Answer:
Total future value= $408,334.38
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
A couple thinking about retirement decide to put aside $3,000 each year in a savings plan that earns 8% interest. In 5 years they will receive a gift of $10,000 that also can be invested.
First, we will determine the future value of the annual deposit investment. We need to use the following formula:
FV= {A*[(1+i)^n-1]}/i
A= annual deposit
FV= {3,000*[(1.08^30) - 1]} / 0.08
FV= $339,849.63
Now, for the $10,000:
FV= PV*(1+i)^n
FV= 10,000*(1.08^25)
FV= $68,484.75
Total future value= 339,849.63 + 68,484.75
Total future value= $408,334.38
When recording journal entries for production costs using a standard cost accounting system, the debit to Work in Process Inventory account is for the ______ amount.
Answer: Actual amount
Explanation:
Standard Costing deviates from traditional accounting in that it is not based on historical costs of a good. In standard cost accounting, the actual costs are put in place of standard costs and then the variance between the two will be recorded and used for analysis.
The debit to the Work in Process Inventory account under a standard cost accounting system will be the actual amount.
For each of the following cases determine the ending balance in the inventory account. a. Jill’s Dress Shop had a beginning balance in its inventory account of $44,500. During the accounting period, Jill’s purchased $88,500 of inventory, returned $5,900 of inventory, and obtained $840 of purchases discounts. Jill’s incurred $1,180 of transportation-in cost and $690 of transportation-out cost. Salaries of sales personnel amounted to $35,500. Administrative expenses amounted to $40,100. Cost of goods sold amounted to $91,300.b. Ken’s Bait Shop had a beginning balance in its inventory account of $8,000. During the accounting period Ken’s purchased $36,900 of inventory, obtained $1,200 of purchases allowances, and received $360 of purchases discounts. Sales discounts amounted to $640. Ken’s incurred $900 of transportation-in cost and $260 of transportation-out cost. Selling and administrative cost amounted to $12,300. Cost of goods sold amounted to $33,900.
Answer:
a) Jill's
beginning inventory = $44,500
purchases = $88,500 - $5,900 - $840 = $81,760
transportation in expenses = $1,180
total inventory costs = $127,440
cost of goods sold = $91,300
ending inventory = $127,440 - $91,300 = $36,140
b) Ken's
beginning inventory = $8,000
purchases = $36,900 - $1,200 - $360 = $38,460
transportation in expenses = $900
total inventory costs = $47,360
cost of goods sold = $33,900
ending inventory = $47,360 - $33,900 = $13,460
To be effective, your goals must be balanced in the following areas:a. Career, Fun, Health, Relationship, Spiritualityb. Environmental, Spirituality, Organicc. Career, Financial, Health and Fitness, Relationships, Spirituality
Answer:
Career , Financial , Health and Fitness, Relationships, Spirituality
Explanation:
Goals are what one plan to achieve within a specified period of time. Goal could be short term , usually one year or long term goal, which is more than a year. People that want to succeed must set goals because setting goal gives direction. When people set goals, it gives them the opportunity to work harder towards achieving that goal and also provides benchmark for determining if one is actually succeeding or on the right path.
People set goals on daily basis. The question is; how effective are those goals. It therefore means that for a goal to be effective, it must touch or cover the following areas ; career, financial, health and fitness, relationships, spirituality.
The most powerful of the five competitive forces is usually: Select one: a. The competitive pressures that stem from ready availability b. The competitive pressures associated with rivalry among competing sellers in the industry for buyer patronage c. The competitive pressures associated with the potential entry of new competitors d. The bargaining power and leverage that large customers are able to exercise
Answer:
b. The competitive pressures associated with rivalry among competing sellers in the industry for buyer patronage.
Explanation:
The Porter’s five forces of competition is a framework developed by Michael E. Porter in 1979, it is used to measure and analyze an organization's competitiveness in a business environment.
The Porter's five forces of competition framework are:
1. The bargaining power of suppliers.
2. The bargaining power of customers.
3. Threat posed by substitute products.
4. Threats posed by new entrants.
5. Threats posed by existing rivals in the industry.
The most powerful of the five competitive forces is usually the competitive pressures associated with rivalry among competing sellers in the industry for buyer patronage. When the amount of competitors (sellers), as well as the quantity of goods and services they provide are large, the lesser their competitive strengths or advantage in the market because the customers have a large pool of finished goods and services to choose from and vice-versa.
A project has cash flows of -152,000, 60,800, 62300, and 75000 for years 0 to 3 respectively. The required rate of return is 13 years percent. Based on the internal rate of return of__________percent, you should________the project.
Answer:
Based on the IRR of 14.05 percent, you should be accept the project
Explanation:
Internal rate of Return is the discount rate of that equates the present value of cash inflows to the initial cost. It is the maximum cost of capital that can be used to evaluate a project without causing harm to the shareholders.
It is calculated as follows:
IRR = a% + ( NPVa/(NPVa + NPVb)× (b-a)%
NPV = PV of cash inflows - initial cost
Step 1: NPVa at 13% discount rate
PV of cash inflow = 60,800× 1.13^(-1) + 62300 ×1.13^(-2) + 75000 ×1.13^(-3)
= 154,574.11
NPVa = 154,574.11 - 152000 = 2,574.11
Step 2: NPVb at 20%
PV of cash inflow = 60,800× 1.20^(-1) + 62300 ×1.20^(-2) + 75000 ×1.20^(-3) = 137,333.33
NPVb = 137,333.33 - 152,000 = (14,666.67)
Step 3: IRR
IRR = 13% + ( 2,574.11 /(2,574.11 + 14,666.67) )× (20-13)%
IRR = 14.05%
Based on the IRR of 14.05%, the project you should be accept the project
Since the IRR (14.05%) is greater than the required rate rate (13%) , the project should be accepted. An IRR which is higher than the hurdle rate implies that the project would increase the wealth of the shareholders
Hoosier Manufacturing operates a production shop that is designed to have the lowest unit production cost at an output rate of 145 units per hour. In the month of July, the company operated the production line for a total of 265 hours and produced 30,400 units of output.What was its capacity utilization rate for the month?
Answer:
79.1%
Explanation:
Hoosier manufacturing operates a production shop that is modelled to have the lowest unit of production
The output rate is 145 units per hour
In the month of July the company operated the production line for 265 hours
30,400 units of output were produced
Therefore, the capacity utilization rate can be calculated as follows
= 30,400 units/265 hours ×145
= 30,400/38,425
= 0.791×100
= 79.1%
Hence the capacity utilization rate for the month is 79.1%
Read Eye on Fiscal Stimulus. How big was the fiscal stimulus package of 2008-2009, how many jobs was it expected to create, and how large was the multiplier implied by that expectation? Did the stimulus work?
Answer:
1. $787 billion
2. 650,000; 1.6
3. did not meet; the multiplier was much smaller than 1.6
Explanation:
The fiscal stimulus package of 2008-2009 was $787 billion. This is because, the United States government wanted to increase spending in order to have sufficient economic growth. Thus, the fiscal stimulus was expected to create 650,000 JOBS, in which the multiplier implied by that expectation is 1.6.
However, the stimulus did fiscal stimulus did not work, as it DID NOT MEET the expectations of the Obama administration, simply because "the multiplier was much smaller than 1.6"
What is the value of a zero-coupon bond with a par value of $1,000 and a yield to maturity of 6.60%? The bond has 19 years to maturity.
Answer:
$296.90
Explanation:
For computing the value of the zero coupon bond we need to apply the present value formula i.e to be shown in the attachment below:
Given that,
Future value = $1,000
Rate of interest = 6.60%
NPER = 19 years
PMT = $0
The formula is shown below:
= -PV(Rate;NPER;PMT;FV;type)
So, after applying the above formula, the value of zero coupon bond is would be $296.90
McKerley Corp. has preferred stock outstanding that will pay an annual dividend of $3.70 per share with the first dividend exactly 14 years from today. If the required return is 3.6 percent, what is the current price of the stock?
Answer:
$64.89
Explanation:
Calculation for the current price of the stock
First step is to find the preference stock value at end of 13 years
Using this formula
P13= Annual dividend/Required return
Let plug in the formula
P13=$3.70/.036
P13= $102.78
The second step is to calculate for the current price of the stock
Using this formula
P0= P13/(1+Required return)^Dividend years
Let plug in the formula
P0= $102.78/(1 + .036)^13
P0=$102.78/(1.036)^13
P0=$102.78/1.5837
P0=$64.89
Therefore the current price of the stock will be $64.89
erekes Manufacturing Corporation has prepared the following overhead budget for next month. Activity level 3,200 machine-hours Variable overhead costs: Supplies $ 16,640 Indirect labor 29,120 Fixed overhead costs: Supervision 15,400 Utilities 6,600 Depreciation 7,600 Total overhead cost $ 75,360 The company's variable overhead costs are driven by machine-hours. What would be the total budgeted overhead cost for next month if the activity level is 3,100 machine-hours rather than 3,200 machine-hours
Answer:
Variable overhead= $44,330
Fixed overhead= $29,600
Total overhead= $73,930
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Total variable overhead= $45,760
Total fixed overhead= $29,600
Total overhead cost= $75,360
First, we need to calculate the variable predetermined overhead rate:
Variable predetermined overhead rate= 45,760/3,200= $14.3 per machine hour
Now, for 3,100 hours:
Variable overhead= 14.3*3,100= $44,330
Fixed overhead= $29,600
Total overhead= $73,930
A project with an initial cost of $27,250 is expected to generate cash flows of $6,600, $8,700, $9,100, $8,000, and $7,400 over each of the next five years, respectively. What is the project's payback period?
Answer:
It will take 4 years and 130 days to recover for the initial investment.
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
A project with an initial cost of $27,250 is expected to generate cash flows of $6,600, $8,700, $9,100, $8,000, and $7,400
The payback period is the time required to recover for the initial investment:
Year 1= 6,600 - 27,250= -20,650
Year 2= 8,700 - 20,650= -11,950
Year 3= 9,100 - 11,950= -2,850
Year 4= 8,000 - 2,850= 5,150
To be more accurate:
(2,850/8,000)*365= 130
It will take 4 years and 130 days to recover for the initial investment.
The current price of a certain non-dividend-paying stock is $120.00. The future 2 pri ce is characterized by the following probability distribution:
EVENT PROBABILITY FUTURE PRICE P RETURN R
A 0.18 $180 ?
B 0.09 $108 ?
C 0.3 $90 ?
D 0.25 $81 ?
E ? $225
Calculate [i] the expected future price, [ii] the return in each of the five events, and [iii] Calculate l the expected return. Recall that for a stock which does not pay dividends, return is just ain divided by the initial price. Expected return can be calculated in two ways:
[a]: You could calculate the return to be realized in each of the five events, and then calculate the expected value of the return, or,
[b]: You could calculate the expected price first, and then use the possible fact that:
E(R) = E(P)/Po - 1
Answer:
Non-Dividend-Paying Stock
i) Calculation of the expected future price:
EVENT PROBABILITY FUTURE PRICE P RETURN R
A 0.18 $180 $32.40
B 0.09 $108 $9.72
C 0.3 $90 $27.00
D 0.25 $81 $20.25
E 0.18 $225 $40.50
Total 1.0 $129.87 $129.87
Future price = the expected returns = $129.87
ii) Calculation of the return in each of the five events:
EVENT PROBABILITY FUTURE PRICE P RETURN R
A 0.18 $180 $32.40
B 0.09 $108 $9.72
C 0.3 $90 $27.00
D 0.25 $81 $20.25
E 0.18 $225 $40.50
iii) Calculation of the expected return:
EVENT PROBABILITY FUTURE PRICE P RETURN R
A 0.18 $180 $32.40
B 0.09 $108 $9.72
C 0.3 $90 $27.00
D 0.25 $81 $20.25
E 0.18 $225 $40.50
Total 1.0 $129.87
Explanation:
a) Data & Calculations:
EVENT PROBABILITY FUTURE PRICE P RETURN R
A 0.18 $180 ?
B 0.09 $108 ?
C 0.3 $90 ?
D 0.25 $81 ?
E ? $225
If stock A does not pay dividend, it will attract capital appreciation which compensates for the unpaid dividends since the company has increased assets over liabilities. When the assets grow more than the liabilities from the reinvestment of the profits, the net value of the business which is the equity increases. This capital growth belongs to the stockholders and is distributable to them in the form of the future price of the stock, which appreciates with the capital growth.
On January 31, 2016, Danvers Logistics, Inc., issued five-year, 7% bonds payable with a face value of $10,000,000. The bonds were issued at 96 and pay interest on January 31 and July 31. Danvers Logistics, Inc., amortizes bond discount by the straight-line method.
Record:
a. Issuance of the bonds on January 31, 2016.
b. The semiannual interest payment and amortization of bond discount on July 31, 2016.
c. The interest accrual and discount amortization on December 31, 2016.
Answer:
Journal entries are given below
Explanation:
Journal Entries
Requirement A: Issuance of the bonds on January 31, 2016.
Debit Credit
Cash (w) $9,600,000
Discount on bonds payable $400,000
Bonds payable $10,000,000
Working
Cash = 10,000,000*0.96 = $9,600,000
Discount on bonds payable = 10,000,000*0.04 = $400,000
Requirement B: The semiannual interest payment and amortization of bond discount on July 31, 2016.
Debit Credit
Interest expense $390,000
Cash (w) $350,000
Discount on bonds payable (w) $40,000
Working
Cash = 10,000,000x 0.07 x 6/12 = $350,000
Discount on bonds payable = 400000/(5months*2) = $40,000
Requirement C: The interest accrual and discount amortization on December 31, 2016.
Debit Credit
Interest expense $325,000
Cash (w) $291,666.67
Discount on bonds payable (w) $33333.33
Working
Cash = 10,000,000x 0.07 x 5months/12months = 291,666.67
Discount on bonds payable = 400,000/(5*2)*5/6 = 33,333.33
In the consensus case, what is Amazon's enterprise value on the valuation date using the exit multiple terminal value
Answer:
The exit multiple expect that the market different premise is a reasonable strategy for esteeming a business. The estimation of the business is gotten by duplicating money related measurements, for example, EBITDA or EBIT by a factor that is basic to practically identical organizations that were as of late procured. A fitting scope of products can be created by taking a gander at late equivalent acquisitions in the open market.
The various acquired is then increased by the anticipated EBIT or EBITDA in year N (last year of projection period) to give the future incentive toward the finish of year N. The future value (otherwise called terminal value) is then limited by a factor equivalent to the quantity of years in the projection time frame.
The worth got is then added to the current estimation of the free incomes to acquire the suggested venture esteem. For repetitive organizations where profit vacillate as per varieties in the economy, we utilize the normal EBITDA or EBIT over the span of the particular recurrent as opposed to the sum in year N in the projection time frame.
This implies an industry different is applied as opposed to applying a current numerous to consider the recurrent varieties of profit. On the off chance that investigators utilized a current numerous, the valuation would be influenced by financial cycles.
A Enterprise Value (EV) to Revenue Multiple is used to value a business by dividing its enterprise value by its annual revenue. The formula to calculate the Enterprise Value (EV) to Revenue Multiple is EV/Revenue
EV = Enterprise Value
EV can be denoted as (Equity Value + All Debt + Preferred Shares) – (Cash and Equivalents)
While Revenue = Total Annual Revenue
This can be calculated when we have a share price, shares outstanding, debt, and cash or its equivalence.
Company ABC is required to pay their customers $20,000 after 3 years. Based on an annual effective interest rate of 4%, Andy, the company’s actuary, uses full immunization strategy to construct a portfolio of assets using a 2-year zero-coupon bond and a 4-year zero-coupon bond. Calculate the par amount for the 2-year zero-coupon bond assuming full immunization is met.
Answer:
Par amount = $9,615.39
Explanation:
The condition that must hold in order to meet full immunization are as follows:
Condition 1: PV(assets) = PV(liabilities)
Condition 2: MD(assets) = MD(liabilities) or P'assets = P'liabilities
Condition 3: There is one asset cash inflow before the liability cash outflow, and there is also one asset cash inflow after the liability cash outflow.
Where PV denotes Present Value and MD denotes Macaulay Duration.
PV(liabilities) = Amount required to pay / (1 + i)^n ............ (1)
Where;
Amount required to pay = $20,000
i = interest rate = 4%
n = number of years after = 3 years
Substituting the values into equation (1), we have:
PV(liabilities) = $20,000 / (1 + 4%)^3 = 17,779.93
Let;
A = Weight of two-year-zero-coupon bond in the portfolio
n = Macaulay Duration of n-year-zero-coupon bond
Therefore, we can construct a portfolio of assets using a 2-year zero-coupon bond and a 4-year zero-coupon bond as follows:
A(2) + (1 – A)(4) = 3
2A + 4 – 4A = 3
2A – 4A = 3 – 4
-2A = - 1
A = -1/-2
A = 0.5
We can now calculate the par amount as follows:
Par amount = PV(liabilities) * A * (1 + i)^t .............. (2)
Where t = 2 as the duration of the bond
Substituting the values into equation (2), we have:
Par amount = 17,779.93 * 0.5 * (1 + 4%)^2
Par amount = 17,779.93 * 0.5 * 1.04^2
Par amount = 17,779.93 * 0.5 * 1.0816
Par amount = $9,615.39
Therefore, the par amount for the 2-year zero-coupon bond assuming full immunization is met is $9,615.39.
A company’s common stock has a market value of $63.18 per share and its next dividend is expected to be $3.26 per share. The stock’s beta is 1.2, the tax rate is 35%, and the market risk premium is 6.1% per year. The yield to maturity for the company’s long-term debt is 6.4% per year. If the riskiness of the company’s equity requires that it provide a risk premium of 3.2% per year over the yield on its long-term debt, what is the company’s annual cost of internal equity financing?
Answer:
Cost of equity = 9.6%
Explanation:
The cost of equity is the return a firm theoretically pays to its equity investors, In order to calculate the cost of equity here we need to add up the yield to maturity for the company's long term debt and the risk premium per year over the yield on its long term debt.
Solution
Cost of equity = Yield to maturity + Risk premium
Cost of equity = 6.4% + 3.2%
Cost of equity = 9.6%
Horse and Buggy Inc. is in a declining industry. Sales, earnings, and dividends are all shrinking at a rate of 10% per year. a. If r = 15% and DIV1 = $3, what is the value of a share?
Answer:
$12
Explanation:
The computation of the value of the share is shown below:
Value of the share is
= Dividend ÷ (Required rate of return - shrinking rate)
where,
The Dividend is $3
The Required rate of return is 15%
And the shrinking rate is 10%
Now placing these values to the above formula
= $3 ÷ (15% - (-10%)
= $3 ÷ 25%
= $12
Jordan is the marketing head of Hastings Comprehensive Systems. He usually strives for long-term improvement rather than short-term profit, regardless of the economic environment. In the context of Deming's 14 points of quality, this is an example of
Answer:
Create constancy of purpose
Explanation:
Deming 14 points of quality are recommended management strategy to transform business effectiveness.
Deming postulated that by increasing quality one is able to reduce cost and increase efficiency of a business.
The first of his 14 points is to create a constancy of purpose. This is achieved by striving for long-term improvement rather than short-term profit, as is done by Jordan in the given scenario.
The 14 points of Deming are given below:
Create a constancy of purpose
Adopt the new philosophy
Stop depending on inspections
Using a single supplier for one item
Improve constantly and forever
Use training on the job
Implement leadership
Eliminate fear
Breakdown barriers between departments
Get rid of unclear slogans
Eliminate management by objectives
Remove barriers to pride of workmanship
Implement education and self improvement
Make transformation everyone's job
In the context of early advertising, the invention of the _____ made advertising via posters, handbills, and signs possible.
Answer:
The printing press.
Explanation:
The printing press and its form of works are known to be an early age form that have been used and still in use for advertising. Advertisements of this form are seen in form of newspapers or magazines and are sometimes included as brochures or fliers. Write ups used in the print media to grab the attention of the specific target audience comes under the purview of print advertising.
Newspapers readers and also other publications methods have a tendency to browse the print ads that they come across. Moves to purchase these products could possibly not be instantaneous, but it does settle down in their subconscious mind. Next time they see the product in the market, they are tempted to buy it.
Choose three organizations that you believe have had the greatest impact on the current state of safety and health programs in the United States. Summarize the purpose of each organization, and discuss how you believe you can use these organizations to improve your ability to perform your duties as a safety and health professional.
The correct answer to this open question is the following.
The three organizations would be OSHA, NIOSH, and NACOSH.
OSHA stands for Occupational Safety and Health Administration. It tries to ensure that the workers labor under the proper safety and health conditions in their workplace.
NIOSH stands for the National Instituto for Occupational Safety and Health. This organization basically is dedicated to researching to know the working conditions of workers in America and make recommendations.
NACOSH stands for the National Advisory Committee on Occupational Safety and Health. It functions as an adviser or counselor to the Department of Labor on safety and security issues.
These three can definitely be used to improve my ability to perform my duties as a safety and health professional in that they include a series of recommendations, programs, and educational tips to be applied in the workplace and diminish the possibility of accidents or how to react in case of one.
Chuck has $2,500 invested in a bank that pays 4% annually. The length of time it will take for his funds to double is closest to:
Answer:
The answer is 17.67 years.
Explanation:
Present value is $2,500
Future value of the money to be double of the present value. This means the future value will be $5,000($2,500 x 2)
Interest rate is 4%
Number of years or periods to reach this $5,000 is unknown. So we are looking for this.
To compute this number of periods, lets use Financial calculator.
I/Y = 4; PV= -2,500; FV= 5,000; CPT N= 17.67 years.
Therefore, the number of years to accumulate to $5,000 is 17.67 years
ABC is a full-service technology company. They provide equipment, installation services as well as training. Customers can purchase any product or service separately or as a bundled package. Container Corporation purchased computer equipment, installation and training for a total cost of $144,000 on March 15, 2021. Estimated standalone fair values of the equipment, installation and training are $90,000, $60,000 and $30,000 respectively. The journal entry to record the transaction on March 15, 2021 will include a
Answer:
ABCJournal Entries:Debit Cash or Accounts Receivable (Container Corporation) $144,000
Credit Sales Revenue $72,000
Credit Installation Revenue $48,000
Credit Training Revenue $24,000
To record the sale of goods and services worth $144,000.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Performance Obligations and Contract Price:
Computer equipment = $90,000/$180,000 x $144,000 = $72,000
Installation = $60,000 x 0.80 = $48,000
Training = $30,000 x 0.80 = $24,000
Total purchase costs = $144,000
b) The performance obligations and the consideration prices are allocated accordingly based on their separate consideration values.
When a job analyst watches employees directly or reviews films of workers on the job, which analysis method is being used?
Answer:
Observation method
Explanation:
Through observation, this analyst collects data by watching the employees directly. This is participatory because the analyst has to involve himself in the work environment where this employees are in other to collect data. This method would allow the analyst to have more reliable insights. He would get data based on what the employees do rather than what the Employees tell him that they do.
On January 1, 2021, Kendall Inc. began construction of an automated cattle feeder system. The system was finished and ready for use on September 30, 2022. Expenditures on the project were as follows: January 1, 2021 $ 235,000 September 1, 2021 $ 342,000 December 31, 2021 $ 342,000 March 31, 2022 $ 342,000 September 30, 2022 $ 235,000 Kendall borrowed $764,000 on a construction loan at 7% interest on January 1, 2021. This loan was outstanding throughout the construction period. The company had $4,570,000 in 7% bonds payable outstanding in 2021 and 2022. Average accumulated expenditures for 2021 was:
Answer:
Average accumulated expenditures for 2021 was: $349,000.
Explanation:
Note: See the attached excel file for the calculation of the Average accumulated expenditures for 2021.
Average accumulated expenditures is calculated by adding the weighted average amount of each expenditure which is the product of the weight of each expenditure in a year and the amount of each expenditure. That is;
Weight of each expenditure = Number of relevant months the expenditure is used 2021 / 12 months
Weighted average amount of each expenditure = Weight of each expenditure * The amount of the expenditure
Concord Corporation has 8,800 shares of common stock outstanding. It declares a $3 per share cash dividend on November 1 to stockholders of record on December 1. The dividend is paid on December 31. Prepare the entries on the appropriate dates to record the declaration and payment of the cash dividend
Answer:
Declaration date:
Dr retained earnings $26400
Cr dividends payable $26400
Payment date:
Dr dividends payable $26400
Cr Cash $26400
Explanation:
Total dividend declared is the number of shares multiplied by cash dividend per share
total dividend=$3*8,800=$26400
On the record date no entries are required since record date, is just about verifying the bonafide shareholders.
On declaration date,dividends payable would be credited with $26,400 while retained earnings is debited.
On payment date,dividends payable is debited and cash credited
Ballpark has shares of par common stock outstanding. Ballpark announces a stock split of for1. What is the effect of the split?
Answer:
The answer is 'it increases the number of shares outstanding'
Explanation:
Stock split increases the number of shares outstanding. It causes dilution of earnings per share.
For example, ABC Inc. has 50,000 shares outstanding and it announces a stock split of 3-for- 1.
This means that any shareholder that has 1 will exchange that 1 share for 3 shares. So at the end of the stock split the total number of shares outstanding will be 150,000 shares (50,000 x 3)
n January 1, 1987, three 100 par value bonds with 6% annual coupons will mature at the end of 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. The redemption value of each bond is 100. You are given that the prices for these bonds on January 1, 1987 are: Maturity Date Price December 31, 1987 101.92 December 31, 1988 102.84 December 31, 1989 105.51 These prices are based on an interest rate of i in 1987, j in 1988, and k in 1989. Determine j.
Answer:
j = 4.52%
Explanation:
face value = $100, with 6% annual coupons
bond₁ matures in 1 year (December 31, 1987), market price $101.92
bond₂ matures in 2 years (December 31, 1988), market price $102.84
bond₃ matures in 3 years (December 31, 1989), market price $105.51
we must determine the market interest rate (j) for bond₂, and to do this we will use the approximate yield to maturity formula:
YTM = {coupon + [(face value - market price)/n]} / [(face value + market price)/2]
YTM = {6 + [(100 - 102.84)/2]} / [(100 + 102.84)/2] = 4.58 / 101.42 = 0.045158 = 4.52%
Since the bonds are sold at a premium, it means that the coupon rate is higher than the market rate.
Compare and contrast the following forms of business organization: sole proprietorship,general partnership,limited liability company,and corporation as to ease of formation,liability of owners,management,and tax implications.
Answer:
Find the explanation below.
Explanation:
1. Sole Proprietorship is owned by a single person or a married couple.
a. Ease of formation: This business is very easy to form because owners are not required to have legal documentation for the business to begin operation.
b. Liability of Owners: Owners are personally liable for the success or failure of the business. This means that they bear the cost of whatever debt or losses that are incurred in the business and can be sued for it.
c. Management: The owner makes all the management decisions that could affect the business. He sets the time when his business can be run as well as the prices for his products.
d. Tax Implications: They fill out Schedule C where they calculate the profit and loss from their business. They declare their income in Standard Form 1040 and they are subject to Self-employment tax.
2. General Partnership is a business agreement between to or more owners.
a. Ease of Formation: It is quite easy to start this business because little or no legal documentation is required to kick-start the business.
b. Liability: All partners are liable for debts and losses incurred in the business.
c. Management Decisions: The management decisions are made by the general partners. This affords them a measure of flexibility.
d. Tax implications: Income tax is not paid rather, a separate tax return form is filed.
3. Limited Liability Company: These business entities are run by two or more business partners.
a. Ease of Formation: It is relatively easy to form because it is governed by state rules and regulations which must be adhered to by the business owners.
b. Liability: There is a limited liability as just the business assets can be withheld when there is a legal battle. Personal assets of partners can not be withheld.
c. Management Decisions: There could be a member-managed LLC where members make decisions in the business or a manager-managed LLC one or two non-members are employed to manage the business and make business decisions therein.
d. Taxation: Taxation is done once and profits realized are passed through to the personal income taxes of the members.
4. Corporations are set up by a group of businesspeople.
a. Ease of Formation: They are not easy to form as proper documentation which is governed by state laws must be adhered to.
b. Liability: There is a limited liability as shareholders are not held accountable for the debts and losses of the corporation.
c. Management: There are directors of the corporation who are elected by the shareholders, They make decisions for the corporation. Business officers are also appointed.
d. Tax Implications: There are lots of taxation requirements for which the corporation might seek advice from a taxation advisor to prevent double taxation.
Suppose that the income tax rate is reduced by the federal government and simultaneously a recession hits causing the economy to move below its potential output, this will:
Answer:
Raise both the cyclical and structural deficits
Explanation:
During economic downturn the cyclical deficit will rise, leading to rise in already structural deficit of federal government. The Structural deficit arises when government continue to spend more than its revenue, and thus cyclical deficit will add upward pressure in structural deficit.
Therefore there will be Raise in both the cyclical and structural deficits
Suppose purchasing power parity holds. If the price level in the United States is 100 dollars per good and the price level in Japan is 250 yen per good, then the nominal exchange rate is ________ yen per dollar.
Answer: 2.5 Yen
Explanation;
The Economic theory of Purchasing Power Parity when held, believes that prices of goods in different countries are the same if their exchange rates are taken into account.
For the above therefore it means that the price of the good is the same in both the US and Japan barring exchange rates.
Exchange rate is;
$100 = ¥250
$1 = 250/100
$1 = ¥2.5
Exchange rate is 2.5 yen per dollar.
