Potential Energy is the form of energy contained in dam.
Total energy:
The total energy of each considered object is the sum of its potential energy (P.E) and kinetic energy (K.E) and is constant throughout motion. For example, at finite height, a ball has maximum potential energy and zero kinetic energy, and when released, K.E increases and becomes maximum at ground level, and P.E decreases to zero at ground level. , so the total energy increases. There is movement of the ball in the same way everywhere. The energy that an object has due to its motion is called kinetic energy, and the energy that an object has due to its position and shape is called potential energy.
Here the water dammed by the dam has a certain potential height. This means that water has latent energy because it is located far from the bottom. Therefore, water dammed up by a dam has potential energy.
Potential Energy:
In physics, potential energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its position relative to other objects, its own tension, electrical charge, or other factors. Common types of potential energy are the gravitational potential energy of a body, the elastic potential energy of an extended spring, and the electrical potential energy of an electric charge in an electric field. The unit of energy in the International System of Units (SI) is the joule, and the symbol is J.
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How specifically is kinetic energy lost during a car crash?
Answer + Explanation:
During a car crash, kinetic energy is lost through various forms of deformation of the vehicle and the generation of heat.
When a car collides with another object, the force of the impact causes the vehicle's body and structure to deform. This deformation absorbs some of the kinetic energy and converts it into other forms of energy, such as heat and sound.
In addition, friction between the moving parts of the car and between the car and the road can also generate heat, which absorbs some of the kinetic energy.
The amount of kinetic energy lost during a car crash depends on the mass of the vehicle, the speed at which it was traveling, and the type and severity of the collision. In general, higher speeds and more severe collisions result in greater kinetic energy loss.
Victor put a match on a balance and found that its mass was 6.0 grams. Then he lit the match and put it out after a few seconds.
He put the partially burned match on the balance again. This time, its mass was 4.5 grams.
Which of the following best explains what happened as the match burned?
A.
Some of the matter changed from solid to gas and went into the air.
B.
The matter moved to a different part of the match.
C.
Some of the mass was destroyed by the fire.
D.
The mass of the match combined with the mass of the fire.
Place the cursor at the start of the text, then press CTRL+SHIFT+DOWN ARROW. Press CTRL+SHIFT+UP ARROW after advancing the cursor to the end of the paragraph. The Correct option is B.
How do you move the first sentence to the end of the paragraph in Word?The Ctrl+A keyboard shortcut in Word allows you to select all text in a document, and you can also use the mouse or keyboard to pick out individual words or objects from tables. Text or objects that are located in various locations can also be chosen. You can choose, for instance, a sentence from one page and a paragraph from another.The entire textIn the document, click anywhere.You can pick every word in the document by pressing Ctrl+A on your computer.The particular wording you wantAdditionally, you have the option of choosing a specific word, line of text, or one or more paragraphs.Your cursor should be placed in front of the first letter of the word, sentence, or paragraph you want to pick.To pick a text block, click and hold while dragging the cursor over it.Other options for selecting textQuickly click and drag the mouse over a word to choose it.By positioning your cursor at the beginning of a line of text and pressing Shift + down arrow, you can pick that line of text.Put your cursor at the beginning of the paragraph, then hit the down arrow while holding down the Ctrl and Shift keys to select the paragraph.To Learn more About end of the paragraph refer to:
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ammonium ion (nh4 ) is an acid that can dissociate to form ammonia (nh3) and h in aqueous solution. the pka for this reaction is 9.25. when total ammonium ion is 50% dissociated, what is the ph?
When total ammonium ion is 50% dissociated, The pH is 9.25.
Given, the pKₐ of ammonium ion (NH₄⁺) is 9.25.
The dissociation of NH₄⁺ to ammonia (NH₃) and H⁺ in aqueous solution is represented below.
It is stated that the ammonium ion is 50% dissociated in the solution. Therefore the concentration of each species at that instant [if started with 1M conc. of NH4+ (aq)] is summarized as follows:
NH4+ (aq) ⇌ NH3 (aq) + H+ (aq)
Initial conc. (in M) 1 - -
At 50% dissociation 1-0.5, i.e., 0.5 0.5 0.5
The given value of pKₐ immediately reminds us of the form of Henderson-Hasselbalch equation containing pKₐ , i.e.,
pH = pKₐ + log₁₀ [tex]\frac{[salt]}{[acid]}[/tex] _ _ _(i)
But, NH₄⁺ (aq) exists as the conjugate acid form, as well as the salt (ionized) form. Hence, we cannot use equation. (i) for our calculations.
Therefore, we need to convert the above value of Kₐ to the equivalent Kb (for NH₃), corresponding to the reverse equilibrium.
This is achieved by using the relation
Kb = [tex]\frac{Kw}{Ka}[/tex]
or, -log₁₀ Kb = -log₁₀ Kw + log₁₀ Ka
or, pKb = pKw - pKa = 14 - 9.25 = 4.75
where, pKw = 1 x 10⁻¹⁴ (at 298 K).
Therefore, pKb of ammonia (NH₃) = 4.75
Now, we need to use the form of Henderson-Hasselbalch equation which uses Kb; which is in fact
pOH = pKb + log₁₀ [tex]\frac{[salt]}{[base]}[/tex] _ _ _(ii)
where the salt is NH₄⁺, and the base is NH₃. Further, we know that
Kw = [H⁺][OH⁻] or, pOH + pH = pKw = 14 or, pOH = 14 - pH
Substituting this relation in eq. (ii) gives
14 - pH = pKb + log₁₀ [tex]\frac{[NH4+]}{[NH3]}[/tex]
or, pH = 14 - pKb — log₁₀ [tex]\frac{[NH4+]}{[NH3]}[/tex]
As calculated, pKb = 4.75, [NH₄⁺] = 0.50 M, while [NH₃] = 0.50 M, assuming we start with a conc. of 1M NH₄⁺. Hence,
pH = 14 – 4.75 – log₁₀ [tex]\frac{0.50}{0.50}[/tex]
= 9.25 - log₁₀ ( 1 )
= 9.25 - 0
pH = 9.25
Hence, the pH of a solution consisting of 50% NH₃ and 50% NH₄⁺ will be equal to 9.25.
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How many moles of chlorine are present in 3 moles of MgCl2
The amount, in moles, of chlorine that would be present in 3 moles of [tex]MgCl_2[/tex] would be 6 moles.
Stoichiometric problem[tex]MgCl_2[/tex] is made from magnesium and chlorine molecules according to the following equation:
[tex]MgCl_2 --- > Mg^{2+} + 2Cl^-[/tex]
From the above equation, 1 mole of [tex]MgCl_2[/tex] is made up of 1 mole of Mg and 2 moles of Cl.
Following this established ratio, the amount of chlorine that would be present in 3 moles of [tex]MgCl_2[/tex] can be calculated as follows:
1 mole [tex]MgCl_2[/tex] = 2 moles of Cl
3 moles [tex]MgCl_2[/tex] = 2 x 3/1
= 6 moles of Cl
In other words, 6 moles of Cl would be present in 3 moles of [tex]MgCl_2[/tex].
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How many moles exist in 3,000,000 particles of gold (Au)?
Answer:
4.98 x 10^-18 mole
Explanation:
1 mole has 6.022 x 10^23 particles
so 3,000,000/(6.022 x 10^23) = 4.98 x 10^-18 mole
a housewife used the aluminum can to keep vinegar. After sometime, it is found that the vinegar is spoiled. Give a reason.
Answer:
Explanation:She was wrong
Which characteristic does inertia describe? responses how long an object is how long an object is how large an object is how large an object is how fast an object is moving how fast an object is moving how difficult it is to change an object's motion
Option C, Inertia describes how difficult it is to change the motion of an object.
What is meant by Inertia?The Latin term inerus, which meaning inert or slow, is where the word inertia originates. It may also refer to an object's resistance to a change in velocity.An object is said to have inertia if no external force forces it to change its speed or direction from its current state. Newton's first law of motion included a description of the concept of inertia. It is a propensity to do nothing or to do nothing different.Unless acted upon by an unbalanced force, an object remains at rest and an object in motion will remain to move at a constant speed and in a straight line. This is known as Newton's first law of motion (inertia).Learn more about Inertia refer to :
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which set of elements is arranged in order of increasing electronegativity? which set of elements is arranged in order of increasing electronegativity? ga < ge < p < n p < n < ge < ga ge < n < ga < p n < p < ge < ga
The electronegativity is n < p < ge < ga.
What is electronegativity?Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons when it forms a chemical bond with another atom. It is based on the Pauling Scale, which assigns values to elements based on their tendency to attract electrons when they form bonds. Electronegativity increases from left to right across the periodic table, and increases from the bottom to the top of the periodic table.
The correct answer is n < p < ge < ga. This is because electronegativity increases as we move down a group in the periodic table and from left to right across a period.
Therefore, the element with the highest electronegativity is at the bottom right corner of the periodic table, which is gaseous, followed by Germanium, Phosphorus, and then Nitrogen.
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Which type of isomers are o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene?
structural isomers
optical isomers
geometric isomers
o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene are structural isomers.
o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene are examples of aromatic isomers, also known as ortho-, meta-, and para-xylene, respectively. These isomers are classified as aromatic because they are part of a family of compounds known as aromatic hydrocarbons, which contain a ring of six carbon atoms bonded to each other in a specific way.
o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene are also examples of structural isomers. Structural isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the arrangement of their atoms. In the case of o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene, the atoms are arranged differently around the ring of six carbon atoms.
o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene are not optical isomers, which are also known as enantiomers. Optical isomers are compounds that are mirror images of each other but are not superimposable. Optical isomers are important in medicinal chemistry because they can have different biological properties even though they have the same molecular formula and structure.
o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene are also not geometric isomers. Geometric isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula and the same arrangement of atoms, but differ in the orientation of their atoms or groups of atoms in space. Geometric isomers are often found in compounds with cis-trans double bonds or ring structures.
Dna has an important role in making proteins, the biomolecules that help determine our traits as well as take part in chemical reactions throughout our bodies. Can you correctly label the steps/parts involved in protein synthesis?.
Protein synthesis is a process that is generated within cells where different organelles and genetic components are involved through which proteins are generated.
What are the steps of protein formation?The biosynthesis of proteins will be given by different parts, beginning with the translation of the genetic material. It will be given by different steps:
1. mRNA binds to ribosomes and the aminoacyl-tRNA to be associated to the first codon of the mRNA is associated.
2. The elongation of the polypeptide chain occurs, in which the amino acids are joined
3. The elongation is finished when the termination codons are reached.
4. The translation components are released and post-translational modifications are started.
5. The folding, glycosylation and modification of amino acids occur
6. Finally, the protein is released to generate its function
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(50 points)
Diurnal temperature range is the difference between ________ and ________ temperature each _________.
high, low, hour
high, low, day
beginning, ending, hour
beginning, ending, day
Answer: Diurnal temperature range is the difference between __maximum______ and ____minimum____ temperature each ___1 day______.
Explanation:
Which of the following is an example of a heterogeneous mixture?
salad
milk
paint
toothpaste
Answer:
salad
Explanation:
write a paragraph using the words atom, element, compound, and mixture.
An apple costs $0.63. One tree produces 418 apples. The orchard has 20 trees. The apple farmer wants to trade the orange farmer 3 oranges for every 2 apples. How many oranges is he able to obtain by trading 0.64 of his orchard?
The apple farmer is able to obtain 8,034.6 oranges by trading 0.64 of his orchard.
How to determine how many oranges he is able to obtain by trading 0.64 of his orchard?
A word problem is a mathematical exercise where significant background information on the problem is presented in ordinary language rather than in mathematical notation
First, let's find the total number of apples produced by the orchard:
20 trees × 418 apples/tree = 8,360 apples
Now, let's find the number of apples that the apple farmer is able to trade: 8,360 apples × 0.64 = 5,350.4 apples
Since the apple farmer wants to trade 3 oranges for every 2 apples, he will be able to obtain:
3 oranges / 2 apples × 5,350.4 apples = 8,025.6 oranges.
Therefore, the apple farmer is able to obtain 8,025.6 oranges by trading 0.64 of his orchard.
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Which of the following concentration measures will change in value as the temperature of a solution changes?
1. mass percent
2.mole fraction
3. molality
4. molarity
5. all of these
The concentration measures will change in value as the temperature of a solution changes is molarity. The correct option is 4.
What is molarity?The molarity of a substance refers to how much of it is present in a given volume of solution (M). Molarity is the measure of how many moles of a solute are present per liter of a solution. Molarity is also referred to as a solution's molar concentration.
To find the equation for molarity, divide the volume of solvent used to dissolve the given solute by the number of moles of that solute. M = n V
Since the volume of the solution rises as the temperature rises, molarity decreases. Therefore, molarity is normally affected when therefore is a change in temperature of a solution either when it increases or decreases.
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please help!
Are magnesium and calcium more reactive with oxygen in the air than is aluminum? Support your answer.
Magnesium and calcium are 2nd group elements with 2 valence electrons. They are metals in room temperature and easily lose these electrons to nonmetals such as oxygen.
What is magnesium ?Magnesium is 12th element in periodic table. It is 2nd group element and is a called alkaline earth metals. Its group members are calcium, strontium, and barium.
They contains 2 valence electrons which can be easily lost to a non-metal. Oxygen is highly electronegative element and it contains 6 valence electrons and need two more electrons to achieve octet.
Al is 13th group element it is not as much electropositive as alkaline earth metals. It contains 3 valence electrons and thus it need to lose all these 3 electrons to achieve octet. Hence, Al is less reactive towards O2 in comparison with Mg and Ca.
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what quantity is needed to convert between the moles of a given sample of a substance and its mass in grams
The molar mass of the substance is needed to convert between the moles of a given sample of a substance and its mass in grams.
What is molar mass?A compound's molar mass, which is measured in grams per mole, specifies how much of a given material weighs in one mole. In other terms, the molar mass is the sum of the masses of all the atoms that make up a mole of a certain molecule, expressed in grams. As a result, the molar mass is measured in grams/mole.
The compound's molar mass is expressed in grams per mole, or g/mol. The mass of 1 mol, expressed in the SI as g/mol, is the definition of the molar mass. Example: Water has a molar mass of 18.016 g/mol.
Thus, The molar mass of the substance is needed to convert between the moles of a given sample of a substance and its mass in grams.
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The complete question is as follows:
What quantity is needed to convert between the moles of a given sample of a substance and its mass in grams?
a the molar mass of the substance
b the density of the substance
с the physical state of the substance
d all of the above
what special equipment did niels bohr use to develop his atomic model?
Neil Bohr used the fluorescent screen and an alpha particle detector to study the structure of an atom.
What is an atom?
An atom is defined as the smallest unit of matter which forms an element. Every form of matter whether solid,liquid , gas consists of atoms . Each atom has a nucleus which is composed of protons and neutrons and shells in which the electrons revolve.
Atoms of the same element are similar as they have number of sub- atomic particles which on combination do not alter the chemical properties of the substances.
The atom as a whole is neutral and stable due to presence of oppositely charged particles.
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classify each of the following characteristics as related to fusion, fission, or both
Used in nuclear
power plants
Byproducts have
long half-lives
Needs very high
temperatures
Releases lots
of energy
Occurs on the sun
Fission only
Fusion only
Fission and fusion
Nuclear Fission include used in nuclear power plants and byproducts have long half-lives, Nuclear fusion includes occurs on the sun and needs very high temperatures, while Nuclear fission and Nuclear fusion includes release lots of energy.
What are Nuclear fission nuclear and Nuclear fusion?Nuclear fission is a physico chemical process caused when an atom divides into two smaller atoms, which released important amounts of energy and it is used to generate electricity in nuclear power plants.
Conversely, Nuclear fusion occurs when smaller atoms such as hydrogen fuse to form larger atoms, which is able to generate much more energy when compares to Nuclear fusion, and this process fuel energy in the sun.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that fission nuclear and fusion nuclear are very different processes in terms of the division of fusion of atoms and they release differential amounts of energy.
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ip the electron in a hydrogen atom with an energy of -0.544 ev is in a subshell with 18 states. part a what is the principal quantum number, n, for this atom?
The principle quantum number(n) for this atom is 5
The position in an atom's shells and the size of an electron orbital are described by the primary quantum number, which is the most significant. The quantum number connected to the angular momentum of an atomic electron is called the azimuthal quantum number.
The energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom [tex]E_{n} = -0.544eV[/tex]
For hydrogen, Z = 1
The principal quantum number for [tex]n[/tex] for this atom is calculated by for this atom is determined using Bohr's atomic model,
So that [tex]E_{n} = \frac{-13.6(Z)^{2}}{n^{2}}eVatom^{-1}[/tex]
Where [tex]n[/tex] is the principal quantum number, [tex]E[/tex] is the energy, and [tex]Z[/tex] is the atomic number The values are substituted,
=> [tex]-0.544eV = -\frac{13.6(1)^{2}}{n^{2}} eVatom^{-1}[/tex]
[tex]n^{2} = -\frac{13.6}{-0.544} \\n^{2} = 25\\n = 5[/tex]
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how are components separated using distillation? the substance with the [ select ] vapor pressure is vaporized first, and then it is
The material with the lower boiling point vaporizes first when heated, then condenses and collects.
The heat that is generated during the condensation process of higher boiling vapor is what leads to the process of vaporization. Because it has such a huge surface area, the packing enables vapors to move freely between the ascending and descending directions. In the process of evaporation, the vaporization happens at a temperature lower than the boiling point, whereas in the distillation process, the vaporization happens at the boiling point.
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A science class is going to do an experiment to investigate how water temperature changes the rate at which salt dissolves in water. What tool will be needed to measure the temperature of the water?
Answer:
thermometers
Explanation:
Answer: thermometer
Explanation: trust me ;)
How many elements belong to the Halogen family? List the member elements by their symbol?
Answer:
5
Explanation:
fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At).
Plastic beads used in jewelry making are made of long molecules usually consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Compare the bonding in these molecules to the bonding in gems.
There are two types of chemical compound one is covalent compound and other is ionic compound, covalent compound formed by sharing of electron and ionic compound formed by complete transfer of electron. Therefore, gems have ionic bonding and plastic beads have covalent bonding.
What is chemical Compound?Chemical Compound is a combination of molecule, Molecule forms by combination of element and element forms by combination of atoms in fixed proportion.
An ionic compound is a metal and nonmetal combined compound. Ionic compound are very hard. They have high melting and boiling point because of strong ion bond. Gems have ionic bonds formed between metals and nonmetals. Plastic beads, will have covalent bonds because it is easily deformed.
Therefore, gems have ionic bonding and plastic beads have covalent bonding.
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What makes a field forever unique?
From cotton fields to corn stalks, if this is what you mean, a forever field is unique in its own way by keeping all types of plants in the field. They are all different in how they grow and what they do.
based on their structures, rank phenol, benzene, benzaldehyde, and benzoic acid in terms of lowest to highest boiling point. explain your reasoning.
Increasing order of boiling point of the given molecules is
Benzene< Benzaldehyde<Phenol<Benzoic acid.
Boiling point is directly proportional to intermolecular forces.
The intermolecular forces present in the given molecules are.
so, as benzene is nonpolar , only weak london dispersion force is present. Hence boiling point of benzene is least among the given molecules. Benzaldehyde is polar, so dipole -dipole force is also present. But no H-bonding is present. Hence, boiling point of benzaldehyde is less than that of phenol and benzoic acid. Now, both phenol and benzoic acid is polar as well as they can form H-bonding. But phenol can only form intermolecular hydrogen bonding, but benzoic acid can form both intermolecular as well as intramolecular H bonding. So it can exist as dimer. The presence of dimer further strengthen the vander Waals dispersion forces , that increases the boiling point of Benzoic acid.
Hence increasing order of boiling point of the given molecules is
Benzene< Benzaldehyde<Phenol<Benzoic acid.
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What is the correct molecular formula for the compound magnesium chromate pentahydrate?
MgCrO4•5H2O is the answer
The correct molecular formula for the compound magnesium chromate pentahydrate is as follows: MgCrO₄•5H₂O.
What is molecular formula?Molecular formula in chemistry is a notation indicating the number of atoms of each element present in a compound.
Chemical or molecular formula is a way of presenting information about the chemical proportions of atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound or molecule, using chemical element symbols, numbers, and sometimes also other symbols, such as parentheses, dashes, brackets, commas and plus (+) and minus (−) signs.
The chemical formula also reveals information about the types and number of atoms that make up a chemical compound or molecule.
For example; a chemical compound named magnesium chromate pentahydrate will have a chemical formula of MgCrO₄•5H₂O.
This tells us that the compound contains magnesium, chromium, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms.
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this is the chemical formula for talc (the main ingredient in talcum powder): an analytical chemist has determined by measurements that there are moles of magnesium in a sample of talc. how many moles of oxygen are in the sample? be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
Mg3 (Si,03),(OH), is the chemical formula for talc: an analytical chemist has determined by measurements that there are 90.4 moles of magnesium and 2.43 moles of oxygen in a sample of talc.
Talcum powder is formed from talc. Talc is a mineral created up primarily of metallic element, silicon, and oxygen. As a powder, it absorbs wet well and helps weigh down on friction, creating it helpful for keeping skin dry and serving to forestall rashes.This mineral is employed as a thickening agent and stuff. It's an ingredient in ceramics, paints, and building material.
Talc is a hydrous magnesium sheet salt with the statement Mg3Si4O10(OH)2. The elementary sheet consists of a layer of magnesium-oxygen/hydroxyl octahedra, sandwiched between 2 layers of siliconoxygen tetrahedra.
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