Which particle has the least mass ? alpha particle B. beta particle neutronproton

Answer:

Up until now we have been discussing only the elemental forms of atoms which are neutrally charged. This is because the number of electrons (negative in charge) is equal to the number of protons (positive in charge). The overall charge on the atom is zero, because the magnitude of the negative charge is the same as the magnitude of the positive charge. This one-to-one ratio of charges is not, however, the most common state for many elements. Deviations from this ratio result in charged particles called ions.

Throughout nature, things that are high in energy tend to move toward lower energy states. Lower energy configurations are more stable, so things are naturally drawn toward them. For atoms, these lower energy states are represented by the noble gas elements. These elements have electron configurations characterized by full s and p subshells. This makes them stable and unreactive. They are already at a low energy state, so they tend to stay as they are.

The elements in the other groups have subshells that are not full, so they are unstable when compared to the noble gases. This instability drives them toward the lower energy states represented by the noble gases that are nearby in the periodic table. In these lower energy states, the outermost energy level has eight electrons (an “octet”). The tendency of an atom toward a configuration in which it possesses eight valence electrons is referred to as the “Octet Rule.”

There are two ways for an atom that does not have an octet of valence electrons to obtain an octet in its outer shell. One way is the transfer of electrons between two atoms until both atoms have octets. Because some atoms will lose electrons and some atoms will gain electrons, there is no overall change in the number of electrons, but with the transfer of electrons the individual atoms acquire a nonzero electric charge. Those that lose electrons become positively charged, and those that gain electrons become negatively charged. Recall that atoms carrying positive or negative charges are called ions. If an atom has gained one or more electrons, it is negatively charged and is called an anion. If an atom has lost one or more electrons, it is positively charged and is called a cation. Because opposite charges attract (while like charges repel), these oppositely charged ions attract each other, forming ionic bonds. The resulting compounds are called ionic compounds.

The second way for an atom to obtain an octet of electrons is by sharing electrons with another atom. These shared electrons simultaneously occupy the outermost shell of both atoms. The bond made by electron sharing is called a covalent bond. Covalent bonding and covalent compounds will be discussed in Chapter 4 “Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds”.

At the end of chapter 2, we learned how to draw the electron dot symbols to represent the valence electrons for each of the elemental families.  This skill will be instrumental in learning about ions and ionic bonding. Looking at Figure 3.1, observe the Noble Gas family of elements. The electron dot symbol for the Nobel Gas family clearly indicates that the valence electron shell is completely full with an octet of electrons.  If you look at the other families, you can see how many electrons they will need to gain or lose to reach the octet state.  Above, we noted that elements are the most stable when they can reach the octet state. However, it should also be noted that housing excessively high negative or positive charge is unfavorable.  Thus, elements will reach the octet state and also maintain the lowest charge possible.   You will note that for the IA, IIA, IIIA and transition metals groups, it is more economical to lose electrons (1-3 electrons) from their valence shells to reach the octet state, rather than to gain 5-7 electrons.  Similarly main group columns VA, VIA, and VIIA tend to gain electrons (1-3) to complete their octet, rather than losing 5-7 electrons. Some atoms, like carbon, are directly in the middle.  These atoms don’t like to gain or lose electrons, but tend to favor the sharing model of chemical bonding. The remaining sections of this chapter will focus on the formation of ions and the resulting ionic compounds.

Explanation:

Answer:

a).

[tex]2 \: moles \: of \: ethane \: react \: with \: 7 \: moles \: of \: oxygen \\ 24 \: moles \: react \: with \: ( \frac{24 \times 7}{2} ) \: moles \\ = 84 \: moles[/tex]

b).

[tex]2 \: moles \: react \: with \: 7 \: moles \\ ( \frac{12 \times 2}{7} ) \: moles \: react \: with \: 12 \: moles \\ = 3 .43 \: moles \\ 1 \: mole \: weighs \: 30 \: g \\ 3.43 \: moles \: weigh \: (3.43 \times 30) \\ = 102.9 \: g[/tex]

c).

746.7 g

Explanation:

I would say explosive eruptions caused by decompression of the dissolved gases in the magma. The Mt Pinatubo eruption is an example of a massive ash fall that eventually closed down an American base in the Philippines. And just recently the island of St. Vincent suffered major damage from ash fall due to a volcanic eruption.

Answer:

143.9 mL is the new volume for the gas.

Explanation:

Let's apply one of the gases law to solve this problem:

Boyle's law states that the product of pressure and volume remains constant when the T° is not modified.

P₁ . V₁ = P₂ . V₂

Be careful because we have T° in mmHg. We need to convert to atm:

750.12 mmHg . 1 atm / 760 mmHg = 0.987 atm

We replace data:

150 mL . 0.947 atm = 0.987 atm . V₂

V₂ = (150 mL . 0.947 atm) / 0.987 atm

V₂ = 143.9 mL

This term P . V comes from the Ideal Gases Law

P . V = n . R . T

Explanation:

Answer:

gas and element and compound

Explanation:

because it's different and more power so the elements

Answer:

Explanation:

As organisms release energy during cellular respiration, carbon dioxide is produced from the carbon in energy storage molecules. ... Carbon dioxide in the biodome decreased because decomposers decreased which means there was a decrease in cellular respiration overall.

Answer:

D is the answer to your question in my opinion

Answer:

I think it is option A

Explanation:

XY 2 will be three molecules which is only a or b. As molecules are usually in a ddiagr like a, I would go with option a

Explanation:

An exothermic reaction is a "reaction for which the overall standard enthalpy change ΔH⚬ is negative." Exothermic reactions usually release heat and entail the replacement of weak bonds with stronger ones.

hope it helps

Answer:

Explanation:

The heat evolved when 74.6 g of sulfur dioxide (molar mass = 64.07 g/mol) is 2838kJ/mol. For the given thermochemical equation.

SO2(g) + 12 O2(g)

SO3(g)

AH = -99.1 kJ/mol

A balanced stoichiometric chemical equation known as a thermochemical equation contains the enthalpy change, ΔH.

There are two types of thermochemical reaction:

Thermogenic Reaction. certain thermochemical processes that absorb heat. Enthalpy change for this reaction is favorable.

Heat-producing Reaction. Exothermic reactions are those in which energy or heat are released during the reaction.

A chemical equation shows the initial molecule, reactants, and final products separated by an arrow, but a thermochemical equation is a balanced stoichiometric chemical reaction that also includes the enthalpy change.

Thus, 2838 kJ/mol heat evolved in given equation.

To learn more about thermochemical equation refer the link below;

https://brainly.com/question/10023358

#SPJ2

Answer:

With my knowledge you got 2. correct, but that's all I could say.

Answer: The molarity of KBr solution is 0.605 M

Explanation:

Molarity is defined as the amount of solute expressed in the number of moles present per liter of solution. The units of molarity are mol/L.

The formula used to calculate molarity:

[tex]\text{Molarity of solution}=\frac{\text{Given mass of solute}\times 1000}{\text{Molar mass of solute}\times \text{Volume of solution (mL)}}[/tex]       .....(1)

Given values:

Given mass of KBr = 54.0 g

Molar mass of KBr = 119 g/mol

Volume of the solution = 750 mL

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

[tex]\text{Molarity of solution}=\frac{54.0\times 1000}{119\times 750}\\\\\text{Molarity of solution}=0.605M[/tex]

Hence, the molarity of KBr solution is 0.605 M

Answer:

Por ejemplo, el petróleo o el carbón son ejemplos de recursos no renovables porque, aunque se forman mediante un proceso natural, este necesita demasiado tiempo. ... Esos combustibles fósiles provienen de materia orgánica, pero tardan cientos de miles de años en producirse.

Answer:

Explanation:

Did you get the answer to the test, I have the same one but don’t understand the questions that well

Answer:

14 g of N2

Explanation:

If we look at the options, we will notice that the correct answer needs to be a gas that has about half of the molecular mass of the gas.

If we consider nitrogen gas whose molecular mass is 28g/mol, half of the molecular mass is 14 g.

So;

28g of N2 contains 6.02 × 10^23 molecules of N2

14g of N2 contains 14 × 6.02 × 10^23 /28

= 3.0 x 10^23

Answer:

D

Explanation:

calicium exchange valency of 2 with 1 valency of chlorine

Answer:

may or may not be equal to the number of moles of the products.

Explanation:

A chemical reaction involves the interaction between reactants to yield products. The number of moles of reactants and products in the system depends on the stoichiometry of the reaction.

The balanced reaction equation shows us the number of moles of reactants and products involved in the reaction.

Hence, in the balanced chemical reaction equation; the number of moles of reactants may or may not be equal to the number of moles of the products.

Answer:

I'm pretty sure it's The second one

Explanation:

That one is the only one that looks like it started on a positive 5

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Answer: 7.36 moles of [tex]CaBr_2[/tex] will be produced.

Explanation:

We are given:

Moles of NaBr = 14.72 moles

The given chemical equation follows:

[tex]2NaBr+Ca(OH)_2\rightarrow CaBr_2+2NaOH[/tex]

By the stoichiometry of the reaction:

2 moles of NaBr produces 1 mole of calcium bromide

So, 14.72 moles of NaBr will produce = [tex]\frac{1}{2}\times 14.72=7.36mol[/tex] of calcium bromide

Hence, 7.36 moles of [tex]CaBr_2[/tex] will be produced.

Answer:

Hydroxyl (alcohol compound)

Explanation:

*view photo*

D. Hydroxy

Therefore, the correct option is option D.

Learn more:

brainly.com/question/696051

Answer:

C. 1 atm

Explanation:

More specifically it's .986 atm, but it's rounded up for this question.

Answer:

......it's letter C 1atm

Answer:

La respuesta está en la explicación.

Explanation:

Las propiedades físicas son las visibles y medibles que no afectan químicamente la sustancia en cuestión. Las propiedades químicas hacen alusión a la reactividad de la sustancia:

Propiedades físicas ácido sulfúrico:

Líquido a temperatura ambiente.

Densidad: 1.83g/mL

Punto de fusión: 10°C

Punto de ebullición: 337°C

Índice de refracción: 1.397

Propiedades Químicas:

Ácido Fuerte.

Oxidante Fuerte.

Miscible con el agua reaccionando exotérmicamente.

A temperaturas > 30°C produce vapores azufrados.

Estable en concentraciones menores al 98%

Answer:

Water ?

Need more info.

Water is [tex]H_{2}[/tex]O

Explanation:

Answer:

Hydrogen bonding occurs when a protonic H is bonded to F, O or N and there must be a lone pair of electron in the F, O or N atom.

Answer:

Para que se cumpla el balanceo en la reacción química, en el espacio se debe asignar 2 como coeficiente estequiométrico.

Explanation:

La ley de conservación de la materia establece que, dado que no se puede crear ni destruir ningún átomo en una reacción química, el número de átomos que están presentes en los reactivos debe ser igual al número de átomos presentes en los productos.

Luego, debes equilibrar la ecuación química. Para eso, primero debe mirar los subíndices al lado de cada átomo para encontrar el número de átomos en la ecuación. Si el mismo átomo aparece en más de una molécula, debes sumar sus cantidades.

Los coeficientes ubicados frente a cada molécula indican la cantidad de cada molécula para la reacción. Este coeficiente puede modificarse para equilibrar la ecuación, del mismo modo que nunca debe alterar los subíndices.

Al multiplicar el coeficiente mencionado por el subíndice, obtienes la cantidad de cada elemento presente en la reacción.

En este caso la reacción química es:

Fe₂O₃ + 3 H₂O ⇒ ____ Fe(OH)₃

Entonces, teniendo en cuenta todo lo anterior, se puede determinar la cantidad de elementos en cada lado de la ecuación:

Se puede observar que la reacción química no esta balanceada porque se tiene diferentes cantidades de cada elemento a cada lado de la reacción. Para equilibrarla, se comienza balanceando el hierro. Para eso, el coeficiente estequiométrico debe ser dos:

Fe₂O₃ + 3 H₂O ⇒ 2 Fe(OH)₃

Entonces:

Ahora, a cada lado de la reacción se tiene la misma cantidad de cada elemento, por lo que la reacción esta balanceada.

Para que se cumpla el balanceo en la reacción química, en el espacio se debe asignar 2 como coeficiente estequiométrico.

Answer:

17.6%

Explanation:

%age yield is = actual yield /percentage yield ^100

MgSO4 is the formula for magnesium

Answer:

The industry represented in the photo is most likely fishing. Other industries that rely on accurate weather forecasts are shrimping, fishery, and aquaculture

Explanation:

oh sorry I'm American I can't understand that

Explanation:

but...thanks for points hehe