A tariff is a tax imposed by government of one country on the goods and services imported from another country. Therefore, the correct option is 4th.
Tariff is imposed majorly to protect the domestic producers, but the government also imposes tariffs to reduce imports from other countries, thereby promoting the use of domestic products. Besides being a source of revenue for the government, import duties can also be a form of regulation of foreign trade and policy that taxes foreign products to encourage or safeguard domestic industry. Some of the benefits of imposing tariffs are:
Protection to producers.Preserve national security.Reduction of innovation.Avoiding unemployment.Tariffs should be imposed by the government when there is a potential threat or harm to domestic manufacturers or based on requests. The importing firm pays tariffs to the country's government where the goods are imported.
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The complete question would be: Which of the following is a tax imposed on the imported goods or products?
SubsidyQuota EmbargoTariffWherein, a subsidy is a monetary gift from the government. A quota is an amount of something. An embargo is a ban on trade with a country.
A financial statement that reports assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity on a specific date is called: _______
The term "balance sheet" refers to a financial statement that lists assets, liabilities, and owner's equity as of a certain date.
Why is money significant?The majority of financial research focuses on issues relating to money. To everyone or any business, it is a crucial element. It is crucial to a business since all companies need to make money to survive. Because of this, it is thought of as a specialized business in need of trained personnel.
What is fundamental financial understanding?This information aids in risk management and preserving the stability of the financial system. Accounts, mobile and internet banking, debit and credit cards, checks, PAN cards, ATM awareness, loans, investments, insurance, and taxes are covered in the financial fundamentals.
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if a taxpayer fills out their w-4 in a way that does not withhold enough money to cover their tax obligation, what is the most likely outcome after they file their taxes?
If a taxpayer fills out their W-4 in a way that does not withhold enough money to cover their tax obligation, they may end up owing money when they file their taxes.
What is a taxpayer?
Generally, This can happen if the taxpayer did not have enough tax withheld from their paychecks during the year or if they received additional income that was not subject to withholding, such as self-employment income or income from renting out a property.
If taxpayer owes money when they file their taxes, they will need to pay the amount due by the tax filing deadline, which is typically April 15th of the following year. If the taxpayer is unable to pay the full amount due, they may be able to set up a payment plan with the IRS to pay the balance over time. However, interest and penalties may accrue on the unpaid balance.
It is important for taxpayers to make sure that they are having enough tax withheld from their paychecks throughout the year. This can help to avoid the possibility of owing money when they file their taxes and can also help to avoid underpayment penalties.
Taxpayers can use the IRS's Withholding Calculator to help determine the appropriate amount of tax to have withheld from their paychecks.
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strategy is an integrated and coordinated set of commitments and actions to develop core competencies and gain a competitive advantage. b. core competencies are resources and capabilities that can be developed through r
The goal of company strategy is to create core skills and acquire a competitive advantage. A coordinated and integrated set of promises and actions is a strategy. If a resource or skill is precious, uncommon, expensive to duplicate, and non-replaceable, it qualifies as a core competency.
What is strategy and example?A company's strategy refers to its long-term goals as well as the strategy it has in place to reach those goals. In other terms, it serves as an example of the plan used to accomplish the stated objective. A tactic is a specific action that is carried out in order to achieve the goals set forth in the strategy. All common elements of strategy include establishing objectives and goals, selecting actions to achieve the goals, then allocating to carry out the tasks.
Why is strategy very important?Our business's purpose is defined and given a set of values by our strategy. It facilitates our comprehension of what true success implies. It offers a route for our company, outlines our destination, and recommends helpful rest stops along the way. The secret to determining the most crucial components of a strategic plan is to select goals and objectives that maximize your potential while minimizing resource usage and risk.
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a car is purchased for . after each year, the resale value decreases by . what will the resale value be after years? use the calculator provided and round your answer to the nearest dollar.
A car is purchased for . after each year, the resale value decreases by, 24,000 in lost value making the car's value zero .
If it lost 20% of its value in the first year, it would have lost 100% of its value by the fifth year, making it worthless.
In the first year, 20/100*24000 equals $4,800.
The value will be after the first year.
Consequently, the value will be in five years.
4800*5= $24,000 in lost value making the car's value zero .
In an effort to shop more responsibly and find a new home for the things in their closet that they no longer want, consumers are turning more and more to secondhand and antique clothing, which has led to a huge rise in the demand of resale in recent years.
Your minor purchases from resale shops, such as a pair of jeans or a formal dress, have a significant influence on the environment. Buying used clothing enables you to carry on the memories of the deceased through your choices.
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The correct question is :
A car is purchased for $24,000 . After each year, the resale value decreases by 20% . What will the resale value be after 5 years? Use the calculator provided and round your answer to the nearest dollar.
acorn corporation is considering a project with an initial cash outlay of $50,000 and expected after-tax inflows of $20,000, $40,000 and $6,000 over the three-year life of the project, respectively. is 13% the irr of this project?
IRR is $5313.28,IRR is helpful in instances where it is challenging to calculate a discount rate or when evaluating several projects side by side.
IRR is sometimes preferred over NPV, when?IRR is helpful in instances where it is challenging to calculate a discount rate or when evaluating several projects side by side. When there are several discount rates or different future cash flow directions, the NPV is preferable.
IRR can be calculated manually by following these steps: Identify two potential discount rates. Pick two discount rates that you'll employ before you start your calculations. Be sure to figure out the net present values. Using the two values you choose in step one, figure out the net present values based on each estimation. Make an IRR calculation.
Top response, we calculate IRR at NPV=0 as 20000/1.13 + 40000/1.13 + 6000/1.13 = $5313.28.
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explain how a subsidy to producers can correct for a positive externality. a subsidy can correct for a positive externality because
A tax can correct for a negative externality, while a producer subsidy can correct for a positive externality. This is because the tax moves the expense to the businesses, reducing output while the subsidy boosts supply.
There are many different types of subsidies, such as direct (cash gifts, interest-free loans) and indirect (tax breaks, insurance, low-interest loans, accelerated depreciation, rent rebates). They can also be general or specific, legitimate or prohibited, and moral or immoral.Governments may offer cash, tax exemptions, or other forms of financial support to specific companies or economic sectors called subsidiesSubsidies are intended to support or sustain elements of a nation's infrastructure or economy that are seen as being crucial.To know more about Subsidy here
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why might it be better to lean against credit-driven bubbles rather than just clean up after other types of asset bubbles burst?
Although there is less collateral damage when an asset bubble collapses than when a credit-driven bubble does, macroeconomic coverage failure occurs when a credit-driven bubble does in a financial system.
When a bubble bursts, the price decrease that follows causes unsustainable investment schemes, especially but not exclusively speculative and/or Ponzi investments, to fail. This consumer and investor confidence crisis could during a bubble, investors keep pushing an asset's price higher than.
Eventually, when prices fall and demand declines, the bubble "bursts." As a result, consumer and business expenditures are typically reduced, which may cause the economy to slow down.In light of the information provided.Compared to a credit-driven bubble, there is less collateral damage when an asset bubble explodes.
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in 2007, about how many percent of people with private health insurance in the u.s. received it as an employer-provided benefit?
In 2007, the percentage of people with private health insurance in the Unite States, that received it as an employer-provided benefit is
88 percentWhat is private health insurance?As contrast to government-run insurance programs, private health insurance refers to health insurance policies promoted by the private health insurance business.
Approximately half of Americans currently have access to private health insurance. Employer-sponsored health insurance includes these plans.
Private health insurance is heavily regulated both at the state and federal levels even though it is not managed by the government. What healthcare services must be covered by group and individual health plans is frequently addressed by regulations and laws.
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a company buys electronic components, assembles them into pcs, and then ships them to customers. in this case the electronic components are for the company. a.inputs b.processes c.products d.outputs e.services
A business purchases electronic parts put them together into computers, and then sends them to clients. In this instance, the company's inputs are the electronic components.
What is the name of the electronic component?Other names for the same item include an electronic device, a circuit element, or an electronic component. a fundamental component, often a single package with two or more leads or metal contacts, of an electronic circuit
what are the types of electronic components available?Diodes, resistors, transistors, capacitors, inductors, and resistors are some of the components that make it up. The components are linked together using conductive wires or traces. A circuit, however, can only be said to be finished if it forms a loop and begins and ends at the same location.
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What Is An Example Of Opportunity Cost In Your Life?
lebleu, incorporated, is considering a project that will result in initial aftertax cash savings of $2.9 million at the end of the first year, and these savings will grow at a rate of 2 percent per year indefinitely. the firm has a target debt-equity ratio of .75, a cost of equity of 10 percent, and an aftertax cost of debt of 4.6 percent. the cost-saving proposal is somewhat riskier than the usual project the firm undertakes; management uses the subjective approach and applies an adjustment factor of +3 percent to the cost of capital for such risky projects. what is the maximum inital cost the company would be willing to pay for the project? (do not round intermediate calculations and and enter your answer in dollars, not millions of dollars, rounded to the nearest whole number, e.g., 1,234,567.)
The maximum initial cost the company would be willing to pay for the project is $61.7 million.
Given information:
Information disclosed:
PV stands for present value.
The cash flow is CF.
The discount rate is r.
The growth rate is g.
13 percent is equal to 10% plus 3%.
Debt costs 4.6 percent of one's income.
The weight of debt is 0.75, and the weight of equity is 1 minus 0.75, or 0.25.
WACC = (weight of equity × cost of equity) + (weight of debt × cost of debt)
WACC = (0.25 × 13%) + (0.75 × 4.6%)
WACC = 3.25% + 3.45%
WACC = 6.7%
PV = CF / (r - g)
PV = $2.9 million / (6.7% - 2%)
PV = $2.9 million / 4.7%
PV = $61.7 million
Therefore, the maximum initial cost the company would be willing to pay for the project is $61.7 million.
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of the value-neutral incentives to diversify, all of the following are internal firm incentives except: a. overall firm risk reduction. b. low performance. c. stricter interpretation of antitrust laws. d. uncertain future cash flows.
The following value-neutral incentives for diversification are all internal business incentives. WITHOUT: a stronger application of antitrust regulations.
What is antitrust law, in a nutshell?Although mergers and unethical business tactics are generally prohibited by the trade rules, the courts must decide this based on the particular details of each case. Justices have applied antitrust laws to changing markets throughout past, from the time of horse-drawn carriage to the contemporary digital era.
Why do we have antitrust laws?The FTC's responsibility is to enforce the antitrust laws, which are the basic rules of a free market. These regulations improve health competition and protect consumers from corporate mergers and anticompetitive business practices.
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last year, fullerton enterprises had average inventories (raw materials, work-in-process, and finished goods) of $7.5 million. during this same year, the cost of goods sold was $30 million. the company operates 50 weeks per year. what is their inventory turnover? turns (enter your response rounded to two decimal places.)
The $30 million cost of products sold. The business is open 50 weeks a year. The turnover of their inventory is 12.50.
What does the term "turnover" mean?Accounting's idea of turnover demonstrates how quickly a corporation does business. The bills receivable and inventories ratios are the two most used approaches to determining an industry's turnover. The amount of a portfolio sold in a particular month or year is known as turnover in the investment world.
How is turnover rate determined?The quantity of terminations within a given period is divided by the initial employee count to determine the turnover rate. If we have 250 people at the beginning of the year and 10 of them leave their jobs during that time, our turnover rate is 10/200, or 0.05.
Briefing:Inventory turnover rate = cost of items sold / ( average inventory )
=(30)/(7.5)
=4.00
Weeks on hand = (week of operation)/ (inventory turnover rate)
=(50) / (4)
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which of the following is an example of an automatic stabilizer? group of answer choices new environmental regulations increase the number of citizens out of work. social security taxes are raised. congress cuts taxes. economic growth increases budget surplus. congress increases the minimum wage.
The example of an automatic stabilizer is social security taxes are raised. congress cuts taxes.
Automatic stabilizers are functions of the tax and transfer structures that mood the financial system when it overheats and stimulate the economic system while it slumps, without direct intervention by way of policymakers. automatic stabilizers offset fluctuations in economic interest without direct intervention via policymakers.
Computerized stabilizers are a type of fiscal coverage, that's desired by way of Keynesian economics as a device to combat economic slumps and recessions.
The number one gain of the automatic stabilizers is: they require no new legislative movement, so there is no legislative lag before these gear reply to fluctuations in the commercial enterprise cycle.
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is also called procurement. a.purchasing management b.automation c.inventory management d.materials control e.quality control
Purchasing management is also called procurement. The procurement is the term which means to buy or purchase products and services for the selling purpose.
The purchasing management is the management in which the business buys the products in the bundle or stock quantity for the re-selling purpose or to make their business products as taking the raw material or intermediate goods or stocks.
The purchasing management is the management in which the small seller or shopkeeper become unite with the big organization or business to sell their products and give some profit at the end of the year.
The purchasing management is good for those seller who is not able to sell their products.
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automatic stabilizers lead to changes in taxation and government spending as economic output varies. how do automatic stabilizers impact tax revenue and government spending during a recession? tax revenue will decrease and government spending will go up. suppose that the government is required to balance the budget. which is an appropriate discretionary approach during a recession, and what effect would it have to the economy? cut taxes to encourage consumer spending, which would minimize the effects of the recession. invest in public infrastructure that promotes employment and stimulates the economy. cut government spending to equal tax revenue, possibly magnifying the effects of a recession. increase government spending to stimulate the economy, causing an increase in overall aggregate demand.
Automatic stabilizers are mechanisms in the economy that automatically adjust fiscal policy (taxation and government spending) in response to changes in economic output.
During a recession, when economic output decreases, automatic stabilizers lead to a decrease in tax revenue and an increase in government spending.
The first option you provided, "cut taxes to encourage consumer spending, which would minimize the effects of the recession," is an example of discretionary fiscal policy, which refers to conscious decisions made by the government to alter fiscal policy in order to influence economic activity.
The second option you provided, "invest in public infrastructure that promotes employment and stimulates the economy," is also an example of discretionary fiscal policy.
The third option you provided, "cut government spending to equal tax revenue, possibly magnifying the effects of a recession," is not an appropriate discretionary approach during a recession, as it could potentially magnify the negative effects of the recession by reducing overall aggregate demand.
The fourth option you provided, "increase government spending to stimulate the economy, causing an increase in overall aggregate demand," is an appropriate discretionary approach during a recession, as it can help to stimulate the economy by increasing overall aggregate demand and potentially offsetting the negative effects of the recession.
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e.what if the central bank abandons inflation targeting and creates inflation of 10 percent by printing money. if agents (consumers) even after several periods expect that inflation will continue to be 8 percent, what will be the unemployment rate? are agents being rational? why or why not? if agents have adaptive expectations, what will be the expected inflation rate and the unemployment rate in the next period?
Unemployment Rate in the United States is expected to be 3.80 percent by the end of this quarter, according to Trading Economics global macro models and analysts’ expectations.
Are agents being rational?A rational agent or rational being is a person or entity that always aims to perform optimal actions based on given premises and information. A rational agent or rational being is a person or entity that always aims to perform optimal actions based on given premises and information. A rational agent can be anything that makes decisions, typically a person, firm, machine, or software. One widely used gauge of market-based inflation expectations is known as the 10-year breakeven inflation rate. The breakeven rate is calculated by comparing 10-year nominal Treasury yields with yields on 10-year Treasury Inflation Protection Securities (TIPS), whose yield is tied to changes in the CPI. A rational agent or rational being is a person or entity that always aims to perform optimal actions based on given premises and information.
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huan zhang bought a 10-year bond that pays 8.25 percent semiannually for $911.10. what is the yield to maturity on this bond? (round your percentage answer to two d.p.)
Huan Zhang invested $911.10 on a 10-year bond with a semi-annual interest rate of 8.25 percent. This bond has a 9.66% yield until maturity.
What is annual interest rate?The percentage amount you typically see first when comparing financial products is the annual interest rate, also known as the standard annual interest rate or base rate. It's the base rate of interest you'll pay on a loan or earn on a savings account, excluding compounding and other costs. The annual interest generated by a payment due to investors or assessed to borrowers is referred to as the annual percentage rate (APR).The annual percentage rate, or APR, is a measure of the real cost of borrowing money over the course of a loan or the income generated by an investment.The amount charged over the principal amount by the lender is the rate of interest for business loans. These rates range from 11.25% to 33.75% annually.Therefore, the correct option is b) 9.66%
The complete question is:
Huan Zhang bought a 10-year bond that pays 8.25 percent semiannually for $911.10. What is the yield to maturity on this bond? ( Round your percentage answer to two decimal places.)
a. 8.68%
b. 9.66%
c. 10.67%
d. 7.60%
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Pro forma financial statements are prepared at the end of the year and are used to evaluate the performance of managers.
a. True
b. False
False. A pro forma financial statement uses fictitious information or assumptions about potential values to forecast performance over a future period.
What is a pro forma statement used for?A pro forma financial statement uses hypothetical information or assumptions about potential values to forecast performance over a future period. Pro forma financial statements are defined as "financial statements predicted for future periods" in the Financial Accounting online course.Before a proposed transaction, such as an acquisition, merger, change in a company's capital structure, or new capital investment, accountants prepare financial statements using the pro forma approach. These are forecasting tools for the anticipated outcome of the proposed deal.To learn more about Pro forma financial statement refer,
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which closing best expresses a desire to satisfy the customer and signals confidence that the problem has been resolved?
By definition, buying signals are the actions potential customers take that indicate they're close to making a purchase.
What serves as signal for the buyer and sellers?Prices act as a signal to producers as well as consumers. Prices can help customers determine their willingness, ability, and ability to complete the purchase (demand), and they can help producers determine what to produce, how to produce, and for whom to produce. A "strong buy" indicates that the analyst thinks the underlying firm of the stock is currently enjoying or will shortly be experiencing positive financial performance and/or favourable market circumstances. The behaviours potential purchasers take that might suggest they're about to make a purchase choice are known as buying signals. Because they can help you focus on the most promising prospects, purchasing signals are particularly crucial for B2B sales and marketing teams because they can help you save time and close more deals.To learn more about buyer and sellers refer to:
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what can the fed do with each of its three primary tools to implement expansionary monetary policy during a recession
The Fed's three main initiatives to boost the economy are a lower discount rate, the purchase of government assets, and a lower reserve ratio. Another weapon for monetary policy that central banks employ is quantitative easing.
What three tools does the Fed have at its disposal to carry out monetary policy?
The Federal Reserve's "administered rates"—interest on reserve balances, the Overnight Reverse Repurchase Agreement Facility, and the discount rate—are the main instruments of monetary policy. To make sure that these rates are efficient, a further technique known as open market operations is required.
What forms of expansionary policy does the Fed employ?
Reduced reserve requirements for banks, increased purchases of government assets, and lower interest rates are the three tools the Federal Reserve uses to conduct an expansionary monetary policy. The goal of expansionary monetary policy is to make it simpler for people and businesses to borrow money and spend it, both of which help to stimulate the economy.
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ryan is in the process of making critical decisions regarding production operations. he has been tasked with deciding to purchase a machine which will replace 7 employees or keep the 7 employees and train them to increase productivity. he needs an answer for the human resources team in two days. what concept is ryan facing?
Answer:
Explanation:
analytics
for years, some foreign firms hesitated to send women managers on foreign assignments to countries, such as , because the firms assumed the women would not be accepted in the culture that frowned on women working outside the home. a. canada b. england c. australia d. japan
The correct answer is option D that is for years, some foreign firms hesitated to send women managers on foreign assignments to countries, such as, Japan.
This was because the firms assumed the women would not be accepted in the culture that frowned on women working outside the home.
A deeper failure to eradicate or even fight a discriminatory culture that makes it practically impossible for women to progress a profession while raising a family is concealed by Japan's narrowly construed success in integrating women into the workforce.
With a bipolarization of working hours among female employees, the gender difference in Japan's workplace is still clearly visible, casting a fresh shadow over the country's economy's faltering expansion. Women are increasingly making up the workforce in Japan as a whole.
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what is process modeling? group of answer choices illustrates the movement of information between external entities and the processes and data stores within the system. software suites that automate systems analysis, design, and development. a formal, approved document that manages and controls the entire project. involves graphically representing the processes that capture, manipulate, store, and distribute information between a system and its environment.
Multiple Choice Illustrates the movement of information between external entities and the processes and data stores within the system.
What is process Modelling technique?In order for modelling to be successful, there are specific actions that must be taken. These processes entail motivation, attention, retention, and reproduction. In order to improve communication of a process, business process modelling fundamentally entails identifying, outlining, and visualising the entire process. Additional advantages include: enables the removal of superfluous jobs that you can detect. In order to model BPs, the process model includes four different categories of fundamental elements: flow objects (activities, gateways, and events), linking objects (sequence flows, message flows, and relationships), swimlanes, and artefacts. An organisational organization's internal business procedures can be managed and made more efficient by using a process model to visualise them. Typically, this workout requires agility.To learn more about Modelling technique refer to:
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in a world ever sensitive to social and environmental issues, more and more firms are embracing csr and sustainability. such firms are more likely than not to . a. develop closer relations with foreign stakeholders to better understand their needs and work jointly toward solutions b. minimize their contribution to the local community in order to maximize profits c. be reluctant to hire managers from around the world d. favor region-specific csr standards to global csr standards for foreign operations
Firms embracing csr and sustainability are more likely than not to:
A) Develop closer relations with foreign stakeholders to better understand their needs.
Define CSR and sustainability in a firm.
CSR refers to a company's responsibility for its social effect. This encompasses social, environmental, and economic factors. CSR takes several forms depending on the firm. A manufacturer's CSR actions will differ from those of a store, and publicly traded firms face different problems than a family-run SME with deep roots in its region.
The capacity to maintain multiple systems and processes – ecologically, socially, and economically — across time is referred to as sustainability. Sustainability has its roots in natural resource economics, but it has subsequently gained broader currency in terms of sustainable development and social equity.
Hence, Firms embracing csr and sustainability are more likely than not to:
A) Develop closer relations with foreign stakeholders to better understand their needs.
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suppose at her current level of consumption, a person enjoys eating fruit three times as much as eating yogurt. the price of a serving of fruit is $2 and the price of a yogurt is $1. assume she is spending all of her income on these two goods. is the person spending her income (for these two goods) in a manner that maximizes her utrity?
No, the person should increase fruit consumption but decrease yogurt's consumption.
What does income effect mean?The income effect is a change in an individual's or economy's income and how that change affects quantity demanded. For example, John Doe needs more product after a pay raise because he has more disposable income.
How do you know if the income effect is positive or negative?Common goods and services usually have a positive income effect. As income increases, so does demand. And when income falls, demand falls. If demand decreases as income increases, the good or service is likely to be inferior and is said to have a negative income effect.
What are the sources of income?Salary income, Interest income, Dividend income, Profit income, Income from capital gains, rental income, Income from royalties.
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Which of the following is not a non-tariff barrier?
a. voluntary export restraint
b. health and product standards
c. enviromental protection law
d. ad-valorem duties
The one that is not a non-tariff barrier is option D. ad-valorem duties
What is a tariff barriers?Tariff barriers refers to a barrier to trade between particular countries or specific areas involving nations which occurs in the form of abnormally excessive taxes levied by a government on imports or occasionally exports for purposes of protection, support of the balance of payments, or the raising of revenue.
Tariff barriers is also considered to be several tariffs or duties imposed on foreign trade transactions to impose trade restrictions. From the available options, ad-valorem duty is tariff barrier, while the others are non-tariff barriers to trade.
Ad-valorem duty is imposed on import goods as percentage of the total value of goods imported.
Therefore, the correct answer is as given above
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What revenue stream can run into the billions of dollars for some professional sports teams?
Due to the high demand for sponsorships, sports and entertainment companies have unlimited control and can maximize the value of a sponsor by making repeated offers to increase the price.
What is sport? What purpose does it serve?Sports teach people the following things: Working as a team to accomplish a common goal while putting aside personal interests is known as teamwork. Leadership potential Orient several people with diverse backgrounds toward a common goal or objective. A strong leader encourages others to assume leadership positions.Due to the high demand for sponsorships, businesses in the sports and entertainment sectors have complete control and can increase the value of a sponsor by making repeated offers to increase the price.To learn more about Sports refer,
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midyear on july 31st, the andrews corporation's balance sheet reported: total liabilities of $186.494 million cash of $8.040 million total assets of $219.513 million total common stock of $5.080 million. what were the andrews corporation's retained earnings?
Andrew Corporation's retained earnings at midyear July 31st, given the assets and common stock, can be found to be $ 35. 979 million
How to find the retained earnings ?The retained earnings can be found in the extended Accounting equation which is :
Assets = Total liabilities + Common stock and Equity + Retained earnings
Given this formula , the retained earnings for Andrew Corporation is therefore :
Retained earnings = Assets - Total liabilities - Common stock and Equity
= 219.513 + 8. 040 - 186. 494 - 5. 080
= $ 35. 979 million
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reliability refers to a. restoration of the product once it has failed. b. maintenance, repair, or replacement of the product once it has failed. c. the length of time a product can be used before it fails. d. the ratio between uptime and uptime plus downtime.
Reliability refers to The length of time a product can be used before it fails.
Hence, Option C is correct.
Reliability in statistics and psychometrics refers to a measure's general consistency. If a measurement consistently yields similar results, it is said to be very reliable. Reliability in data analysis refers to how simple it is to reproduce a result. For instance, a result is dependable if it is obtained after measuring a cup of rice three times and yielding consistent results each time.A measure's reliability is its constancy. Internal consistency, consistency among things, and consistency across different researchers are the three types of consistency that psychologists take into account (inter-rater reliability).To know more about Reliability here
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