According to the incentive sensitization theory of addiction, as a person develops a drug addiction, the user experiences an increase in __________________, with no change or even a decrease in ________________.
a. positive reinforcement; negative reinforcement
b. drug liking; drug wanting
c. drug wanting; drug liking
d. drug reward; drug craving

The nasal septum is made up of two bony structures: the vomer and the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone. The vomer is a thin, bony, triangular plate which forms the posterior and inferior part of the septum. It articulates with the maxillae and sphenoid bones.

The perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone is a thin, flat, and square plate that forms the superior and anterior portion of the septum. It articulates with the frontal and sphenoid bones. The nasal septum provides support to the nose, helps to regulate airflow, and allows the structures of the nose to remain symmetrical.

The nasal septum also helps to protect the delicate tissues of the nose from trauma. Its two bony structures provide stability, ensuring that the nose does not collapse under the pressure of air and fluid. The nasal septum also helps to humidify and warm the air entering the nasal cavity, which helps to protect the delicate nasal tissues from dry air and cold air.

Lastly, the nasal septum helps to equalize pressure between the two sides of the nose, which helps to maintain the health of the sinuses and ears.

Know more about nasal septum here :

brainly.com/question/18837628

#SPJ11

The following is NOT true regarding men and dieting is men hope to improve their appearance to advance in the workplace.

The correct answer is option D.

Men are more shape oriented than weight oriented, according to studies. Men are more likely to diet for a specific reason, such as sports performance, than women. When compared to the lower body, men concentrate on the upper body. They are more concerned with their muscles and abs than with their thighs and hips.

Men who are overweight or obese are more likely than women to believe that they will be treated differently at work. According to a study, 49% of men believe they must be physically attractive to succeed at work. The study also revealed that men who are obese or overweight earn an average of $8,000 less per year than those who are not. This is due to the fact that they are less likely to be offered promotions and are less likely to be employed in leadership roles.

Learn more about dieting at https://brainly.com/question/29908504

#SPJ11

Answer: This patient would not be at increased risk. RATIONALE:Schizophrenia is most often diagnosed in late adolescence and early adulthood. Treatment for depression does not increase the risk of being diagnosed with schizophrenia.

Explanation: children

The body part that has the largest spatial representation in the brain's motor homunculus is the hands.

It's essential to understand that the motor homunculus is a topographical and an anatomical representation of body parts on the precentral gyrus. Furthermore, it is a neurological map that indicates the amount of motor cortex dedicated to specific body regions.

The face occupies the most significant amount of space in the homunculus, followed by the hands and fingers, and finally the legs and feet. The diagram indicates that the size of each body region represents the quantity of the motor cortex devoted to it. When an area of the body that is represented on the homunculus is stimulated or utilized, the corresponding area of the homunculus is activated.

The more nerve endings a body part has, the more substantial the representation is in the motor cortex. The hand has the most nerve endings, followed by the face, foot, and finally the trunk.

Therefore,  The motor homunculus is a topographical representation of the human body's anatomy, specifically the cortical regions that are responsible for motor function.

To know more about homunculus please visit :

https://brainly.com/question/29212861

#SPJ11

Concussion in sports has become a major concern in recent years, with athletes at all levels at risk of sustaining this type of head injury.

The implementation of concussion protocols, which involve removing athletes from play if they show signs of a concussion and not allowing them to return until they have been cleared by medical professionals. Many sports organizations, including the National Football League (NFL) and National Hockey League (NHL), have also made rule changes to reduce the risk of head injuries.

There has been an increased focus on educating athletes, coaches, and parents about the signs and symptoms of concussion, as well as the importance of reporting these injuries and seeking proper medical attention. Research into new treatments and technologies, such as specialized helmets and brain imaging techniques, is also ongoing.

To learn more about concussion follow the link: brainly.com/question/3758366

#SPJ4

According to a group of researchers who interviewed people who had suffered the loss of a spouse or child, they found that the more social support, the survivors had, the more distress they reported.

Social support is defined as assistance from family, friends, or social networks that provides comfort and relief during times of distress. This type of support helps people feel connected and provides a sense of belonging, which helps those struggling to cope with the loss of a loved one.

Research has shown that those who have more social support are more likely to have better physical and mental health outcomes. This can include emotional, informational, and practical support, such as comfort, understanding, reassurance, and advice.

Without adequate social support, individuals who have suffered a loss can struggle to cope with their grief and are at greater risk of developing mental health issues.

To know more about social support refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/28270455#

#SPJ11

Answer:

A physical therapist may provide vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT) to a person with a balance disorder caused by problems in the inner ear. VRT is a specialized form of physical therapy that uses specific exercises and movements to help retrain the brain and inner ear to work together to maintain balance.

VRT may involve exercises such as eye movements, head movements, balance training, and gait training, and may be customized to the individual's specific needs and symptoms. The goal of VRT is to reduce dizziness, improve balance and coordination, and increase overall function and quality of life.

In addition to VRT, a physical therapist may also provide education on strategies to manage symptoms and prevent falls, as well as recommend other treatments or referrals as needed.

(please could you kindly mark my answer as brainliest )

In psychology, problem solving is defined as the process of finding a solution to an unfamiliar or complex situation or challenge. It involves using cognitive and behavioral strategies to overcome obstacles and reach a desired goal.

Many methods, such as algorithmic thinking, intuition, and trial & error, can be used to solve problems. In order to solve a complex problem effectively, it is frequently necessary to divide it into smaller, more manageable components and to brainstorm potential solutions.

Motivation, expertise, cognitive biases, and issue representation are just a few of the variables that psychologists have identified as having an impact on problem solving. In order to effectively solve problems, one must be able to analyze the effectiveness of alternative solutions, adapt and modify techniques as needed, and decide on the best course of action.

To know more about problem solving

brainly.com/question/3582449

#SPJ4

"Thinking about sending your poetry to a magazine" is an example of a response-reinforcer relationship with good contingency but poor temporal contiguity. The option c:

In operant conditioning, the term response-reinforcer relationship refers to the relationship between behaviour and its outcomes or consequences. This relationship is crucial in shaping behaviour, and it is often used in behaviour modification techniques in order to increase or decrease particular behaviours. Temporal contiguity refers to the time between the occurrence of behaviour and the delivery of reinforcement. It means that there should not be a long delay between the behaviour and the reinforcement. Contingency refers to the relationship between behaviour and its outcomes. It means that a particular behaviour must be followed by a particular outcome to be effective. It's the idea that the consequences of a behaviour determine whether or not that behaviour will be repeated or avoided. So, option c: "thinking about sending your poetry to a magazine" is an example of a response-reinforcer relationship with good contingency but poor temporal contiguity. This is because there is a significant delay between the behaviour (thinking about sending poetry) and the reinforcement (getting published in the magazine).

For such more question on contiguity

https://brainly.com/question/2599764

#SPJ11

The dietary practice that does NOT help to protect a person from developing heart disease is d. A diet which substitutes beef for fish.

The dietary practice that does NOT help to protect a person from developing heart disease is the one that involves substituting beef for fish. Heart disease is a term used to describe a range of conditions that affect the heart. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a more general term that encompasses all heart and blood vessel diseases. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most prevalent form of CVD, which occurs when the blood supply to the heart is blocked or restricted by fat deposits, resulting in chest pain (angina) and heart attacks.

Protection against heart disease: Consuming recommended amounts of dietary fiber, adequate consumption of antioxidant nutrients, and substituting monounsaturated fats for saturated fats are all dietary practices that help to protect a person from developing heart disease. But the dietary practice that does NOT help to protect a person from developing heart disease is the one that involves substituting beef for fish. Fish is a healthy protein source that provides a high amount of omega-3 fatty acids, which help to reduce inflammation and lower the risk of heart disease. Beef, on the other hand, is a high-fat protein source that can increase cholesterol and triglyceride levels, which can contribute to heart disease.

To know more about Dietary practice please visit :

https://brainly.com/question/959682

#SPJ11

Answer:

Willpower or self-control

Answer:

The consumption of zinc tablets has the potential to confer a number of advantages, such as strengthening the immune system, promoting wound healing and potentially improving cognitive functioning.

However, it is important to be aware of the potential side effects of taking zinc, including nausea and vomiting, copper deficiency, diarrhea and stomach cramps, which may be exacerbated by taking high doses or without food.

Question #16: The conditional probability that a person has HIV given that they test positive is 0.97.
Question #17: It is not surprising given the statistics of the study. This result can have implications for policies of mandatory testing as it highlights that there may be a large number of false positives, as compared to true positives, which could cause an overestimation of the rate of infection.
Question #18: Out of the 10000 random people, it is estimated that only 0.26 people will actually have HIV.
Question #19: Out of the 0.26 people who have HIV, it is estimated that 0.252 of them will test positive.
Question #20: Out of the 9999.74 people without HIV, it is estimated that 9.478 of them will test positive.
Question #21: Yes, the answers to Questions #19 and #20 make sense in light of the answer to Question #16. This is due to the high false-positive rate of the ELISA test, which was shown in the Weiss et al 1985 study.

Read more about the topic of ELISA test:

https://brainly.com/question/16012124

#SPJ11

Answer:

d. keeping a record of your eating habits.

Explanation:

Keeping a record of your eating habits to see what situations cause you to overeat/Keeping a record of your eating habits is an example of a behavior modification technique for weight control.

Hope it helped! :)

The correct answer is D) Keep a record of your eating habits.

Keeping a record of your eating habits is an example of self-monitoring, a behavior modification technique used in weight control. By keeping track of what you eat, how much you eat, and when you eat, you can identify patterns and make changes to your eating habits.

This technique can help you become more aware of what you are eating and when, and can also help you identify triggers for overeating or unhealthy food choices.

Cooking your own meals is also a helpful behavior modification technique for weight control, as it allows you to control the ingredients and portion sizes of your meals.

Feeling guilty after overeating is not a productive technique and can lead to negative feelings and a cycle of unhealthy eating behaviors. Always cleaning your plate when you eat can also lead to overeating and consuming more calories than your body needs.

Having someone watch you to prevent overeating may be helpful in some cases, but ultimately it is important to develop internal self-regulation of eating behaviors.

Learn more about eating habits at:

https://brainly.com/question/2826143

#SPJ2

A client with a recent diagnosis of fibromyalgia is receiving instruction from a nurse. Exercise with low impact helps lessen pain attacks.

Clinical diagnosis is one of the various kinds of medical diagnosis and is based on test results, symptoms, and living signs. Rather of taking into account the patient's issues, a laboratory diagnosis is made based on lab test results.

a test that uses a person's symptoms and signals to determine what sickness or condition they may have. Moreover, diagnostic tests may be used to generate a prognosis, assess the efficacy of the proposed course of treatment, and plan treatment. Diagnostic tests come in a wide variety of forms.

To know more about diagnostic visit:

https://brainly.com/question/30532372

#SPJ1

The World Health Organization (WHO) was able to successfully eradicate smallpox from the planet through a global effort, beginning in 1967. Smallpox was a highly contagious and deadly virus which spread quickly and could have resulted in millions of deaths.

In order to combat this virus, the WHO devised an immunization campaign, focused on vaccinating high risk populations. Vaccines were sent to the countries with the highest risk of an outbreak and medical personnel were trained to administer them. In addition, health workers went door-to-door to spread awareness about the dangers of smallpox and encouraged citizens to get vaccinated.

In 1980, the WHO officially declared that smallpox had been eradicated worldwide. This was a huge accomplishment and the first infectious disease to be completely wiped out. The eradication of smallpox was only made possible through the combined efforts of governments, healthcare workers, and citizens around the globe.

Know more about World Health Organization  here :

brainly.com/question/16785070

#SPJ11

The given statement is TRUE.

The cardiac action potential slows down at the av node, allowing time for the ventricles to completely fill prior to contraction. What is the cardiac action potential? The electrical current that flows through the cardiac muscle as it contracts is referred to as the action potential of a cardiac muscle cell begins when sodium ions flood into the cell, depolarizing the membrane and causing the muscle cell to contract. This depolarization event travels rapidly across the heart, causing the muscles to contract, pushing blood through the heart to the lungs and the rest of the body. The atrioventricular (AV) nodeThe AV node is a small bundle of cells located in the heart's wall that serves as an electrical gateway between the atria and the ventricles. The action potential slows down at the AV node, allowing the ventricles to fill completely before they contract. The action potential then travels through the His-Purkinje network to the ventricles. As a result, it enables the ventricles to fill completely, allowing for optimal cardiac output. Hence, the given statement is TRUE.

Learn more about cardiac action potential at brainly.com/question/30558076

#SPJ11

According to HIPAA guidelines, the computer used to process PHI should use an installed password protection system when away from the computer and automatic log-off when the computer is not in use.

Passwords should be complex and changed regularly to  insure the easy  position of security. It's also important to  insure that the computer is configured to lock after a certain  quantum of inactivity. This means that if the computer is left unattended, it'll automatically lock itself and bear the  stoner to re-up the  word in order to use the computer

again. It's also important to  insure that any data stored on the computer is translated in order to  help unauthorized access. Eventually, it's important to  insure that all PHI stored on the computer is backed up on a regular base in order to  cover against data loss.

To know more about  HIPAA guidelines visit:

https://brainly.com/question/30535953

#SPJ4

The three joints in the figure are classified as fibrous joints. Joints are the points where bones meet and allow for movement. Joints can be classified as fibrous joints, cartilaginous joints, or synovial joints based on their structure and function.

Fibrous joints are joints where bones are directly connected by dense fibrous tissue to form a joint that lacks a cavity. They are also known as immovable joints or synarthroses, and they are located in regions of the body where stability is more crucial than mobility. The sutures in the skull, for example, are an example of fibrous joints. There are three types of fibrous joints: Sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses.

For more such questions on fibrous joints

https://brainly.com/question/24035437

#SPJ11

The normal approximation to the binomial distribution is given as:

X ~ B(n, p), then it is approximated to a normal distribution such that,

X ~ N(np, np(1-p)) where n is the number of trials, p is the probability of success, and (1-p) is the probability of failure.

The null hypothesis is given as H₀: The median percent of impurities in this brand of jam is 25%.

The alternative hypothesis is given as H₁: The median percent of impurities is not 25%.

The median percent of impurities is given as : (1/2) * (16 + 1) = 8.5.

The following are the number of times the data is above and below 8.5: 2.4 + 2.3 + 3.1 + 2.2 + 2.3 + 3.6 = 16.9 > 8.5. Thus, we have 6 values above the median.

1.2 + 1.0 + 1.7 + 1.9 + 1.6 + 2.3 = 10.7 > 8.5. Thus, we have 6 values below the median.

The total number of signs of observations above the median is given as m₁ = 6.

The total number of signs of observations below the median is given as m₂ = 6

The total number of observations is given as n = 16.

The Z test statistic is given as Z = [min(m₁, m₂) - 0.5]/[√(n/2)] = [min(6, 6) - 0.5]/[√(16/2)]≈ 1.5

Using a normal distribution table, the critical value for α = 0.05 is given as zα/2 = 1.96.

Since |Z| = |1.5| < |1.96|, we accept the null hypothesis that the median percent of impurities in this brand of jam is 25%. Therefore, the sign test at the 0.05 level of significance is not significant enough to reject the null hypothesis.

Read more about the topic of the null hypothesis:

https://brainly.com/question/30535681

#SPJ11

Along with an antibiotic prescription, lifestyle education for a nonpregnant adult female who has had a urinary tract infection includes drinking adequate fluids and urinating frequently.

Ensuring adequate hydration and urinating frequently to assist in flushing bacteria from the bladder. It's also important to know that wiping from front to back, voiding after intercourse, avoiding irritants like spermicidal lubricants, and wearing cotton underwear are all effective ways to reduce the risk of UTIs. UTIs are more common in females than males due to the anatomical differences between the two genders. Bacteria in the urethra may migrate to the bladder and begin to proliferate, causing a UTI.

Symptoms of a UTI include increased urination frequency, discomfort during urination, lower abdominal discomfort, and potentially bloody urine. As soon as you suspect a UTI, it's critical to seek medical attention to reduce the possibility of complications. Your doctor can administer antibiotics to eliminate the infection and prevent it from spreading to other body parts. If you have a UTI, lifestyle modifications and antibiotic therapy can help you recover quickly.

Learn more about antibiotic at:

https://brainly.com/question/17988226

#SPJ11

A nurse is teaching a guardian of an adolescent who has mild persistent asthma and a new prescription for maintenance prednis following statements by the guardian indicates an understanding of the teaching is d. I should have my son take this medication between meals.

Mild persistent asthma is a type of asthma in which the airway is inflamed, and it can be treated with long-term control medications such as inhaled corticosteroids or leukotriene modifiers. Prednisone is a corticosteroid that is often used in asthma treatment to control inflammation.The guardian statement that indicates an understanding of the nurse's teaching is that the medication should be given to the son between meals.

Prednisone can cause gastrointestinal irritation, which is why it should be taken with food or after a meal to reduce the risk of stomach upset. Avoiding grapefruit juice is not a teaching point associated with prednisone, and taking prednisone only when the son starts to wheeze is not the correct time to take prednisone for mild persistent asthma.

Learn more about gastrointestinal at:

brainly.com/question/985080

#SPJ11

A person with limited intelligence, but who shows exceptional mental ability in one or more narrow areas, such as mental arithmetic, calendar calculations, art, or music is said to have Savant Syndrome. The correct answer is (b).

Savant Syndrome is a condition in which a person with limited intelligence and development skills displays exceptional mental ability in one or more narrow areas, such as mental arithmetic, calendar calculations, art, or music. These abilities are often called islands of genius, as they stand out from the otherwise limited intelligence of the individual.

Savants often have difficulty understanding abstract concepts and can have difficulty in communication and social situations. Savant Syndrome is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, although there is no one specific cause.

Research suggests that savant abilities may be a result of the brain rewiring itself to compensate for a disability or developmental delay.

Some characteristics of Savant Syndrome are:
- Difficulties in social situations, communication, and understanding abstract concepts
- Exceptional memory and mental abilities in certain areas
- May have unusual methods of processing information
- Special talents that stand out among their peers
- Difficulty in learning new skills
- Poor motor skills
- Language processing issues
- Intense focus on certain activities

Therefore, The correct answer is Savant Syndrome which is a rare condition that affects only a small portion of the population but is a powerful reminder of the unique capabilities of the human mind.

To know more about Savant Syndrome, refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/28049651#

#SPJ11

Victor is an endurance athlete whose training is focused on maintaining a fast pace even after he begins to experience discomfort. He is trying to increase his pain tolerance.

Tolerance is the ability to withstand hardship, discomfort, or pain without becoming irritated or upset. Pain tolerance, on the other hand, is the amount of pain that a person can bear before requiring pain relief or succumbing to the pain's effects.

Victor, an endurance athlete, is attempting to increase his pain tolerance. To do so, he needs to maintain a fast pace even as he experiences discomfort. By doing so, he is attempting to raise his pain tolerance or the amount of discomfort he can withstand.

Learn more about pain tolerance at https://brainly.com/question/14686880

#SPJ11

His reasoning shows that he is making a: temporal comparison. The correct option is B.

Temporal comparisons occur when a person evaluates his/her own skills, abilities, and accomplishments in the present by comparing them to their past performance.  A temporal comparison is a form of self-evaluation in which people look back on their previous performance in a particular area and compare it to their current performance.

This type of evaluation may lead to feelings of satisfaction or dissatisfaction, depending on the results. People who experience an upward change in their skills, abilities, or accomplishments are more likely to be satisfied with their performance than those who experience a decline.

In this case, Alden compared his performance in the calculus exam with his previous performance in the same exam, and he concluded that he did better this time. The feeling of satisfaction he experiences is a result of his temporal comparison. Therefore, the correct option is B. Temporal comparison.

In conclusion, the reasoning of Alden reflects the temporal comparison, and he made an appropriate evaluation of his past and present performance.

To know more about temporal comparison refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/16397573#

#SPJ11

A state of bodily tension, such as hunger or thirst, that arises from an unmet need is a state of physiological arousal.

Physiological arousal is the body's natural response to changes in its environment, both physical and psychological. This response is triggered by the release of hormones, like cortisol and adrenaline, which create a heightened sense of alertness. This arousal can be caused by anything from the presence of a potential danger to the craving for  food or drink. Depending on the degree of arousal, this state can lead to feelings of excitement or tension.

For example, when faced with an imminent threat, physiological arousal can lead to fear and an increase in heart rate and respiration. In contrast, when faced with the prospect of a pleasurable reward, physiological arousal can lead to excitement and anticipation.  In either case, once the need is met, the physiological arousal dissipates and the body returns to its normal state.

Know more about  physiological arousal  here:

https://brainly.com/question/7011235

#SPJ11    

The following are the answer for the following statement: 1. True. 2. True. 3. True 4. False. 5. True. 6.True. Depending on the mechanical strength, tensile strength, elastic limit, plastic behavior, and tensile stress.

1. True. Hardness and yield strength are related to how easily a metal plastically deforms. Enhancing dislocation movement increases the mechanical strength of the metal.
2. True. The impacts of cold work are (a) decreasing yield strength; (b) decreasing tensile strength; (c) increasing ductility.
3. True. The smallest amount of stress, when a material can develop without a necking, is defined as Elastic Limit.
4. False. Yield point is the point at which any additional stress will result in a permanent plastic deformation.
5. True. For the tensile test, as the load is applied, the curve is proportional and this period of linearity is termed the elastic region. Once the curve deviates from a straight line and begins to yield, the material has reached the proportional limit. Once the material has yielded, it exhibits plastic behavior.
6. True. The maximum tensile stress, which can be applied to the testing samples during a tensile test, is called Ultimate Tensile Strength.

To know more about tensile strength, click the below link:

https://brainly.com/question/18666343

#SPJ11

Emphysema is a disease in which the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles are enlarged and their walls are destroyed.

Emphysema is a lung disease in which the air sacs in the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing difficulty breathing. Emphysema is caused by smoking, air pollution, and other factors that irritate the lungs.

The air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles are enlarged due to overdistension or destruction. This leads to a decrease in the amount of oxygen that can enter the lungs, and difficulty breathing. Emphysema is a chronic, progressive disease that gets worse over time.

There is no cure for emphysema, but treatment can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. Treatment may include medications, oxygen therapy, and pulmonary rehabilitation.

To know more about emphysema refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/19090632#

#SPJ11