What does the VSEPR theory describe

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The shape of a molecule based on the number of electron pairs on the valence shell of its central atom

Explanation:

The improvement of the Sidgwick-Powell theory came to be known as the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory (VSEPR). This theory approaches the determination of molecular shape from the perspective of the number of electron pairs on the valence shell of the central atom in the molecule.

Electron pairs on the valence shells of atoms leads to repulsion. Repulsion between two lone pairs is greater than repulsion between a lone pair and a bond pair which is also greater than repulsion between two bond pairs.

Lone pairs cause more repulsion, hence they distort molecules from the ideal shape predicted based on their electron domain geometry.


Related Questions

What combination of substances will give a buffered solution that has a pH of 5.05? (Assume each pair of substances is dissolved in 5.0 L of water.) (Kb for NH3 = 1.8 ´ 10–5; Kb for C5H5N = 1.7 ´ 10–9) Select one: a. 1.0 mole NH3 and 1.5 mole NH4Cl b. 1.5 mole NH3 and 1.0 mole NH4Cl c. 1.0 mole C5H5N and 1.5 mole C5H5NHCl d. 1.5 mole C5H5N and 1.0 mole C5H5NHCl e. none of these

Answers

Answer:

c. 1.0 mole C5H5N and 1.5 mole C5H5NHCl

Explanation:

We can determine pH of a buffer using H-H equation:

pH = pKa + log [A⁻] / [HA]

Where [A⁻] is concentration of conjugate base and [HA] concentration of weak acid. These concentrations can be computed as moles of each species.

We need to determine pKa of both NH₃ and C₅H₅N buffers, thus:

pKb = -log Kb

NH₃ pKb = -log 1.8x10⁻⁵ = 4.74

C₅H₅N pKb = -log 1.7x10⁻⁹ = 8.77

And pKa = 14 - pKb:

NH₃ pKa = 14 - 4.74 = 9.26

C₅H₅N pKb = 14 - 8.77 = 5.23

A buffer works only under pH's between pKa-1 and pKa + 1. As pKa NH₃ buffer is 9.23 is not possible to produce a buffer with pH 5.05 for this system.

Thus, we only will compute the buffers made with C₅H₅N:

c. 1.0 mole C5H5N (Weak base) and 1.5 mole C5H5NHCl (Conjugate acid)

pH = pKa + log [A⁻] / [HA]

pH = 5.23+ log [1.0 moles] / 1.5 moles]

pH = 5.05

d. 1.5 mole C5H5N and 1.0 mole C5H5NHCl

pH = pKa + log [A⁻] / [HA]

pH = 5.23+ log [1.5 moles] / 1.0 moles]

pH = 5.41

Right solution is:

c. 1.0 mole C5H5N and 1.5 mole C5H5NHCl

Explain how the energy of a toy car is transformed as it slides down a ramp. Give evidence that the energy of the car remains the same at all points on the ramp. (30 points)

Answers

Answer:

As the car starts to slide down the ramp, it is kinetic energy and when it's on the top of the ramp,  it is potential energy. We can see that the energy is now being transferred through the car and ramp.

how will you measure the length of a curved line by using a thread? ​

Answers

A curved line or surface cannot be measured by a straight scale, a measuring tape or thread must be used instead.To measure a curved line using a thread, follow the below steps:

Tie a knot at one end of the thread.
Place the thread at the beginning of the line and try to measure a small initial portion of the line which is relatively straight.
Place your thumb at the other end of the measured portion and measure next straighter portion.
Repeat the above step till the end of line is reached. Make a knot at the end of the line.
Now, straighten the thread and measure the length of the two knots on a scale.

how many oxygen atoms are in 7.25g of calcium nitrate

Answers

Answer:

The answer to this question is approximately equal to 1.6 ×

[tex] 1.6 \times {10}^{23} atom \: o[/tex]

156. A solid metal sphere has a volume of 4.2 ft}. The mass
of the sphere is 155 lb. Find the density of the metal
sphere in grams per cubic centimeter.

Answers

Answer:

The answer is

0.59 g/cm³

Explanation:

To find the density of the sphere we use the formula

[tex]Density \: = \frac{mass}{volume} [/tex]

To find the density in g/cm³ first convert the mass into grams and the volume into cm³

For the mass we have

155 lb = 70306.82 g

For the volume

4.2 ft³ = 118930.76 cm³

Substitute the values into the above formula

That's

[tex]Density \: = \frac{70306.82 \: g}{118930.76 \: cm³} [/tex]

We have the final answer as

Density = 0.59 g/cm³

Hope this helps you

anyone knows how to do this-

Answers

Explanation:

The number of protons in the element C^12 (Carbon) is 6, number of electrons 12 and number of Neutrons is 6, same as the number of protons it contains

C^13 has 13 electrons, 6 protons and 7 Neutrons this one's neutron number is different from proton number because it's an isotope

Na^-1 has gained an electron so the number of electrons it has = 24 and the number of protons shown as 11 which means there are 23 - 11 = 12 Neutrons

O^-2 has gained two electrons and got 18 electrons in total, 8 protons and 8 neutrons

How can you use the scientific method in everyday life?

Answers

You can use the scientific method everyday by asking questions and doing experiments. For example, you want to know how a fire starts, so you do an experiment with it!

I'll GIVE BRAINLIEST: In a redox reaction, CO is changed to CO2. How many electrons must be lost or gained by C and why?

Answers

Answer:

C is gaining 2 electrons

Explanation:

O has a 2- charge so for CO to pick up another O atom would add 2 more electrons.

Answer:

C gains 2 electrons

Explanation:

In the redox reaction, CO is changed into CO2 which means there is an additional oxygen. Oxygen loses 2 of its electrons in order to neutralize. So, C must be gaining 2 electrons in order to make the bond.

3.7500 x 104 + 9.7100 x 105

Answers

Answer: [tex]1409.55[/tex]

Remove the 0's from each decimal number

[tex]3.7500 ---> 3.75\\9.7100 ---> 9.71[/tex]

Multiply

[tex]3.75*104=390\\9.71*105=1019.55[/tex]

Add

[tex]930+1019.55=1409.55[/tex]

List the metals Mg, Cu, Au, Na and Al in the decreasing order of their reactivity with air.

Answers

Answer:

Na is most reactiveAlcuAu is less reactiveIN HERE

Answer:

Potassium  (K)

Sodium  (Na)    

Calcium  (Ca)

Magnesium (Mg)  

Aluminium  (Al)

Iron  (Fe)  

Lead  (Pb)

Copper  (Cu)  

Silver  (Ag)

Gold  (Au)

Plz help me...!!! I need this answer by today!....

What is the weight of a 98 kg astronaut on the Mars where the value of the gravitational pull is 3.711 m/s2?
What is his mass on earth? What is his weight on Venus where the gravitational pull is 8.87 m/s2?


Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

given mass on earth =98 kg

gravitational pull on mars =3.711 m/s2

gravitational pull on venus =8.87 m/s2

weight of the body on mars =weight on earth/9.81 m/s2 *3.711 m/s2

W=98 kg*3.711 /9.81m/s2

W=37.07 kg

weight on the venus =weight on earth*8.87 m/s2 /9.81 m/s2

W= 98 kg*7.87 m/s2/9.81 m/s2

W=78.62 kg

tion 1/3
A white rhinoceros weighs about 1,500 pounds (lb). How many tons (T) does the rhinoceros weigh? (1 T =
A. 1.5 T
o
B. 1 T
C. 0.75 T
D. 0.5 T

Answers

Answer:

.75 Tons

Explanation:

1 Ton is equal to 2,000 pounds

How would a decrease in volume affect the following reaction? N2 (g) + O2 (g) Two arrows stacked on top of each other. The top arrow points to the right. The bottom arrow points to the left. 2NO(g) (1 point) The equilibrium would shift to the right. The equilibrium would shift to the left. There would be no change to equilibrium. The affect on equilibrium cannot be determined.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

                        N₂(g) + O₂(g) ⇄ 2NO( g )

We shall apply Le Chatelier's principle to see the effect of decrease in volume or increase in concentration on the effect of state of equilibrium in the reaction given .

In this reaction 1 volume of nitrogen gas reacts with 1 volume of oxygen to give 2 volume of NO gas . In total there is no change in volume due to reaction . So when we change the volume , the concentration of reactant and product will affect the rate of forward and reverse reaction . Overall there will be no change in the state of equilibrium . The equilibrium will neither shift to the right nor will shift to the left.

It will remain unchanged .

calculate the weight of 3.491 into 10 to the power 19 molecules of cl2​

Answers

Answer:

The mass of 3.491 × 10¹⁹ molecules of Cl₂  of Cl₂ is 4.11 × 10⁻³ grams

Explanation:

The number of particles in one mole of a substance id=s given by the Avogadro's number which is approximately 6.023 × 10²³ particles

Therefore, we have;

One mole of Cl₂ gas, which is a compound, contains 6.023 × 10²³ individual molecules of Cl₂

3.491 × 10¹⁹ molecules of Cl₂ is equivalent to (3.491 × 10¹⁹)/(6.023 × 10²³) = 5.796 × 10⁻⁵ moles of Cl₂

The mass of one mole of Cl₂ = 70.906 g/mol

The mass of 5.796 × 10⁻⁵ moles of Cl₂ = 70.906 × 5.796 × 10^(-5) = 4.11 × 10⁻³ grams

Therefore;

The mass of 3.491 × 10¹⁹ molecules of Cl₂  of Cl₂ = 4.11 × 10⁻³ grams.

Ou Esaplain different form
of oxygen?​

Answers

Answer:

oxygen is the chemical element with the atomic number is 8 and the symbol is o its known as called oxygen.

Explanation:

Oxygen is the most third element in the universe at they standard and temperature and pressure,and oxides most elements as other compounds.

Oxygen gas is the earth atmosphere is 21%, an oxygen is the half of the earth crust in form of oxide,oxygen is liquid and solid gas.

Oxygen atoms such as proteins and acids, fats the major organic compounds, oxygen as component of the water and carbon dioxide.

Oxygen has many characteristics :- properties and molecular structure:-

this  is a pressure and temperature  with molecular formula referred as oxygen,simply describe a double bond and molecular orbits.

Physical properties:- oxygen is highly substance and must be combustible materials, oxygen may also from using a liquid nitrogen coolant, molecular oxygen is the associated with the process of air glow.

Stellar origin :- all of the remaining to half lives to the majority of are less then milliseconds.

Occurrence:- oxygen is the process part of the element in the earth crust, free oxygen is also occurs in the world bodies.

Analysis :- analysis to the structure of vegetation and the carbon cycle on a global scale.

Which of the following elements has a complete outer shell of electrons? A. Iron (Fe) B. Hydrogen (H) C. Neon (Ne) D. Nitrogen (N)

Answers

Answer:

The answer is Neon

Answer:

neon

Explanation:

neon has a complete outer 2n shell

What orbits around the nucleus

Answers

Answer:

Electrons orbit the nucleus.

Answer:

electrons

Explanation:Atoms are made up of protons and neutrons located within the nucleus, with electrons in orbitals surrounding the nucleus.

How many molecules of sodium oxide will be created if 275 grams of sodium reacts with excess oxygen? Given the equation: 4Na + O2 -> 2Na2O

Answers

Answer:

3.60 x 10^24 molecules Na2O

Explanation:

Match the set of measurements of the boiling point of water with the best

description.

Measurements

Description

6. 103 °C, 90 °C, 101 °C

a.

Precise

7. 100 °C, 99 °C, 100 °C

b.

Accurate

8. 105 °C, 106 °C, 105 °C

c. Both accurate and precise

9. 99 °C, 101 °C, 100 °C

d. Neither accurate nor precise

Answers

Answer:

Matching

6.D

7.A

8.C

9.B

Explanation:

Took test

103 °C, 90 °C, 101 °C Neither accurate nor precise, 100 °C, 99 °C, 100 °C are Precise, 105 °C, 106 °C, 105 °C are Both accurate and precise, 99 °C, 101 °C, 100 °C are Accurate. These are the correct set of measurements of the boiling point of water.

what are  boiling point and melting point ?

The melting point is defined as the temperature at which solid and liquid phases are at equilibrium state, whereas the boiling point is defined as the temperature at which the pressure of a vapor of a  liquid is equal to the external pressure.

Melting point in which the melting of solid occur to become a liquid at a given temperature, here the molecules gain enough amount of kinetic energy to get the intermolecular forces to convert into another form.

In case of Boiling point the liquid phase enters into the gaseous phase, when the external pressure is high than a temperature for the vapor pressure equal to the external pressure.

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es with hydrogen
atoms
Fill the valencies with
C
+
() C c-c=c
(ii)
(
c
C - C = C
/
c
(ii)
c
- C
با
-
1
c - c
С — С
co

Answers

Answer:

all u have to do is inserting hydrogen atoms where it's possible, if carbon is not bonded to any element, then it can have 4 hydrogens. for the first chain, the first carbon can have 3 hydrogen atoms, the second carbon 1 hydrogen atom only the third also 1 hydrogen since there is double bond and the 4th 2 hydrogen atoms

Answer:

a rat and a cat can have sex

xD

Explanation:

HELPPPP Name the three states of matter. Describe the arrangement and movement of atoms in a substance for each state.

Answers

Solid, Liquid, and Gas

Solid is the state in which matter maintains a fixed volume and shape; liquid is the state in which matter adapts to the shape of its container but varies only slightly in volume; and gas is the state in which matter expands to occupy the volume and shape of its container.

The states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. Solid is the state in which matter maintains a fixed volume and shape; liquid is the state in which matter adjusts to the shape of its container but tends to vary only mildly in volume; and gas is the state in which matter expands to occupy the volume and shape of its container.

What is matter?

Matter would be any substance with mass and volume that occupies space.

Matter exists in three states: solid, liquid, and gas. The states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.

Solid is the phase in which matter retains a fixed volume and shape.Liquid is the entity in which matter adjusts to the shape of its container but tends to vary only slightly in volume.Gas is the phase in which matter expands to occupy the volume and shape of its container.

Thus, above-mentioned are the three states of matter.

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The substances are placed in separate containers at room temperature, and each container is gradually cooled. Which of these substances will solidify before the temperature reaches 0°C? benzene water butane nitrogen

Answers

Answer:

Benzene

Explanation:

You have to find the freezing point for each of these (make sure they're in Celsius). You might want to double check these but:

Benzene: 5.5

Water: 0

Butane: -138

Nitrogen: -210

The substances that will solidify before the temperature reaches 0°C is benzene. The correct option is A.

What is freezing point?

Freezing, also known as solidification, is a phase transition that occurs when the temperature of a liquid falls below its freezing point.

If the intermolecular forces between its molecules are strong, the freezing point is high.

When the forces are weak, the freezing point is low. The freezing point of a liquid or the melting point of a solid occurs when the solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium.

Pure benzene has a freezing point of 5.48 degrees Celsius. Because of the salt in it, fresh water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit, but seawater freezes at around 28.4 degrees Fahrenheit.

Thus, as per the given scenario, the correct option is A.

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.hlp me to solve mcq​

Answers

Answer:

i) b

ii) c

Explanation:

Please see attached picture for full solution.

A balloon is floating around outside your window. The temperature outside is 31 ∘C , and the air pressure is 0.700 atm . Your neighbor, who released the balloon, tells you that he filled it with 4.10 moles of gas. What is the volume of gas inside this balloon? Express to THREE signficant figures.

Answers

Answer:

the volume of gas inside this balloon = 146.3 L

Explanation:

Given that:

The temperature T = 31 °C = ( 31 + 273.15 )K = 304.15 K

The air pressure P = 0.700 atm

number of moles of gas n = 4.10 moles

Gas constant = 0.0821 L atm/K/mol

The objective is to calculate the volume of the gas inside the ballon.

Using the Ideal gas equation

PV = nRT

V = nRT/P

V = (4.10×0.0821×304.15)/0.700

V = 102.3799/0.700

V = 146.257 L

V = 146.3 L

Thus, the volume of gas inside this balloon = 146.3 L

If an object's mass is 70 g, and its volume is 10cm cubed, what is its density?

Answers

The answer is 7,000

If an object's mass is 70 g, and its volume is 10cm cubed,  its density is 7 centimeter cube.

What is density?

The density of any solid substance is the unit of the area occupied by it in per centimeter of the cube of the volume in the given sample and calculated by dividing the mass and the volume of the compound unit will be centimeter cube.

The mass of the given object is 70 gram and the volume is given is 10 cm to find the density,

                       Density = mass of object / volume of object

substituting the value in the formula,

                 Density = 70 / 10

                 Density = 7 centimeter cube.

Therefore, the density of the given object will be 7 centimeter cube if  an object's mass is 70 g, and its volume is 10cm cubed.

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An element’s most stable ion forms an ionic compound with bromine, having the formula XBr2. If the ion of element "X" has a mass number of 230 and has 86 electrons, what is the identity of the element, and how many neutrons does it have?

Answers

Answer:

88

Explanation:

The ion has a charge of 2+, therefore the number of neutrons it possess is 86+2

which equals 88

The element X having a mass number of 230 and has 86 electrons is radium and has  142 neutrons.

An atom is composed basically of electrons, protons and neutrons. In a neutral atom, the number of protons and electrons are equal. The number of neutrons is the difference between the mass number and the number of protons (atomic number).

Since we know that the ion of the element X has 86 electrons and the compound formed is XBr2, it then means that neutral X has 88 electrons.

The number of electrons in the neutral atom is the same as the number of protons or atomic number. An element can be identified by its atomic number. The element having atomic number 88 is radium.

The number of neutrons is obtained as;

Mass number - atomic number

230 - 88 = 142 neutrons

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A sample of copper is heated to 100°C and placed into a calorimeter containing 50 g of water at 25°C after a few minutes the final temperature of the system reaches 40°C how much heat in joules was released by the copper Sample

Answers

Answer:

Heat = 3138J

Explanation:

In the system, the sample of Copper is releasing heat that produce the increasing in the temperature of water.

Using the equation of calorimeter, we can find the heat released for the sample of copper (The same that is absorbed for the water):

Q = C×m×ΔT

Where Q is heat, C is specific heat (For water: 4.184J/molK), m is the mass of water (50g) and ΔT is change in temperature of water (40°C-25°C = 15°C)

Replacing:

Q = 4.184J/molK×50g×15°C

Q = 3138J is the heat released for the sample of Copper (The same absorbed for the water).

Answer:

heat=3138j

Explanation:

In the system, the sample of Copper is releasing heat that produce the increasing in the temperature of water.

Using the equation of calorimeter, we can find the heat released for the sample of copper (The same that is absorbed for the water):

Q = C×m×ΔT

Where Q is heat, C is specific heat (For water: 4.184J/molK), m is the mass of water (50g) and ΔT is change in temperature of water (40°C-25°C = 15°C)

Replacing:

Q = 4.184J/molK×50g×15°C

Q = 3138J is the heat released for the sample of Copper (The same absorbed for the water).

HELP!!!!!!, I need this urgently!!!
Compare the properties of producer and water gas​

Answers

Answer:

Producer gas and water gas contain carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

What would be the pH of an HNO3 solution if the [H+] = 3.26 x 10-6 moles/liter? 5.49 4.67 6.32

Answers

Answer:

5.49

Explanation:

pH = - log[3.26 x 10-6] =5.49

the overall take away of an experiment’s results is the______. A. hypothesis B. introduction C. conclusion

Answers

Answer:

conclusion

Explanation:

it can't be a hypothesis since tests are carried out to verify so it is not a theory

an introduction to an experiment only gives the basis of what we are investigating therefore nothing has been proven and the question is still unanswered

The overall takeaway of an experiment’s results is the conclusion. Hence, option C is correct.

What is a hypothesis?

A hypothesis is a testable statement about the relationship between two or more variables or a proposed explanation for some observed experiment.

The overall takeaway of an experiment’s results can't be a hypothesis since tests are carried out to verify so it is not a theory

An experiment only gives an idea about the investigation therefore nothing has been proven and the question is still unanswered.

Hence, the overall takeaway of an experiment’s results is the conclusion.

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