Consider a material for a vascular graft application with proteins adsorbed to its surface and a second material with proteins covalently attached to its surface. For which material would you expect the protein layer to be more stable under flow conditions similar to those found in a blood vessel? Why?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer is given below :

Explanation:

Individual-specific proteins are placed on the graft material so that the body does not recognize the graft as a foreign substance and treats it as a part of the body’s natural tissue structure. If the body recognizes the graft as a foreign substance, it produces an immune response against it and leads to a graft rejection reaction by the body. In order for these proteins to attach to grafts, a covalent bond for absorption must be preferred. Absorption is a reversible process and, if used, can lead to de-absorption of bound proteins, including blood, after dissolving by turbulence and pulling to the grafting material by blood flow (velocity up to 40 cm/sec). The remaining infectious tissue is detected foreignly, activating the immune response.  On the other hand, covalent bonding is irreversible in nature and vascular flow does not have a disruptive effect on the bond between the graft and the protein, reducing the stable state of the graft and the possibility of rejection.

Related Questions

PLEASE ANSWER QUICK!The Greek roots of the word prokaryote mean “before nucleus.” Describe the way that DNA is organized in prokaryotic cells without the help of a nucleus. How does this approach differ from the way that eukaryotic cells organizes their DNA

Answers

Answer:

Prokaryotic cells' DNA are located in the cytoplasm of the cell rather than in the nucleus, like in eukaryotic cells. DNA aids in protein synthesis and determines functions of the cell in cells, regardless of being within the membrane of a nucleus or not.

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I hope this helps a little.

The word prokaryote in Greek means before kernel (nucleus). Unlike the eukaryotic cells, the nuclear material is located in the cytoplasm of the cell in a nucleoid.

What are the characteristics of prokaryotic cells?

The prokaryotic cells are the primitive karyons that are defined by the lack of the true nucleus and organelles. Unlike the eukaryotes, the organelles lack the membrane that covers them but has a tough cell wall.

The prokaryotes include archaea and bacteria which are unicellular and microscopic organisms that are simple and have their genetic material organized into nucleoids in the center of the cell. They have the ability to live in harsh conditions.

Therefore, the eukaryotes and prokaryotes differ in the arrangement of the genetic material.

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5.Do the differentiated teeth of the dolphin have specialized functions like our teeth and most other mammals

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

Dolphins are homodont. This means that all their teeth are all equal. They do not differentiate between each other as the human´s teeth or other mammal´s teeth.

Dolphins have different feeding strategies according to the species. They might be suction feeders, or they might catch their prey using the jow and mandible occlusion strenth.

Dolphins that catch their prey by using their jow and mandible do not chew, so they use teeth mostly to catch their prey and manipulate them before swallowing them. This is why they do not need differentiated teeth. Because they just use them to catch and manipulate.

Those dolphin species that are suction feeders do not need teeth to catch their prey because they just suck them. Most of these species only have a few teeth, mostly in their jows. These teeth are used for fighting with other individuals. Inter- and intra-specific fights among animals of the same gender and age are very common. It is believed that as these species do not need teeth for catching their prey, they evolved loosing most of them but those needed during confrontations. This is the case of Grampus griseus, Risso´s Dolphin, that only have 5 to 7 teeth in their jows.

during what stage of swallowing is there a risk of food entering respiratory pathways

Answers

Gulping... I think this is the stage you are looking for

Hope this helped ♥︎

In prokaryotic cells, regulator proteins bind to a section of DNA called alan (1 point)
O repressor
o promoter
O chromatin.
o operon.

Answers

Answer:

promoter

Explanation:

Answer: Operon

Explanation:

Which statement correctly compares the "Analysis" and "Conclusion" sections of a lab report?

Answers

Answer:

Hello. You did not enter the answer options, but I can help you by stating that the correct comparison between "analyze" and "conclusion" is one that shows that "Analysis" is able to compare specific research data, while "conclusion" is able to suggest additional research to arrive at more concrete data.

Explanation:

In a scientific research, the "Analysis" section is where the specific research data and the interactions and information that can be extracted from them are analyzed, in a succinct and explanatory way. This section is very important to present how these data were acquired and how they work within the theme developed in the research.

The section called "conclusion", in turn, presents the section where the research will conclude the established theme, showing an affirmation discovered through the research or suggesting additional research that will help to establish an efficient conclusion.

The four principal types of stress are __________.

A. frustration, conflict, pressure, and anxiety
B. frustration, conflict, pressure, and change
C. anger, anxiety, depression, and annoyance
D. frustration, conflict, depression, and annoyance

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

frustration, conflict, pressure, and anxiety

The four principal types of stress are frustration, conflict, pressure, and anxiety.

What is Stress?

This is characterized by a feeling of emotional or physical tension in individuals.

There are four types of stress which are listed above thereby making option A the most appropriate choice.

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Is minerals renewable or non renewable?

Answers

Answer:

Minerals are non renewable if it is fossil......

Answer: Minerals are nonrenewable resources.

Explanation:

A nonrenewable resource is a resource that can not be replenished during a human lifespan. Minerals, metal ores, and fossil fuels are examples of nonrenewable resources.

The lactic acid generated in the body of a cricketer is first converted to glycogen in 1) Muscles 2) Liver 3) Blood 4) Both 2 and 3

Answers

Answer:

2) liver

Explanation:

the bloods transports the lactic acid to the liver to be converted into glycogen

Which organelle is labeled I? cell membrane ribosome endoplasmic reticulum nucleus

Answers

Answer:

"nucleus" seems to be the correct answer.

Explanation:

The nucleus seems to be a significant case wrapped through a double membrane that distinguishes these from the cytoplasm, the nuclear shell. The membranes combine throughout a few areas, allowing the interchange of substances between some of the cytoplasm as well as the nucleus, steps given designated "nuclear pores".The nuclear shell is consistent with either the concentrated endoplasmic reticulum, thereby bonding with either the nucleus.

Answer:

Nucleus

Explanation:

g You can find the results of the seedling experiment hereLinks to an external site.. Carry out the hypothesis test that you have identified in the previous problem; which is closest to the p-value that you obtain?Group of answer choices0.040.080.090.61

Answers

Answer:

0.080

Explanation:

The seedling experiment is the mobilization of reserves during the seed experiment. Development of embryo exist in the seedling. When the test is carried out the p-value obtained is near to 0.781 which is approximately 0.080. The calculation is 10 * 0.07 / 8.75 after solving the equation which we get is 0.080.

(06.03 LC) Which of the following is an example of how HIV can be transmitted from one person to another? Contact between infected blood and a mucus membrane Contact between infected saliva and an open wound Contact between infected blood and skin Contact between infected saliva and lining of mouth

Answers

Answer:

i believe the answer is contact between a infected blood and a mucus membrane

Explanation:

Nervous tissue is the predominant tissue type of which three organs Nervous tissue is predominate tissue type of which three organs

Answers

Answer:

Brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Explanation:

While they work together, each is an individual system.

Nervous tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. So, nervous tissues predominantly found in these three types of tissues.

What is Nervous Tissue?

Nervous tissues are the group of cells in the nervous system which controls the body movement , sends and carries signal to and from different parts of the body . It has a role in controlling bodiliy function such as Digestion.

It is group into two categories : Neurons and Neuroglia.

Neurons transmit electrical impulses while neuroglia do not; it has many other function including supporting and protecting neurons.

Nervous tissue makes the nervous system which is subdivided in several two categories .

1. The central nervous system (CNS)

2. The peripheral nervous system (PNS)

1.  CNS is composed of the brain and spinal cord where it coordinates information from all areas of the body and sends nerve impulses that control all bodily movements.

2. PNS consists of peripheral nerves which are branched all throughout the body and it connects the CNS to the rest of the body . It is directly responsible for controlling movements of specific parts of the body.

Thus, nervous tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. So, nervous tissues predominantly found in these three types of tissues.

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Alexei Romanov suffered from hemophilia, a condition that (1 point)
causes the body to produce too many blood cells due to the body's inability to form fibrin proteins.
o prevents blood from clotting normally due to the body's inability to form fibrin proteins.
O causes the body to produce abnormally shaped red blood cells due to the body's inability to form fibrin proteins.
o prevents the body from absorbing vitamin B12 due to the body's inability to form fibrin proteins.

Answers

Answer:

prevents blood from clotting normally due to the body's inability to form fibrin proteins.

Explanation:

Haemophilia is a genetic disorder which could be inherited and it is characterized by constant bleeding and loss of blood when injuries occur. This is as a result of the inability of the body to form fibril proteins. The fibril proteins are responsible for the production of platelets . The platelets are responsible for the clotting of blood.

This validates haemophilia being a disorder which prevent blood from clotting normally due to the body's inability to form fibrin proteins.

For those who need more answers

1. Adenine

2. Prevents blood from clotting normally due to the bodys inability to form fibrin proteins

3. TCA

4. DNA has the sugars deoxyribose, while RNA has the sugar ribose

5. tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome and helps form proteins

What are the phagocytes cell in the skin

Answers

Answer: The mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), which includes macrophages and dendritic cells, has also been implicated in the regulation of skin salt homeostasis and blood pressure [35]

Explanation:

Answer:

The phagocytes cell in the skin are the monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, tissue dendritic cells and mast cells. One litre of human blood contains about six billion phagocytes.

When pathogens are detected, the immune system produces millions of white blood cells, which fight the infection. Blood vessels near the wound expand, and white blood cells move from the vessels to enter the infected tissues. Many of these white blood cells are phagocytes which engulf and destroy bacteria.

You perform a test cross of the dihybrid AaBb and score the phenotypes of 1000 progeny. Assuming independent assortment, how many of the progeny do you expect to display the dominant phenotype for both the A and B genes?

Answers

Answer:

4

Explanation:

The number of progeny expected to display the dominant phenotype for both the A and B genes should be  4.

A test cross usually involves crossing an individual whose zygosity is in doubt with an individual that is recessive for both alleles so as to ascertain the zygosity of the former. Hence, for a test cross involving AaBb:

             AaBb     x     aabb

Progeny:

4 AaBb

4 Aabb

4 aaBb

4 aabb

Therefore, the number of progeny expected to display the dominant phenotype for both the A and B genes is 4.

who is the father of Genetic​

Answers

Answer:

hey there

Explanation: answer is gregor mendal  is the father of genetic in 19th century.

Answer:

Gregor Johann Mendel

Describe at least 2 benefits and 2 drawbacks there might be for animal cells (including humans) to make their own food through photosynthesis.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Benefits

Animals will not depend on plant source again for their food but have it produced directly by themselves because photosynthesis will allow animal produce their own food

Animal will get a direct source of energy for their activities. Energy is derived from food consumed after the food has been broken down in the body system of animal. Animal photosynthesis will give animals access to direct source of energy as the product their food.

Demerit

Animal lacks chlorophyll the green. Pigment in plant that light hit on absorption that will enable them to photosynthesis.

Animal lacks ways or mechanism of regulating Carbondioxide in take as in the case of C4 plant and crassulacean metabolic pathway (CAM).

Animals such as human will not have access to varieties of food but stick to photosynthate produced by them.

The LMand LNalleles at the MN blood-group locus exhibit codominance. Give the expected genotypes and phenotypes and their ratios in progeny resulting from the following crosses.a.LMLM x LMLNb.LNLN x LNLNc.LMLN x LMLNd.LMLN x LNLNe.LMLM x LNLN

Answers

Answer:

Please find the expected genotypes and phenotypes of the progenies of each cross below.

Explanation:

In the MN blood-group locus of the gene, alleles LM and LN exhibit codominance i.e one allele is not dominant or recessive to the other, hence, they are both expressed when they occur in a heterozygous state (MN).

Considering the following crosses (find the punnet square attached);

a)LMLM x LMLN - The progeny are LMLM and LMLN in the genotypic ratio 1:1. Phenotypic ratio is Blood type M (1) : blood type MN (1)

b) LNLN x LNLN - The progeny are all LNLN offsprings with a phenotypic and genotypic ratio 4:0. All offsprings will have a blood type N (4)

c) LMLN x LMLN - The progenies are LMLM, LMLN and LNLN in the genotypic ratio 1:2:1 respectively. The phenotypic ratio is Blood type M (1) : L

Blood type MN (2) : Blood type N (1)

d) LMLN x LNLN - The progeny are LMLN and LNLN with genotypic ratio 1:1 and phenotypic ratio blood type MN (1) : blood type N (1)

e) LMLM x LNLN - The progeny are all LMLN offsprings with penotypic ratio blood type MN (4)

What term is used to describe a retrograde flow of urine from the urinary bladder into the ureters that is the cause of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs)?

Answers

Answer:

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)

Explanation:

Answer:

The condition is known as Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)

Explanation:

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a pathological condition caused by Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) where urine flows back from the bladder into one or both ureters, and sometimes back into the kidneys. The condition is commonly seen in young children under 2 years of age, and infants.

Most children with primary VUR were born with an abnormal ureter, which is mainly seen as a defective valve between the kidneys and the ureters that does not close well, hence resulting in refluxes. Secondary VUR develops due to some pathological conditions affecting the urinary tract, like blockage of the urethra, causing reflux of urine. Defective bladder nerves can also lead to VUR.

In the DNA isolation process, cells are mixed with sodium chloride (i.e. NaCl) because the sodium (Na ) neutralizes the negative charge of DNA.

a. True
b. False

Answers

Answer:

this is true it neutralise easily

It is true that in the DNA isolation process, cells are mixed with sodium chloride (i.e. NaCl) because the sodium (Na ) neutralizes the negative charge of DNA.

What is DNA isolation?

DNA extraction is a method of separating DNA from cell membranes, proteins, and other cellular components using physical and/or chemical methods from a sample. In 1869, Friedrich Miescher isolated DNA for the first time.

The ability to extract DNA is critical for studying the genetic causes of disease and developing diagnostics and drugs.

It is also required for forensic science, genome sequencing, detecting bacteria and viruses in the environment, and determining paternity.

Because sodium (Na+) neutralizes the negative charge of DNA, cells are mixed with sodium chloride (i.e. NaCl) during the DNA isolation process. It makes homogenization easier.

Thus, the given statement is true.

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What do enzymes do? Please answer real quick

Answers

Answer:

Catalyze biochemical reactions.

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, it is widely known that enzymes are able to take substrates or reactants to their active sites, in order to catalyze a raft of biochemical reactions by which products that are not usually formed under typical conditions are formed, and then allow them to dissociate from the surface of the enzyme. Such combination formed by an enzyme and its substrates is called the enzyme–substrate complex which is further taken to the isolated product.

Regards.

I need help, please!!

Answers

Answer:

Aerobic respiration ; Respiration using oxygen

Mitochondria  ; Where respiration takes place

Anaerobic respiration ; Respiration in the absence of oxygen

Lactic acid ; Substance that build up in the muscles during anaerobic respiration .

Fermentation ; Process that converts sugar into alcohol

Explanation:

I hope it helps :)

Answer:

aerobic respiration - resperation using oxygen

mitochondria - where resperation takes place

anaerobic respiration - resperation in the absence of oxygen

lactic acid - substance that builds up in muscles during anerobic resperation

fermentation - process that converts sugar into alcohol

as Ethanol fermentation is also known as alcoholic fermentation

( hope I helped you ) :)

Outside the lining of the alveolus is blood, which is at a gauge pressure of 5 mmHg, while air is contained inside the alveolus. What is the absolute pressure inside the alveolus

Answers

Answer:

765 mmHg

Explanation:

The gauge pressure = 5 mmHg

To get the absolute pressure we use the relationship

[tex]P_{ab}= P_{g}+ P_{atm}[/tex]

where [tex]P_{ab}[/tex] is the absolute pressure = ?

[tex]P_{g}[/tex] is the gauge pressure = 5 mmHg

[tex]P_{atm}[/tex] = atmospheric pressure = 760 mmHg

substituting, we have

[tex]P_{ab}[/tex] = 5 mmHg + 760 mmHg = 765 mmHg

5. According to the video, what is the goal of the tree of life?
a. To summarize a fossil record
b. To describe how natural selection works
To be a library of all life that has ever lived
d. To explain how all species are related to each other

Answers

To be a library of all life that has ever lived

on terms of genetic similarity, which list is ordered from most similar to least similar b. cousin, uncle, mother, non twin sibling, identical twin

Answers

Answer:

Identical Twin, non twin sibling, Mother, Cousin, Then Uncle

Explanation:

The photoelectric effect describes when light shines on a piece of metal, and the metal releases electrons. Which model of light
behavior best helps explain this effect?

Particle model

Wave model

Electromagnetic model

Frequency model

Answers

Answer:

The answer is PARTICLE MODEL The person above ^^^ got the answer wrong, the correct answer really is Particle Model...

Thanks...

Answer:

Particle model

Explanation:

I am taking the test rnn

Flvs

Drag each tile to the correct box. Place the items in order from lowest to highest degree of internal organization. Please answer 1st at the top and last at the botttom

Answers

Answer:

Lowest to highest degree of internal organization form the given items are:

1) Digestive system: Digestive system is a type of organ system, which is consist of several digestive organs such as mouth, stomach, pancrease and intestine.

2) Stomach: Stomach is a type of organn which is a functional group of tissues.

3) Stomach lining tissues: These are functional group of cells.

4) Epithelial stomach cell: cell is a basic unit of all life.

Hence, the correct order form loowest to highest degree of internal organization is:

Digestive system => Stomach => Stomach lining tissues => Epithelial stomach cell

Why are G proteins found in cell membrane of the cell ?

Answers

Answer:

It is found in cell membrane because to bind extracellular substances and transmit signal.

When arterial blood pressure falls the body compensates to raise the blood pressure. Explain this process.

Answers

Answer:

the body distributes more blood to the body surface where it can ... Changes in diameter affect peripheral resistance, pressure, and flow, which ... the aorta and carotid arteries: The aortic sinuses are found in the walls of the ... When blood pressure drops too low, the rate of baroreceptor firing decreases.

Explanation:

What type of muscle is found in the circulatory system?

Answers

Answer:

The heart is the pump and the vessels are the delivery and return system for the blood. Every tissue in the body, directly or indirectly, receives oxygen and nutrients from blood supplied by the cardiovascular system. The heart is a muscle. The muscle is a modified form of skeletal muscle called cardiac muscle.

Explanation:

i hope itt help you

Answer:

blood muscles are found

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(i) As the viewing screen is moved away from the double slit, what happens to the separation between the interference fringes on the screen? (a) It increases, (b) It decreases, (c) It remains the same, (d) It may increase or decrease, depending on the wavelength of the light. (e) More information is required, (ii) As the slit separation increases, what happens to the separation between the interference fringes on the screen? Select from the same choices. How are the proteins inside your body affected by the presence of water and other molecules? What are the parts to an email?A)Recipient, Greeting, Body, ClosingB)Recipient, Subject, Body, SignatureC)Recipient, Subject, Greeting, Body, Closing, SignatureD)None of the above Which of these sentencesfrom the Sample Conclusionemphasizes your position?A. [A]llow cell phones, but... [punish]unwarranted intrusions into academic time.B. Cell phones are not going anywhere,no matter how people feel about them.C. 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