Can somebody explain to me what this text is saying (summarize)

Apartheid was the policy of racial discrimination and segregation in south africa during the 20th century. Christian religion was used as validation of the Segregation regime.

In the nation of Southern Africa and the west coast of Africa, there existed an arrangement of organized ethnic partitioning known as apartheid.  Separating individuals based on racial prejudice or cultural criteria is the basis of apartheid, a policy. During the time when a white population controlled South Africa, the inhuman apartheid system was applied all over the area. It imposed ethnic discrimination against people of color, primarily based on their skin tone and facial characteristics. Christian religion was used as validation of the Segregation regime d.uring that time, as well as a major source of inspiration for those engaged in the fight.

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After the British won the french and indian war, a part of the seven years war, they faced significant economic issues due to the costs of the war.

The British encountered various issues, despite their triumph. The economy of the thirteen colonies had taken a severe blow, which was one of the biggest difficulties they encountered after the war.

The British found it difficult to impose and enforce the tax legislation that was passed to help finance the expense of the war. The french and indian war was a critical event in the history of the United States.

The war began in 1754 and concluded in 1763, at the end of the seven years war. It was a battle between the british and french over control of land in North America.

The victory of the british over the french gave the british considerable control over land in the United States. The victory over the french and the gain of more land by the british, however, did not imply that the british could control this land quickly or effectively.

The land had already been colonized by the french, so there was a high demand for development and colonization to take place in these areas. There was an economic problem caused by the conflict's costs, as well as the demand for colonizing the new land, and the expense of protecting it from any enemy threats.

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The Venetians exported Textiles to the Ottomans. They were usually woven in other cities like Florence which were so valuable because their color remained vibrant. This is because they were dyed with a chemical called alum, which was found mainly in Anatolia, located at Ottoman Empire .

We cannot survive without them because we are traders, as a Venetian envoy put it. The Venetians purchased from the Ottomans completed items like soap, paper, and textiles, while the Ottomans bought from the Venetians wheat, spices, raw silk, cotton, and ash (used to make glass).

Through trade lines that originated in the salt trade, the republic of Venice produced and exchanged premium salt, salted goods, and other goods. The Venetians took over the salt trade from other salt manufacturing centres nearby Venice and established a monopoly in the supply of salt to Italy.

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The correct question is :

The Venetians exported _______________ to the Ottomans. They were usually woven in other cities like ___________ which were so valuable because their color remained vibrant. This is because they were dyed with a chemical called alum, which was found mainly in Anatolia, located at ___________________ .

The underlying cause of World War I that the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria represents is the system of alliances.

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife, Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, in Sarajevo, Bosnia, on June 28, 1914, is one of the most well-known events leading up to the outbreak of World War I.

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was just the spark that ignited the already smoldering tensions between the European nations, thanks to their tangled web of alliances. This triggered the First World War, which lasted from 1914 to 1918.

The war resulted in the loss of many lives and resources, as well as the destruction of infrastructure, and had a significant impact on world history.

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Answer:

The period from circa 1750 to 1900 saw a surge of revolutions that reshaped societies and politics across the world. These revolutions took various forms, from political upheavals to social and economic transformations. While some revolutions led to significant political and social changes, others failed to deliver the intended outcomes. Therefore, evaluating the extent to which revolutions brought about political or social changes is a complex task that requires examining each revolution's unique context and goals.

One of the most prominent revolutions in this period was the American Revolution of 1776. The American Revolution was a political revolution that aimed to overthrow British colonial rule and establish a new nation based on principles of democracy and individual rights. This revolution led to the formation of the United States of America, a country that became a beacon of freedom and democracy for the world. The American Revolution not only established a new political order but also paved the way for social changes, including the abolition of slavery and the extension of voting rights to more citizens.

Similarly, the French Revolution of 1789 was a significant political and social upheaval that aimed to overthrow the monarchy and establish a republic based on the principles of liberty, equality, and fraternity. The French Revolution led to the establishment of a new political order, including the adoption of a new constitution and the execution of the king. Moreover, the revolution brought about social changes, including the abolition of feudalism and the implementation of policies aimed at reducing inequality.

In Latin America, revolutions against Spanish colonial rule began in the early 1800s and continued throughout the century. These revolutions aimed to establish independent nations that would be free from colonial oppression. While some of these revolutions, such as the Mexican Revolution of 1910, led to significant political and social changes, others, such as the Venezuelan War of Independence, failed to deliver their intended outcomes.

In Asia, the Taiping Rebellion in China aimed to overthrow the Qing Dynasty and establish a new social and political order based on Christian beliefs. While the rebellion failed to achieve its ultimate goal, it led to significant social changes, including the promotion of gender equality and the adoption of new agricultural practices.

However, not all revolutions in this period led to significant political or social changes. The Haitian Revolution of 1791, for example, aimed to overthrow French colonial rule and establish an independent nation. While the revolution succeeded in achieving its political goal, it failed to bring about significant social changes, as slavery continued for several decades after the revolution.

In conclusion, revolutions that occurred in the period circa 1750 to 1900 had varying degrees of success in bringing about political and social changes. While some revolutions, such as the American and French Revolutions, led to significant political and social transformations, others failed to deliver their intended outcomes. Therefore, evaluating the extent to which revolutions brought about political or social changes requires examining each revolution's unique context and goals.

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There is an assumption that African decentralized political civilizations were viewed as unimportant by historians because the Europeans think that Africa started culture after being occupied by Europeans.

The European colonial powers that dominated Africa in the 19th century and 20th centuries managed to view non-centralized political methods as primitive and lacking in culture. They consider this as the view that was used to justify the imposition of colonial rule and the suppression of African cultural and political practices.

The other main thing is that Africa was discovered lately and also after the invasion of Europeans made civilization and trade system was implemented by them which led to the transportation of people.

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The letter’s significance as a source of information on popular attitudes to Bolshevik revolutionary policies lies in the fact that it suggests that some Soviet citizens felt that the Bolsheviks had gone too far in curtailing the property rights of wealthy Soviet citizens. Option B

The Bolshevik revolutionary policies were a set of political, social, and economic measures implemented by the Bolshevik Party, led by Vladimir Lenin, after they seized power in the Russian Revolution of 1917. These policies were aimed at transforming Russia into a socialist state and establishing a dictatorship of the proletariat.

Hence,  The letter implies that there were concerns among some Soviet citizens about the Bolsheviks' policies towards property rights and private ownership. This indicates that not all Soviet citizens were in full support of the Bolshevik revolution and its policies.

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Clause 12 represents a power shift from the king, who previously had complete control over taxation, to a more representative body that included the king's subjects. Also, this was a significant departure from the king's previous practice of imposing taxes without consultation, which had been a significant source of tension between the king and his subjects.

Clause 12 refers to the Magna Carta, a charter of liberties granted by King John of England in 1215. This clause was significant because it limited the king's power to impose taxes unilaterally and gave the common council a say.

This was a critical step towards a more democratic form of government, where the people had a more excellent voice in decision-making. It also helped to establish the principle of consent, which meant that the people had to agree to any new taxes before they could be imposed.

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Sacagawea's presence as an interpreter for the Lewis and Clark Expedition assured other Indian groups they encountered further west that the expedition was not a war party.

Sacagawea's presence as an interpreter on the Lewis and Clark Expedition played an integral role in the success of the mission. Not only did she offer insight on geography, food, and local customs, but her presence was a symbol of peaceful relations and the presence of the United States government.

Her presence as an interpreter assured other Indian groups they encountered further west that the expedition was not a war party, which in turn enabled them to build trusting relationships and achieve their mission objectives.

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Answer: Antisemitism, Political instability, Propoganda, International intervention

Explanation:

Preventing the Holocaust, one of the most horrific and tragic events in human history, would have required addressing the underlying factors that led to its occurrence. Some of the key factors that enabled the Holocaust to take place include:

Overall, preventing the Holocaust would have required addressing the underlying factors that enabled it to occur, including systemic discrimination, political instability, propaganda, and international inaction.

Below are some of the effects of the Industrial Revolution:

The Industrial Revolution was a period of rapid industrialization that took place from the 18th to the 19th century. It brought about many significant changes and innovations, including new manufacturing processes, the use of steam power, and improvements in transportation and communication.

Economic growth: The Industrial Revolution brought about significant economic growth, with new industries and businesses emerging, and existing ones expanding rapidly.

Urbanization: The growth of factories and industries led to a massive influx of people into cities, resulting in the rapid expansion of urban areas. This caused overcrowding, pollution, and poor living conditions for many people.

Social changes: The Industrial Revolution brought about significant social changes, including the rise of the middle class, the growth of labor unions, and the development of new social and economic systems.

Environmental impact: The Industrial Revolution had a significant impact on the environment, with pollution and the use of natural resources increasing rapidly.

In terms of how the inventions of the Industrial Revolution have helped in our daily lives, there are numerous examples. For instance, the steam engine paved the way for modern transportation, such as trains and cars, while the development of the assembly line and mass production led to the availability of affordable consumer goods.

Therefore,, the Industrial Revolution had a profound impact on society, transforming the way people lived and worked, and setting the stage for many of the technological advancements that continue to shape our world today.

Based on the Data chart:

REASON EVENT EFFECT / OUTCOME

Industrial Revolution - New manufacturing processes, steam power, and improvements in transportation and communication - Economic growth

Lastly, the Reaction: The Industrial Revolution was a significant period in history that brought about numerous changes and innovations that have had a lasting impact on society. The group did an excellent job of summarizing the key effects of the Industrial Revolution and highlighting some of the important inventions that have helped shape our daily lives.

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Ano-ano ang naging epekto ng Rebolusyong Industriyal?

Nakatutulong ba ang mga imbensiyon ng Rebolusyong Industriyal sa pang-araw- araw mong pamumuhay? Patunayan.

Pangkatang Pag-uulat: Bumuo ng pangkat na makakasama mo sa gawaing ito at magplano ng magiging sistema ng inyong paglalahad ng aralin. Maaari ding magsaliksik ng mga karagdagang datos tungkol sa inyong paksa.

Pangkat 1: Rebolusyong Siyentipiko

Pangkat 2: Enlightenment

Pangkat 3: Rebolusyong Industriyal

Pagkatapos ng inyong presentasyon ay itala sa data chart ang mahahalagang kaalaman para sa mas malinaw na daloy ng impormasyon sa paksa. Magbigay ng reaksiyon tungkol sa naging presentasyon ng kamag-aral.

DAHILAN

KAGANAPAN

EPEKTO / KINALABASAN

Rebolusyong Siyentipiko

Enlightenment

Rebolusyong Industriyal

EPEKTO SA PAGLAWAK NG KAPANGYARIHAN NG EUROPE

352

see english version below

What were the effects of the Industrial Revolution?

Are the inventions of the Industrial Revolution helpful in your daily life? Prove.

Group Reporting: Form a group to work with you on this task and plan the system that will be your presentation of the lesson. You can also research additional data about your topic.

Group 1: Scientific Revolution

Group 2: Enlightenment

Group 3: Industrial Revolution

After your presentation record the important information on the data chart for a clearer flow of information on the topic. Give a reaction about the classmate's presentation.

REASON

EVENT

EFFECT / OUTCOME

Scientific Revolution

Enlightenment

Industrial Revolution

EFFECT ON THE EXPANSION OF EUROPE'S POWER

352

The author's main purpose in the text was to D. to explain redlining and how new discriminatory practices cause problems today.

Redlining is a discriminatory practice that has had long-term consequences in American communities. This technique, which involves denying individuals living in specific areas services like as loans and insurance, was used to separate communities based on race and ethnicity.

These concerns continue to contribute to structural inequality and influence the lives of millions of Americans, particularly those from disadvantaged and underrepresented populations.

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Text is:

Redlining is a discriminatory practice that has had lasting effects on communities in the United States. Today, the effects of redlining can still be seen in the form of persistently segregated neighborhoods, lack of access to financial services, and disparities in educational and economic opportunities.

Answer:

"Most white northerners at the time [1860] viewed blacks as inferior. ...Only a few [white northerners] held strong opinions about slavery... A vocal minority of northerners were abolitionists. Some white northern bankers, mill owners, and merchants earned a lot of money on southern cotton and tobacco or by trading or transporting enslaved people. They were sympathetic to Southern plantation owners and did not want to abolish slavery."

14. How does the author of this secondary source interpret northern views of slavery in 1860?

a. Most northerners believed that slavery was morally wrong.

B. Most northerners were sympathetic to or supported slavery.

b. Most northerners wanted to abolish slavery.

d. Northerners wanted to expand the plantations in the North.

Explanation:

Based on the information provided in the quote, the author of this secondary source interprets that in 1860, most white northerners viewed blacks as inferior, but only a few held strong opinions about slavery. A vocal minority of northerners were abolitionists, but some white northern bankers, mill owners, and merchants were sympathetic to Southern plantation owners and did not want to abolish slavery. Therefore, the author does not interpret that most northerners were sympathetic to or supported slavery (option B). Instead, the author's interpretation suggests that there were a variety of opinions on slavery among white northerners, ranging from those who were abolitionists to those who were sympathetic to Southern plantation owners. However, the author does not indicate that most northerners wanted to abolish slavery (option C) or that northerners wanted to expand the plantations in the North (option D).

Members of Congress who have adopted the delegate role of representation normally cast their votes based on the preferences of the majority of their constituents. Option A is the correct answer.

This means that they see their role as a representative of the people who elected them, and they believe that their job is to act as a mouthpiece for the views and opinions of their constituents. As such, they would seek to reflect the majority views of their constituency in their voting patterns and decision-making processes.

Therefore, option A is the correct answer.

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Answer:

they believed the South had not suffered enough consequences for the war.

Explanation:

Johnson was sympathetic to white nationalism and did not want much shifting of southern power

The Industrial Revolution spread out of Britain for several reasons, including Access to resources: Other countries had access to resources such as coal, iron, and timber, which were necessary for industrialization.

Technological diffusion: The spread of technology and knowledge about industrial processes from Britain to other countries allowed for the development of industry in those places.

Market expansion: The demand for goods and the growth of international trade encouraged the spread of industrialization to other countries.

Political stability: Some countries had stable political systems that allowed for investment in industry and the development of infrastructure.

Labor availability: The availability of labor in other countries, including women and children, allowed for the growth of industry.

Overall, the spread of the Industrial Revolution was a complex process influenced by many factors, including access to resources, technology, market demand, political stability, and labor availability.

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The succession plan would be: Senate President Pro Tempore, Speaker of the House, or Attorney General.

A succession plan in government is a documented process that outlines how key leadership positions will be filled in the event of an expected or unexpected departure of an elected or appointed official.

The succession plan if a governor is removed from office, resigns, dies, or becomes incapacitated while in office would typically involve the Lieutenant Governor assuming the position of governor. If the Lieutenant Governor is unavailable or unwilling to assume the role, then the line of succession may vary by state but would typically involve the Senate President Pro Tempore, Speaker of the House, or Attorney General, in that order.

In some states, the succession may also include specific senior U.S. Senators or Justices of the Courts of Appeals. The specific succession plan may be outlined in the state constitution or state law.

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Answer:

Explanation:

4

Many empires did start to form about 1,000 CE and afterwards. These kingdoms gave the areas they ruled harmony, consistency, and intricacy.

States started to establish in central Chad, in the sahelian region between the desert and the savanna, at the end of the first millennium AD.

African empires from the fifteenth to the nineteenth centuries. Several empires were also founded south of the Sahel, particularly in West Africa, between the 15th century and the final Scramble for Africa in the late 19th century.

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At the beginning of Act IV, Scene I, the true cause of Juliet sadness is that her parents have arranged for her to marry Paris, but she is already secretly married to Romeo.

At the beginning of Act IV, Scene I, it is revealed that the source of Juliet's sadness is that her parents have arranged for her to marry Paris, but she is already secretly married to Romeo.

This highlights the conflict between Juliet's familial loyalty and her newfound love, as she must choose between keeping her parent's wishes or honoring her own personal choice. It also serves as a catalyst for the upcoming tragedies of the play, as Romeo and Juliet must take drastic action in order to protect their union and the love that binds them together.

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Albert Speer was a German architect, politician, and senior Nazi official who played a significant role in the Nazi regime. Speer's legacy is controversial because of his involvement in the Holocaust, and many scholars have debated whether he was truly ignorant of the genocide or was simply trying to protect himself from prosecution.

Albert Speer was born on March 19, 1905, in Mannheim, Germany, and died on September 1, 1981.He was a talented architect and urban planner who designed several buildings for the Nazi regime, including the Reich Chancellery.He was appointed as Adolf Hitler's chief architect in 1933 and was later promoted to the position of Minister of Armaments and War Production in 1942.Speer was responsible for the construction of concentration camps, and his department employed forced laborers from concentration camps for the production of war materials during World War II.After World War II, he was convicted of war crimes and crimes against humanity at the Nuremberg Trials in 1946.Speer expressed remorse for his actions during the Holocaust and apologized for his role in the Nazi regime.Speer's legacy is controversial because of his involvement in the Holocaust, and many scholars have debated whether he was truly ignorant of the genocide or was simply trying to protect himself from prosecution.

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President Coolidge's perspective on capitalism and the role of the president reflected the Republican Party's policy of laissez-faire capitalism and its rejection of progressivism in the early twentieth century.

President Calvin Coolidge's perspective on capitalism and the role of the president in the 1920s demonstrates the Republican Party's policy of laissez-faire capitalism, which emphasized limited government intervention in the economy. Coolidge believed in the concept of "rugged individualism" and the idea that the government should not interfere with the free market. He opposed the regulation of business, supported tax cuts for the wealthy, and believed that prosperity would trickle down to the rest of society.

This view represented a rejection of the progressivism of the early twentieth century, which called for government intervention to address social and economic problems. Progressives believed that government had a responsibility to promote the general welfare of its citizens, regulate industry, and protect workers' rights. However, the Republican Party of the 1920s rejected these ideas and instead focused on promoting business growth and limiting government involvement.

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The Spanish and the Chickasaw were allies in the early years of the colonization of the Americas.

However, their alliance began to weaken in the mid-18th century as the Spanish became increasingly interested in expanding their territorial claims in the region that is now the southeastern United States.

The Spanish realized that the Chickasaw, who controlled important trade routes and had a strong military presence, posed a threat to their expansionist goals. As a result, the Spanish began to undermine their alliance with the Chickasaw by providing support to their enemies, such as the French and the Choctaw.

In 1736, the Spanish launched a military campaign against the Chickasaw, which ultimately failed. However, the Spanish continued to try to weaken the Chickasaw by providing military and economic support to their enemies.

This strategy eventually led to the destruction of the alliance between the Spanish and the Chickasaw. The Chickasaw, feeling betrayed by their former ally, aligned themselves with the British and fought against the Spanish in several conflicts. The Spanish, in turn, were forced to abandon their expansionist plans in the region

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The depiction of a warrior on horseback has significant cultural and historical significance in many societies.

Horses have been used for transportation, warfare, and agriculture for thousands of years, and they have been an important part of human civilization. In many cultures, warriors on horseback represent power, strength, and dominance. They were able to move quickly and cover large distances, making them effective in battles and raids. Horses also offered a height advantage, allowing riders to see further and strike with more force.

The depiction of a warrior on horseback also represents a connection to nature and the land. Horses were domesticated by humans thousands of years ago, and their relationship with humans has been a crucial part of human history. In some cultures, such as Native American tribes, horses were considered sacred and were believed to have spiritual significance. The depiction of a warrior on horseback may also be associated with these beliefs and traditions.

Overall, the depiction of a warrior on horseback is a powerful symbol that represents strength, power, and a deep connection to nature and the land.

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Answer:Industrialization helped fuel the start of imperialism in the 19th century. The age of Imperialism started around the late 1800s after the Industrial Revolution. The Industrial Revolution was a catalyst to imperialism. The Industrial Revolution created fast economic growth as well as huge improvements in technology.

Explanation:

Answer: During the Meiji Restoration, Japan fought to modernize as fast as possible and as a result changed its society and economy significantly.

Explanation:

The Meiji Restoration was a period in Japanese history that began in 1868 and lasted until 1912. It marked the end of the Tokugawa shogunate and the restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Meiji. During this time, Japan underwent a series of rapid reforms and modernization efforts, including the adoption of Western-style institutions, education, technology, and industry. These changes allowed Japan to transform itself into a modern nation and emerge as a major player on the world stage.

The linguistic diversity represented on the map contributed most directly to the following developments regarding French foreign policy in the 19th century.

France was characterized by a strong sense of national identity and centralized government. The various groups living in the region spoke different languages and had different cultural practices.

Linguistic diversity refers to the variety of languages spoken by people in a specific geographical region. It implies the existence of a range of dialects within a language, as well as the presence of numerous languages in a given region.

Linguistic diversity is the foundation of multilingualism and is a crucial component of social and cultural diversity in the world. In the nineteenth century, the situation in France was such that the country was divided into different regions with distinct cultures and languages.

Brittany, for example, spoke Breton, which was very distinct from French, while Alsace-Lorraine spoke a Germanic dialect that was very different from French, which was the official language of the nation. This linguistic diversity posed a challenge to the French government, which was intent on strengthening national unity and promoting centralization.

The government was aware that linguistic diversity might potentially lead to regionalism and separatism. As a result, they attempted to restrict the use of non-French languages, particularly in public life and education. The linguistic diversity in France was a major factor in the country's foreign policy decisions.

In the 19th century, France pursued a policy of territorial expansion to offset its economic and political weaknesses. French policymakers sought to create an empire that would rival that of Britain. As a result, France expanded its territorial holdings in Africa and Asia, in order to gain new markets for its goods and sources of raw materials.

The linguistic diversity of the people living in these regions presented a challenge to French policymakers, as they had to decide whether to assimilate these populations into French culture or respect their linguistic and cultural diversity.

Ultimately, French policymakers chose to adopt an assimilationist policy, arguing that the French language and culture were superior to those of the colonized peoples.

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