which of the following is a reason why vertical integration may lead to negative synergies? (a) it is often expensive; (b) the resources it uses cannot be used for the core business; (c) there are significant ownership costs involved in the management, monitoring, and evaluation of operations that are totally new to the firm.

Justin has a personal library with over 5,000 novels, most of them bought from Barnes and Noble. He is an example of a Barnes and Noble's customer.

Barnes & Noble, Inc., commonly referred to as B&N, is an American bookseller with a retail presence in all 50 states, with its headquarters in Manhattan, New York City. Barnes & Noble is a bookseller that offers a wide range of books in various genres, including fiction, non-fiction, children's books, and textbooks. In addition to books, they sell CDs, DVDs, stationery, toys, and games.The bookseller was founded in 1886 by Charles M. Barnes and William Barnes, and it is the largest brick-and-mortar bookseller in the United States. On August 20, 2019, the company was acquired by Elliott Management Corporation.

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The proceeds from the sale of debt with detachable stock warrants should be allocated between the two securities based on the aggregate fair market value of the bonds and the warrants.

Based on the total fair market value of the bonds and warrants, the proceeds from the sale of debt with detachable stock warrants should be divided between the two instruments. The amount of revenues that was thusly allotted to the warrants must be recorded as paid-in capital.

The debt instrument portion of the deal will get the remaining money. Companies frequently issue warrants to obtain capital, whereas investors typically issue convertible debt to protect their investment. Another significant distinction is that convertible debt is frequently tied to equity, whereas warrants are frequently attached to debt.

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The simultaneous implementation of two opposing global business strategies is referred to as strategic duality. Shondura Inc. demonstrates strategic duality by focusing on local responsiveness and standardization in global business.

The best example of Shondura Inc.'s strategy, in this case, is the combination of local responsiveness and standardization in global business. This approach balances the need for standardization, which is necessary for economies of scale and efficiency, with the need for local responsiveness, which is necessary to meet the unique needs of customers in different markets.

Shondura Inc. focuses on both local responsiveness and standardization in global business. The company typically begins with a strong emphasis on a single strategy and then works to minimize the downsides associated with that strategy as much as possible as they begin to implement the second strategy.

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The correct option is C, Resources are directed from one industry to another by Changes in market prices.

Resources refer to the various materials, tools, and assets that are available for use in achieving a particular objective or goal. Resources can be tangible or intangible and may include natural resources, such as land, water, and minerals, as well as human resources, such as skilled labor, knowledge, and expertise.

Resources may also refer to financial resources, such as capital and investments, and technological resources, such as software and hardware. Effective resource management is crucial for organizations to maximize productivity, minimize waste, and achieve their goals efficiently. In addition to their functional utility, resources may also have cultural or symbolic value. For example, historical artifacts, works of art, and monuments can be seen as resources that provide insights into the cultural heritage of a particular society.

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Complete Question:

Resources are directed from one industry to another by

A). Market Failure.

B). Government And Market Failure.

C). Changes in market prices.

D). Government Failure.

The phenomenon described in the prompt is a reflection of comparative advantage.

Comparative advantage refers to the ability of a country or firm to produce a particular good or service at a lower opportunity cost than others. When a country or firm has a comparative advantage in producing a certain product, it can produce that product at a lower cost than its competitors, allowing it to sell the product at a lower price or earn a higher profit margin.

As a result, countries or firms with comparative advantages in certain products may specialize in producing those products and trade with others to obtain the products they do not produce as efficiently. In the case of the example given in the prompt, countries with economies of scale in manufacturing cars may specialize in producing cars and trade with other countries to obtain products that they do not produce as efficiently.

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Two problems with advertising in today's world are the lack of accountability and ROI measurements, and the increasing public concern about environmental impact.

The lack of accountability and ROI measurements for advertising means that companies do not have the ability to track their success and the return on their investment. Advertising campaigns are often difficult to measure, as it can be difficult to directly measure the effect of advertising on sales. Furthermore, the cost of advertising can be difficult to track and measure, as advertising costs can be varied and unpredictable.

Additionally, public concern is growing around the environmental impact of advertising. Advertising materials are often made of single-use plastics and other materials that are difficult to recycle and can have a negative environmental impact. As public concern grows around the environmental impacts of advertising, companies must be prepared to mitigate those impacts.

In conclusion, two problems with advertising in today's world are the lack of accountability and ROI measurements and the increasing public concern about environmental impact. Companies must take steps to ensure that their advertising campaigns are trackable, cost-effective, and environmentally responsible.

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It is True.

Research does show that most managers vary between two or three decision-making styles, and that decision-making styles vary across occupations, job level, and countries. Research has shown that there are two main decision-making styles used by managers: directive and participative.

Directive decision-making style is where the manager makes decisions on their own and dictates to their subordinates what must be done. This style is often used in situations where decisions need to be made quickly. On the other hand, participative decision-making style is where the manager involves their subordinates in the decision-making process by seeking their input and opinions before making a decision. This style is often used when decisions require more thought and when the input of multiple stakeholders is required.

Decision-making styles vary across occupations, job level, and countries depending on the specific organization's culture, the industry they are in, and the country they are operating in. For example, in some organizations, the directive decision-making style may be preferred due to the hierarchical structure while other organizations may prefer the participative style. Similarly, some jobs may require a more directive style while others may require a more collaborative approach. Additionally, different countries may prefer different decision-making styles depending on the cultural norms of the country.

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Firms position products based on several factors. Some of these factors include demographics, psychographics, value symbols, and salient attributes. Therefore, option A, B, C, and D are all correct as they are all factors that influence firms' position of products in the market.

Demographics:

refers to factors such as age, sex, income, and education level of a target market. Marketers can target specific demographics to develop positioning strategies that align with the preferences of the intended audience.

Psychographics:

refers to a person's values, attitudes, interests, and personalities. These factors influence how people perceive and respond to marketing messages, making them important to consider when positioning a product.

Value Symbols:

they are images or words that have become closely associated with a particular product. It can also mean brand names that serve as valuable symbols to consumers who connect the product with the image it portrays.

Hence, option A, B, C, and D are all correct.

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To score better on a security self-assessment, it is recommended to:

Access corporate applications via a VPN and Set your home wireless router's encryption method to WPA2.

To score better on a security self-assessment, you should set your home wireless router's encryption method to WPA2. Accessing corporate applications directly rather than via a VPN, utilizing the default name and password on your home wireless router, and checking email while using a free, public wireless network are all potential security risks.

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When the federal reserve announces that it is implementing a new interest rate policy, the federal funds rate will be affected. Therefore, option D is correct.

The federal funds rate is the interest rate at which banks lend each other money overnight to satisfy reserve requirements. It is known as the most important of all interest rates because it affects the cost of borrowing for everybody else.

The Federal Reserve System (Fed) regulates the amount of money available in the economy by adjusting the federal funds rate. When it raises the federal funds rate, it signals to banks that they must increase their own interest rates on loans to keep up with market demands. This will have an impact on consumer lending rates, mortgages, and business loan rates.

When the Federal Reserve announces that it is implementing a new interest rate policy, the federal funds rate will be affected. As previously stated, when the federal funds rate is adjusted, the real interest rate, consumer lending rate, and nominal interest rate will all be affected.

Hence, option D is correct.

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The total cost of ending work in process for the Milling Department is $7,200.Option C  i.e 39,520 is the correct answer.

The total cost of ending work in process for the Milling Department given the equivalent units of production for materials and conversion, when using the weighted-average method and other relevant details can be calculated as follows:  To calculate the equivalent units of production, the weighted-average method is used. The formula to calculate equivalent units of production is:

EUP = Units Completed and Transferred Out + Equivalent Units in Ending WIP Inventory. For the Milling Department:Equivalent units of production for materials = 5,200. Equivalent units of production for conversion = 5,000. Equivalent units in ending work in process inventory for materials = 400. Equivalent units in ending work in process inventory for conversion = 200. To calculate the total cost of ending work in process, the following formula is used:Total cost of ending work in process = cost per equivalent unit × equivalent units in ending work in process. The cost per equivalent unit is calculated using the formula:Cost per equivalent unit = Total cost of beginning WIP + Total cost added during the period. Total equivalent units in the period. For the Milling Department:Total cost of beginning WIP = $20,000. Total cost added during the period = $120,000. Total equivalent units in the period = (5,200 + 400) + (5,000 + 200) = 10,800 units. Cost per equivalent unit = ($20,000 + $120,000) / 10,800 units = $12 per unit. The total cost of ending work in process for the Milling Department can now be calculated as follows:Total cost of ending work in process for materials = cost per equivalent unit × equivalent units in ending work in process for materials= $12 × 400 units = $4,800. Total cost of ending work in process for conversion = cost per equivalent unit × equivalent units in ending work in process for conversion= $12 × 200 units = $2,400. Total cost of ending work in process = $4,800 + $2,400 = $7,200.

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The statement "Journal entries used to prepare temporary accounts for a new fiscal period" is false.

Temporary accounts, such as revenue, expense, and dividend accounts, are used to accumulate information for a specific accounting period and are closed at the end of that period. The purpose of closing temporary accounts is to transfer their balances to a permanent account, typically the retained earnings account, in order to prepare the accounts for the next fiscal period.

Closing entries are used to close temporary accounts and transfer their balances to the appropriate permanent accounts. These entries are typically made at the end of the accounting period, not at the beginning of a new fiscal period.

Therefore, journal entries are not used to prepare temporary accounts for a new fiscal period, but rather to close temporary accounts at the end of the current fiscal period.

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In recent years, as direct labor as a percentage of total cost has declined, overhead costs would have increased.

Direct labor refers to the cost of labor directly involved in the production of goods or services, such as wages paid to workers who operate machinery or perform other tasks related to production. Overhead, on the other hand, refers to indirect costs that are not directly tied to production, such as rent, utilities, and administrative expenses. As the proportion of direct labor to total cost declines, it means that the other costs of production, including overhead, are becoming relatively more important. This is because a smaller proportion of total cost is being allocated to direct labor, leaving a larger share for other costs, including overhead. Therefore, as direct labor as a percentage of total cost declines, overhead costs would increase.

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Lewis must communicate important policy changes to his sales reps on the road. He would also like their active participation and immediate feedback. The proper medium for this message would be a virtual meeting.

What is a virtual meeting?

A virtual meeting is a real-time interaction between two or more individuals who use audio and visual communication technologies to exchange information. Video conferencing, audio conferencing, webinars, and virtual collaboration tools are all common ways to conduct virtual meetings. Virtual meetings can be held using computer systems or mobile devices, allowing participants to join from virtually anywhere with an internet connection.

Why is a virtual meeting the proper medium for this message?

A virtual meeting is the appropriate medium for conveying significant policy changes to the sales team on the road since it is the most effective method to ensure that all members of the team receive the message at the same time. This approach allows Lewis to interact with his sales representatives in real-time, encouraging active engagement and immediate feedback. Lewis can demonstrate new policies, answer questions, and gather feedback on the effectiveness of the new approach by presenting the policy changes in a virtual setting, making virtual meetings ideal for training, coaching, and other interactive meetings.Benefits of virtual meetings include:Cost-effective: Since no one needs to travel to a meeting location, virtual meetings can save travel costs for participants and the organization.Increased productivity: Participants can easily schedule virtual meetings, which can result in fewer distractions and time management issues.Improved communication: Virtual meetings allow participants to communicate in real-time, enhancing interaction and engagement.A virtual meeting would be the appropriate medium for conveying important policy changes to the sales team on the road since it is the most effective method to ensure that all members of the team receive the message at the same time.

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Internal controls for handling sales returns and allowances do not include verifying that the goods have been returned, authorizing the credit memo by management, and computing bad debt expense using the percentage of credit sales.

Internal controls are processes and procedures put in place to help ensure the accuracy and validity of financial records, as well as help reduce the risk of fraud and other irregularities. When it comes to handling sales returns and allowances, internal controls involve a number of steps, such as providing clear guidelines for processing returns and allowances, verifying that the customer is entitled to the return or allowance, approving the return or allowance, and recording the transaction in the appropriate accounting ledger.

However, there are some activities that are not part of internal controls for handling sales returns and allowances. These include verifying that the goods have been returned, authorizing the credit memo by management, and computing bad debt expense using the percentage of credit sales.

Verifying that the goods have been returned is typically outside the scope of internal control and is the responsibility of the customer, not the business. Likewise, authorizing the credit memo by management and computing bad debt expense using the percentage of credit sales are activities that should not be part of internal controls for handling sales returns and allowances.

Overall, internal controls for handling sales returns and allowances involve a number of steps designed to ensure the accuracy and validity of the financial records. These steps do not include verifying that the goods have been returned, authorizing the credit memo by management, and computing bad debt expense using the percentage of credit sales.

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The demand factor involves households, businesses, and government purchasing the economy's expanding output of goods and services so that there will be no unplanned increase in inventories, and resources will remain fully employed. The correct option is A.

The demand factor is defined as the ratio of the sum of the demands for several appliances or loads to the total load of the system. It is also defined as the ratio of the maximum demand of a system or a part of it to the total connected load of the system. It is always less than 1 or equal to 1.

Importance of the demand factor:

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Jana, a highly valued day-care worker, likely possesses the qualities of patience and caring, as evidenced by her ability to build quick attachments with the children in her care.

Jana's ability to build quick attachments with the children in her care is likely due to her patience and caring nature. Working with children between the ages of one and two can be challenging, as they require a lot of attention and care. Jana's patience allows her to remain calm and composed in the face of the inevitable tantrums and outbursts that can occur with young children.

Her caring nature enables her to provide the children with the attention and affection they need to feel safe and secure while in her care. As a result, both the parents and staff of the day-care center value Jana for her exceptional caregiving abilities.

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In a comparison of a perfectly competitive firm's short-run equilibrium to its long-run equilibrium, the true statement is "Price must equal marginal cost in the long run, but not necessarily in the short run". The correct answer is A.

In the short run, a perfectly competitive firm may operate with a price above or below its marginal cost, as long as it is covering its variable costs. However, in the long run, firms have the ability to enter or exit the market, which can drive prices to their equilibrium level, where price equals marginal cost.

In the long run, firms that cannot cover their costs will exit the market, while firms that are making economic profits will attract new entrants, leading to an increase in supply and a decrease in price, until profits are driven to zero. Therefore, in the long run, a perfectly competitive firm must produce where price equals marginal cost, in order to stay in the market.

Thus, the correct answer is A.

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A price-discriminating magazine publisher would "charge a higher price to business executives" if a college student's demand for magazine subscriptions is more price-elastic than a business executive's demand for magazine subscriptions. Option D is the correct answer.

Price elasticity refers to the sensitivity of consumers to changes in prices. If college students are more sensitive to changes in prices, then the publisher could charge a higher price to business executives who are less sensitive to changes in prices. This is known as price discrimination, which is a pricing strategy where businesses charge different prices for the same product or service based on consumers' willingness to pay.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option D.

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Marketers use data from various sources to identify consumer needs, market trends, and gaps, informing product design, pricing, and promotion strategies for successful product launches and customer satisfaction.

By examining several information sources, such as consumer behavior and market trends, marketers use data to create effective product plans. Data enables marketers to find market possibilities and gaps and create solutions that satisfy customer preferences and demands. To understand consumer behavior and spot new market trends, they analyze sales data, social media analytics, customer feedback, and market research surveys. Product design, price, and advertising methods are influenced by this information. For instance, marketers may create and advertise items that fit this trend if research shows that customers are becoming more interested in eco-friendly goods. This can entail making energy-efficient equipment or utilizing biodegradable packaging. by using data to inform the creation of product plans.

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The correct option is A, The residual interest in a corporation belongs to the common stockholders.

A corporation is a type of legal entity that is separate and distinct from its owners or shareholders. It is created by filing articles of incorporation with the appropriate state authority, which grants the corporation certain rights and privileges. One of the key benefits of a corporation is limited liability protection for its owners, which means that they are generally not personally responsible for the corporation's debts and legal obligations.

Corporations have a number of advantages over other forms of business, including the ability to raise capital by selling stock, perpetual existence (meaning the corporation can continue to operate even if one or more shareholders die or sell their shares), and centralized management. They also have certain legal requirements, such as holding annual meetings and keeping accurate financial records.

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The option that is LEAST likely to build collective identification and mutual trust among team members is to A) use more rewards that are contingent on individual performance.

To build collective identification and mutual trust among team members, the following strategies are utilized:

The strategies mentioned above are proven to build collective identification and mutual trust among team members by promoting interactions among team members and encouraging them to work together to achieve common goals.

However, rewards that are contingent on individual performance are not likely to build collective identification and mutual trust among team members. This strategy, rather than promoting teamwork and cooperation, may lead to competition and conflict among team members. Therefore, the option that is LEAST likely to build collective identification and mutual trust among team members is to use more rewards that are contingent on individual performance.

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Manufactured inventory that has begun the production process but is not yet completed is called "work in process" inventory.

This refers to inventory that is in the process of being transformed into finished goods but is not yet complete. Work in process inventory typically includes raw materials that have been partially processed, as well as partially completed products that are in various stages of production. This type of inventory is often used in manufacturing and other production-oriented industries, and it is an important measure of the efficiency of the production process. Work in process inventory is typically valued at the cost of the raw materials, labor, and overhead used to produce it, and it is classified as an asset on the company's balance sheet.

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C) Local, non-profit organization that provides debt counseling services. CCCS is a local, non-profit organization that provides debt counseling services to consumers to help them better manage their finances and get out of debt. They offer budgeting advice and assistance with credit reports, debt management plans, and credit disputes.

CCCS's main purpose is to help consumers get out of debt and improve their financial management skills. There are several things that a CCCS can do, including developing a debt management plan, providing financial education, and negotiating with creditors to get more favorable terms. They can also help consumers develop a budget and understand their credit reports and credit score.

Using a CCCS can provide several benefits to consumers who are struggling with debt. For example, they can help consumers develop a debt management plan that considers their income, expenses, and other financial obligations. In conclusion, a Consumer Credit Counseling Service (CCCS) is a local, non-profit organization that provides debt counseling services. They can help consumers develop a debt management plan, negotiate with creditors, and understand their credit reports and credit score.

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The discount yield, bond equivalent yield, and effective annual return on a $7 million commercial paper issue that currently sells at 98.75 percent of its face value and is 143 days from maturity are 2.20%, 4.49%, and 8.77% respectively.

discount yield[tex]= (discount / face value) * (360 / days until maturity)[/tex]

Given that the face value is $7 million, the commercial paper sells at 98.75 percent of its face value. So, the discount is [tex]$7,000,000 × (1 - 0.9875) = $87,500[/tex]

The number of days until maturity is 143. Therefore,

[tex]discount yield = ($87,500 / $7,000,000) × (360 / 143) = 2.20%[/tex]

[tex]bond equivalent yield = 2 × [(face value - price) / price] × (365 / days until maturity)[/tex]

Here, the face value is $7 million, and the price is 98.75% of the face value. Therefore,

[tex]price = $7,000,000 × 0.9875 = $6,912,500[/tex]

Substituting the values in the formula, we get

[tex]Bond equivalent yield = 2 × [($7,000,000 - $6,912,500) / $6,912,500] × (365 / 143) = 4.49%[/tex]

[tex]effective annual return = (1 + periodic rate) ^ (365 / days) - 1[/tex]

[tex]Effective annual return = (1 + 0.02245) ^ (365 / 143) - 1 = 8.77%[/tex]

Therefore, the discount yield, bond equivalent yield, and effective annual return on a $7 million commercial paper issue that currently sells at 98.75 percent of its face value and is 143 days from maturity are 2.20%, 4.49%, and 8.77% respectively.

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A firm will expand the amount of output it produces as long as it  marginal revenue exceeds its marginal cost. Option (D)

A firm will expand the amount of output it produces as long as its marginal revenue exceeds its marginal cost. This is because a firm's goal is to maximize profits, and producing an additional unit of output will increase its revenue by the amount of marginal revenue, but also increase its costs by the amount of marginal cost.

Therefore, a firm will continue to produce more units of output until the marginal revenue from the last unit produced is equal to the marginal cost of producing that unit. If marginal revenue is greater than marginal cost, the firm will increase production because the additional revenue earned from selling the additional output exceeds the additional cost of producing it.

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Option d: "Lend to commercial banks through the term auction facility" enables the Federal Reserve to increase the monetary base by increasing bank reserves only.

By lending to commercial banks through the term auction facility, the Federal Reserve is directly increasing the amount of bank reserves, which in turn increases the monetary base. Option a is incorrect because requiring the non-banking public to repay discount loans would decrease bank reserves and the monetary base.

Option b is incorrect because buying government securities exclusively from commercial banks would not necessarily increase bank reserves, as the banks could simply hold onto the proceeds from the sale rather than lending them out. Option c is incorrect because lending to the non-banking public would not increase bank reserves or the monetary base.

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The beneficial effects of belonging to a nation in nineteenth-century Europe included access to commercial markets. (option c)

During the nineteenth century, the rise of nationalism in Europe led to the creation of modern nation-states, which brought about several benefits for their citizens.

One of the most significant benefits was access to commercial markets, as nations could negotiate trade agreements with other countries and establish tariffs and regulations that favored their own industries. This helped to stimulate economic growth and create new opportunities for businesses and entrepreneurs.

Other benefits of belonging to a nation during this period included improved access to education and better infrastructure, such as roads and railways, which made travel and trade easier.

However, access to productive land was not necessarily guaranteed, as land ownership and distribution varied widely across different countries and regions. Bureaucratic efficiency was also not necessarily a universal benefit, as some countries struggled with corruption and inefficiency in their government institutions.

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The cash fund currently holds $405 and the accumulated receipts total $324. The breakdown of the receipts is $111 for office supplies, $142 for merchandise inventory, and $71 for miscellaneous expenses. The journal entry to replenish the petty cash fund on January 31 is a debit of $405 to the Petty Cash account and a credit of $400 to the Cash account.

To replenish the petty cash fund, a journal entry is necessary. The entry should be recorded as a debit to the Petty Cash account and a credit to the Cash account. The debit to the Petty Cash account is for $405, which is the total amount of the fund.

The credit to the Cash account is for $405 minus the average of $5, which is $400. This entry records the replenishment of the fund and reflects the total amount of receipts accumulated during the month.

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the effect of the great recession on the middle class is b. more middle class American found themselves poor.

The Great Recession was a global economic downturn that began in late 2007 and continued until mid-2009. It was triggered by a series of factors, including the collapse of the housing market, the subprime mortgage crisis, and the failure of many large financial institutions, such as Lehman Brothers.

The crisis quickly spread to other sectors of the economy, including manufacturing, services, and retail. As a result, millions of people around the world lost their jobs and were pushed into poverty.

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