentage error of that rule? (iv) What price would be predicted by the duration-with-convexity rule? What is the percentage error of that rule?
A recently issued bond has a 10 year maturity and a 7% coupon rate. Gain expected is equal to (12.30*0.01) plus (0.5*272.9*(0.012)), which equals 13.66%.
What traits distinguish a mature person?Age has no influence on maturity; maturity is decided by how you choose to act and respond to various life experiences.
Price of zero coupon bond at 8%=(1000/(1.08^13.05))=366.29
Price of zero coupon bond at 9%=(1000/(1.09^13.05))=324.78
Price of 6% coupon bond 8%= (60*((1-(1.08^-13.05))/0.08)+(1000/(1.08^13.05))=841.57
Price of 6% coupon bond 9%=(60*((1-(1.09^-13.05))/0.09)+(1000/(1.09^13.05))=774.93
Zero coupon bond
Actual loss =(324.78 - 366.29)/366.29=11.33%
Predicted loss =((-12.08*0.01))+(0.5*157.20*(0.01^2))=11.29%
Price of 6% coupon bond
Actual loss =(774.93-841.57)/841.57=7.92%
Predicted loss = (-12.30*0.01)+(0.5*272.9*(0.01^2))=10.94%
Part B
Price of zero coupon bond at 8%=(1000/(1.08^13.05))=366.29
Price of zero coupon bond at 7%=(1000/(1.07^13.05))=413.56
Price of 6% coupon bond at 8%= (60*((1-(1.08^-13.05))/0.08)+(1000/(1.08^13.05))=841.57
Price of 6% coupon bond at 7%=(60*((1-(1.07^-13.05))/0.07)+(1000/(1.07^13.05))=916.22
Zero coupon bond
Actual gain =(413.56 - 366.29)/366.29=12.91%
Predicted gain =((12.08*0.01))+(0.5*157.20*(0.01^2))=12.87%
Price of 6% coupon bond
Actual gain =(916.22-841.57)/841.57=8.87%
Predicted gain = (12.30*0.01)+(0.5*272.9*(0.01^2))=13.66%
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Fredo is an ethically challenged attorney. While he was in law school, he was investigated for allegedly cheating a few times, but managed to graduate because nothing was ever proven. After obtaining his law license, Fredo's practices continued to be ethically questionable. He often used tacles that challenged the limits of professional responsibility. One of Fredo's clients was an older gentleman, Vieta 96 year-old multi- millionaire real estate investor. Viet was dealing with legal issues involving a complicated divorce related to his extramarital relationship with a local real estate developer, Staria. Viet had been experiencing considerable physical and mental health challenges for the past four years, and he heavily relied on Fredo to manage his personal affairs and provide business advice Viet was deeply in love with Starla, but also passionately committed to ensuring the continued success of the family business on which his four children and eight grandchildren depended. Fredo told Viet that he could arrange matters so that Viet could happily live out his final years in the Caribbean with Start Butto for this to happen, Viet would have to pay a large legal fee to Fredo, and 2name Fredo as a major beneficiary in Viet's will; and (3) give Fredo power of attorney over all of Vier's assets, including his ownership shares in the business Viet agreed to Fredo's demands. He gave Fredo power of attorney and changed his will so that upon his death, Fredo would receive half of Viers estate. The other half went to Start Viet also paid the unusually large legal fee. At that point, Fredo agreed to proceed with negotiations in Vier's divorce. Shortly after the divorce, Viet had a severe heart attack and immediately died. QUESTION Which of the following is true regarding Fredo's dealing with Viet? o Fredo has unduly influenced Viet. o Fredo has committed fraudulent misrepresentation and caused Viet to experience duress o Fredo tres caused Viet to experience duress. o Fredo tios caused Viet to experience duress and unduly intuenced Viet o Fredo has not committed any wrongdoing, unless it can be proven that Viet locked mental capacity during his transactions with Fredo: In that case, Fredo nas caused Viet to experience duress.
Note that in the above case study, it is correct to state that ""Fredo has unduly influenced Viet and caused Viet to experience duress." Hence, his acts can be termed as highly unethical.
What is undue influence in law?A contract is said to be induced by "undue influence" when the parties' relations are such that one of the parties is in a position to dominate the will of the other and exploits that position to gain an unfair advantage over the other.
Undue influence is illegal. However, it is a hard issue with few convictions. However, excessive influence is a form of constructive fraud.
Thus, besides crossing the boundaries of professional limits, Fredo can be charged for fraud in the above case.
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