Which statement describes the 3d, 4s, and 4p orbitals of Arsenic (As) based on its electronic configuration and position in the periodic table?
The 3d and 4s orbitals are completely filled, and the 4p orbital is partially filled.
The 3d orbital is completely filled, and the 4s and 4p orbitals are partially filled.
The 3d, 4s, and 4p orbitals are completely filled.
The 3d, 4s, and 4p orbitals are partially filled.
Answers
Answer:
The 3d and 4s orbitals are completely filled, and the 4p orbital is partially filled.
Explanation:
The correct answer is: The 3d and 4s orbitals are completely filled, and the 4p orbital is partially filled.
The d orbital contains 10 electrons, the s orbital takes 2 electrons and the p orbital takes six electrons.
The orbital in chemistry is defined as a region in space where there is a high probability of finding an electron. There are s, p, d, f orbitals in chemistry which correspond to sharp, principal, diffuse and fundamental.
The electronic configuration of arsenic is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p3.
From this electronic configuration, we can see that the 4s and 3d orbitals are half filled while the 4p orbital is half filled.
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Related Questions
g An aqueous solution of nitric acid is standardized by titration with a 0.137 M solution of calcium hydroxide. If 19.0 mL of base are required to neutralize 21.8 mL of the acid, what is the molarity of the nitric acid solution
Answers
Answer:
M of HNO₃ is 0.119M
Explanation:
A basic concept of titration is that in equivalence point:
mmoles of acid = mmoles of base
We have data from base and we only have data from volume of acid.
In a case our titration is a strong acid against a strong base.
We apply formula:
M of acid . Vol of acid = M of base . Vol of base
M of acid . 21.8 mL = 0.137M . 19 mL
M of acid = (0.137M . 19 mL) / 21.8 mL
M of acid = 0.119 M
When we neutralize all the titrant we reach the equivalence point.
At this point, pH = 7
2HNO₃ + Ca(OH)₂ → Ca(NO₃)₂ + 2H₂O
Which substance has the highest boiling point?
Select the correct answer below:
A) ethyl ether
B) ethyl alcohol
C) water
D) these all have the same boiling point
Answers
Answer:
D) these all have the same boiling point
At a constant temperature, a sample of gas occupies 1.5 L at a pressure of 2.8 ATM. What will be the pressure of this sample, in atmospheres, if the new volume is 0.92 L?
Answers
Using boyles law
[tex]\boxed{\sf v\propto \dfrac{1}{p}}[/tex]
[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto P_1V_1=P_2V_2[/tex]
[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto P_2=\dfrac{P_1V_1}{V_2}[/tex]
[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto P_2=\dfrac{2.8\times 1.5}{0.92}[/tex]
[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto P_2=\dfrac{4.2}{0.92}[/tex]
[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto P_2=4.56atm[/tex]
[tex]\\ \sf\longmapsto P_2\approx 4.6atm[/tex]
Answer:
[tex]\boxed {\boxed {\sf 4.6 \ atm}}[/tex]
Explanation:
We are asked to find the new pressure given a change in volume. We will use Boyle's Law, which states the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure. The formula for this law is:
[tex]P_1V_1= P_2V_2[/tex]
Initially, the gas occupies 1.5 liters at a pressure of 2.8 atmospheres.
[tex]1.5 \ L * 2.8 \ atm = P_2V_2[/tex]
The volume is changed to 0.92 liters, but the pressure is unknown.
[tex]1.5 \ L * 2.8 \ atm = P_2* 0.92 \ L[/tex]
We are solving for the final pressure, so we must isolate the variable P₂. It is being multiplied by 0.92 liters. The inverse operation of multiplication is division, so we divide both sides by 0.92 L.
[tex]\frac {1.5 \ L * 2.8 \ atm}{0.92 \ L} = \frac{P_2* 0.92 \ L}{0.92 \ L}[/tex]
[tex]\frac {1.5 \ L * 2.8 \ atm}{0.92 \ L}= P_2[/tex]
The units of liters cancel each other out.
[tex]\frac {1.5 * 2.8 \ atm}{0.92 }=P_2[/tex]
[tex]\frac {4.2}{0.92} \ atm= P_2[/tex]
[tex]4.565217391 \ atm = P_2[/tex]
The original measurements of pressure and volume have 2 significant figures, so our answer must have the same. For the number we calculated, that is the tenths place. The 6 in the hundredth place tells us to round the 5 up to a 6.
[tex]4.6 \ atm \approx P_2[/tex]
The pressure is approximately 4.6 atmospheres.
how many moles of oxygen atoms are present in 0.4 moles of oxygen gas
Answers
Answer:
Each molecule of O2 is made up of 2 oxygen atoms. So 1 mole of O2 molecules is made up of 2 moles of oxygen atoms. Therefore 1 mole of oxygen gas contains 2 moles of oxygen atoms. And 0.4 moles of oxygen gas contains 0.8 moles of oxygen atoms.
There are 0.8 moles of oxygen atoms in 0.4 moles of oxygen gas.
Oxygen gas (O₂) consists of two oxygen atoms bonded together. Therefore, to determine the number of moles of oxygen atoms present in a given amount of oxygen gas, we can simply multiply the number of moles of oxygen gas by the number of oxygen atoms per molecule, which is 2.
Given that we have 0.4 moles of oxygen gas, we can calculate the number of moles of oxygen atoms as follows:
Number of moles of oxygen atoms = Number of moles of oxygen gas × Number of oxygen atoms per molecule
= 0.4 moles × 2
= 0.8 moles
Therefore, there are 0.8 moles of oxygen atoms present in 0.4 moles of oxygen gas.
This calculation is based on the stoichiometry of oxygen gas, which indicates that each molecule of O₂ contains two oxygen atoms. By considering the mole ratio between oxygen gas and oxygen atoms, we can determine the number of moles of oxygen atoms in a given quantity of oxygen gas.
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How many grams of Al were reacted with excess HCl if 3.86 L of hydrogen gas were collected at STP in the following reaction?
2 Al (s) + 6 HCl (aq) → 2 AlCl₃ (aq) + 3 H₂ (g)
Answers
The amount, in grams, of Al that reacted with excess HCl if 3.86 L of hydrogen gas were collected at STP in the reaction would be 3.099 grams.
Stoichiometric problemFrom the equation of the reaction, the mole ratio of Al that reacts with that of hydrogen gas that forms is 2:3.
At STP, 1 mole of any gas is equivalent to 22.4 Liters of the gas.
But only 3.86 L of hydrogen was formed in the reaction.
The equivalent mole of 3.86 L hydrogen at STP would be:
3.86 x 1/22.4 = 0.1723 moles
From the mole ratio, the equivalent mole of Al that will produce 0.1723 moles of hydrogen gas would be:
0.1723 x 2/3 = 0.1149 moles
Recall that: mass = mole x molar mass
Mass of 0.1149 moles Al = 0.1149 x 26.98
= 3.099 grams
Thus, the amount of Al that reacted with excess HCl is 3.099 grams.
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Determine the rate of reaction based on the data below:
75-
rate of reaction = y
hydrogen produced (cm)
х
y
25
50
75
100
125
time (seconds)
Answers
Answer:
75
Explanation:
is the answer for your question
Which processes occur during the second stage of technological design? Check all that apply.
designing a solution
studying relevant information
rebuilding and retesting
reporting a solution
defining criteria of success
identifying a problem
building a prototype
Answers
Designing a solution
Defining criteria of success
Cho biết độ tan của NH4Cl trong nước ở 20oC và 70oC lần lượt là 37,2 g/100 gam nước và 60,2 gam/100 g nước. Hòa tan 166,8 gam NH4Cl vào 400 gam nước ở 70oC thu được dung dịch X. Sau đó, hạ nhiệt độ dung dịch X xuống 20oC. Tính khối lượng (gam) NH4Cl kết tinh lại trong X?
Answers
Answer: Hợp chất CTHH 0 °C 10 °C 20 °C 30 °C 40 °C 50 °C 70 °C
Actini(III) hydroxide Ac(OH)3 0,0022
Amonia NH3 1176 900 702 565 428 333 188
Amoni azua NH4N3 16 25,3 37,1
View 42 more rows
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What information does the first quantum number of an electron give?
A. The sublevel that the electron is in
B. The specific orbital the electron is in
C. The energy level the electron is in
D. The spin that the specific electron has
Answers
Answer:
с
Explanation:
the first quantum number of an electron gives the information about the energy level the electron is in
The information first quantum number of an electron give is the energy level the electron is in.
What are quantum numbers?Quantum numbers is a set of symbols which gives idea about the position of electron present inside an atom.
First quantum number is denoted by symbol 'n' which gives idea about the number of shell or energy level in which electron is present.The sublevel that the electron is in is the second quantum number denoted by symbol 'l'.The specific orbital in which electron is present is denoted by symbol 'm' and it is the third quantum number.The spin that the specific electron has is the forth quantum number and denoted by symbol 's'.Hence first quantum number of electron gives ideal about the energy level.
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what is the complete ionic equation between the reaction of sodium carbonate and calcium hydroxide to form a precipitate
Answers
Answer:
CaCl2(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) → CaCO3(s) + 2NaCl(aq)
Reference:
H.W. Hanna and A. Dittmar; Laboratory Manual for General Chemistry, 4th ed.; Morton Publishing Company, Denver, Colorado
Which chemical can remove color of red/Pink phenol and make it clear like water transparent?
Answers
Deduce the formula of calcium Phosphide.
Answers
Answer:
[tex]{ \sf{Ca _{3} P_{2} }}[/tex]
How many nitrate ions are present in the following aqueous solution?
5.08 L of a solution containing 2.68 x 1021 formula units of lithium nitrate per liter.
When you have the number, determine its log (base 10) and enter that value with 3 decimal places
Answers
Answer:
22.1
Explanation:
Step 1: Calculate the number of formula units of lithium nitrate
A 5.08 L solution contains 2.68 × 10²¹ formula units per liter.
5.08 L × 2.68 × 10²¹ formula units/1 L = 1.36 × 10²² formula units
Step 2: Calculate the number of nitrate ions
Lithium nitrate dissociates completely in water according to the following equation.
LiNO₃(aq) ⇒ Li⁺(aq) + NO₃⁻(aq)
The molar ratio of LiNO₃ to NO₃⁻ is 1:1. The number of nitrate ions is 1/1 × 1.36 × 10²² = 1.36 × 10²².
Then,
log (1.36 × 10²²) = 22.1
The number of nitrate ions are present in the following aqueous solution is 13.6x10²¹, and log(base 10) value of this is 22.2.
What are strong electrolytes?
Those salts which are completely dissociate into their ions in the solution form will known as strong electrolyte.
Lithium nitrate is a strong electrolyte and it shows complete dissociation as:
LiNO₃ → Li⁺ + NO₃⁻
Given that,
1 liter of solution containing = 2.68 x 10²¹ formula unit
5.08 L of solution containing = 5.08 x 2.68 x 10²¹ = 13.6x10²¹ formula unit
So, number of nitrate ion in given solution = 13.6x10²¹ formula unit
Log(13.6x10²¹) = 22.1
Hence, required values are 13.6x10²¹ and 22.1.
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A total of 132.33g C3H8 is burned in 384.00 g O2. Use the following questions to determine the amounts of products formed.
• How many grams of CO2 and H2O will be produced? (2 points)
b. If the furnace is not properly adjusted, the products of combustion can include other gases, such as CO and unburned hydrocarbons. If only 269.34 g of CO2 were formed in the above reaction, what would the percent yield be? (2 points)
Answers
products of a complete combustion reaction are CO2 (g) and H2O
(g).
Determine the effect each given mutation would have on the rate of glycolysis in muscle cells.
a. loss of binding site for fructose 1 ,6-bisphophate in pyruvate kinase.
b. loss of allosteric binding site for ATP in pyruvate kinase.
c. loss of allosteric binding site for AMP in phosphofructokinase.
d. loss of regulatory binding site for ATP in phosphofructokinase.
1. Increase
2. decrease
3. No effect
Answers
Answer:
a. Decrease
b. Increase
c. Increase
d. No effect
Explanation:
Glycolysis is present in muscle cells which converts glucose to pyruvate, water and NADH. It produces two molecules of ATP. Cellular respiration produces more molecules of ATP from pyruvate in mitochondria. Glycolysis increases in pyruvate kinase.
a. Loss of binding site for fructose 1,6-bisphosphate in pyruvate kinase: Decrease
b. Loss of allosteric binding site for ATP in pyruvate kinase: No effect
c. Loss of allosteric binding site for AMP in phosphofructokinase: Increase
d. Loss of regulatory binding site for ATP in phosphofructokinase: Increase
A. An important substrate in the glycolysis pathway is fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. It stimulates pyruvate kinase, an essential enzyme in glycolysis. The amount of pyruvate kinase that is activated will decrease if the fructose 1,6-bisphosphate binding site in pyruvate kinase is eliminated. As a result the rate of glycolysis in the muscle cells will probably decrease.
B. The allosteric ATP binding site of pyruvate kinase controls how active the enzyme is. However, pyruvate kinase is not significantly regulated by ATP in muscle cells. Therefore, it is unlikely that deletion of the ATP-binding allosteric site in pyruvate kinase would have no effect on the rate of glycolysis in muscle cells.
C. The rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis, phosphofructokinase, is activated from all forms by AMP. It increases the rate of glycolysis by stimulating the activity of phosphofructokinase. If the allosteric binding site for AMP is eliminated, phosphofructokinase activation will be reduced. As a result, the rate of glycolysis in muscle cells will decrease.
D. Phosphofructokinase is inhibited allosterically by ATP. It regulates the rate of glycolysis by a feedback mechanism. High ATP concentrations cause phosphofructokinase to bind to its regulatory site, limiting its activity and delaying glycolysis. If the regulatory binding site for ATP is eliminated, the inhibitory action of ATP on phosphofructokinase would be lost. As a result, muscle cells will glycolysis at a faster rate.
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Which method of separation would be most appropriate for separating a mixture of water and alcohol?
A. evaporation
B. chromatography
C. distillation
D. filtration
Answers
Answer:C. distillation
Explanation:
Compounds having different boiling points when mixed can be separated by Fractional distillation.
Now when there is a mixture of water and alcohol, Upon heat, we would see that the alcohol will boil at a lower temperature than water for eg, ethanol will boil at 78.5 degrees Celsius, vaporizes and distills into the fractionating columns leaving the water which we know boils at 100 degrees Celsius.
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Select all that are true for both a voltaic cell and an electrolytic cell. Group of answer choices There must be a complete circuit to allow electrons to flow. The redox reaction is spontaneous. Oxidation happens at the anode. Reduction happens at the cathode. The redox reaction is non-spontaneous. g
Answers
Answer:
There must be a complete circuit to allow electrons to flow. Oxidation happens at the anode. Reduction happens at the cathode.
Explanation:
Select all that are true for both a voltaic cell and an electrolytic cell.
There must be a complete circuit to allow electrons to flow. YES. This is true for both cells.
The redox reaction is spontaneous. NO. This is only true for the voltaic cell.
Oxidation happens at the anode. YES. This is true for both cells.
Reduction happens at the cathode. YES. This is true for both cells.
The redox reaction is non-spontaneous. NO. This is only true for the electrolytic cell.
The statements that have been true for both voltaic and electrolytic cells are:
Option A: There must be a complete circuit to allow electrons to flow.
Option C: Oxidation happens at the anode.
Option D: Reduction happens at the cathode.
The electrolytic cells are the one that converts electrical energy into chemical energy. Voltaic cells convert chemical energy into electrical energy.
From the given options, the best-suited option for both electrolytic and voltaic cells are:
For any of the cells to perform the current flow, the circuit must be complete. Option A stating that there must be a complete circuit to allow electrons to flow is correct.The redox reaction has been a spontaneous reaction and results in the chemical conversion to form energy. Since the chemical energy has been converted into electrical energy, statement B has been true for only Voltic cells. Thus option B is incorrect.Oxidation is the reaction to the loss of electrons. In both cells, oxidation happens at the anode. Thus, option C is correct.Since oxidation takes place at anode, cathode acts as the reduction end in both the cells. Thus option D is correct.The redox reaction has been non-spontaneous only in the electrolytic cell. Thus option E is incorrect.The statements that have been true for both voltaic and electrolytic cells are, Option A, C, and D.
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Assume you have 4 solids (A, B, C and D) of similar mass. Which of these requires the greatest energy input to melt?
polar covalent
covalent network
ionic compound
nonpolar covalent
Answers
The solid that require the greatest energy input to melt by mass is the option;
Covalent network
Reason for the above answer is as follows;
The elementary particles of a solid are held together by bonds that require
an input of energy to unlock, and once broken, the particles are then able
to change location within their containing vessels with less restrictions
Types of bonds
Polar covalent molecular solids have the following characteristics;a) Soluble in water b) Low melting point, b) Conduct electricity
Solids that are made up of a covalent network have the following characteristicsa) High melting point temperature b) Non conductive of electricity c) Not soluble in water
Solids of ionic compounds have the following characteristics;a) High melting point temperature b) The liquid state and solution
conducts electricity c) Soluble in water
Solids that have nonpolar covalent bonds have;a) Low melting point b) Normally in the gaseous or liquid state b) Not water soluble
Therefore, the covalent network, and the solids ionic compounds require the most energy to melt, however, the strength of the ionic bond in an ionic compound is a factor the charges present and the sizes of the atom, while
the covalent network solid, are combined to form essentially as a single
molecule and therefore require the greatest heat energy input break the bonds of the molecule down in order to melt
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Which of the following chemical equations depicts a balanced ionic equation?
A. 2OH−+Ca2+−>Ca(OH)2
B. OH−+Ca2+−>Ca(OH)2
C. 2OH−+Ca2+−>2Ca(OH)2
D. OH−+2Ca2+−>Ca(OH)2
Answers
Answer:
[tex]{ \sf{A. \: 2OH {}^{ - } _{(aq)} +Ca {}^{2 + } _{(aq)} −>Ca(OH) _{2(s)} }}[/tex]
The chemical equations depict a balanced ionic equation is 2OH−+Ca2+−>Ca(OH)2. option A is correct.
What is the ionic equation?
An ionic equation is a chemical equation in which the electrolytes in an aqueous solution are expressed as dissociated ions. The ions in aqueous solutions are stabilized by ion-dipole interactions with water molecules
Strong acids, strong bases, and soluble ionic compounds (usual salts) exist as dissociated ions in an aqueous solution, and Weak acids and bases and insoluble salts are usually written using their molecular formulas because only a small amount of them dissociates into ions.
Ag+(aq) + NO3-(aq) + Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq) → AgCl(s) + Na+(aq) + NO3-(aq) is an ionic equation example.
Therefore, the balanced ionic reaction will be 2OH−+Ca2+−>Ca(OH)2. option A is correct.
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what is valency of an atom?
Answers
The number of replaceable electrons in an atom is called its valency.
Examples
Monovalent - HydrogenDivalent - OxygenValency = 8 - Number of electron in last shell [When number of electrons in last shell > 4]Valency = Number of electron in last shell [When number of electrons in last shell < 4]Thanks !
☺️☺️☺️☺️☺️☺️☺️
Answer:
the combining capacity if an atom is know as valency.
the property of an element that determines the number of other atimd with an aton if the element can combine.
Please guys please answer this
Answers
Answer:
1. Because the rules will keep you safe it prevents you from getting hurt.
2.i) don't taste chemical
ii) Always wear protective gears
iii) be careful with tool
iv) wear protective gloves
Explanation:
help everyone get out quickly
A filament for a light bulb needs to conduct electricity. Which of the elements listed below might be useful as a light bulb filament? Explain your thinking.
A. Tungsten, W
B. Sulfur, S
C. Bromine, Br
Answers
Answer:
A. tungsten
Explanation:
Tungsten is a material which high melting point ie. does not melt easily incase of high temperature
Answer:
option(A):Tungsten
Explanation:
tungsten has highest melting point.
A skydiver slows down from 65 m/s to 5 m/s by opening the parachute. If this
takes 0.75 seconds, what is the skydiver's acceleration?
A. 45 m/s2 up
B. 80 m/s2 up
C. 45 m/s2 down
D. 80 m/s2 down
Answers
Answer:
D. -80m/s^2
Explanation:
V = u + at
5 = 65 + a (0.75)
0.75a = -60
a = -60/0.75
a = -80m/s^2
Therefore, is decelerating at 80m/s^2
Answer:
[tex]\boxed {\boxed {\sf D. \ 80 \ m/s^2 \ down}}[/tex]
Explanation:
We are asked to find the acceleration of a skydiver. Acceleration is the change in velocity over the change in time, so the formula for calculating acceleration is:
[tex]a= \frac{v_f-v_i}{t}[/tex]
The skydiver was initially traveling 65 meters per second, then he slowed down to a final velocity of 5 meters per second. He slowed down in 0.75 seconds.
[tex]\bullet \ v_f = 5 \ m/s \\\bullet \ v_i= 65 \ m/s \\\bullet \ t= 0.75 \ s[/tex]
Substitute the values into the formula.
[tex]a= \frac{ 5 \ m/s - 65 \ m/s}{0.75 \ s}[/tex]
Solve the numerator.
[tex]a= \frac{-60 \ m/s}{0.75 \ s}[/tex]
Divide.
[tex]a= -80 \ m/s^2[/tex]
The acceleration of the skydiver is -80 meters per second squared or 80 meters per second squared down. The skydiver is slowing down or decelerating, so the acceleration is negative or down.
0. When measuring tert-butyl alcohol for this experiment, a student first weighs an empty graduated cylinder, then pours 15 mL of the alcohol into the graduated cylinder and weighs the cylinder again. He records the amount of alcohol used as the difference in these two masses. What is wrong with this method
Answers
Answer:
Both have solutions in the graduated cylinder.
Explanation:
Recording the amount of alcohol used as the difference between two masses is the wrong method used for measuring tert-butyl alcohol for the experiment. For measuring tert-butyl alcohol for this experiment, the student has to measure the two masses when both the graduated cylinders has solution of tert-butyl alcohol not when one of it is empty (having no tert-butyl alcohol ).
The wrong aspect is that the liquid didn't need to be weighed. Instead the volume should have been recorded with the aid of the graduated cylinder.
What is a Graduated cylinder?This is a cylinder with marked readings and is used to measure the volume of liquids in the laboratory.
The graduated cylinder will accurately measure the amount of alcohol used due to it being volatile and the mass fluctuating during the measurement.
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Aspirin that has been stored for a long time may give a vinegar like odour and give a purple colour with FeCl3. What reaction would cause this to happen
?.
Answers
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
The IUPAC name of aspirin is 2-Acetoxybenzoic acid. It is composed of an acetoxy moiety and a benzoic acid moiety.
The compound can be hydrolysed under prolonged storage conditions to yield acetic acid which causes the vinegar like odour.
Also, one of the products of this hydrolysis bears a phenol group which reacts with FeCl3 to give a purple color.
Calculate [H3O+] for pH 1.86. Steps please.
Answers
Answer:
[H₃O⁺] = [H⁺] = 10^-pH = 10⁻¹°⁸⁶ = 0.0138M in [H⁺]
Explanation:
By definition pH = -log[H⁺] => [H⁺] = 10^-pH = 10⁻¹°⁸⁶ = 0.0138M in [H⁺]
Using your calculator ... I am using a TI-30XA scientific calculator.
=> start by entering the number 1.86 => then press the (+/-) function => this will insert a negative symbol => -1.86,=> next find button with "2nd" printed on face (on some calculators the button is in yellow); press this button to change to 'secondary mode',=> find the symbol (10ˣ) ... the button below this symbol is usually the 'log' button, then press it => the answer of interest will show in the display window. => ...Depending on the calculator, the answer may show as 0.0138, or 1.38x10⁻², or 1.38E-2 (=1.38 x 10⁻²). It is the user's job to insert dimensional units into answer of interest => 0.0138M, or 1.38 x 10⁻²M, or 1.38E-2M.
1.38E-2 which is 1.38 x 10⁻².
calcium is added to water,the liberated gas is
Answers
Answer:
In both cases, the gas evolved is H2. When calcium reacts with water the heat evolved is not suffcient for hydrogen to catch fire. On the other hand, sodium metal reacts with water violently and in this case a lot of heat is evolved which is sufficient for hydrogen to catch fire.
Explanation:
may this answer is helpful for you
Hydrogen
The reaction is given by
[tex]\boxed{\sf {Ca\atop Calcium}+{H_2O\atop Water}\longrightarrow {Ca(OH)_2\atop Calcium\:Hydroxide}+{H_2\atop Hydrogen}}[/tex]
Balanced equation:-
[tex]\boxed{\sf {Ca\atop Calcium}+{2H_2O\atop Water}\longrightarrow {Ca(OH)_2\atop Calcium\:Hydroxide}+{H_2\atop Hydrogen}}[/tex]
Predict the missing component in the nuclear equation.
238 92U → 234 90Th + X
A. 4 2He
B. 0 -1e
C. 0 0v
Answers
Answer:
A
Explanation:
helium (alpha particle)
Why benzene is called aromatic compound according to Huckel’s rule?
Answers
Answer:
It obeys rule
Explanation:
Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon because it obeys Hückel's rule.
Answer:
Benzene is an aromatic compound because it is planar, cyclic, conjugated and has (4n +2) π electrons, where n= 1.
Explanation:
Hückel's rule states that a molecule is aromatic if it is planar, cyclic, conjugated and has (4n +2) π electrons.
Breaking it down into 4 requirements, we have:
planarcyclicconjugated(4n +2) π electronsLet's look at each of the 4 parts!
What is planar?
Planar refers to the molecule being flat. When an atom is sp² hybridized, it is in a trigonal planar geometry. Let's look at the benzene molecule. Each carbon is attached to 3 other atoms, namely 2 carbons and 1 hydrogen. This means that each carbon is sp² hybridized, making the molecule planar.
Cyclic
This refers to the molecule having a closed ring shape. Benzene fulfils this criteria.
Conjugation
This refers to a system of connected p orbitals, which allows π electrons to delocalize. Each carbon atom in benzene has one 2p orbital, making benzene a conjugated molecule. For molecules that are not cations or anions, conjugated molecules are those that have alternating single and double bonds.
(4n +2) π electrons
n is an integer (e.g. 0, 1, 2, 3) thus for the molecule to be aromatic, it can have 2, 6 or 10 π electrons (non exhaustive). This separates an aromatic compound from an antiaromatic compound, which has 4n π electrons instead.
Benzene has 6 π electrons, so n has a value of 1 in this case.
Thus, benzene is an aromatic compound because it is planar, cyclic, conjugated and has (4n +2) π electrons.
_______
Counting the number of π electrons
Let's look at π bonds!
A double bond is made up of 1 σ bond and 1 π bond, and each π bond is made up of 2 π electrons. We do not count the number of single bonds since single bonds are made up of 1 σ bond only.
There are 3 double bonds in the Kekulé structure of benzene. Thus, the number of π electrons in benzene is 3(2)= 6.
Attached diagrams
Kekulé structure of benzenesp² hybridized carbon6 p orbitals in benzene ringexplain chlorination of methane
Answers
Answer:
Methane and chlorine
If a mixture of methane and chlorine is exposed to a flame, it explodes - producing carbon and hydrogen chloride. This is not a very useful reaction! The reaction we are going to explore is a more gentle one between methane and chlorine in the presence of ultraviolet light - typically sunlight. This is a good example of a photochemical reaction - a reaction brought about by light.
CH4+Cl2+energy→CH3Cl+HCl(3.4.2)
The organic product is chloromethane. One of the hydrogen atoms in the methane has been replaced by a chlorine atom, so this is a substitution reaction. However, the reaction doesn't stop there, and all the hydrogens in the methane can in turn be replaced by chlorine atoms.
Substitution reactions happen in which hydrogen atoms in the methane are replaced one at a time by chlorine atoms. You end up with a mixture of chloromethane, dichloromethane, trichloromethane and tetrachloromethane.
I hope this help you!:)
Explanation:
