Which of the following situations best describes a positive externality?

External benefits are necessarily greater than private benefits situations best describe a Positive Externality.

When a benefit accrues to a third person, there is a positive externality. By taxing products and services that result in spillover costs, the government can deter negative externalities. By providing subsidies for products and services that have positive spillover effects, the government can promote positive externalities. An advantage of creating or using a product is known as a positive externality. For instance, because people learn and develop skills for careers and their lives, education is a beneficial externality of school. Negative externalities, in contrast, are a cost of production or consumption. When a third party incurs expenses as a result of the creation or consumption of a good, this is known as a negative externality. Negative externalities are frequently shown by instances of air and noise pollution.

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3. Which of the following best describes the function of lines 5–6 ("Is it that…received”) in the context of the passage as a whole?

A. It suggests that the audience’s attitude toward the British is easily swayed, proving the speaker’s claim.
B. It encourages the audience to acknowledge Britain’s efforts to appease them, winning the audience’s trust.
C. It challenges the audience’s perception of the British, laying the foundation for the speaker’s main argument.
D. It introduces the audience to the British perspective, allowing the speaker to compare and contrast the actions of the British.
E. It highlights the audience’s loyalty toward the British, allowing the speaker to applaud the audience’s faithfulness.

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5. In the second paragraph (lines 9–14), the speaker makes which of the following claims about the British response to the colonists?
A. By deploying their fleets, the British have shown their willingness to listen to and negotiate with the colonists.
B. When the colonists insisted on challenging the British monarch, the king had no choice but to send troops in response.
C. With their acceptance of British assurances, the colonists have relinquished any hope of staving off the British military.
D. Due to their insistence on remaining in good standing with the British, the colonists ushered in British military occupation.
E. Through their militaristic response, the British have shifted the confrontation away from diplomacy and toward war.

Which of the following is not true about theme? A Theme can be applied to our own lives. B There can be multiple themes in a story. C Theme is the main idea of a story. D Story elements like setting and conflict help develop theme.

(a) What is the historical context of the speech? Your response should be 1-2 sentences in length.

(b) What events does it reflect? Your response should be 1-2 sentences in length.

(c) What intentions for Reconstruction does it reveal? Your response should be 2-3 sentences in length.

Excerpt from President Abraham Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address, 1865
If we shall suppose that American Slavery is one of those offences which, in the providence of God, must needs come, but which, having continued through His appointed time, He now wills to remove, and that He gives to both North and South, this terrible war, as the woe due to those by whom the offence came, shall we discern therein any departure from those divine attributes which the believers in a Living God always ascribe to Him? Fondly do we hope—fervently do we pray—that this mighty scourge of war may speedily pass away. Yet, if God wills that it continue, until all the wealth piled by the bond-man's two hundred and fifty years of unrequited toil shall be sunk, and until every drop of blood drawn with the lash, shall be paid by another drawn with the sword, as was said three thousand years ago, so still it must be said "the judgments of the Lord, are true and righteous altogether."

With malice toward none; with charity for all; with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in; to bind up the nation's wounds; to care for him who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow, and his orphan—to do all which may achieve and cherish a just, and a lasting peace, among ourselves, and with all nations.

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33. The writer is considering adding the following sentence after sentence 6.
In fact, some research shows that there are indeed positive effects.
Should the writer add this sentence?
A. Yes, because it provides commentary that helps explain why the evidence in sentence 7 is relevant to the central argument.
B. Yes, because it signals a continuation of the main claim that the writer argued in the previous paragraph.
C. Yes, because it provides an observation that counters the evidence the writer provides in sentence 7.
D. No, because it alludes to evidence without contextualizing it in relation to the central claim the writer makes in the paragraph.
E. No, because it shifts the line of reasoning away from the potential drawbacks of technology to the potential advantages.

Pollution in an ocean ecosystem has caused a significant drop in sea otter population. Within a year, scientists monitoring the ecosystem note that the sea urchin population on which the otters feed has greatly increased. The prevalence of sea urchins has caused the kelp and algae populations on which the urchins feed to decrease. The scientists fear the urchins will also begin to overwhelm the ecosystem's fragile coral population. Which species is most likely the keystone species in the ecosystem?

Algae
Coral
Sea otters
Sea urchin