Why did southern planters switch from using indentured servants to using slaves? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
1) Slaves could be controlled more easily than other workers.
2) Indentured servants were charging high fees for their labor.
3) Many former indentured servants had participated in a rebellion.
4) Slaves could do other jobs like shoeing horses or cooking.

Answers

Answer 1
All of the above

They all suit the southern planters, and I wouldn’t put it past a southerner to hold a grudge against a former rebel

Hope this helped ♥︎
Answer 2

The southern planters switch from using indentured servants to using slaves are -

Slaves could be controlled more easily than other workers.Many former indentured servants had participated in a rebellion.Slaves could do other jobs like shoeing horses or cooking.

What are indentured servants?

When an individual is hired on contract as labor to work and and not supposed to provide any remuneration for the work being done is called an indentured servant. He is provided with clothing and food to survive in place of funds.

Switching from indentured servants to using slaves is considered a good opportunity as the workers who got freed from the contact demanding lands to work.

The slaves are considered a valuable and neverending source of employment, and the transformation from indentured servants to black slaves had begun.

Indentured servants are available for fixed duration of times whereas the slaves are available with their services for greater duration of time.

Learn more about indentured servants, here;

https://brainly.com/question/4850869

#SPJ5


Related Questions

What did this person do to be considered a hero? In your answer, you should list at least three actions and briefly explain the effects. You might need to find outside sources to answer this question. Be sure to list the sources that you consulted during your research.

Answers

Answer is given below

Explanation:

Nelson Mandela deserves to be called a hero because he abolished apartheid and abolished apartheid. He first received the Peace Prize in 1994 as President for his efforts to remove racial barriers.ref: The Nobel Peace Prize 1993 ( Presentation Speech )Mandela was arrested and imprisoned for 27 years in a heroic ceremony to overthrow a racist government that supported whites. Mandela was released by President FW de Kilak, who became his political ally, in the wake of the racial war that was raging in South Africa. ref : National and Provincial elections in South Africa  2nd June 1999 )

He was a well-known philanthropist and founded the Nelson Mandela Foundation, which promoted justice and equality. His increased awareness against the disease, helping children and families living with AIDS, and requesting the government to increase the number of antiretroviral treatment centers, his foundation in the fight against AIDS is also significant, as they have seen the potential of the drug medicine and the potential for it. Fight HIV AIDSref: 3 Way Nelson Mandela Fought AIDS ( Candace Y.A. Montague)

James Chaney, Michael Schwerner, and Andrew Goodman were: Group of answer choices leaders of the 1960s movement to set automobile safety standards. black students whose enrollment at the University of Alabama was blocked by Governor George Wallace. activists who headed the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party's challenge to the state party's whites-only power structure at the 1964 Democratic convention. volunteers in the 1964 SNCC/CORE Freedom Summer Project who were murdered in the South.

Answers

Answer:

James Chaney, Michael Schwerner, and Andrew Goodman were volunteers in the 1964 SNCC/CORE Freedom Summer Project who were murdered in the South.

The ____ environment can greatly influence the course of human events.

A. polytheism
B. physical
C. Gregorian
D. city-state
E. artifact

Answers

Letter B (physical) is the answer correct
It would be b I think

 What is the historical context of Herbert Morrisons account? What’s the time,place and mood?

Answers

Answer:

This question refers to Morrisons' article on the Hindenburg disaster.

The historical context: Hindenburg disaster, when the German passenger airship, caught fire when trying to dock. This happened on May 6, 1937 in New Jersey. The account presents a humor of horror, surprise and disbelief.

Explanation:

Herbert Morrisons was a journalist and wrote an article describing the fateful day when a German passenger airship that, while trying to land, docking its mast at Lakehurst Naval Air Station, caused a huge fire that killed a large part of the passengers and the crew that was present.

Morrisons, recounts this moment with horror and disbelief, because it was a horrible, deadly and grand accident. Morrisons is shocked to narrate what he witnessed at that moment.

Enlisting people through advertisements and other enticing means for the army or other armed forces is called: A. Internment B. Rationing C. Drafting D. Recruitment

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

A person who is not originally a U.S. citizen but goes through a process to become one is called what?

Answers

Answer:

Immigrant

Explanation:

the answer is most likely naturalization process

The Basque people of northern Spain have a distinctive language and culture, which they want to protect from outside influences. Although Spain's central government has given this group some autonomy, periodic violence has erupted by those seeking complete independence.

economic conflict
religious conflict
cultural conflict
political conflict

Answers

Answer:

Correct Answer:

d. political conflict  

Explanation:

Basque people of northern Spain are indigenous to and primarily inhabit an area and region that is located around the western end of the Pyrenees on the coast of the Bay of Biscay and straddles parts of north-central Spain and south-western France.

Due to their different culture, language and unique different from Spain and France, they have been clamoring for complete independence. Most times, this clashes with Spanish government leading to political conflict.

Answer:

Explanation:

Civil war

What are the key tenets of American Democracy?

Answers

1.Individual Worth

2. Individual Freedom

3. Equality

4. Popular Sovereignty

5. Majority Rule

6. Minority Rights

7. Limited Government

8. Compromise

please help !!!!


The British Parliament believed that the English colonies were there for the economic benefit of England. ____ defines this belief?

Answers

Explanation:

the citizens defines this belief

Answer:

Mercantilism

Explanation:

Please help me I don't know which one.

Answers

The first one because the 2nd and 3rd one are opinions its asking for a what happened not opinions do the 1st one

German land was divided and its military was reduced by:

the Kellogg-Briand Pact

the League of Nations

the Treaty of Versailles

Answers

the Treaty of Versailles
The treaty of Versailles

Select the correct answer. Which is most true of Jim Crow laws? O A. They were enacted mostly in the South. OB. They were designed to end racial discrimination. They were enacted mostly in the North. OD. They were designed to counter the Black Code laws. OE. The were enacted as only a stop-gap procedure.

Answers

Answer:

option A, They were enacted mostly in the South.

Explanation:

Use the legacy of the Titanic to provide evidence and explain how the past affects us today, and continues to affect future generations.

Answers

Answer:

George Santayana said, 'Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it'. The Titanic is a great example of this aphorism, as the disaster led to regulations being updated to improve safety.

Explanation:

As the failures that led to the Titanic sinking were later discovered, the International Ice Patrol was founded and the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea established severer regulations that are still in place in the present and for future generations to follow.

How did Bartolomé de las Casas draw distinctions between the Spanish people and the American Indians? List at least two examples to support your ideas. Give your answer in the form of at least two complete sentences.

Answers

Answer:

He called the Spanish people wild animals and Native Americans as sheep. Native Americans were innocent and peaceful while the Spanish was hellish and evil and cruel.

Explanation:

And then you go- Finally an answer thats correct.

Bartolome de las Casas stated that the natives were innocent sheep and that they were devoid of craft and malice.

The distinctions between the Spanish people and the American Indians were:

He referred to the Spanish people as wild animals while he referred to the Native Americans as sheep. He also stated that the Spanish people were evil and cruel while the Native Americans were innocent and peaceful.

In conclusion, Las Casas opposed the abuses that the colonist committed.

Read related link on:

https://brainly.com/question/13691278

briefly explain one economic challenge the british colonies faces between 1607 and 1754

Answers

Answer:

Great Britain's national debt was more than 122 million pounds [the British monetary unit], an enormous sum for the time. Interest on the debt was more than 4.4 million pounds a year.

Explanation:

Answer:

British Indian Colonies had issues due to the new gun keeping grease which was made out of beef and pork fat.

Explanation:

Why did the Spanish tend to settle and intermarry with the Indian population whereas the English killed the Indians, drove them out, or confined them to separate territories?

Answers

Answer:

You have to take into account that the Spanish arrived to the New World a long time before the English did, and the Spanish also did not settle in the parts the English settled in. The Spanish went to the Incas, the Aztecs, and the Mayas, all civilizations that were incredibly advanced and immensely powerful. The Conquistadores were few in number, while the Natives were plentiful. The Spanish had no other choice but to kowtow down to the Natives for the time being. As their Old World diseases ravaged the Native population, the Spanish eventually usurped power.

Explanation:

which of the following describes a motivation for European countries establishing empires in the 19th century? A. Europeans needed places to use the new technologies they had developed B. Europeans believed they were morally superior to the peoples of Africa and Asia C. Europeans wanted to leave Europe and relocate to African and Asian countries D. Europeans hoped to spread enlightenment idea, including liberal democracy

Answers

Answer:

Option: B. Europeans believed they were morally superior to the peoples of Africa and Asia.

Explanation:

European countries established empires in foreign lands. The settling of empires outside Europe was a role of colonization as it referred to settling in a new land and dominate their control over the locals.

European tried to show their superiority against the local settlers' culture and religion. They believe that it was their duty to save, civilize and educate the natives of Africa and Asia. In a way, European people saw it as a difficult job to enlighten the non-civilized.

Answer:

B. Europeans believed they were morally superior to the peoples of Africa and Asia.

Explanation:

Imperialist countries believed they were racially superior to non-European countries. Scientific racism was used to further promote this idea.

Which of these facts most supports the idea that Spanish power in the New
World took time to develop?
O A. Pizzaro was able to defeat the large Incan empire.
B. Columbus did not reach the mainland of the New World until his
third voyage.
C. Cortes was able to claim large areas of Mexico.
D. Queen Isabella was not sure whether to pay for an exploration of a
new route to Asia,​

Answers

The correct Option is:

(Option B) Columbus did not reach the mainland of the New World until his third voyage[tex].[/tex]

The Portuguese were the earliest participants in this “Age of Discovery,” also known as “Age of Exploration.”The explorer Christopher Columbus made four trips across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain. He was determined to find a direct water route west from Europe to Asia(India), but he never did. Instead, he stumbled upon the Americas. Columbus did not reach the mainland of the New World until his third voyage.Christopher Columbus was not the first person to propose that a person could reach Asia by sailing west from Europe. In fact, scholars argue that the idea is almost as old as the idea that the Earth is round. That is, it dates back to early Rome.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

What legal and political idea is contained in this edict from Hammurabi’s Code? A. limits of power B. protection from unreasonable search C. presumption of innocence D. right to present evidence

Answers

Answer:

D. right to present evidence

Explanation:

It said she had to have evidence in order to prove her "prejudice" (the way she feels about something)

(✿◡‿◡)ƪ(˘⌣˘)ʃ

Which of the following describes the Mycenaean civilization? Multiple Choice burial of rulers in giant beehives construction of gigantic fortifications on the Greek mainland war with Troy that forms the setting for both the Iliad and the Odyssey All these answers are correct.

Answers

Answer:

Correct Answer:

4. All these answers are correct.

Explanation:

Mycenaean civilization refers to a Bronze Age civilization on mainland Greece, inhabiting the area from around 1600-1100 BCE. And, also, the name Mycenaean refers to the city of Mycenae, which was excavated by Heinrich Schliemann beginning in 1876. Schliemann is also well-known for his discovering and excavating the city of Troy in Asia Minor.

Marque a alternativa com o correspondente tipo de transferência de calor: * Condução Convecção Irradiação O aquecimento do corpo humano quando você está na praia exposto ao Sol. O aquecimento de uma colher de ferro quando sua extremidade é colocada numa chama acesa. O aquecimento de um alimento utilizando-se do microondas. O vento que sopra do mar para a terra durante o dia O aquecimento do corpo humano quando você está na praia exposto ao Sol. O aquecimento de uma colher de ferro quando sua extremidade é colocada numa chama acesa. O aquecimento de um alimento utilizando-se do microondas. O vento que sopra do mar para a terra durante o dia

Answers

É isso que você estava perguntando?

Condução: O aquecimento de uma colher de ferro quando sua extremidade é colocada em uma chama acesa.

Convecção: O vento que sopra do mar para a terra durante o dia.

Radiação: O aquecimento do corpo humano quando você está na praia ao sol.

Radiação: Aqueça os alimentos no microondas.

Answer:

mds que texto imenso, provavelmente o cara de cima tá certo, vai na dele

En la vida real, ¿actuamos en forma "pura", escogiendo entre autonomía y heteronomía, entre libertad y necesidad, entre heteromorfismo y heteronomismo?

Answers

La respuesta correcta a esta pregunta abierta es la siguiente.

Es muy difícil aceptar la idea de que el ser humano no actúa con libertad. Nos sentimos relativamente libres porque tenemos cierta capacidad de elección, pero no en todo ni para todo. En la vida real, es difícil actuar de forma "pura" ya que tenemos un sistema de creencias que se nos inculcan desde el seno familiar y van fortaleciéndose a lo largo de nuestra vida al grado que hacen que sesgamos la mayoría de interpretaciones de la realidad y por ende, las decisiones que tomamos bajo esos parámetros de los "bueno" y "malo."

De ahí que, aunque en la mayoría de países democráticos tenemos la libertad de elegir muchas cosas, nuestras decisiones siempre están influidas por esos sistemas de creencias que desafortunadamente incluyes estereotipos y prejuicios, que "contaminan" nuestra manera de pensar, elegir y actuar.

Which of the following best describes the forced labor practices used by
Spanish colonists in the Americas as part of the encomienda system?
A. Spanish sailors convinced Europeans to work on American farms
for a period of time in exchange for passage to the Americas.
B. Spanish leaders granted their followers control over all natives
living in certain areas.
C. Spanish missionaries required all non-Christians to serve as
temporary slaves until they converted,
D. Spanish landowners established enormous plantations that were
worked by African slaves.

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

This is the only answer that actually makes sense and fits for the question..

Answer: Spanish leaders were granted...

Explanation:

Which statement most accurately describes the reasons for the Seven Years’ War in North America? The French controlled the fur trade, and the British wanted to. Both the French and the British wanted control of the Ohio River Valley. The British wanted to convert American Indians to the Anglican religion. The British wanted to form alliances with American Indians, but all of them were already allied with the French.

Answers

Answer:

^^ it was B :D

Explanation:

i jus took da test :))

There are many reasons why any war could happen, the most accurate reason for the Seven Years’ War in North America was the greed of control over the Ohio River Valley. Hence, Option B is correct.

Where is Ohio River Valley located?

A foodplain named the Ohio River Valley is a region. The location of the Ohio River Valley is on that side of the river which is known as the Kentucky side. It is that side where the  Ohio River from where the river was flooded in the historian's time. Just like any other river, it also deposited sand, gravel, and sediment.

Since ancient times, rivers had been used by the people as a route for traveling from one place to another. It was also a commercial route that plays an important role in the 1800s for the people who use to reside in the area of Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, and Illinois.

Thus, Option B is correct.

Learn more about the Ohio River from here:

https://brainly.com/question/17751928

#SPJ6

please help me i need help

Answers

Answer: Antietam

Explanation:

TEEEL paragraph on European imperial expansion.

Answers

Answer:

Some bullets for you to use

Explanation:

In historical contexts, New Imperialism characterizes a period of colonial expansion by Western European powers, the United States, Russia and Japan during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The period featured an unprecedented pursuit of overseas territorial acquisitions.

the policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies. advocacy of imperial or sovereign interests over the interests of the dependent states. imperial government; rule by an emperor or empress.

Five Motives for Imperialism. Various motives prompt empires to seek to expand their rule over other countries or territories. These include economic, exploratory, ethnocentric, political, and religious motives.

Answer:

Some bullets for you to use

Explanation:

Some bullets for you to use

Explanation:

In historical contexts, New Imperialism characterizes a period of colonial expansion by Western European powers, the United States, Russia and Japan during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The period featured an unprecedented pursuit of overseas territorial acquisitions.

the policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies. advocacy of imperial or sovereign interests over the interests of the dependent states. imperial government; rule by an emperor or empress.

Five Motives for Imperialism. Various motives prompt empires to seek to expand their rule over other countries or territories. These include economic, exploratory, ethnocentric, political, and religious motives.

why do you think india and pakistan were so concerned about winning the accession of the various princely states?

Answers

Answer:

In order to gain more power.

Explanation:

India and Pakistan were so concerned about winning the accession of the various princely states because they want to increase their area and resources. Both of the countries wanted to include the princely states in their country due to gain more power in the region. These princely states were rich in resources and these countries earn more money from their resources so both were very concern about the winning the accession of the various princely states.

The kingdom of Zimbabwe traded gold for exotic goods from . It is assumed that the city of Great Zimbabwe was built by the people, who still live in modern Zimbabwe.

Answers

Answer:

The kingdom of Zimbabwe traded gold for exotic goods from China.

Zimbabwe was built by the Shona people.

Explanation:

The Kingdom of Zimbabwe was a medieval Shona kingdom. The Kingdom control the ivory and gold trade that followed to the coast of Africa. The people mined minerals like gold, iron, and copper. By 1200 C.E., the city had grown sturdy for its trading centre. It had its trading connections with Asia and Africa, including Persian and China.  

Answer:

1. china and india   2. shona    

Explanation:

Two broad purposes of American government-insuring domestic tranquility and securing the blessings of
liberty-sometimes come into conflict. Considering this, do you agree or disagree with Benjamin Franklin's
view: "They that can give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor
safety"?

Answers

Answer:

I agree with this. I think that it is much better to have ensured safety at all times, versus for a temporary time.

Select all the correct answers. Consider what you've learned in the lesson and in part A of this activity. Which two sentences about World War I are supported by what you've learned? The Russians lacked the technology to fight successfully against more technologically advanced nations. The French were less advanced technologically and did not fight against those with better weapons. The Central Powers suffered more casualties than the British Empire and the United States. The British Empire had lower numbers of casualties because they did not fight on land, only at sea.

Answers

The correct answers are A) The Russians lacked the technology to fight successfully against more technologically advanced nations and C) The Central Powers suffered more casualties than the British Empire and the United States.

Although there is no reference to your lessons and activities, we can say that the Russians lacked the technology to fight successfully against more technologically advanced nations and that the Central Powers suffered more casualties than the British Empire and the United States.

Hostilities in World War I started after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie on June 28, 1914.

The German army was one of the best-equipped armies in that time and was determined to win the war. Germans considered that the Russian army lacked the technology to fight successfully against more technologically advanced Germany, but they got it wrong.

When the United States entered the war on April 6, 1917, it was like fresh air to the French, British, and Russian troops. The American army helped move things in the western front and the Allies end up winning the war. The Central Powers suffered more casualties than the British Empire and the United States.

Answer:

A and C are the correct answers the guy above me is right.

Explanation:

Other Questions
Fill in the blank with a constant, so that the resulting expression can be factored as the product of two linear expressions: 2ab-6a+5b+___ A study was conducted to explore the effects of ethanol on sleep time. Fifteen rats were randomized to one of three treatments. Treatment 1 got only water (control). Treatment 2 got 1g of ethanol per kg of body weight, and treatment 3 got 2g/kg. The amount of REM sleep in a 24hr period was recorded, in minutes. Data are below:Treatment 1: 63, 54, 69, 50, 72Treatment 2: 45, 60, 40, 56Treatment 3: 31, 40, 45, 25, 23, 28Required:a. Calculate 90% confidence intervals for all pairwise comparisons of treatment means using the uncorrected method. Create a letter code table to summarize your results, then interpret the results in context.b. Now calculate 90% confidence intervals for all pairwise comparisons using the Bonferroni correction. Create a letter code table, and interpret your results in context. Do any of the results differ from part (a)? Which of these statements most accurately describes currencies in North America Read the sentence. Crafts once fulfilled useful purposes, now crafts are used mainly for decoration. Which revision most effectively corrects the comma splice? Is it safe to eat an impossible whopper during constipation? Can somebody help me with parametric equations? I do not have a TI-84 at the moment! Thanks!1. Graph the following set of parametric equations on your calculator and select the matching graph. 2. Transform the given parametric equations into rectangular form. Then identify the conic. Which statements about iambic pentameter are true? Check all that apply.An iamb consists of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable.A line of iambic pentameter contains five iambs, or ten syllables.A line of iambic pentameter contains four iambs, or eight syllables.Iambic pentameter does not follow a regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables.Shakespeare uses iambic pentameter in his sonnets. solve the following system of equations1/2x+1/4y=-2-2/3x+1/2y=6x=y= please help! algebra 2 work a. What were HCA's liabilities-to-assets ratios and times-interest-earned ratios in the years 2005 through 2009?b. What percentage decline in EBIT could HCA have suffered each year between 2005 and 2009 before the company would have been unable to make interest payments out of operating earnings, where operating earnings is defined as EBIT?c. How volatile have HCA's cash flows been over the period 2005 - 2009?d. Calculate HCA's return on invested capital (ROIC) in the years 2005 - 2009.HCA INC ANNUAL INCOME STATEMENT ($ MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE) Dec09 Dec08 Dec07 Dec06 Dec05 Sales $ 30,052 $ 28,374 $ 26,858 $ 25,477 $ 24,455 Cost of Goods Sold 24,826 24,023 22,480 21,448 20,391 Gross Profit 5,226 4,351 4,378 4,029 4,064 Depreciation 1,425 1,416 1,426 1,391 1,374 Operating Profit 3,801 2,935 2,952 2,638 2,690 Interest Expense 1,987 2,021 2,215 955 655 Non-Operating Income/Expense 188 256 661 179 412 Pretax Income 2,002 1,170 1,398 1,862 2,327 Total Income Taxes 627 268 316 625 725 Minority Interest 321 229 208 201 178 Net Income $ 1,054 $ 673 $ 874 $ 1,036 $ 1,424 ANNUAL BALANCE SHEET ASSETS Dec09 Dec08 Dec07 Dec06 Dec05 Cash & Equivalents $ 312 $ 465 $ 393 $ 634 $ 336 Net Receivables 3,692 3,780 3,895 3,705 3,332 Inventories 802 737 710 669 616 Other Current Assets 1,771 1,319 1,207 1,070 931 Total Current Assets 6,577 6,301 6,205 6,078 5,215 Gross Plant, Property & Equipment 24,669 23,714 22,579 21,907 20,818 Accumulated Depreciation 13,242 12,185 11,137 10,238 9,439 Net Plant, Property & Equipment 11,427 11,529 11,442 11,669 11,379 Investments at Equity 853 842 688 679 627 Other Investments 1,166 1,422 1,669 1,886 2,134 Intangibles 2,577 2,580 2,629 2,601 2,626 Deferred Charges 418 458 539 614 85 Other Assets 1,113 1,148 853 148 159 TOTAL ASSETS 24,131 24,280 24,025 23,675 22,225 LIABILITIES Long Term Debt Due In One Year 846 404 308 293 586 Accounts Payable 1,460 1,370 1,370 1,415 1,484 Taxes Payable - 224 190 - - Accrued Expenses 2,007 1,912 1,981 1,868 1,825 Total Current Liabilities 4,313 3,910 3,849 3,576 3,895 Long Term Debt 24,824 26,585 27,000 28,115 9,889 Deferred Taxes - - - 390 830 Minority Interest 1,008 995 938 907 828 Other Liabilities 2,825 2,890 2,612 1,936 1,920 TOTAL LIABILITIES 32,970 34,380 34,399 34,924 17,362 Preferred Stock 147 155 164 125 - Common Stock 1 1 1 1 4 Capital Surplus 226 165 112 - - Retained Earnings (9,213) (10,421) (10,651) (11,375) 4,859 Common Equity (8,986) (10,255) (10,538) (11,374) 4,863 TOTAL EQUITY (8,839) (10,100) (10,374) (11,249) 4,863 TOTAL LIABILITIES & EQUITY $ 24,131 $ 24,280 $ 24,025 $ 23,675 $ 22,225 _is a molecule that directs all of a cells activities Why is this excerpt a good example of a feature often found in a myth? Eye color is an example of 1. Transcriptional control 2. gene expression 3. translational control 4. gene regulation hii guys ..help What does a text need for it to become a novel? In complete sentences, explain the following: Is 700 a good estimate for the sum of 435 and 368? If it is, explain why it is a good estimate. If it is not, explain why it is a bad estimate. structure of leaf is complementary to its function explain What does it mean to be a good citizen? Why is this important? For the lengths AB, BC, and AC to equal 7,6, and 13 respectively, what is thevalue of x? 50q + 43 > 11q + 70 Describe a precaution a person can take to avoid HIV exposure or transmission, and evaluate the effectiveness of this precaution. (2 points)