Which of the following statements correctly describe(s) the driving forces for diffusion of na and k ions through their respective channels? select all that apply. view available hint(s)for part b because ions carry a charge (positive or negative), their transport across a membrane is governed not only by concentration gradients across the membrane but also by differences in charge across the membrane (also referred to as membrane potential). together, the concentration (chemical) gradient and the charge difference (electrical gradient) across the plasma membrane make up the electrochemical gradient. consider the plasma membrane of an animal cell that contains a sodium-potassium pump as well as two non-gated (always open) ion channels: a na channel and a k channel. the effect of the sodium-potassium pump on the concentrations of na and k as well as the distribution of charge across the plasma membrane is indicated in the figure below. a diagram of a plasma membrane containing a sodium-potassium pump, a non-gated na plus channel, and a non-gated k plus channel. outside the cell, the concentration of na plus is high, the k plus concentration is low, and the charge is positive. inside the cell, the concentration of na plus is low, the k plus concentration is high, and the charge is negative. na plus flows through the na plus channel inside the cell, while k plus flows through the k plus channel outside the cell. the sodium-potassium pump is moving three na plus ions outside and two k plus ions inside. which of the following statements correctly describe(s) the driving forces for diffusion of na and k ions through their respective channels? select all that apply. the diffusion of na ions into the cell is facilitated by the na concentration gradient across the plasma membrane. the diffusion of na ions into the cell is impeded by the electrical gradient across the plasma membrane. the diffusion of k ions out of the cell is impeded by the k concentration gradient across the plasma membrane. the diffusion of k ions out of the cell is impeded by the electrical gradient across the plasma membrane. the electrochemical gradient is larger for na than for k .

Answers

Answer 1

The statements correctly describe the driving forces for the diffusion of Na+ and K+ ions through their respective channels are

The diffusion of Na+ ions into the cell is facilitated by the Na+ concentration gradient across the plasma membrane.The diffusion of K+ ions out of the cell is impeded by the electrical gradient across the plasma membrane.The electrochemical gradient is larger for Na+ than for K+

The diffusion of Nа ions into the cell is fаcilitаted by the Nа concentrаtion grаdient аcross the plаsmа membrаne. The diffusion of K ions out of the cell is impeded by the K concentrаtion grаdient аcross the plаsmа membrаne. The diffusion of K ions out of the cell is fаcilitаted by the electricаl grаdient аcross the plаsmа membrаne. The electrochemicаl grаdient is lаrger for Nа thаn for K.

Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question can be seen in the Attachment.

For more information about ion diffuse refers to the link: https://brainly.com/question/7144898

#SPJ11

Which Of The Following Statements Correctly Describe(s) The Driving Forces For Diffusion Of Na And K

Related Questions

which molecule carries the protein code from the nucleus to the ribosome?DNARNAADP

Answers

The molecule that carries the protein code from the nucleus to the ribosome is RNA, specifically a type of RNA called messenger RNA or mRNA. Here option B is the correct answer.

mRNA is synthesized from DNA during transcription, which occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. The DNA serves as a template for the mRNA, which is complementary in sequence to one of the strands of the DNA double helix. Once synthesized, the mRNA molecule carries the genetic code from the DNA to the ribosome, which is the site of protein synthesis.

At the ribosome, the mRNA is read in groups of three nucleotides called codons. Each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid, which is added to the growing protein chain according to the sequence of codons on the mRNA.

To learn more about ribosomes

https://brainly.com/question/241631

#SPJ4

Complete question:

Which molecule carries the protein code from the nucleus to the ribosome?

A - DNA

B - RNA

C - ADP

Stomata are located on the underside of the leaf and are flanked by guard cells. These guard cells close the stomata by
Select one:
a. taking in water by osmosis due to an accumulation of K+. This results in swell of the guard cells that closes the stomata.
b. taking in water by osmosis due to a loss of K+. This results in swelling of the guard cells that close the stomata.
c. losing water by osmosis due to an accumulation of K+. This results in a shrinking of the guard cells that close the stomata.
d. losing water by osmosis due to a loss of K+. This results in a shrinking of the guard cells that close the stomata.

Answers

The answer should be D.

Characteristics of hydrogenated oils include all of the following EXCEPT
a. they are stored in adipose tissue.
b. they lower HDL and raise LDL cholesterol in the body.
c. some of their fatty acids change shape from cis to trans.
d. products containing them become rancid sooner, contributing to a shorter shelf life

Answers

All of the following traits apply to hydrogenated oils, with the exception that products containing them become rancid more quickly, resulting in a lower shelf life.

When oils are hydrogenated, what happens?

Hydrogen is added to oils to make them more solid or "spreadable" (a process known as hydrogenation). Although they can be sold directly as "spreads," hydrogenated oils are also utilized in the food industry to make a variety of delicacies, including biscuits and cakes.

What traits do hydrogenated oils have?

Vegetable oil that is liquid becomes a solid or semi-solid fat by hydrogenation. The FDA asserts that producers utilize hydrogenated oils to increase the shelf life, flavor stability, and texture of packaged foods. Oils that have been partially hydrogenated include trans fatty acids.

To know more about hydrogenated oils visit:-

https://brainly.com/question/28757925

#SPJ1

The process of translation involves all of the following EXCEPT:A) charging tRNA molecules with amino acidsB) initiation directed by specific sequencesC) elongation relying on base pairingD) termination controlled by proteins recognizing stop codonsE) actually, all of these are key parts of translation

Answers

The translation procedure entails the right choice E) Really, these are key pieces of interpretation.

The messenger RNA (ribonucleic acid) nucleotide sequence determines the primary structure of the protein during translation, a protein synthesis activity. This happens in the cytoplasm with the help of ribosomes and other cell hardware.

Charge of tRNA molecules by proteins, initiation by specific sequences, elongation by base pairing, and control of termination by proteins that recognize stop codons are all required for this process.

A messenger RNA (mRNA) is "decoded" during translation, and the information it contains is then used to construct a polypeptide, or chain of amino acids. A polypeptide is essentially a protein for most purposes, with the technical distinction being that some large proteins are composed of multiple polypeptide chains.

To know more about Translation visit:

brainly.com/question/22559209

#SPJ4

motor output is guided by sensory feedback with the exception of ______ movements.

Answers

Motor output is guided by sensory feedback with the exception of option D) ballistic movements.

For effective sensory-motor control, skeletal muscle feedback is essential. To maintain both dynamic and static muscle tone, specialized receptors in the muscle, such as muscle spindles, Golgi tendon organs, and joint feedback, give this feedback.

The spinal level of motor neurons connected to spinal reflexes receives a large portion of this sensory feedback, which is crucial for maintaining muscle tone.

Muscle contractions that reach their maximum velocities and accelerations in a brief amount of time are referred to as ballistic movement. They have rapid contraction times, great force generation, and rapid firing rates.

To know more about sensory motor system, refer:

https://brainly.com/question/14840062

#SPJ4

Complete question is:

A) innate movements

B) unpracticed movements

C) practiced movements

D) ballistic movements

E) reflexive movements

different types of biological macromolecules perform different functions. what type of macromolecule determines the traits a plant will inherit from its parent plants?

Answers

The type of macromolecule that determines the traits a plant will inherit from its parent plants is DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).

DNA is a large biological macromolecule composed of nucleotides that carry genetic information in the form of a code.

The DNA molecule contains the instructions necessary for a plant to develop and function. These instructions are passed down from parent plants to their offspring through the transmission of DNA during sexual reproduction. The specific sequence of nucleotides in the DNA molecule determines the expression of genes that code for various traits in the plant, such as height, flower color, and leaf shape.

Therefore, DNA is the biological macromolecule that ultimately determines the traits a plant will inherit from its parent plants.

To learn more about macromolecules refer to

brainly.com/question/6849865

#SPJ4

why is a chloroplast kept in darkness for some time prior to being fixed for electron micrscopy does not contain starch

Answers

The reason for keeping a chloroplast in darkness for some time prior to fixation for electron microscopy is to deplete the starch content within the chloroplast.

Starch is a storage carbohydrate that accumulates in chloroplasts during the light period through photosynthesis.

By keeping the chloroplast in darkness, the plant is not actively performing photosynthesis, and therefore, the starch reserves are gradually depleted.

When preparing samples for electron microscopy, it is important to fix the chloroplasts.

If the chloroplast contains starch, it can be affected during the fixation process, leading to distortions in the final electron micrographs.

Thus, by depleting starch the chloroplast is closer to its natural state, allowing for more accurate observations and analysis under the electron microscope.

To know more about Chloroplast, click here:

https://brainly.com/question/11136550

#SPJ12

Click and drag the labels into the appropriate box to identify whether the function of the connective tissue component of a muscle is definite or theorized. the muscle to a Aids in elastic recoil of bone Helps the muscle function more efficienty Prevents the muscle Attaches from over stretching muscle 53.18 Surrounds the muscle Forms the calcaneal tendon Surrounds a single muscle fiber Creates extra thrust in jumping humans together Definite Function of Connective Tissue Theorized Function of Connective Tissue Prey 35 of 50

Answers

The question is a drag and drop task, thus no answer can be provided as it requires the user to drag and drop the labels into the appropriate box to identify whether the function of the connective tissue component of a muscle is definite or theorized.

However, here is the explanation of the functions of connective tissue in a muscle: The function of connective tissue in a muscle are definite as well as theorized.

The definite function of connective tissue are as follows:

Surrounds the muscle

Forms the calcaneal tendon

Prevents the muscle from overstretching

Aids in elastic recoil of bone by attaching the muscle to a bone

Helps the muscle function more efficiently

The theorized function of connective tissue are as follows:

Surrounds a single muscle fiber

Creates extra thrust in jumping human prey together.

Here you can learn more about connective tissue

https://brainly.com/question/31115646#

#SPJ11  

although both adult stem cells and embryonic stem cells are used for research, embryonic stem cells are of particular interest among researchers. which medical advancements are possible using these stem cells? what ethical issues could arise from using embryonic cells as opposed to adult stem cells? 15px

Answers

Embryonic stem cells are more advantageous than adult stem cells in research as they can differentiate into any cell type, making them more versatile. They are of special interest to researchers because of their ability to differentiate into every type of cell in the human body.

What is the ethical issue?

Embryonic stem cells have the potential to treat a variety of illnesses, including those caused by aging, as well as genetic disorders, cancers, and traumatic injuries. They have a wide range of potential applications in the treatment of degenerative diseases, stroke, heart attack, and spinal cord injuries.

Embryonic stem cells, on the other hand, are frequently accompanied by ethical concerns. Embryonic stem cells are taken from the blastocyst stage of an embryo, which involves the destruction of the embryo. This is frequently seen as controversial since it may be viewed as destroying a human life at its earliest stages.

There are ethical issues associated with the use of embryonic stem cells since they are usually taken from unused embryos produced for in vitro fertilization. These embryos are typically discarded or frozen, and some people believe that their use for research purposes is unethical. However, supporters argue that embryonic stem cell research has the potential to save millions of lives, making it an ethical necessity.

Read more about stem cells here:

https://brainly.com/question/2165556

#SPJ11

The expected genotypic percentage of yellow plants (CyCy) at Hardy- Weinburg equilibrium is 26.6%. However, inthe day 21 readings, the observed genotypic ratio is 11.6%. Which of the following statements is best supported by the data?
The population is evolving, and there appears to be selection against genotypie CyCy

Answers

According to the data, the statement that is best supported by the data is that the population is evolving and there seems to be selection against the genotypic CyCy.

The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a genetic principle that suggests that if no other forces were involved, genotype and allele frequencies would stay constant from one generation to the next, and evolution would not occur. The principle is used to evaluate whether a population is experiencing evolutionary changes. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a mathematical relationship between the frequencies of alleles and genotypes in a population that is not evolving. It describes a theoretical population that is at equilibrium with respect to one or more gene loci and provides a baseline for estimating evolutionary forces acting on populations.

In a given population, the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a good model for describing the transmission of alleles to the next generation in the absence of mutation, migration, genetic drift, or natural selection. When genetic data from a population deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium expectations, this might suggest that one or more of these evolutionary forces are acting on the population.

*Complete question: The expected genotypic percentage of yellow plants (CyCy) at Hardy- Weinburg equilibrium is 26.6%. However, in the day 21 readings, the observed genotypic ratio is 11.6%. Which of the following statements is best supported by the data?

More on genetics: https://brainly.com/question/30432733

#SPJ11

Gregor Mendel described several traits in pea plants in which a dominant trait masked a recessive trait. Two such traits were plant height (T = tall, t = short) and seed shape (R = round, r = wrinkled). Match each genotype below with its expected phenotype.
tall and round

Answers

The genotypes match with phenotypes as follows in the plant pea experiments:

Short and Wrinkled = ttrrTall and Round = TTRR, TtRr, TTRrTall and wrinkled = TTrr; Ttrr.Short and round = none

Mendel's Experiments in pea plants

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to the outward expression of an organism's genetic makeup. Dominant refers to an allele that masks the effect of another allele, while recessive refers to an allele that is only expressed in the homozygous state (when two copies are present). Therefore, in the given question, T and R are dominant alleles while t and r are recessive alleles.

Given the Genotype above, the expected Phenotype is as follows:

Short and Wrinkled = ttrr

Tall and Round = TTRR, TtRr, TTRr

Tall and wrinkled = TTrr; Ttrr

Short and round = none

learn more about mendelian inheritance

https://brainly.com/question/16365850

#SPJ11

If no new mutations occur, it would be 1 point most reasonable to expect bacterial growth on which of the following plates? * A scientist is using an ampicillin-sensitive strain of bacteria that cannot use lactose because it has a functional gene in the fac operon. She has two plasmids. One contains a functional copy of the affected gene of the lac operon, and the other contains the gene for ampicillin resistance. Using restriction enzymes and DNA ligase, she forms a recombinant plasmid containing both genes. She then adds a high concentration of the plasmid to a tube of the bacteria in a medium for bacterial growth that contains glucose as the only energy source. This tube (+) and a control tube- with similar bacteria but no plasmid we both incubated under the appropriate conditions for growth and plasmid uptake. The scientist then spreads a sample of each bacterial culture (+and) on each of the three types of plates indicated below Glucose Medium Glucose Medium with Ampicillin Glucose Medium with Ampicillin and Lactos Bacterial serin with added plasmid #2 Bacterial strain with no plasmid 4 4 and 6 only 4, 5 and 6 only 3 and 4 only 1 and 2 only О 1, 2, 3 and 4 only

Answers

If no new mutations occur, the most reasonable plates to expect bacterial growth on are 1 and 2 only.

This is because the bacteria in tubes 1 and 2 have been exposed to the recombinant plasmid containing the gene for ampicillin resistance and the functional copy of the affected gene of the lac operon. Therefore, the bacteria in these tubes will be able to grow on glucose medium with ampicillin and lactose medium. The bacteria in tubes 3 and 4 have not been exposed to the recombinant plasmid and therefore, they will not be able to grow on glucose medium with ampicillin and lactose medium.

More on mutation: https://brainly.com/question/30357229

#SPJ11

plasma . plasma . is mainly composed of plasma proteins does not contain sodium or calcium makes up less than 37 percent of a blood sample contains mostly water

Answers

Plasma is mainly composed of water.

Plasma is the fluid portion of blood that accounts for around 55% of total blood volume. It is made up mostly of water, with other molecules like hormones, nutrients, electrolytes, and plasma proteins dissolved in it.

Plasma is essential to life since it is responsible for transporting all of these molecules throughout the body. They are the largest and most complex of plasma molecules.

Plasma is the liquid portion of blood and is composed mainly of water (91-92%), with proteins (7-8%) and other substances (1%) making up the remainder. Also, plasma proteins do not contain sodium or calcium.

The correct answer is that plasma is mostly composed of water. Plasma consists of 90 percent water and 10 percent solutes, including nutrients, electrolytes, and gases.

Learn more about plasma here:

https://brainly.com/question/950535

#SPJ11

describe the four protein chains that make up the immunoglobulin monomer, and draw a typicalmonomer immunoglobulin in the box below. label the variable regions and constant regions

Answers

Immunoglobulins (antibodies) are made up of four protein chains that make up the immunoglobulin monomer. There are two light chains and two heavy chains. These chains are connected by disulfide bonds that form Y-shaped molecules.

The immunoglobulin monomer is a single Y-shaped molecule consisting of four protein chains: two identical light chains and two identical heavy chains. Variable regions are shown in blue, and constant regions are shown in green.

The variable regions are unique to each antibody, allowing it to recognize and bind to specific antigens. The constant regions are the same in all antibodies of the same class (e.g. IgG, IgM), and they determine the functional properties of the antibody.

Here you can learn more about immunoglobulin monomer

https://brainly.com/question/28329158#

#SPJ11  

in a sanger sequencing reaction, deoxyribonucleotides terminate a replicating segment of dna, while dideoxyribonucleotides allow it to continue.T/F

Answers

The statement is False. In a Sanger sequencing reaction, deoxyribonucleotides terminate a replicating segment of DNA, while dideoxyribonucleotides allow it to continue.

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a complex molecule that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and function of all living organisms. DNA is composed of four types of nucleotides: adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine. These nucleotides are arranged in a specific order to form a sequence that is unique to each individual organism.

The sequence of DNA is responsible for determining an organism's physical characteristics, such as eye color, hair texture, and height, as well as its susceptibility to certain diseases. DNA is located in the nucleus of a cell and is organized into structures called chromosomes. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, while other organisms may have different numbers.

To learn more about DNA visit here:

brainly.com/question/30006059

#SPJ4

Which natural disaster starts over the ocean, pushes storm surges onto shore, and causes flooding?

Flood
Tornado
Hurricane
Wildfire

Answers

the answer is hurricane

what is the margin of error in bioelectrical impedance analysis?

Answers

The margin of error in bioelectrical impedance analysis is typically around 3-5%.

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a technique for determining body composition. It works by sending a small, harmless electric current through the body and measuring how quickly it passes through various tissues. This information can be used to calculate the body's muscle mass, fat mass, and water content.

Most bioelectrical impedance analysis devices have a margin of error of around 3-5%. However, this can vary depending on a variety of factors, including the device used, the person being tested, and the conditions under which the test is performed.

In general, BIA is considered to be a fairly accurate method of measuring body composition, especially when compared to other non-invasive techniques such as skinfold calipers or hydrostatic weighing.

For such more question on bioelectrical:

https://brainly.com/question/29523755

#SPJ11

Which feature unites paramecia, malarial parasites, and dinoflagellates into a single group? A. The use of cillia. B. The presence of a nucleus

Answers

The feature that unites paramecia, malarial parasites, and dinoflagellates into a single group is the presence of a nucleus. The correct option is B.

Paramecia are single-celled microorganisms that belong to the phylum Ciliophora. They are unicellular and are characterized by the presence of cilia and two types of nuclei: micronucleus and macronucleus.Malarial parasites are the organisms that cause malaria, a disease that affects millions of people worldwide. The parasites belong to the Plasmodium species and are transmitted through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes.Dinoflagellates are a group of single-celled aquatic organisms that are characterized by two flagella, one wrapped around their waist and the other extending behind. They are photosynthetic and are found in freshwater and marine environments.Therefore, the feature that unites paramecia, malarial parasites, and dinoflagellates into a single group is the presence of a nucleus.Therefore, the correct option is 'B' the presence of a nucleus.

Learn more about Paramecia https://brainly.com/question/2784341

#SPJ11

Animals of one common phylum are NOT bilaterians but are eumetazoans. What phylum is it? A. Chordata B. Annelida C. Porifera D. Cnidaria

Answers

Animals of one common phylum are NOT bilaterians but are eumetazoans is cnidaria. The existence of cnidae in these organisms distinguishes them.

Some of these species include corals, sea anemones, jellyfish, and hydras. Asymmetrical organisms belong to the phylum Porifera. Radially symmetrical organisms are found in the phyla Cnidaria and Ctenophora. All of the following phyla, including Platyhelminthes, exhibit bilateral symmetry. Bilateral symmetry, often referred to as plane symmetry, is exhibited by 99% of all animals and is common in the majority of phyla, including Chordata, Annelida, Arthropoda, Platyzoa, Nematoda, and most Mollusca. Animals from the phyla Porifera, Cnidaria, Ctenophora, and Placozoa make up the non-bilaterian animals.

To know more about Cnidaria, click here:

https://brainly.com/question/29942269

#SPJ4

a cell with two complete sets of chromosomes is a cell.

Answers

A cell that has two full sets of chromosomes is said to be diploid. Two full sets of chromosomes are present in a diploid cell.

The majority of human cells are diploid, with 23 chromosomal pairs totaling 46 chromosomes. This consists of a pair of sex chromosomes and 22 pairs of autosomes. Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of cells in both plants and animals, including humans.

There are 46 chromosomes in all, including 22 pairs of numbered chromosomes (autosomes) and one pair of sex chromosomes (XX or XY). DNA may be precisely duplicated during these cell divisions thanks to chromosomes. So, once more. Our cells' nuclei include chromosomes, which enable precise DNA duplication during cell division. This guarantees that our internal processes go forward.

Learn more about chromosomes Visit: brainly.com/question/11912112

#SPJ4

Correct Question:

A cell with two complete sets of chromosomes is a cell called _____.

The ____ are parasitic and infect with special cells called sporozoites. a) ciliates b) dinoflagellates c) apicomplexans d) Giardia. e) apicomplexans.

Answers

The apicomplexans are parasitic and infect with special cells called sporozoites that is option C.

The eukaryotic protozoan parasites known as apicomplexan parasites are related to ciliates and dinoflagellates. Four decades ago, the division of Apicomplexa into Conoidasida and Aconoidasida indicated the presence or lack of a certain ring-containing apical cell structure known as the conoid.

The cell type that infects the fresh hosts is called a sporozoite. For instance, the sporozoites in Plasmodium are cells that develop in a mosquito's salivary gland, leave the insect after a blood meal, and then go to the liver cells where they proliferate. These sporozoite-infected cells eventually rupture and discharge merozoites into the circulation.

The sporozoites move by gliding, and this movement is what makes them motile. These sporozoites replicate and develop into merozoites in the liver.

Learn more about Apicomplexans:

https://brainly.com/question/30229901

#SPJ4

what potential ecological factor led to the cambrian explosion? explain how this led to a rapid diversification of lineages? use specific terminology when explaining.

Answers

The sudden increase in level of oxygen gas is the most potential factor leading to Cambrian explosion.

What are the factors in Cambrian explosion?

The potential ecological factor that led to the Cambrian explosion is an increase in oxygen levels in the atmosphere, which made it possible for animals to grow larger and more complex. The rapid diversification of lineages was due to the availability of new habitats and niches, as well as the evolution of new predator-prey relationships and other ecological interactions. Specific terminology includes adaptive radiation, niche differentiation, and coevolution.

The Cambrian explosion refers to the sudden appearance of a wide range of animal life forms in the fossil record during the Cambrian period, which lasted from approximately 541 to 485 million years ago. One of the potential ecological factors that contributed to the Cambrian explosion was an increase in atmospheric oxygen levels. This allowed animals to grow larger and more complex, as oxygen is necessary for energy-intensive activities such as movement, respiration, and the development of complex tissues and organs. As a result, animals were able to occupy new habitats and ecological niches, including the seafloor, where they could burrow, crawl, and swim in search of food and shelter. This led to the evolution of new body plans, feeding strategies, and other adaptations that allowed animals to exploit their new environments and interact with other species in novel ways.

Learn more about Cambrian explosion here:

https://brainly.com/question/11986153

#SPJ11

HIV infection leads to AIDS when ___ during viral replication lead to the production of viral particles that can infect ___ cells, allowing cancers and opportunistic infections to invade the body of the patient.

Answers

HIV infection leads to AIDS when errors during viral replication lead to the production of viral particles that can infect immune system cells allowing cancer and opportunistic infections to invade the patient's body.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus infection that damages the immune system over time, leading to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). As HIV infects and destroys white blood cells, the body becomes unable to protect itself against infection and disease, making it more susceptible to opportunistic infections.

AIDS reduces the number of CD4 T-cells in the body and when these fall below the normal level they make people vulnerable to infections and cancer.

Learn more about AIDS at https://brainly.com/question/28546697

#SPJ11

coenzymes are nonprotein compounds that are required for the activity of certain enzymes. one critical coenzyme central to metabolism is nad . in fact it is one of 5 coenzymes required by______ , the critical enzyme for producing acetyl-coa. nad is synthesized from_____ as was discovered to be critical for health by two american scientists, ______ , in the early 20th century. dietary lack of this critical molecule produces pellagra, characterized by the following symptoms: _____ . people with these problems were found in parts of the u.s. where diets lacked vegetables and consisted principally of corn. interestingly, soaking the corn in ____, a common practice in mexico, releases the critical coenzyme from proteins, making it bioavailable,

Answers

Coenzymes are nonprotein compounds that are required for the activity of certain enzymes. one critical coenzyme central to metabolism is nad . in fact it is one of 5 coenzymes required by pyruvate dehydrogenase, the critical enzyme for producing acetyl-coa. nad is synthesized from niacin (vitamin B3) as was discovered to be critical for health by two american scientists, Joseph Goldberger and Tom Spies, in the early 20th century. dietary lack of this critical molecule produces pellagra, characterized by the following symptoms: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and death. people with these problems were found in parts of the u.s. where diets lacked vegetables and consisted principally of corn. interestingly, soaking the corn in alkaline, a common practice in mexico, releases the critical coenzyme from proteins, making it bioavailable,

NAD is required by pyruvate dehydrogenase. Joseph Goldberger and Tom Spies discovered niacin (vitamin B3). Symptoms of pellagra include dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and death. Corn is soaked in alkaline.Coenzymes are nonprotein compounds that are required for the activity of certain enzymes. One critical coenzyme central to metabolism is NAD. In fact, it is one of the 5 coenzymes required by pyruvate dehydrogenase, the critical enzyme for producing acetyl-CoA. NAD is synthesized from niacin (vitamin B3) and was discovered to be critical for health by two American scientists, Joseph Goldberger and Tom Spies, in the early 20th century. Dietary lack of this critical molecule produces pellagra, characterized by the following symptoms: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and death.People with these problems were found in parts of the U.S. where diets lacked vegetables and consisted principally of corn. Interestingly, soaking corn in alkaline, a common practice in Mexico, releases the critical coenzyme from proteins, making it bioavailable.

Learn more about Coenzymes: https://brainly.com/question/24066145

#SPJ11

22. For the past 10 to 25 years, farmers have planted erop seeds that have been genctically modified spray their fields to get rid of weeds without harming their crops. Recently, more and more ers have discovered that their fields have Roundup-resistant pigweed growing along with their crop. Use what you've learned in this activity to explain how this came about. 23. Many popular products from hand soap to clothing advertise that they have antibacterial quali- ties. Most microbiologists recommend against their routine use in our daily lives. How can you explain this using your knowledge from this activity?

Answers

22. Farmers have been using the same pesticide frequently for many years, which has led to the issue of Roundup-resistant pigweed.

Only plants that are naturally resistant to the herbicide survive in this environment and pass on their resistance genes to their progeny.

This eventually creates a population of weeds that are immune to the herbicide and impossible to eradicate.

23. Advertising for antibacterial products frequently touts their ability to destroy germs, including hand soap and clothing.

However, excessive usage of these items can result in the emergence of microorganisms that are resistant to antibiotics.

This occurs when bacteria are repeatedly exposed to the same antibiotic, creating an environment where only naturally resistant germs may survive and proliferate.

This eventually creates a population of bacteria that are immune to the antibiotic and are no longer destroyed by it.

In order to prevent the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, microbiologists advise against using antibacterial products on a regular basis in our daily lives.

Herbicides

Pigweed resistance to Roundup is a problem brought on by farmers' excessive dependence on a single pesticide. Roundup has been used repeatedly over a long period of time as a result of the adoption of genetically modified crops that are resistant to herbicides.

Only the plants that are naturally resistant to the herbicide will survive and reproduce in this environment. The resulting population of herbicide-resistant weeds can then emerge as a result of these plants' ability to pass on their resistance genes to their progeny.

Due to this issue, Roundup is less effective, and farmers are forced to use more costly and frequently ineffective management techniques.

Anti-bacterial products

Antibacterial products are meant to kill bacteria, however, using them excessively can cause the emergence of microorganisms that are resistant to antibiotics.

Only bacteria that are naturally resistant to the antibiotic may survive and grow in an environment where that antibiotic has been used repeatedly. This can eventually result in a population of bacteria that are immune to the antibiotic and are difficult to cure.

This is a significant problem since it lessens the efficiency of antibiotics and makes it more challenging to treat bacterial infections. In order to help prevent the development of bacterial diseases, it is crucial to minimize the regular use of antibacterial products and rely on excellent hygiene practices.

learn more about microbiologists here

https://brainly.com/question/1013145

#SPJ1

keratin is a protein expressed in skin but not in white blood cells. how many alleles for keratin are in gametes?

Answers

In gametes, there are either one (if the person is homozygous) or two keratin genes (if the individual is heterozygous).

The number of alleles for keratin in gametes depends on the genetic makeup of the individual. Keratin is a protein that is expressed in skin cells but not in white blood cells. It is encoded by a gene that is present in the genome of an individual, and each person inherits two copies of this gene (one from each parent).

These two copies, or alleles, may be identical or different, and they determine the individual's genetic information for keratin. If both alleles are the same, the individual is homozygous for that gene. If the alleles are different, the individual is heterozygous.

During meiosis, the process by which gametes are formed, the two alleles for each gene segregate, meaning that each gamete receives only one of the two alleles.

Therefore, the number of alleles for keratin in gametes is either one (if the individual is homozygous) or two (if the individual is heterozygous).

To learn more about gametes refer to

brainly.com/question/29882202

#SPJ4

place the events of the flint water crisis in chronological order.

Answers

The events of the flint water crisis in chronological order are:-

The water source for Flint residents was switched from Lake Huron to Flint River.Public protests and complaints broke out about health problems.City officials denied there was a problem.Researchers reported elevated levels of lead.City officials restored the water source to Lake Huron.

Flint water is a term used to refer to the drinking water supply in Flint, Michigan that was contaminated with high levels of lead and other toxic substances. The crisis began in 2014 when the city switched its water source from Lake Huron to the Flint River without properly treating the water to prevent corrosion of the aging pipes.

Lead is a toxic heavy metal that can cause serious health problems, particularly in children and pregnant women. Exposure to lead can lead to developmental delays, behavioral problems, and impaired cognitive function. Other toxic substances found in the water included bacteria, carcinogenic chemicals, and disinfection byproducts.

To learn more about Flint water visit here:

brainly.com/question/20987410

#SPJ4

what is the process where the best adapted individuals in a population survive and reproduce to pass on their traits to their offspring?

Answers

The process where the best adapted individuals in a population survive and reproduce to pass on their traits to their offspring is known as Natural Selection.

Natural selection is a mechanism of evolution in which organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. The term "survival of the fittest" is often used to describe natural selection, but it can be misleading because it suggests that survival is a matter of strength or power.

However, natural selection actually favors organisms that are better suited to their environment, which may involve a variety of traits such as speed, camouflage, or the ability to survive on limited resources. The traits that are favored by natural selection are passed on to the next generation, while less advantageous traits are not.

Natural selection operates on the genetic variation that exists in a population, and the outcome of natural selection is the adaptation of organisms to their environment.

For such more question on offspring:

https://brainly.com/question/471576

#SPJ11

which of the following pairs is not correctly paired? select an answer and submit. for keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a synovial joint - freely moving b pubic symphysis - cartilaginous joint c skull sutures - amphiarthrosis d all are correctly paired

Answers

The options which are correctly paired include synovial joint - freely moving and pubic symphysis - cartilaginous joint. Thus, the incorrect pair will be C.

What is Amphiarthrosis?


Amphiarthrosis refers to a type of joint that is slightly moveable. Whereas, the skull sutures are fibrous joints and they are immovable in nature. Thus, the skull sutures are not correctly paired with amphiarthrosis.

A synovial joint refers to a type of joint in which the bones are separated by a cavity which is filled with synovial fluid. Synovial fluid is the fluid which helps to reduce the frictional force between the bones and also nourishes the articular cartilage that covers the surfaces of the bones.

A pubic symphysis refers to the type of cartilaginous joint which connects the pubic bones of the pelvis in the body together. It is classified as a symphysis because of the presence of fibrocartilage that binds the bones together.

The skull sutures are immovable joints which bind the bones of the skull part together. They are classified as the fibrous joints and are formed by the union of connective tissue fibers present between the bones. They are important because they can help in the growth and overall development of the skull bones during the period of childhood.

Therefore, the correct option will be C.

Learn more about Amphiarthrosis here:

https://brainly.com/question/11701381


#SPJ11

Describe the three different types of bipedalism. For each one, be sure to discuss the frequency of bipedal locomotion, describe the extent of bipedal adaptations, provide at least one sample primate who practices this type of bipedalism, and describe why the sample primate uses this form of bipedalism

Answers

There are three main types of bipedalism: facultative, obligate, and facultative-obligate.

Facultative bipedalism is the most common, and it occurs when primates walk bipedally but also move around on all fours. Examples of primates with facultative bipedalism include baboons, chimpanzees, and gorillas. These primates use bipedalism as a way to transport objects, to feed, and to reach things that are otherwise out of reach.

Obligate bipedalism occurs when primates move around on two legs only and do not move around on all fours. Humans are a classic example of obligate bipedalism, as we are almost exclusively bipedal when we move around. Other primates who exhibit obligate bipedalism include macaques, vervets, and lorises. They use bipedalism to navigate through dense forests, which is helpful for accessing fruits and other resources in the treetops.

Finally, facultative-obligate bipedalism occurs when primates occasionally move around on all fours and at other times move around on two legs only. Gibbons and siamangs are examples of primates who exhibit facultative-obligate bipedalism. They use bipedalism as a way to move quickly between trees, and they use all fours when they are climbing.

For more such questions on bipedalism, click on:

https://brainly.com/question/28566568

#SPJ11

Other Questions
According to the text, labeling oneself as shy, depressed, or under the influence of alcohol can serve a(n) _______ function.A.) anger-reducingB.) self-handicappingC.) concurrence-seekingD.) group-identification on saturday a local hamburger shop sold a combined total of 416 hamburgers and cheeseburgers.the number of cheeseburgers sold was three times the number of hamburgers sold. how many hamburgers were sold? Suppose a bank faces a gap of -10 between its interest sensitive assets and its interest sensitive liabilities. What would happen to bank profits if interest rates were to fall by 1% point. You should report your answer in terms of the change in profit per $100 in assets Find the center of mass of a thin plate of constant density delta covering the given region. The region bounded by the parabola y = 3x - x^2 and the line y = -3x The center of mass is. (Type an ordered pair.) A shop is having a 40% sale. A jumper originally costs 50. How much will it be in sale? What action does Swift tell his readers his proposal will prevent? a. The overproduction of poor childrenb. The abortion or murder of children unwanted by their parentsc. The practice of charging high rents that the poor cannot affordd. Frequent cannibalism among the poor based on the clip from the video tutorial, elliptical editing in vagabond produces what effects? check all that apply. andrew is buying a cell phone that has a regular price of $485. the cell phone is on sale for 35% off the regular price. what will be the sale price? A 63-year-old man is seen in the clinic with a chief complaint of nocturia. Which of the following is the most common sign of a prostatic problems in men with nocturia?A. Psychogenic nocturiaB. Urethral polypC. Irritative posterior urethral lesionD. Benign prostatic hypertrophy The Ford F-150 is the best selling truck in the United States.The average gas tank for this vehicle is 23 gallons. On a longhighway trip, gas is used at a rate of about 3.2 gallons per hour.The gallons of gas g in the vehicle's tank can be modeled by theequation g(t)=23 -3.2t where t is the time (in hours).a) Identify the domain and range of the function. Then graphthe function.b) At the end of the trip there are 6.4 gallons left. How longwas the trip? Which of the following random variables can be approximated to discrete distribution and continuous distribution? a. b. C. d. The wages of academician and non-academician workers in UPSI. The time taken to submit online quiz answer's document. The prices of SAMSUM mobile phones displayed at a phone shop The number of pumps at Shell petrol stations in Perak. [2 marks] 10% chance of contamination by a particular Underline the verbs and give their tenses."Every little thing that you say or doI'm hung upI'm hung up on youWaiting for your call, baby, night and dayI'm fed upI'm tired of waiting on you" Identify a true statement about closing techniques used in a major sale. Multiple Choice oSalespeople are advised to concentrate on closing orders rather than on developing relationships with customers. oA high-pressure close is necessary when the salesperson has done a good job throughout the process of obtaining commitment oClosing receives very little emphasis in sales training. oReliance on closing techniques instead of engaging in identifying needs and providing solutions reduces the chances of making a sale. oAn emphasis on getting the sale no matter what raises the possibility of getting a commitment. Find x, if x +2y^2 = 15 and 4x - 4y^2=6pls help very soon mary has come to the medical office complaining of an infection involving her left great toenail. which of the following tests will the practitioner order for this condition? Find the definite integral of f(x)=fraction numerator 1 over denominator x squared plus 10 invisible times x plus 25 end fraction for x[5,7] based on the historical situation in which the speech was given, hitlers most significant motivation for giving the speech was likely to continue to A nurse is teaching a client who has heart failure about engaging in an exercise program. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I will slow my walking pace of I experience chest pain."B. "I will work to achieve 60 minutes of exercise each day."C. "I will wait 30 min after eating before exercising."D. "I will make sure I can still talk while exercising." Find the missing side of each triangle round your answers to the nearest 10th problem 8-68 (lo 8-3) (algo) skip to question [the following information applies to the questions displayed below.] eva received $62,000 in compensation payments from jazz corporation during 2022. eva incurred $5,500 in business expenses relating to her work for jazz corporation jazz did not reimburse eva for any of these expenses. eva is single and deducts a standard deduction of $12,950. based on these facts, answer the following questions: use tax rate schedule for reference. note: leave no answer blank. enter zero if applicable. round your intermediate and final answers to the nearest whole dollar amount.