For the metal complex [Ni(en)(Cl)2(NH3)2]n+. , the correct metal complex D8 [Mi (en) (cl)₂ (NHM)₂]n+
Ni is d⁸ complex
so, Ni⁺²
(i) Hence oxidation State of He is +2
(ii) [Ni(en) (cl₂) (NH3)₂]n+
en, NH3 is a neutral ligand and Ni has a +2 charge
The change of cl = -1
+2+0 + -1x2+0 = n+
= +2-2 = n
= n = 0
so, n = 0 is also right
(iii) Coordination number of
[Ni(en)(cl)₂(NH3)]n+is 6
Option (iii) an incorrect because en is a bidentate ligand so the coordination number is 6.
A bidentate ligand is a Lewis base that donates two pairs of electrons to a metal atom. Bidentate ligands are often called chelating ligands because they can grip a metal atom at two sites. Bidentate ligands have two donor atoms and can bind to the central metal atom or ion at two sites. If a ligand has two groups or atoms that can bond to the central metal atom, it is said to be bidentate.
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Each sketch below shows a flask with some gas and a pool of mercury in it. The gas is at a pressure of 1 atm. A J-shaped tube is connected to the bottom of the flask, and the mercury can freely flow in or out of this tube. (You can assume that there is so much more mercury in the pool than can fit into the tube that even if the J-tube is completely filled, the level of mercury in the pool won't change.) Notice also that in the left sketch the J-tube is open at its other end, so that air from the atmosphere can freely flow. On the other hand, in the right sketch the J-tube is closed at its other end, and you should assume there is no gas between the mercury and the closed end of the tube To answer this question, you must decide what the mercury level will be when the mercury finally stops flowing in or out of the tube. By moving the sliders back and forth, you'll see different levels of mercury in the J-tube.
The mercury level will be when the mercury finally stops flowing in or out of the tube. By moving the sliders back and forth, you'll see different levels of mercury in the J-tube at 1,5 m and 2.26 m respectively.
Open Tube:
Gravity: 1.5 m
PBulb: 1 atm 760 mmHg 1 atm | = 760 mmHg = 0.760 mHg
PEX:-1 atm (760 mmHg) 1 atm =-760 mmHg = -0.760 mHg
Total Rise: 1.5 m + 0.760 m + -0.760 m = 1.5 m.
Close Tube:
Gravity: 1.5 m
PBulb: 1 atm (760 mmHg 1 atm | = 760 mmHg = 0.760 mHg
Total Rise: 1.5 m + 0.760 m = 2.26 m.
The Earth's atmosphere is a layer of gas, collectively known as air, held by the Earth's gravity that surrounds the planet and forms the planet's atmosphere. Not only does it contain the oxygen we need for life, it also protects us from the sun's harmful UV rays.
Liquid water cannot exist on the surface of the earth without pressure. And it warms our planet, keeping it at a habitable temperature for our living planet. The atmosphere is the layer of gas that envelops the planet and is held in place by the gravity of the planetary body.
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What is the number of atoms in a mole of any element? (3 points)
Avogadro's number
Graham's number
Its atomic number
Its mass number
Answer:
Avogadro's number
Explanation:
The preparations of two aqueous solutions are described in the table below. For each solution, write the chemical formulas of the major species present at equilibrium. You can leave out water itself Write the chemical formulas of the species that will act as acids in the 'acids' row, the formulas of the species that will act as bases in the 'bases' row, and the formulas of the species that will act as neither acids nor bases in the 'other' row You will find it useful to keep in mind that NH3 is a weak base. acids ,口, 1.3 mol of HNO3 is added to 1.0 L of a 1.3 MNH, solution bases: other acids: bases: - 0.57 mol of KOH is added to 1.0 L of a solution that is 1.2 M in both NH3 and NH4CI. other:
a) NaFi is formed when 1 mol of NaOH is oriented to 1.0 L of a 0.5 M HF mixture.
b) To 1.0 L of a solution that is 0.8 M in both HF & KF-producing KF, 0.3 mol of KOH is added.
An acid generates the hydronium ions H3O+ in an aqueous solution, whereas a base creates the hydroxide ions OH. Water and salt are the byproducts of the neutralization process that occurs when an acid and a base interact.
A) 1 mol of NaOH is counted to 1.0 L of a 0.5 M HF resolution.
The reaction involved in this is:
NaOH + HF → NaF + H2O
acid: HF
base: NaOH
species that neither creates an acid and neither a base nor a salt NaF
b) To 1.0 L of a mixture that seems to be 0.8 M in both HF as well as KF, 0.3 mol of KOH is added.
The reaction involved in this is:
KOH + HF → KF + H2O
acid: HF
base: KOH
the mixture that could be neither an acid nor a base or salt delivered: KF
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The question is -
The preparations of two aqueous solutions are described below. For each solution, write the chemical formulas of the major species present at equilibrium. You can leave out water itself.
For each of the questions, write the chemical formulas of the species that will act as acids, the formulas of the species that will act as bases, and the formulas of the species that will act as neither acids nor bases. Note that HF is a weak acid.
A) 1 mol of NaOH is added to 1.0 L of a 0.5 M HF solution.
B) 0.3 mol of KOH is added to 1.0 L of a solution that is 0.8 M in both HF and KF.
An organism with the genotype of AaXx can produce gametes containing _________ if the two genes are unlinked.
a. either Aa or Xx
b. either AX, Ax, aX, ax
c. AaXx
d. AX or ax
e. None of the above.
An organism with the genotype of AaXx can produce gametes containing either AX, Ax, aX, ax if the two genes are unlinked .
An organism's genotype is the complete set of its genetic material. [1] Genotype can also be used to refer to the alleles or variants that an individual has at a particular gene or locus. The number of alleles an individual can have for a particular gene depends on the number of copies of each chromosome (also called polyploidy) found in that species. Diploid species like humans have two complete sets of chromosomes. This means that each individual has her two alleles for a particular gene. If both alleles are the same, the genotype is said to be homozygous. If the alleles are different, the genotype is called heterozygous.
Genotypes contribute to the phenotype, observable traits and characteristics of an individual or organism. The extent to which genotype influences phenotype depends on the trait.
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What is the formula for cobalt (III) oxide?
Co3O2
Co2O3
Co3O
CoO3
Answer:Co2O3
Explanation:
look it up
Answer:
Co2O3
Explanation:
when you write any formula you apply the criss-cross method where you write the charges of each substance
Co3 and O2
applying the criss-cross method( you switch the charges number, in this case you switch the 2 and the 3) :-
Co2 and O3
so Co2O3
using curved arrow notation, write lewis acid/base equations for each of the following. remember to place formal charge on the appropriate atoms. a. aici3- b. phyp: bf3 bh3
AlCl 3 is Lewis base,PH3 is Lewis base,BH3 is Lewis acid ,BF3 is Lewis acid.
The crucial step is AlCl 3 accepting a chloride ion lone-pair to generate AlCl 4 and the highly acidic, or electrophilic, carbonium ion. Lewis bases: RCl +AlCl 3 → R + + AlCl 4−, etc. [ edit] The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of an atomic or molecular species that is strongly localised is known as a Lewis base.Lewis acid borane (BH3) has three hydrogen atoms and one boron atom in its molecule. The Lewis structure of borane features a single connection connecting each hydrogen atom to boron (BH3). Only three bonds surround the boron atom, and there are no lone pairs on the atom itself. We will learn how to draw the BH3 Lewis structure in this lesson.Only six electrons orbit the boron atom, according the Lewis structure of BF3. As a result, the boron atom's octal is incomplete. Borane BF3 is therefore regarded as a Lewis acid.A highly poisonous gaseous chemical is phosphorus. Three sigma bonds and one lone pair are present around the phosphorus atom in the Lewis structure of phosphine (PH3). Hydrogen and phosphorous atoms have no charges. The trigonal pyramidal shape of PH3 is a fundamental shape.
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i can not figure out this question to save my life
Specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature by one degree Celsius of one gram of a substance. Therefore, the total enthalpy of the given reaction is -781.44KJ.
What is Enthalpy?Enthalpy term is basically used in thermodynamics to show the overall energy that a matter have. Mathematically, Enthalpy is directly proportional to specific heat capacity of a substances.
Mathematically,
q = n ×ΔH
where
q = amount of heat
n = no of moles
ΔH = enthalpy
n = w / M.M
w = given mass
M.M = molar mass
4CH[tex]_3[/tex]NH[tex]_2[/tex]+2H[tex]_2[/tex]O[tex]\rightarrow[/tex]3CH[tex]_4[/tex]+CO[tex]_2[/tex]+4NH[tex]_3[/tex] ΔH=-138.8KJ
number of moles of methyl amine=175/31.06
=5.63moles
enthalpy for reaction of one mole of methyl amine=-138.8KJ
enthalpy for reaction of 5.63 mole of methyl amine=-138.8KJ×5.63
=-781.44KJ
Therefore, the total enthalpy of the given reaction is -781.44KJ.
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Combustion of 31.68 g of a compound containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen produces 36.67 g CO2 and 15.01 gH2O. What is the empirical formula of the compound?
Combustion of 31.68 g of a compound containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen produces 36.67 g CO₂ and 15.01 g H₂O. the empirical formula of the compound is CH₂O.
given that :
mass of CO₂ = 36.67 g
mass of H₂O = 15.01 g
total mass of compound = 31.68 g
moles of CO₂ = 36.67 / 44
= 0.833 mol
moles of C = 0.833 mol
moles of H₂O = 15.01 / 18
= 0.833 mol
moles of H = 2(0.833)
= 1.667 mol
mass of carbon = 0.833 × 12
= 10 g
mass of hydrogen = 1.667 × 1
= 1.667 g
mass of oxygen = 31.68 - ( 10 + 1.67 )
= 20 g
moles of Oxygen = 20 / 16
= 1.25 mol
dividing by the smallest one :
C = 0.833 / 0.833 = 1
H = 2
O = 1
The empirical formula is CH₂O.
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It is not necessary for velocity measurements to be made in units of concentration per time (M.5-?, for example) in order to calculate Km because the Km is a concentration (the concentration when the velocity equals the velocity divided by two. Question 18 Enzyme A catalyzes the reaction S + P and has a KM of 50 MM and a Vmax of 100 nM.5-1. Enzyme B catalyzes the reaction S → and has a km of 5 mM and a Vmax of 120 nM s 1. When 100 M of S is added to a mixture containing equivalent amounts of enzymes A and B, after 1 minute will be more abundant because . Because is has a much for the two for the substrate than enzymes, the relative efficiency of the enzymes depends almost entirely on their values.
Velocity can be measured using whatever comfortable unit of transition per unit of time. KM is a substrate concentration by meaning (the concentration when vo = Vmax/2), so its valuation doesn't really represent how well the velocity is measured.
The metre per second (m/s) is the basic measure of velocity magnitude (also referred as speed). Alternatively, velocity magnitude could be given in centimetres per second (cm/s). The orientation of a velocity vector can be expressed in different ways, according to the number of variables involved. The Michaelis constant (KM) is defined as the quantity of substrate at which the reaction rate is half of its maximum (or in other words it defines the substrate concentration at which half of the active sites are occupied).
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the hydrogen generated in this lab was a product of the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid. which of the reactants is the limiting reactant?
a.) magnesium
b.) hydrochloric acid.
Suppose that when you inverted the eudiometer, a bubble of air became trapped inside it. Would this make your experimental value of R larger, smaller, or have no effect?
a.) larger
b.) smaller
c.)no effect
The limiting reagent in this reaction is HCl.
Supply and the stoichiometric equation are used to identify the limiting reactant of these reactants. So, both reactants are able to act as limited reagents according to these conditions.
They limit how far reactions can go in terms of producing products because they are reactants with a finite supply.
Hydrogen gas is created in the following manner in a reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid:
Mg + HCl ------------> MgCl₂ + H₂
HCl has two times the molecular weight of magnesium. As a result, no reactant will be limiting if both reactants are provided in the required proportion.
HCl will become limiting if the amount of moles supplied is not at least twice that of Mg. Furthermore, Mg will be limited if the amount supplied is not equal to half the amount HCl supplied.
Therefore, the limiting reagent in this reaction is HCl.
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Given the following Ka values, which of the following acids has the strongest conjugate base in water?
While weaker acids generate stronger conjugate base pairs, stronger acids have the opposite.A PO43- species is indeed the strongest base as a result.
How can the strongest conjugate basis be determined using Ka values?The strength of a acid increases with the acid's dissociation constant (Ka) value.Strong base of the an acidic solution is conjugate.It is clear from the provided value of Ka that because HCO3 is the weakest acid, its compound is also the strongest.
Which of the above acid's conjugate base Ka is the strongest?Oddly, HCl is the second strongest acid; keep in mind that it is a powerful acid as well.HClO is the least potent acid.ClO- is indeed the strongest compound as a result.
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place the following carboxylic acid derivatives in order of increasing reactivity toward nucleophiles, starting with the least reactive at the top of the list. EsterAcid chloide
AmideAcid anhydride
Acid Chloride, followed by Acid Anhydride, Acid Ester, and Acid Amide, is the sequence of reactivity for carboxylic acid derivatives. Acid amides are the least reactive, while acid chlorides are more so.
This is as a result of the leaving group's basicity order, which is as follows.
Acid Chloride, followed by Acid Anhydride,, Acid Ester, and Acid Amide, is the sequence of reactivity for carboxylic acid derivatives. Acid amides are the least reactive, while acid chlorides are more so. This is as a result of the leaving group's basicity order, which is as follows. Was this response useful? The following carboxylic acids should be arranged in decreasing order of reactivity. The carboxylic acid must first be activated before a nucleophilic substitution may take place. Acid chlorides can be transformed into amides, esters, or acid anhydrides. Because acid chlorides are the most reactive of the compounds, these reactions are feasible.
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Write the overall balanced cell reaction for the following voltaic cell Fe(s) | Fe2+ (aq) || Ag + (aq) | Ag(s) (Ctrl).
the overall balanced cell reaction for the following voltaic cell
Hg2Cl2(s) + Cu(s) ® 2Hg(l) + Cu2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq)
The cell reaction, also known as the total reaction, is the reaction that occurs within the cell as a whole and is expressed under the assumption that the right electrode is the cathode and that the spontaneous reaction is the one in which reduction takes place in the right-hand compartment.Galvanic, also known as Voltaic, and electrolytic cells are the two varieties of electrochemical cells. While electrolytic cells utilize non-spontaneous reactions and therefore need an external electron source, such as a DC battery or an AC power source, galvanic cells get their energy from spontaneous redox reactions.
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How am ion forms post assessment
Ions are created by the combination of ions with other particles or by the addition or removal of electrons from neutral atoms, molecules, or other ions.
What has to occur before an ion form?Atoms gain or lose electrons to produce ions. Since electrons have a negative charge, an atom will become positively charged if it loses one or more electrons and negatively charged if it obtains one or more.
How do ionic bonds develop?An ionic connection is created when specific electrons completely move from one atom to another. An atom loses one or more electrons, forming a negatively charged ion called a cation. An atom receives one or more electrons, resulting in the formation of an anion, or negatively charged ion.
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this method of acquiring mw differs from sec and gives dosy nmr many advantages over sec. as stated before, molecules of specific sizes produce indi-vidual diffusion coefficients. due to low sample con-centration, the purity of polymer is not as essential compared to sec; thus, reducing preparation time. dosy also requires minimum amounts of solvent
A well-known NMR technique called diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) provides diffusion coefficients for specific resonances in NMR spectra.
The main applications of DOSY are the analysis of small molecule mixtures and the oligomeric state of biomolecules. The spreading Self-Diffusion (SD)-NMR and diffusion ordered spectroscopy are two common names for the NMR technology (DOSY). This is accomplished by fusing magnetic field gradients, which encode spatial information, with radio-frequency pulses, which are commonly employed in NMR spectroscopy. Magnetic field gradients are used by Diffusion Ordered Spectroscopy (DOSY) to examine diffusion processes in both solid and liquid materials. Liquid structure is discovered using NMR spectroscopy. It is also used to figure out how soluble chemical molecules are structured.
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a chemistry graduate student is given of a chloroacetic acid solution. chloroacetic acid is a weak acid with . what mass of should the student dissolve in the solution to turn it into a buffer with ph ? you may assume that the volume of the solution doesn't change when the is dissolved in it. be sure your answer has a unit symbol, and round it to significant digits.
Choloracetic acid, 12 g. The colorless solution of the white crystalline substance known as chloroacetic acid.
Up to 80% of the solution can be acidic. By inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact, it is poisonous. It corrodes flesh and metals.
The equilibrium of the buffer is
CH2ClCO2 + H+ HCH2ClCO2
PKA = Log Ka
Ka: [CH2ClCO2] = 1,3 x 103. "H+" / "HCH2ClCO2"
Using the Henderson-Hasselbalch formula:
pH equals pka plus log10 [A]/[HA].
2,89 + log10 [A] / [HA] = 3,01
1,318 = [A⁻] / [HA]
Since chloroacetic acid (HA) has a molar concentration of 0,20M
[A⁻] = 0,26 mol/L
There are 500 mL plus 0.5 L.
Chloroacetic acid is equal to 0,26 mol/L x 0,5 l, or 0,13 moles. By weight:
Choloracetic acid is equal to 0,13 mol (94,5g / 1mol) = 12 g.
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a metal oxide with the formula m2o contains 11.18% oxygen by mass. in the box below, type the symbol for the element represented by m. [a]
Strontium, whose atomic symbol is Sr, is the metal that is present in the specified metal oxide.
The unit of measurement for substance is the mole. The term "mole" refers to the relationship between a substance's molar mass and its overall mass. It is defined as the molar mass (g/mol) of a material divided by the substance's mass in grams.
The following phrase can be used to determine the number of moles:
The supplied metal oxide MO has an oxygen content of 15.44%, which translates to 15.44 g of oxygen per 100 g of the metal oxide MO. According to the periodic table, strontium, which has a molar mass of roughly 87.7 g, is the metal present in 100 g of metal oxide (Sr). Therefore, strontium oxide is the metal oxide.
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use the reaction equilibria below to find the k value for the dissociation of the ammonium cation to ammonia and h .
K = [NH3][H+] / [NH4+], The concentrations of the products are not given, the K value cannot be calculated.
What is reaction equilibrium?
Reaction equilibrium is a state of chemical equilibrium in which a chemical reaction and its reverse reaction occur at equal rates. This means that the concentrations of all reactants and products remain constant over time. Equilibrium is reached when the forward and reverse reaction rates are equal and the concentrations of reactants and products are not changing.
NH4+ ⇌ NH3 + H+
The reaction equilibrium constant (K) is equal to the product of the concentrations of the products (NH3 and H+) divided by the concentration of the reactant (NH4+).
K = [NH3][H+] / [NH4+]
Since the concentrations of the products are not given, the K value cannot be calculated.
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Suppose the galvanic cell sketched below is powered by the following reaction: Fe(s)+NiCl2(aq) → FeCl2(aq)+Ni(s) E2 S1 S2 Write a balanced equation for the half-reaction that happens at the cathode of this cell. Write a balanced equation for the half-reaction that happens at the anode of this cell. Of what substance is E1 made? of what substance is E2 made? What are the chemical species in solution S1? What are the chemical species in solution S2?
The chemical species in solution S2 Fe(s)+NiCl2(aq) → FeCl2(aq)+Ni(s)
Fe(s) ------> [tex]Fe^{2+}[/tex] + 2e (Oxidation)
[tex]Ni^{2+}[/tex] (aq) + 2e ------> Ni(s) (Reduction)
Galvanic Cell
Galvanic cells employ the electrical energy generated by the transport of electrons during a redox reaction to carry out practical electrical work. By separating the oxidation and reduction half-reactions and connecting them with a wire so that the electrons must pass through the wire, it is possible to gather the electron flow.
Write a balanced equation for the half-reaction that happens at the cathode of this cell = Ni (aq) + 2e ------> Ni(s)
Write a balanced equation for the half-reaction that happens at the anode of this cell = Fe(s) ------> [tex]Fe^{2+}[/tex] + 2e.
Of what substance is E1 made? = Fe
of what substance is E2 made? = Ni
What are the chemical species in solution S1? = [tex]Fe^{2+}[/tex]
What are the chemical species in solution S2? = [tex]Ni^{2+}[/tex]
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FILL IN THE BLANK adam is trying to identify a solid. he places a small amount of the substance in an acid solution and observes whether or not a reaction takes place. this test is based on a_________ property.
Adam is trying to identify a solid. he places a small amount of the substance in an acid solution and observes whether or not a reaction takes place. this test is based on a chemical property.
A chemical property is the property of the substance that will be observed in a chemical reaction. the some of the examples of the chemical property is like toxicity , oxidation states, heat of combustion, enthalpy of formation, flammability, coordination number, reactivity, chemical bonds , the chemical stability etc.
Thus, the given test is based on the chemical property as he place the sample in the acid solution and observes the reaction is taking place or not.
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neutrons are useful particles for nuclear bombardment processes because they have charge and are not repelled by a target nucleus. positively charged particles must have sufficient kinetic to overcome repulsion if they are to be used in this way. this is achieved by using a particle .
Neutron is not attracted to the positively charged nucleus since it has no charge. As a result, a neutron can bombard a nucleus even if it is very weak.
As a result, a nuclear reaction can be started by even a very weak neutron bombarding a nucleus. Thus, in a nuclear reaction, a neutron is employed to bombard the nucleus. Neutrons have no charge, therefore they are neither drawn to nor repelled by atoms' nuclei and electrons. Neutron is therefore the best projectile. The connections holding the nucleus together contain enormous energy. These connections can be broken, which will release the nuclear energy. A high-energy neutron is used to start nuclear fission by bombarding a nucleus, which causes the release of further neutrons. The nucleus does not reject a neutron since it has no charge.
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when circuit town electronics sets its televisions at three price levels of $699, $899, and $1,099, it is most likely using .
When circuit town electronics sets its televisions at three price levels of $699, $899, and $1,099, it is most likely using product line pricing.
Product line pricing involves the separation of goods and services into cost categories in order to create various perceived quality levels in the minds of consumers. You might also hear product line pricing referred to as price lining, but they refer to the same practice.Selling a product at or below cost to lure customers in and drive other sales is an example of product-line pricing. A restaurant, for example, might offer a low-priced entrée with the purchase of a drink and dessert that have higher profit margins.A product line refers to a particular good or service that a company makes and markets to customers. A food company may extend a product line by adding various similar or related products (e.g., adding mesquite BBQ flavor to its existing potato chips line), and create a more diversified product family.Using product line pricing allows companies to target customers with low-end, mid-range and high-end budgets. By offering two, three or more product tiers, a company can reach a much larger range of customers. This grants companies the potential to attain more sales and greater brand recognition.
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which of the following concerning molecular geometry and dipole moments is correct? all molecules with polar bonds have a permanent dipole moment. all square planar molecules are nonpolar. all linear molecules are nonpolar. only molecules with polar bonds may have a permanent dipole moment. a molecule with nonpolar bonds could have a permanent dipole moment, depending on the molecular geometry.
Answer:
only molecules with polar bonds may have a permanent dipole moment.
Explanation:
Consider the titration of 100.0 mL of 0.59 M H3A by 0.59 M KOH for the next three questions. The triprotic acid has Ka1 = 1.0 x 10-3, Ka2 = 1.0 x 10-6, and an unknown value for Ka3.1) Calculate the pH after 100.0 mL of KOH has been added.2) Calculate the pH after 150.0 mL of KOH has been added.3) The pH of the solution after 200.0 mL of KOH has been added is 8.00. Determine the value of Ka3 for this triprotic acid. Use scientific notation to enter this answer, e.g., 1.0 x 10-3 = 1.0E-3.
Acid concentration: 0.49 M KOH concentration is 0.49 MKa1=1.0 x 104 eq. rm
a remedy for Take the example of titrating 100 mL of 0.100 M HOCl with 0.100 M KOH at 25 °C. HOCl has a Ka of 3.5 10-8. Calculate the pH after 0.0 mL of KOH in Part 1.
Consider titrating 0.115 M RbOH in a 25.0 mL sample with 0.100 M HCl. Figure out each quantity. The initial pH and the amount of acid that must be added to achieve the equivalence point are also factors. c. the pH after adding 5.0 mL of acid. pH at the equivalency point (d). e. the pH following the addition of 5.0 mL of acid over the equivalency point.
Think about titrating 100 mL of 0.59 M H 3 a 1-3 a2-6 a3. 1) Determine the pH following
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On a hot afternoon (311 K) a party balloon was filled with 2.07 L of helium. That evening the temperature dropped to 295 K. What is the
new volumen of the balloon?
Answer:
2.02 L
Explanation:
The volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature, according to the ideal gas law. This means that as the temperature of a gas decreases, its volume will also decrease.
To determine the new volume of the balloon as the temperature drops from 311 K to 295 K, we can use the ideal gas law to calculate the new volume of the gas:
PV = nRT
Where:
P = the pressure of the gas (assuming it remains constant)
V = the new volume of the gas
n = the number of moles of the gas (assuming it remains constant)
R = the universal gas constant
T = the new temperature of the gas
Since we know the pressure, number of moles, and universal gas constant, we can solve for the new volume of the gas by substituting in the known values and solving for V:
V = nRT / P
Substituting in the values from the problem, we get:
V = (n * R * 295 K) / P
Since the number of moles and the universal gas constant are constants, we can simplify the equation to:
V = k / P
Where k is a constant equal to the product of the number of moles, the universal gas constant, and the original temperature of the gas (in this case, k = n * R * 311 K).
Since we know the value of k and the pressure of the gas, we can solve for the new volume of the gas by substituting in the known values:
V = (k / P)
= (n * R * 311 K) / P
= (2.07 L * 8.31 L * atm / mol * K * 311 K) / P
= 2.02 L
Therefore, the new volume of the balloon is approximately 2.02 L.
Which of the following statements is true?The entropy of the universe:A. increases and tends towards maximum value
B. decreases and tends to be zero
C. remains constant
D. decreases and increases with a periodic rate
Among the given statements, A) The entropy of the universe increases and tends towards maximum value is TRUE.
Entropy is a metric for system disorder. The amount of energy that cannot be used for work is also referred to as entropy. Less of a system's energy is available to perform work the more disorganized it is and the higher its entropy.
The overall entropy of a system never decreases; according to the second law of thermodynamics, it always either rises or stays the same. It always tends towards maximum value. This law has a crucial implication: heat spontaneously transfers energy from higher- to lower-temperature objects, but never in the opposite direction. Entropy increases when heat is transferred from a hot environment to a cold environment.
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When some of the sugar added to iced tea remains undissolved at the bottom of the glass, the solution is Most studied answer a) dilute b) unsaturated c) saturated d) polar e) nonpolar
When some of the sugar added to iced tea remains undissolved at the bottom of the glass, the solution is Saturated.
Solution is saturated which means no more solute can be dissolved in the solvent at the given/present temperature and pressure conditions. To dissolve more sugar in the tea we need to increase the temperature of the tea so that the tea becomes unsaturated, for the given conditions also the solubility of the solids increases with the increase in the temperature, so more of the sugar can be dissolved if the temperature of the solvent is increased.
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Calculate the amount of heat needed to boil 120.g of acetic acid (HCH3CO2), beginning from a temperature of 16.7°C. Round your answer to 3 significant digits. Also, be sure your answer contains a unit symbol.
The energy required to bring 120 g of acetic acid (HCH3CO2) to a boil at a starting temperature of 16.7 °C is 72.2116 kJ.
Given that ;
mass of acetic acid = 120.0 g
initial temperatureT₁ = 16.7 °C = (16.7 + 273.15 ) K = 298.85 K
standard molar mass of acetic acid = 60.052 g/mol
The number of moles of acetic acid can therefore be calculated as follows: number of moles of acetic acid = mass of acetic acid/molar mass of acetic acid
number of moles of acetic acid = 120.0 g/ 60.052 g/mol
number of moles of acetic acid = 1.998 moles
For acetic acid:
standard boiling point T₂ = 118.1 °C = ( 118.1 + 273.15 ) K = 391.25 K
enthalpy of vaporization of acetic acid ΔH[tex]_{vap}[/tex] = 23.7 kJ/mol
heat capacity of acetic acid c = 2.043 J/g.K
change in temperature Δ T = T₂ - T₁
Δ T = (391.25 - 289.85)K
Δ T = 101.4 K
The heat required to raise the liquid acetic acid's temperature from 16.7°C to its boiling point is;
q = mcΔT
From our values above;
q = 120 g × 2.043 J/g.K × 101.4 K
q = 24859.2 J
q = 24859 /1000 kJ
q = 24.859 kJ
We already determined that we have 1.998 moles of acetic acid;
Thus;
the needed amount of heat = Δ[tex]_{vap}[/tex]*number of moles
The needed amount of heat = 47.3526 kJ
Hence;
The total amount of heat needed = 24.859 kJ + 47.3526 kJ
The total amount of heat needed = 72.2116 kJ
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most to least concentration in the troposphere: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ozone, and hydroxyl radical
The correct arrangement on the basis of most to least concentration in troposphere will be: Cardon dioxide > Ozone > Carbon mono oxide > Hydroxyl radical.
In this lowest layer, the air is the densest. In actuality, the troposphere makes about 75 percent of the total weight of the atmosphere. The two most common gases are nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%), with argon (.9%) and a trace amount of hydrogen ozone (a kind of oxygen) making up the remaining 1% of all gases. The troposphere's temperature and water vapor concentration drop sharply with altitude.
Carbon monoxide background levels across the world vary from 0.06 to [tex]0.14 mg/m^3[/tex] (0.05– 0.12 ppm).
About 3 billion metric tons of ozone are present in the atmosphere as a whole. Even while that may seem like a lot, the atmosphere only makes up 0.00006 percent of it.
The concentration of hydroxyl radical is the minimum.
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Find the volume, in mL, of an object whose density is 400 g/mL and has a mass of 600
mg.
The volume of the object is 1.5ml.
What is the volume of an object?This refers to the space occupied within the boundaries of an object in three-dimensional space. It is also called the capacity of the object.
In the question:
ρ = 400 g/mL
m = 600 mg
v = ?
Formular for calculating density ρ:
ρ = m/v
Where,
ρ= Density of the object
m= Mass of the object
v = volume of the object
Were are given the values of density and mass in the question. We are to calculate the volume.
Makinig v subject of the formular we have:
v = m/ρ
v = 600 mg
400 g/mL
v = 1.5ml
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