The empirical formula of the compound is C3H6O
Number moles of carbon nc = 62.04/12 = 5.17
Number of moles of hydrogen nH = 10.41/1 = 10.41
Number of moles of Oxygen no = 27.55/16 = 1.72
Divide the number of moles by 1.72
nc = 5.17/1.72 = 3
nH = 10.41/1.72 = 6.05
no = 1.72/1.72 = 1
The empirical formula of the compound is C3H6O
The most straightforward whole number ratio of atoms in a compound is its empirical formula. The empirical formula of sulfur monoxide, abbreviated SO, and disulfuric dioxide, abbreviated S2O2, are two straightforward examples of this idea. As a result, the empirical formula for sulfur monoxide and disulfur dioxide, two compounds made of sulfur and oxygen, is the same. Their molecular formulae, which represent how many atoms are present in each molecule of a chemical compound, are different.
The number of atoms or their arrangement are not mentioned in an empirical formula. Many ionic chemicals, such calcium chloride (CaCl2), and macromolecules, like silicon dioxide, adhere to this criterion (SiO2)
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26. Which element has the lowest ionization energy?
bromine (Br)
beryllium (Be)
nitrogen (N)
calcium (Ca)
place the steps for predicting the products of a rxn in order. question 2 options: balance the skeleton equation and add state symbols (when applicable) to create a complete balanced equation write all reactants in ion notation. bond all the ions, reactants and products, to produce a skeleton equation according to the pattern the reactants predict, move the ions only to the correct arrangement as products.
The products of a rxn in order:
1. Balance the skeleton equation and add state symbols (when applicable) to create a complete balanced equation
2. Write all reactants in ion notation.
3. Bond all the ions, reactants and products, to produce a skeleton equation
4. According to the pattern the reactants predict, move the ions only to the correct arrangement as products.
1. Balance the skeleton equation and add state symbols (when applicable) to create a complete balanced equation.
2. Write all reactants in ion notation.
3. Bond all the ions, reactants and products, to produce a skeleton equation.
4. According to the pattern the reactants predict, move the ions only to the correct arrangement as products.
For example, if the reactants are NH4+ and OH- and the predicted products are NH3 and H2O, the skeleton equation would be NH4+ + OH- --> NH3 + H2O.
The process of moving the ions to the correct positions would then be: NH4+ + OH- --> NH4OH --> NH3 + H2O.
5. Once the ions are in the correct positions, double check that the equation is balanced by counting the number of atoms on both sides of the equation (i.e. the number of nitrogen atoms must be the same on both sides, the number of hydrogen atoms must be the same on both sides, and the number of oxygen atoms must be the same on both sides).
6. Move the ions only to the correct arrangement as products: Move the ions to the correct positions to form the products of the reaction. Make sure that the number of atoms on each side of the equation are equal and the state.
7. If the equation is balanced, you have successfully predicted.
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1. Use the word bank to fill in the missing words in the sentences below. cathode non-spontaneous reduction acid anode coulomb electrolysis Faraday negative oxidation positive power source spontaneous (0/1pts) is the process of using electrical energy to cause a non-spontaneous reaction to occur. a. electrolysis (-1 pts) Incorrect (0/1pts) b. In an electrolytic cell oxidation occurs at the Choose... (-1 pts) Incorrect (0/1pts) c. In an electrolytic cell reduction occurs at the Choose... (-1 pts) Incorrect (0/1pts) d. In the electrochemical reaction studied today, H* from was reduced to hydrogen gas Choose... (0/1pts) e. When the total cell potential is a positive value, this indicates that the electrochemical reaction is power source (1 pts) Incorrect (0/1pts) f. The represents the amount of electrical charge carried by one mole of electrons. Faraday (-1 pts) Incorrect (0/1pts) g. The power source supplies the energy necessary for a reaction to Choose... occur. (-1 pts) Incorrect.
1. (a) Electrolysis Cause a non- is the process of using ·Spontane electrical energy to cause a non Spontane reaction to occur.
Explanation: direct current is to an electrochemical soupe cell, a reaction that is When normally nonspontaneous can be made to proceed the process is called electrolysis. energy provides electrons for carrying applied externally and The Source of electrical the reaction in a nonspontaneous direction.
1) b) Oxidation always occurs in Anode, in any cell, Whether it would be an electrochemical cell or a galvanic cell. The only difference is the charge, in electrochemical- The cell-cell anode is +vely charged and Cathode is the -ve charged.
so, in an Anode electrolytic cell Oxidation, occurs at the Anode
1) C) reduction always occurs in Cathode for all types of cells. In an electrolytic, all reduction occurs at Cathode
1)(d) Acid releases H+ in Solution, in electro- chemicaly reation, eg, Hcl → H⁺ + c H+ reduce at the cathode to form H₂ gas.
H+ e(⁻) -> 1/2 H2 (g) ↑ 60,
In the electrochemical reaction, studied today, H(+) from Acid Was reduced to hydrogen gas.
1(e) cell potential (E), Δve = - NFE Δve Gibbs Free energy, For Spontaneous reaction to occur, she has to be negative, There for E has to be positive
So, when the total cell potential is a positive value, this Indicates that the Positive electrochemical reaction is Positive.
1) (f) Faraday, represents the amount of electric charge Carried by one mole of electrons.
F (Faraday) = 96500 e/mol Number of electrons per mole, ie Avogrode number Charge of electron 6.023x1023 6.24 X1018 = 96500 C/mol F
1) g) when Δve of a reaction is positive, then the reaction becomes nonspontaneous, i.e. reaction does not occur spontaneously. Therefore we have to add that amount to the System energy that Can drive that reaction to occur.
So, The Power source supplies the energy necessary For a non-spontaneous reaction to occur.
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determine the direction of electron flow and label the anode and the cathode. label each electrode as negative or positive.
the direction of electron flow and labelling anode and the cathode are: At anode is where oxidation takes place, that is Cr(s) Cr3+(aq) +3e- this is the oxidation .
At cathode is where reduction takes place, Fe3+(aq)+3e- Fe(s).This is the reduction Cell reaction is Cr(s) Cr3+(aq)+3e- where E°-0.73V Fe3+(aq)+3e- Fe(s) where E°= -0.036V Cr(s) +Fe3+(aq) Cr3(aq)+Fe(s) E°cell=0.69V Cell reaction for Cr(s) +Fe3+(aq)→ Cr3+(aq) + Fe(s) is E cell is 0.69V. What happens would be that electrons flow from the negative terminal thru the loop and into the gate electrode of the origin. Current flows and particle flow are both employed. An electrode is a strong insulating material that conduct electric current through nonmetals solids, liquids, gases, plasmas, or vacuums. The anode is indeed the electrode into which electrons flow. The cathode is indeed the electrode out of which electricity is given or flows. Typically, the anode is on the positive side. A cathode is a drawback.
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A chemical reaction with a single reactant has a rate constant of 0.1161 s-1. How
long (in seconds) does it take for the reaction to be 72.6% complete? How do you solve this problem?
Ans: 11.2%
Answer: o solve this problem, we need to use the equation for the rate of a chemical reaction with a single reactant:
rate = k[reactant]
where k is the rate constant, [reactant] is the concentration of the reactant, and rate is the rate of the reaction.
The goal of the problem is to determine how long it takes for the reaction to be 72.6% complete. We can express this as a percentage of the reactant being consumed: 100% - 72.6% = 27.4% of the reactant remains.
We can rearrange the rate equation to solve for time:
time = (1/rate) * (1 - (27.4/100))
Substituting in the given values, we have:
time = (1/0.1161 s-1) * (1 - (27.4/100))
= 8.66 s
Therefore, it takes approximately 8.66 seconds for the reaction to be 72.6% complete.
Note: It is important to make sure to use consistent units when solving this problem. In this case, the rate constant is given in seconds, so the time unit should also be in seconds.
certain types of cancer treatment involve chemicals that disrupt the formation of microfilaments. such chemicals most likely interfere with
Certain types of cancer treatment involve chemicals that disrupt the formation of microfilaments. such chemicals most likely interfere with the Formation of the mitotic spindle.
Chemotherapeutic drugs target cells in various stages of the cell cycle. Understanding how these drugs work helps doctors predict which drugs work well together. Physicians can also plan the frequency of administration of each drug based on cell-phase timing.
Drugs that inhibit mitosis appear to act through a common mechanism of suppressing microtubule dynamics and killing tumor cells. Paclitaxel and vinca alkaloids are the first class of antimitotic agents discovered to inhibit cancer cell growth. Microtubules residing in the cytoplasm begin to depolymerize more rapidly as cells pass through prophase.
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write short note about acid nomenclature
Acids
There are various definitions for an acid. The simplest description of an acid is a chemical molecule with one or more hydrogen atoms that, when dissolved in water, gives forth hydronium ions (H3O+).
Because acids are molecular, they do not assume the expanded three-dimensional structures of ionic substances like NaCl and remain single molecules in their pure form. However, when these molecules are dissolved in water, a positively charged anion and a hydronium ion are produced as a result of the chemical connection between the hydrogen atom and the remainder of the molecule breaking. An equation involving chemicals can represent this:
HCl+H2O→H3O++Cl−
In an inorganic acid's formula, the H of the acid is written first. After the acid dissolves, the anion is all that is left of the acid (apart from the H). Although a significant class of chemicals, organic acids are not covered in this article.
Acid Names
Since all acids contain hydrogen, an acid's name is determined by the anion that it is associated with. These anions come in monatomic and polyatomic forms.
Binary acid names (in aqueous form)
An acid that contains hydrogen and another element is referred to as a binary acid. The majority of binary acids have a halogen in them. The prefix hydro- is used to start an acid name, which is then followed by the base name of the anion and the suffix -ic.
Oxyacids name
An oxyacid is an acid made up of three elements: hydrogen, oxygen, and another one. Typically, the third element is a nonmetal.
a) Oxyanions with the -ite end.
The anion's root is followed by the suffix -ous to form the name of the acid. No prefix is present.
b)Oxyanions that end in -ate.
The anion's root and the suffix -ic are used to identify the acid. No prefix is present.
In conclusion
Acids are molecular substances that discharge hydrogen ions.
The two elements hydrogen and the other make up a binary acid.
Hydrogen, oxygen, and another element are all present in oxyacids.
The anion that is bound to the hydrogen provides the basis for the acid's name.
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Formula fo chemical compound? Copper(1) hypochlorite
The structure of the Copper(1) hypochlorite is ClCuO.
What is the chemical formula?We know that the chemical formula has to do with the way that we are able to show the compound or indeed any other chemical specie on paper. In this case we have the compound that has been shown as Copper(1) hypochlorite.
It should be known that in the IUPAC nomenclature, the name of the compound must be such that we can be able to write the structure of the compound from the name of the compound. This is applied in writing the structure of any compound.
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Suppose the galvanic cell sketched below is powered by the following reaction: Mg(s)+ SnSO 4(aq) → MgSO4(aq)+ Sn(s) er E1 E2 S1 S2 Write a balanced equation for the half-reaction Write a balanced equation for the half-reaction that happens at the anode of this cell Of what substance is E1 made? Of what substance is E2 made? What are the chemical species in solution S1? What are the chemical species in solution S2?
The balanced chemical equation is, Mg(s)+ SnSO4 (aq.) → MgSO4(aq.)+ Sn(s) .
The half cell reactions are, Sn2+(aq.) + 2e- -----> Sn(s) and Mg(s) ----> Mg2+(aq.) + 2e-
A Half cell reaction is expressed either as an oxidation reaction in which electrons are lost or a reduction reaction where electronic are gained. The reactions occur in an electrochemical cell in which the electrons are lost at the anode through oxidation and consumed at the cathode where the reduction occurs. Half-cell reactions are useful in galvanic and voltaic cells in which the electrons flow from the anode to the cathode through an electrolyte to produce an electromotive force (EMF).
Half cell Reaction at cathode : Reduction
Sn2+(aq.) + 2e- -----> Sn(s)
Half- cell reaction at anode : Oxidation
Mg(s) ----> Mg2+(aq.) + 2e-
E1 is made of Mg
E2 is made of Sn
Chemical species in solution S1 are Mg2+ and SO42- .
Chemical species in solution S2 are Sn2+ and SO42-
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The table compares some characteristics of two atoms.
Charged Particles
Atom Number of Neutrons Mass Number
X 4 7
Y 5 9
Use the table to determine the number of protons for each atom. Then, choose the statement below that is true about the two atoms.
Atoms X and Atom Y are in the same family.
Atom X is in a column to the right of Atom Y on the periodic table.
Atom X and Atom Y are in the same row on the periodic table.
Atoms X and Atom Y are isotopes.
The statement that is true about the elements;
Atom X and Atom Y are in the same row on the periodic table. Option C
What is the periodic table?We know that the periodic table has to do with an arrangement of the elements in an order that is systematic. As such, when we look at the periodic table, we are looking at a systematization of the elements in a way that it is quite easy for us to be able to identify the elements.
Now we know that the mass number is the sum of the atomic number which in turn is the proton number and the number of the neutrons in the atom.
We know that the atomic number is what would tell us the group to which the element has been found to belong and in this case we can see that element X is just right to element Y in the periodic table.
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Which of the following phase changes involves the transfer of heat from the surroundings to the system?
A
CH4(g)→CH4(l)CH4(g)→CH4(l), because CH4CH4 molecules in the gas phase must absorb energy in order to move closer together, thereby increasing the intermolecular attractions in the solid state.
B
CO2(g)→CO2(s)CO2(g)→CO2(s), because CO2CO2 molecules in the gas phase must absorb energy in order to move closer together, thereby increasing the intermolecular attractions in the liquid state.
C
H2O(l)→H2O(s)H2O(l)→H2O(s), because H2OH2O molecules in the liquid phase must absorb energy in order to create a crystalline structure with strong intermolecular attractions in the solid state.
D
NH3(l)→NH3(g)NH3(l)→NH3(g), because NH3NH3 molecules in the liquid phase must absorb energy in order to overcome their intermolecular attractions and become free gas molecules.
Because NH3 molecules in the liquid phase require energy to overcome their intermolecular interactions and transform into free gas molecules, this expression reads NH3(l)— NH3(g). Heat is transferred from the environment to the system during phase shifts.
Ammonia has the chemical formula NH3 and is a colourless gas.Nitrogen and hydrogen make up its composition. Its name in aqueous form is ammonium hydroxide. This inorganic substance smells strongly. It is hazardous and corrosive in its concentrated form. Ammonia has a density of 0.769 kg/m3 at STP, making it lighter than air. It is frequently employed as fertiliser. Additionally, it is employed in the production of explosives like TNT and nitrocelluloseAdditionally, it is employed in the manufacture of soda ash and the Ostwald process to produce nitric acid. A strong alkali, such as sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide 2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 → CaCl2 + 2H2O + 2NH3(g) is heated with an ammonium salt, such as ammonium chloride NH4Cl, to produce ammonia (g)
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A 59.4 g sample of polystyrene, which has a specific heat capacity of 1.880 J.g ·°C , is put into a calorimeter (see sketch at right) that contains 200.0 g of water. The temperature of the water starts off at 19.0 °C. When the temperature of the water stops changing it's 27.7 °C. The pressure remains constant at 1 atm. Calculate the initial temperature of the polystyrene sample. Be sure your answer is rounded to 2 significant digits.
The polystyrene sample weighs 57.3 grammes in total. We made the assumption in this case that the heat given off by the hot body is equal to the heat absorbed by the cold body temperature.
We made the assumption in this case that the heat given off by the hot body is equal to the heat absorbed by the cold body temperature.
where, = the polystyrene's specific heat
C = water's specific heat
T = polystyrene mass
M = 100.0 g of water mass
T1 is the system's end temperature, while I is the polystyrene's starting temperature.
F is the water's starting temperature.
The weight of the polystyrene is 59.6 g (mpmp).
Once you've entered all the values into the formula above, you'll obtain
Consequently, the polystyrene sample weighs 57.3 grammes.
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Which of the following best describes the oxidation process1) in the oxidation process all elements experience an increase in oxidation state2) in the oxidation process all elements change oxidation state3) in the oxidation process some elements change their oxidation state4) in the oxidation process some elements experience oxidation state increase5) In the oxidation process only oxygen increases its oxidation state.
If chemical signals in the cytoplasm control the progression of a cell to the M phase of the cell cycle, then fusion of a cell in G1 with a cell in early M phase would most likely result in the ___condensation of chromatin in preparation of nuclear division in both cells.
If chemical signals in the cytoplasm control the progression of a cell to the M phase of the cell cycle, then fusion of a cell in G1 with a cell in early M phase would most likely result in the condensation of chromatin in preparation of nuclear division in both cells.
The cytoplasm is the dispersed phase fluid that surrounds the inside of the cell. It acts as a catalyst for biochemical processes. It serves as a foundation on such what other organs can function inside the cell. Every one of the features for cellular growth, economic expansion and reproduction are decided to carry out in the cytoplasm of a cell. Chromatin is a DNA and protein mixture that forms the chromatids unearthed in the mitochondria of humans as well as other higher organisms. Many proteins, particularly histones, package the huge quantity of DNA in a genetic code into a highly condensed package that can fit inside the cell nucleus.
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As a means of distinguishing one individual from another through DNA typing, genetics focus on ______, which are non-coding regions of the DNA.
Genetics focus on short tandem repeats in the DNA, that are non-coding regions.
DNA is a genetic material of human beings, plants and animals. It serves an of carrying information for survival, growth, development, immunity, digestion, metabolism and other significant processes. Besides, it is unique among each individual and hence can be utilised for identification.
DNA typing or fingerprinting is known by several other names. At a specific locus, there repeated units of nitrogenous bases. However, the number varies which can be detected to identify the family relationship, parentage, identity and transplantation.
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Which of the following processes are exothermic? Select all that apply. A) melting of ice cubes B) freezing of water into ice C) melting of iron D) sodium hydroxide dissolving in water producing a hot solution E) condensation of water vapor into rain droplets
The exothermic processes are;
freezing of water into ice
sodium hydroxide dissolving in water producing a hot solution
condensation of water vapor into rain droplets
What is an exothermic reaction?We know that an exothermic reaction has to do with the kind of reaction that involves the loss of energy. This implies that energy is given out by the system.
In this case we would look for the kind of processes in which the temperature would increase at the end of the process much higher than it was at the beginning of the process.
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Identify each statement as True or False. a) The value of K_w applies to any aqueous solution, not just pure water b) Ions that appear on both sides of an equation but undergo no change in a reaction are called spectator ions. c) An aqueous solution containing an equal number of moles of NaF and HF in an aqueous solution is an example of a buffer solution. d) A solution containing a low concentration HCl is a weak acid.
Identify each statement as True or False a) True b) True c) True d) False Not just pure water, but all aqueous solutions are subject to the equilibrium constant Kw.
In pure water, the concentrations of the hydronium and hydroxide ions are identical, making the solution neutral. Based on how much they ionise in water, acids and bases are categorised as strong or weak. - Salt and water are typically produced when acids and bases react. When the amount of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions are equilibrium in moles, neutralisation takes place. The weak acid neutralises the base when it is introduced to the mixture.
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which of the pairs of compounds below is most likely to form a solution when mixed? view available hint(s)for part a which of the pairs of compounds below is most likely to form a solution when mixed? heptane (c7h16) and acetonitrile (h3ccn) water and ammonia (nh3) sodium chloride (nacl) and pentane (c5h12) ammonia (nh3) and isooctane (c8h18)
Answer:
water and ammonia (nh3)
Explanation:
NH3 + H2O => NH4OH
A large flask was found to contain 22.4 L of a gas. The gas turned out to be carbon dioxide. How many moles of carbon dioxide were in
the flask?
mol
Answer: 1 mol .
Explanation:
At STP ; 1 mol of a gas contains a volume of 22.4 L (liters).
During chemistry lab, one lab group decomposes potassium chlorate to collect oxygen gas by water displacement. The total volume is 220 milliliters and is collected at a pressure of 101 kPa at 24°C. The vapor pressure of water at 24°C is found to be 2.98 kPa.
What is the pressure of the oxygen collected?
A 104.28 kPa
B 101.20 kPa
C 98.2 kPa
D 98.02 kPa
According to Dalton's law of partial pressure, the pressure of the oxygen collected is 98.02 kPa.
What is pressure?Pressure is defined as the force applied on an object perpendicular to it's surface per unit area over which it is distributed.Gauge pressure is a pressure which is related with the ambient pressure.
There are various units by which pressure is expressed most of which are derived units which are obtained from unit of force divided by unit of area . The SI unit of pressure is pascal .
In this case, pressure of the oxygen collected is obtained by Dalton's law of partial pressure, as 101-2.98=98.02 kPa.
Thus, the pressure of the oxygen collected is 98.02 kPa.
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Using the glaucoma winged gull or the bald eagle as an example explain how the diet of each is affected by other disappearance.
Since the majority of the prey consumed by Bald Eagles in this ecosystem comes from nearby marine communities, we predicted that the recent decline in otter populations would have a negative indirect impact on Bald Eagle diets and demography.
What is diet?In nutrition, diet is the sum of food consumed by a person or other organism. Despite what we had anticipated, we found no changes in the density of breeding pairs on four islands between 1993-1994 and 2000-2002.
Bald eagles can find fish, their main source of food, nearby rivers, lakes, and marshes where they live. However, as their numbers increase, bald eagles are extending their range and even building nests in cities. Waterfowl, turtles, rabbits, snakes, other small animals, and carrion are among the other things that bald eagles eat.
Bald Eagle diets, however, underwent significant changes between the two time periods, likely as a result of changes in prey availability brought on by the rise and subsequent decline in sea otter populations.
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which of the equations below can be used to solve for the temperature at which a reaction becomes spontaneous?Choose one: -(AG-AS) AH -(AG-AH) -(AG+AH) AS AG I AH - AS
The correct equation for solving for the temperature at which a reaction becomes spontaneous is AH - AS.
This equation is based on the equation for Gibbs Free Energy, which states that AG = AH - TS. In this equation, AG is the Gibbs Free Energy, AH is the enthalpy, T is temperature, and S is the entropy.
Therefore, if one knows the enthalpy and the entropy of a reaction, then one can calculate the temperature at which the reaction becomes spontaneous by subtracting the entropy from the enthalpy. This is because, at a given temperature, a reaction is spontaneous if the Gibbs Free Energy is negative.
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A photon of light hits the
electron in the image. What-
happens to the electron,
assuming there is enough
energy?
Answer:
When a photon of light hits an electron, the photon transfers some of its energy to the electron. If the photon has enough energy, it can excite the electron, which means that it can raise the electron to a higher energy state. In other words, the photon's energy can be absorbed by the electron, causing the electron to move to a higher energy level within an atom or molecule.
Answer:
Explanation:
As we know that in the photoelectric effect, a low-energy gamma photon that collides with an atom can tranfer all its energy to an inner orbital electron and cause the ejection of the ELECTRON FROM THE ATOM
The amount of energy required to eject the electrons depends upon on the atomic number.
the mass of a mixture containing both rice and navy beans was found to be 143.85 g. the rice grains were separated from the navy beans by putting the mixture through a large strainer (the small rice grains fell through the holes, the larger navy beans did not). the mass of the rice that separated out was 4.65 g. use the results of the above experiment to estimate the number of rice grains and navy beans in the mixture.
Based on the mass of the mixtures and the masses of the rice grains and the navy beans;
The number of grains of rice in the mixture is 160 grains
The number of navy beans in the mixture is 2282 navy beans
What is the mass of the heavy beans?The mass of the navy beans is obtained from the mass of the mixture of the rice and navy beans.
The mass of the navy beans is obtained using the formula below:
Mass of navy beans = mass of mixture - mass of the rice grains
The mass of the mixture of the rice and navy beans = 143.85 g
The mass of the rice grains = 4.65 g
assuming the mass of a single grain of rice is 0.029 grams
The number of grains of rice = 4.65 / 0.029
The number of grains of rice in the mixture = 160 grains
Assuming the mass of a single navy bean is 0.0601 g
The number of navy beans = (143.85 - 4.65) / 0.061
The number of navy beans = 2282 navy beans
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2Na3N + 3Ca(OH)2 →Ca3N2 + 6NaOH
If you have 448.2 g of calcium hydroxide how many grams of sodium hydroxide can be
formed?
Answer:
3Ca(OH)2 = 3(40+2(16+1))
= 222
448.2 ÷ 222 = 2.02mol
6NaOH = 6(23+16+1)
= 240
240 × 2.02mol = 484.5 g
study this chemical reaction: ca(s) zncl2(aq)zn(s)cacl2(aq) then, write balanced half-reactions describing the oxidation and reduction that happen in this reaction
This chemical reaction: ca(s) zncl2(aq)zn(s)cacl2(aq) then, balanced half-reactions describing the oxidation and reduction that happen in this reaction is Ca (s) + ZnCl2 (aq) ---> Zn (s) + CaCl2 (aq).
When the substrate's oxidation states change, a chemical reaction known as redox (reduction-oxidation) takes place. Reduction occurs when electrons are obtained or the oxidation state drops; oxidation occurs when electrons are lost or the oxidation state increases. There are two types of redox reactions: During an electron transfer, only one electron (usually) travels from the reducing agent to the oxidant. This type of redox reaction is frequently discussed in terms of redox couples and electrode potentials. When one substrate gives way to another, an atom transfers. When iron rusts, for example, oxygen's oxidation state decreases as it receives electrons released by the iron, while the oxidation state of the iron atoms increases as the iron transforms into an oxide. Despite the fact that oxidation processes are typically related to the generation of oxides, other chemical species can carry out the same function. To weaken C=C (and other) bonds, hydrogen atoms are exchanged during hydrogenation.
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There are several variations of the Aldol reaction. Which of the following types ofreactants leads to only one possible product with the Aldol condensation reaction?A) Two different aldehydes with alfa-hydrogens are able to form a single aldolcondensation product.B) Two different ketones with alfa-hydrogens are able to form a single aldolcondensation product.C) Any aldehyde and ketone mixed together can react to form a single condensationproduct.D) Any pair of aldehyde or ketone reactants where one of the reactants has no alfa-hydrogens will lead to a single aldol product.
Option D; Any pair of aldehyde or ketone reactants where one of the reactants has no alfa-hydrogens will lead to a single aldol product.
Aldehydes are carbonyl compounds that are produced both naturally and artificially and are present everywhere in the environment. Aldehydes are reactive species, therefore naturally, they are hazardous to the body. Any member of the family of organic compounds known as an aldehyde contains a carbon atom that also shares a single bond with a hydrogen atom, a double bond with an oxygen atom, and a double bond with another atom or group of atoms (designated R in general chemical formulas and structure diagrams). All aldehydes have what is known as the carbonyl group, a double bond between carbon and oxygen. Many aldehydes have pleasant aromas, and in theory, they are created by dehydrogenating (removing hydrogen) alcohols, which is how the word "aldehyde" originated.
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For the reaction of X (represented by circles) and Y (represented by squares), the rate law has been determined to be: rate=k[X][Y]^2.Which of the following will produce the fastest rate for the reaction?ABCD
Ozone decomposes to oxygen according to the equation 2O₃(g)⟶3O₂(g). Create the equation that ties the rate expressions for this reaction to the creation of oxygen and the disappearance of O₃.
Given that there are more reactants in a given volume of space, increasing the concentration of reactants improves the likelihood that they will collide in the proper direction. As a result, the reactions rate would increase if the reactants were concentrated more. more often with each other. As a result, the reaction progresses more quickly as the temperature rises. Since the molecules will have less kinetic energy, travel more slowly, and collide less frequently as a result of a lower temperature, the rate of reaction will also be reduced.
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Do you think that solids can undergo convection? Explain.
Answer:
it's not possible for a solid material to transfer heat through convection.
Explanation:
This would require more movement within the material, than a solid is capable of.
This brings us to liquids and gases.
Based on your answers to your group report: Rank the relative viscosity and vapor pressure of the substances: methane (CH4), pentane, and polyethylene polyethylene lowest viscosity and higes Choose ] lowest viscosity and higest vapor pressure highest viscosity and highest vapor pressure lowest viscosity and lowest vapor pressure. highest viscosity and lowest vapor pressure intermediate viscosity and intermediate vapor pressure I Choose ]methane pentane
Rank the relative viscosity and vapor pressure of the substances Paraffin, hexadecane, octane, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane,methane.
In addition to being a fuel or fuel component for diesel and tractor engines, paraffin is frequently utilized as a fuel for jet engines and rockets. These are some typical applications for paraffin: Paraffin wax, a white or colorless soft solid that is used as a lubricant, in candles, crayons, electrical insulation, and petroleum jelly, is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons that is especially obtained from distillates of wood, coal, petroleum, or shale oil. It is primarily used in coating and sealing, candles, rubber compounding, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Consuming excessive amounts of paraffin might result in intestinal blockage, which can bring on symptoms including nausea, vomiting, and constipation. An individual with a dye allergy could get tongue swelling if the paraffin contains that dye.
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