Which is incorrect descriptions of the genetic event initiated by the HIV reverse transcriptase (RT) upon the HIV infection?
a. RT catalyzes initial synthesis of ssDNA using viral genomic RNA as the template.
b. The first RNA template is degraded after ssDNA synthesis.
c. The whole process is completed after synthesis of dsDNA.
d. tRNAs are adopted as the first primers.
e. None of these

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

e. None of these

Explanation:

The immune deficiency viruses (HIV) are retroviruses that use a reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme to produce a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) from an RNA template. The reverse transcription allows retroviruses to replicate their genetic material, which is integrated into the host's genome as a double-stranded linear DNA molecule in a similar way to the mechanism of insertion used by endogenous retrotransposons. The synthesis of DNA is started by cellular tRNAs (tRNA3Lys) that are packaged into the virion. After reverse transcription, the HIV DNA enters the nucleus of CD4 immune cells (also known as CD4+ T cells), and then it integrates into the genome to coopt the host's cell machinery for its own replication.


Related Questions

what type of rocks form from decaying plants

Answers

Answer:

Types of rocks are three types in :- metamorphic, igneous and sedimentary rocks, these are rocks formed dirt,soil and organic matter.

Explanation:

Sedimentary rocks are is known to plant contain animal fossils, there is a high level of animals and plant they develop layer of rock fuel include oil natural gas.

Sedimentary rock due to the consist addition of new particles by the water and erosion,basins found on to the earth fore arc and back arc basins.

Coal is the type of sedimentary rock that is plant and dead animals or organic matter,long period under time right conditions.

Sedimentary rock is different type carbonate, coal, chemically performed  carbonate rock several kind of chalk and carbonate minerals.

Metamorphic and igneous rocks are abundant and they the most of rocks are on the earth actually are sedimentary rock,an animal and plant refuse one location and settle there soil and organic matter decaying animals.  

Answer:

Organic sedimentary rocks form from decaying plants. Over time, organic matter from decaying plants and animals is pressed together and compacted to rocks.

Explanation:

Drag each tile to the correct location.
Sort the descriptions based on whether they are related to asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction.
creates genetically
unique offspring
creates genetically
identical offspring
organism doesn’t have to
waste energy to find a
mate
organism needs time to
reach adulthood to
reproduce
requires the contribution
of two parents

requires the contribution
of a single parent

Answers

Answer:

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION:

-creates genetically unique offspring

-organism needs time to reach adulthood to reproduce

-requires the contribution of two parents

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION:

-creates genetically identical offspring

-organism doesn’t have to waste energy to find a mate

-requires the contribution of a single parent

Explanation:

Living organisms employ two types of reproduction to produce their offsprings. They are sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction.

Sexual reproduction is that reproduction involving the fusion of two sex cells from opposite sex individuals i.e. male and female. Sexual reproduction forms offsprings with unique genetic contents, which is as result of the meiotic process that each individual organism undergoes to produce gametes or sex cells (sperm and eggs). Since there must be a fusion of gametic cells, sexual reproduction requires the contribution of two parents (a male and a female). Also, the parents only undergo meiosis to produce gametes at certain points in their life. Hence, they have to wait to reach adulthood to do that.

On the other hand, asexual reproduction involves only the contribution of one parent as the fusion of genetic material is not needed. Hence, the offsprings form by cellular division that makes it genetically identical to the parent cell. Energy is not needed to find a mate, the organism simply reproduces on its own by dividing into daughter cells.

Bile is produced by which organ?
Select one:
a. Small intestine
O
b. Liver
c. Stomach
d. Gall bladder​

Answers

The answer is b liver

Describe the intermolecular interaction of the surface carboxylate groups of a micelle and the surrounding water.

Answers

Answer:

Hydrophilic portions are outside and hydrophobic regions are inside

Explanation:

A micelle is an assembly of amphiphilic molecules formed in a liquid solution, generally an aqueous solution. Micelles are formed due to the packing (aggregation-like) behavior in which single-tail lipids are organized in a bilayer. A typical micelle in aqueous solution forms a spheric assembly where carboxylate ions are organized in a mode that hydrophilic head regions enter in contact with the surrounding water, while hydrophobic (lipophilic) portions are disposed inside the micelle.

QUICKLY! The chemical reaction equation of photosyntesis is shown here: What information is not given in this equation. It does not show if the reaction is reversible. It does not show the reactants needed for the reaction. It does not show that photosynthesis consists of many separate steps. It does not show the number of molecules required to produce glucose.

Answers

Answer:

C: It does not show that photosynthesis consists of many separate steps.

Explanation:

Photosynthesis is a unique process carried out by the cells of autotrophic organisms. It is the process whereby they synthesize their own food in form of sugars (glucose) in the presence of sunlight. Ideally, the photosynthetic process makes use of carbon dioxide (C02) and water (H20) in the presence of light energy (from sun) to produce glucose sugar (C6H12O6) and oxygen (02). The general photosynthetic equation is as follows:

6CO2 + 6H20 + light → C6H12O6 + 6O2

However, the process is not as simple as portrayed as it involves many separate steps that collectively forms the photosynthetic product (glucose). Photosynthesis occurs in two major stages namely: light stage and light independent stage, which in turn consists of series of reactions that forms the products.

Therefore, the equation attached to this question describes photosynthesis but It does not show that photosynthesis consists of many separate steps.

Answer:

C: It does not show that photosynthesis consists of many separate steps.

Explanation:

what is meant by oesophagus

Answers

Answer:

The oesophagus (gullet) is part of the digestive system, which is sometimes called the gastro-intestinal tract (GI tract). The oesophagus is a muscular tube. It connects your mouth to your stomach.

Answer:

the part of the alimentary canal which connects the throat to the stomach. In humans and other vertebrates it is a muscular tube lined with mucous membrane

three (3) advantages of using a resource person in handling the First Aid lesson.

Answers

Answer:

Advantages of resource person in handling the first aid lesson are as follows:

He is an expert who share important points during first aid and prevents any mishappening.They also provide assistance to the community member and provide social audits in villages.A resource person can share extreme difficult cases of injuries and will introduce new methods to adopt first aid in those conditions.

Genes, Chromosomes, and DNA Quick Check
If one half of a DNA molecule has 8 thymine bases, what else is also true about the DNA molecule? ( point)
There will be 16 total bases.
There will be 32 total bases.
There will be 8 adenine bases.
There will be 8 cytosine bases.

Answers

Answer:

There will be 8 adenine bases.

Explanation:

There are total of 4 nitrogenous bases present in a DNA that includes Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, and Cytosine. These nitrogenous bases form complementary base pair in which, adenine form two hydrogen bonds with thymine and cytosine form three hydrogen bond with guanine.

So, if there are 8 thymine bases in a DNA (irrespective of half or full) then there will be 8 adenine bases, forming two hydrogen bond with each other.

Hence, the correct answer is "There will be 8 adenine bases."

A student did an experiment with two identical fish tanks, Tank 1 and Tank 2. About 20 ml water purifier was added to Tank 1 and 10 ml
water punfier was added to tank 2. Tank 1 was heated to 88° F and Tank 2 was left at room temperature. The water purity of each tank was
tested every day in particles per liter. The purity was recorded over a period of 5 weeks in the table shown below.
Week Water Purity of Tank 1 Water Purity of Tank 2
12.6
12.6
13.7
13.9
14.3
14.4
15.7
15.8
17.6
17.6
Based on the table, which of these conclusions is correct?

a

Fish need 10 mL of water purifier to survive.

b

More purifier is needed to keep heated water clean.

с

Water purifier can help a fish survive longer.

d

Water purifier keeps fish tanks clearer for longer.

pleasee helppp !!​

Answers

Answer:

a . Fish need 10 ml of water purifier to survive.

Explanation:

Fish need 10 ml of water purifier to survive because the data of 10 ml and 20 ml purifier is the same so it is recommended to use 10 ml purifier. First the data was same but by recording next week data, it shows slightly increase in the value of tank 2 while in the last week, both has the same value so we can concluded that by using 10 ml purifier is enough for the fish to survive.

Answer:

Its B/More purifier is needed to keep heated water clean.

Explanation:

The total number of organisms an ecosystem can support is its tolerance range.

true or false

Answers

Answer:

false

Explanation:

the total number of organism an ecosystem can support is its trying capacity

Answer:

false

Explanation:

i just took the test.

Before using any chemical in the lab, why should one first read the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)?
The MSDS provides information on safe handling of the chemical.
The MSDS explains where the chemical can be purchased.
The MSDS provides the chemical formula for the substance.
The MSDS describes how the chemical will react with other substances.​

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Took test on Edge.

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) contains information related to occupational safety and health. The MSDS provides knowledge on the safe handling of chemicals. Thus, option A is correct.

What is MSDS?

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is the data safety sheet that states the rules and details of handling and using the laboratory chemicals that are related to health. It is of great importance as it allows the learning of chemical hazards.

Before entering the lab and using the chemicals one should read the MSDS book so to get aware of the handling and precautions that have to be taken while performing any experiments. To work safely one should know its danger and should be prepared for emergencies.

Therefore, the MSDS provides knowledge on the handling of hazardous chemicals.

Learn more about MSDS here:

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what type of molecule do plant cells use for long term energy storage

Answers

Answer:

ATP

Explanation:

In plants, energy is stored in the form of ATP and NADPH. Energy is produced in the presence of light it is in the thylakoids and mitochondria.

ATP: Adenosine triphosphate

NADPH:  nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen

Describe how scent and taste work in conjunction. Are the tastes of below mention foods that were tested heightened by the sense of smell, or only some of the foods?

a. Salt
b. Sugar
c. Lemon Juice
d. Coffe grounds

Answers

Answer:

Scent and Taste work in conjunction because when your brain smells food, it pulls up a picture or memory of that food in your head, and you remember what it tasted like and if you enjoyed it.

Only some of the food. Salt does not really have a smell, so it does not do anything, but all the others do and are heightened

Explanation:

Take cotton candy for example. When you smell cotton candy, you smell SUGAR and lots of it. You know that sugar tastes good and as such you now want to eat the cotton candy.

For this example, we will use lemonade. Lemonade is commonly a drink that most love on a hot summer day at the beach. When you smell the lemonade, it reminds your brain of how good it tasted and pulls up the memory at the back of your mind,  making you feel happy and relaxed. It then ends up tasting better

(This is my first answer, it won't be perfect)

Smell and taste go hand in hand because when you smell food, your brain conjures up an image or recollection of that food in your head, allowing you to recall how it tasted and if you liked it.

What is Conjuction?

Since salt doesn't truly have a fragrance, it has no effect; nevertheless, all the others do and their intensity is increased.

You can definitely smell a lot of sugar when you smell cotton candy. You want to eat the cotton candy because you are aware that sugar tastes delicious.

On a hot summer day at the beach, most people enjoy drinking lemonade.

Therefore, Smell and taste go hand in hand because when you smell food, your brain conjures up an image or recollection of that food in your head, allowing you to recall how it tasted and if you liked it.

To learn more about conjuction, refer to the link:

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The Middle Latitudes have:

Answers

Answer:

The Middle Latitudes have cyclones and anticyclones

Explanation:

The Middle Latitude is a spatial region of the earth which are found between the tropics and the polar circles.

The climate in this region of the earth is usually very windy thereby forming cyclones and in serious conditions typhoons and hurricanes. The Middle Latitude is thereby characterized by cyclones and anticyclones.

Is lead renewable or not?

Answers

Answer:

it is not renewable.........

Answer:

Lead is not a renewable resource. It is a metal that forms naturally in the Earth, but it takes a very long time for metals to form.

Challenge Question! If a pregnant woman had a karyotype prepared for her baby before birth, would it be more useful in predicting the risk of Down Syndrome or Tay Sachs disease?

Answers

Answer:

Yes

Explanation:

Karyotype involves the process of viewing a persons chromosomes through Sophisticated equipments.

Down Syndrome or Tay Sachs disease are genetic diseases associated with chromosomal defects.

Having a karyotype prepared for her baby before birth, would be more useful in predicting the risk of Down Syndrome or Tay Sachs disease.

Which of the following is responsible for the conversion of covalently closed circular DNA to supercoiled DNA of the plasmid of: a) endonuclease b) DNA gynase c) topa isomerase d) exonuclease

Answers

Answer:

DNA gyrase

Explanation:

DNA gyrase is a bacterial enzyme that plays an important role in catalyzing the negative supercoiling of circular chromosomal DNA. This enzyme belongs to a class of enzymes called topoisomerases which play a major role in transitioning of DNA structure. DNA gyrase conversion of covalently closed circular DNA to supercoiled DNA is ATP-dependent.

The importance of DNA gyrase cannot be overemphasized, because for DNA synthesis to occur, the DNA must have a single-stranded template, hence, DNA gyrase play an important role in unwinding the double-stranded DNA for replication. It has the ability to introduce negative supercoils and relax positive supercoils prior to replication.

during what stage of swallowing is there a risk of food entering respiratory pathways

Answers

Gulping... I think this is the stage you are looking for

Hope this helped ♥︎

What physical traits were favored in the peppered moth AFTER the Industrial Revolution?

Answers

Answer: Their skin color was dark which made the moths blend in. During the Industrial Revolution, the soot from factories caused the trees to become black. The light colored moths became easier to kill because they could not blend into their environment.

Explanation:

If the two chromosomes of a homologous pair carry the same allele for a particular gene, the individual is said to be:_____.

Answers

Answer

H0m0zygous

Explanation

The answer to the question is in the attachment. Please open the attachment

Which of the following pairs of plants are rhizomes?
A. Cocoyam and Cassava
B. Canna lily and ginger
C. Onion and Garlic
D. Banana and plantain​

Answers

Answer:

B.

Explanation:

Examples of plants that are propagated this way include hops, asparagus, ginger, irises, lily of the valley, cannas, and sympodial orchids. Some rhizomes that are used directly in cooking include ginger, turmeric, galangal, fingerroot, and lotus.

The origin and the insertion are made up of __________.

Answers

Answer:tendon

I think so..

Which is a characteristic of all waves?

Answers

Answer:

All kinds of waves have the same fundamental properties of reflection, refraction, diffraction and interference, and all waves have a wavelength, frequency, speed and amplitude. A wave can be described by its length, height (amplitude) and frequency. All waves can be thought of as a disturbance that transfers energy.

Explanation:

Answer: there's three characteristics

Explanation:

Three characteristics of waves can be measured: amplitude, wave-. length and frequency.

Which statement correctly compares the "Analysis" and "Conclusion" sections of a lab report?

Answers

Answer:

Hello. You did not enter the answer options, but I can help you by stating that the correct comparison between "analyze" and "conclusion" is one that shows that "Analysis" is able to compare specific research data, while "conclusion" is able to suggest additional research to arrive at more concrete data.

Explanation:

In a scientific research, the "Analysis" section is where the specific research data and the interactions and information that can be extracted from them are analyzed, in a succinct and explanatory way. This section is very important to present how these data were acquired and how they work within the theme developed in the research.

The section called "conclusion", in turn, presents the section where the research will conclude the established theme, showing an affirmation discovered through the research or suggesting additional research that will help to establish an efficient conclusion.

Draw concentric circles and label the four layers of the gut. Also label the hole at the inner most circle. List what is in these four layers.

Answers

Explanation:

here is your answer hopes it's helps u

We can find four principal layers composing the digestive tube walls. From the lumen to the exterior: Mucosa, Submucosa, Muscle, and Serosa Layers.  

-----------------------------

There are four principal layers composing the digestive tube walls.  

From the lumen to the exterior of the tube, we can find,

Mucosa Layer

Composed of lining epithelium, a propria lamina of connective tissue, and a smooth muscle layer.

The epithelium works as a barrier that separates the lumen from the organ.

Propria lamina has glands, vessels that get the absorbed substances, and immune system elements.

The smooth muscle delimitates the mucose from the submucosa layer. It produces movements that are independent of the rest of the organ's movements.

Submucosa Layer

Dense connective tissue is placed under the mucosa.

It has bigger vessels that ramification to the mucose, muscle layer, and serosa layer.

In certain areas, this layer also has glands.

Muscle Layer

Composed of two or three concentric smooth muscle layers that differ in their orientation.

The contraction of these layers mixes and propels the content of the lumen of the digestive tube.

Serosa layer

Connective tissue membrane covered by simple plane epithelium.

High caliber vessels are placed in this layer and limphatic vessels.

There are regions of the digestive tube where there is no serosa layer. Instead, there is a connective tissue named the adventitious layer.

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Cloning to produce embryonic stem cells is called A) regenerative cloning. B) transplantational cloning. C) reproductive cloning. D) therapeutic cloning. E) dedifferentiation.

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

The correct option would be therapeutic cloning.

First and foremost, cloning refers to the process of producing genetically and phenotypically similar organisms or cells from a single organism/cell, be it naturally or artificially. The genotypically and phenotypically similar copies of the original organism are called clones.

Artificial clonings are of different types, namely:

Reproductive cloningGene cloningTherapeutic cloning

Reproductive cloning has to do with producing genetically identical organisms from a particular organism while gene cloning involves producing exact copies of a gene or segments of DNA. Therapeutic cloning, however, involves the production of embryonic stem cells in order to create tissues that would replace similar but damaged or worn-out tissues in living organisms.

Correct option: D

1. A star is 520 light years from Earth. During what event in history did the
light now arriving at Earth leave the star?

Answers

Answer:

A light year is the distance which is equal to 9,460,730,472,580.8 km, so:  

= 4.91957985 X [tex]10^{15}[/tex]km  

which is distance travels by the light.  Now what time it takes light to travel distance we found.  

A year has 365.25 days, so,

[tex]1 (\frac{365.25)}{1 year}) (\frac{24}{1 day}) (\frac{3600 s}{1 hr} )[/tex] = 31557600 seg/year

The light speed in the space is equal to 299,792.458 km/s, so:  

4.91957985 x [tex]10^{15} (\frac{1 seg}{29792.458}) \frac{1 year}{31557600}[/tex] = 520 years

if today, August, 2020, then

2020 - 520 = 1500

Spanish and Portuguese spread out over the southern part of the Western Hemisphere and bring in America brought to Spanish colony of Santo Domingo in year 1500.

Therefore, during the  period 1499 AD Columbus discovered JamaicaA light-year is a distance traveled by light in space during a period of one year from a celestial object to another celestial object. The distance between stars and Earth is 520 light-years. So, the light leaving the star is 520 years ago. The present year is 2019. Light from the star left 520 years ago. The time period on Earth is,

[tex]t=2019-520\\ t=1499 AD[/tex]

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contrast primary growth and secondary growth

Answers

Answer:

There are contrast of the Primary growth and Secondary growth in many ways.

Explanation:

The Primary growth is to increase the length of that shoot and the root is referred to the primary growth.The primary growth act the way as shoot apical causing extension to the growth system into the root and ground they root are apical.The primary growth is the plant into that ground to contain water and nutrients that with the soil relation.The primary growth is that root can take different forms depends on the plant is Mono cot,the primary root replace by the stem after the plant germinates its called Adventitious root.The secondary growth is that performed to increase by the girth of the plant.Secondary growth is to produce the lateral cambiums that layer of tissue add to the plant growth.Secondary growth is that performed and support from the shoot system into the transporting  that water and nutrients.Secondary growth is to provide the cross section of the stem and the replace with newer layer, the layer of that growth bark.Secondary growth is to consist that bark remain that the narrow of band, it root is transformed.

A.While the traits studied in Exercise 1 were hypothetical genetic traits, what type of genetic traits do you think are important to study and predict

Answers

Answer:

Genetic disturbances harmful to the organism are genetic characteristics that must be studied and predicted.

Explanation:

Genetic disorders that harm an organism such as sickle cell anemia, hemophilia, Turner syndrome, among others, are important to be studied and predicted, because it will provide better maintenance of that organism. Allowing people who inherit these characteristics to have more efficient treatments and a better life, since the prediction of these characteristics allows the family to establish better adapapitativo methods, that will make the life of this individual easier and with more quality.

The giant continent which was composed of all the land on Earth was called
a. Pangaea.
c. Gondwana.
b. Panthalassa.
d. Laurasia.

Answers

The answer is "Pangaea"

Answer:

Pangea

Explanation:

Answer

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