Exposure Status Cases Controls Yes 11 108 No 5 436 Total 16 544 Calculate the odds ratio. What do you conclude based upon your results

Answer:

[tex]Ratio = 8.8[/tex]

The exposure may be risk factor.

Explanation:

Given

[tex]\begin{array}{ccc}{Exposure\ Status} & {Cases} & {Control} & {Yes} & {11} & {108} & {No} & {5} & {436} & {Total} & {16} & {544} \ \end{array}[/tex]

Required

The odd ratio

First, we calculate the odds of exposure using:

[tex]Odds = \frac{With\ Exposure(Yes)}{Without\ Exposure (No)}[/tex]

For cases, we have:

[tex]Odds_{Cases} = \frac{11}{5}[/tex]

[tex]Odds_{Cases} = 2.20[/tex]

For controls, we have:

[tex]Odds_{Controls} = \frac{108}{436}[/tex]

[tex]Odds_{Controls} = 0.25[/tex]

So, the odds' ratio is:

[tex]Ratio = \frac{Odds_{Cases}}{Odds_{Controls}}[/tex]

[tex]Ratio = \frac{2.20}{0.25}[/tex]

[tex]Ratio = 8.8[/tex]

Conclusion about the odds' ratio

The calculated ratio is greater than (and also far from) 1.

This implies that there is a greater exposure than the controls.

So, we can conclude that the exposure may be risk factor.

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John is a 35-year-old male (he/him) administrative assistant who enjoys playing baseball on weekends. During one of their games, John began running from first to second base. As he pushed off to start running, John heard a pop and felt a sharp pain in his right calf as though he had just been kicked in the back of his leg. John fell to the ground and experienced significant pain when putting weight on his right leg. John tried to walk but had to be carried off the field and was taken to the emergency department. At the hospital, it was noted that John had significant swelling at the back of his right leg, had a palpable and visible deformity in the distal calf, and was only able to put small amounts of weight on his right leg. The emergency doctor squeezed the back of John’s right calf and noticed that the ankle would not plantarflex. An x-ray and blood work were ordered which came back without any significant findings.”


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b) Explain the effects of your management plan for your patient's condition. From the management plan you've proposed, what effects will each treatment have on the patient's anatomy? Include any positive and negative effects this plan may have on the patient.

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