Answer:
amylase
Any of a class of digestive enzymes, present in saliva, that break down complex carbohydrates such as starch into simpler sugars such as glucose.
which specialized senses, do not rely on hair-like appearing cell structures or cilia to transduce stimuli?
Answer: Touch.
Explanation:
Cilia are short, mobile prolongations which contain a central structure made up of microtubules and proteins, enveloped by the cytosol and the plasma membrane. They are involved in cell movement, transport of materials, displacement of fluids, among others. Cilia are important for many biological processes, such as the senses of taste, hearing, smell, sight and balance.
For example, each taste bud of the tongue is made up of a set of cells, among which are the taste cells that have cilia that come into contact with the substances dissolved in the mouth by saliva. As for the sense of hearing, when there is a sound, the endolymph in the cochlea moves and this stimulates the cilia of the internal sensitive cells, which communicate with the acoustic nerve that informs the brain of what the sound is like. In the sense of smell, the receptors are the olfactory cilia of the olfactory neurons, which are located in the mucosa of the upper portion of the nostril, above the level of the superior concha. In the sense of vision, cones and rods are the two types of photoreceptor cells that capture light energy and convert it into electrical signals. They are highly specialized cells and can be differentiated into several regions: an outer segment, an inner segment containing the nucleus and a synaptic terminal. The outer segments are modified cilia and consist of flattened membranous sacs or disks. As for the balance system, the vestibular system consists of the utricle and the saccule, which are chamber-shaped organs filled with endolymph. The maculae of the saccule are located in a vertical plane and effectively capture the accelerations of the upward and downward movements of the head, and therefore of the gravitational forces. The hair cells of the maculae are responsible for transforming the mechanical energy produced by movement into nerve signals. The activity of these cells is determined by their morphofunctional polarization or ciliary organization, which is different in the utricle and in the saccule.
Thus, the only sense that does not depend on cilia to transmit stimuli is touch. The skin contains nerve endings, as well as glands, blood vessels and hair follicles. These nerve endings detect pain, touch, pressure and temperature.
can anyone explain what is stroke volume?
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Answer:
The definition of stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle of the heart during each systolic cardiac contraction.
Explanation:
The stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped from the left ventricle per beat. It is calculated by using the measurements of ventricle volume from echocardiogram and subtracting the end systolic volume from end diastolic volume.
Answer:
Stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle of the heart during each systolic cardiac contraction
Explanation:
The left ventricle is one of the four chambers in the heart that pumps blood full of oxygen to the body. Stroke volume is basically how much blood pumps out of it per beat.
Hope this helped
Which of the following is true about oncogenes
Answer:
genes involved in the cell cycle following a mutation become oncogenes.
Carnivore that feeds on primary consumers
Question 3 Multiple Choice Worth 3 points
(01.01 LC)
Which of the following is an example of a decomposer?
Please answer the following Anthropology questions fully, thoroughly, and in depth.
Part i. What adaptations are associated with an insectivory diet? Give an example of a primate that has this diet.
Part ii. What adaptations are associated with a gummivory diet? Give an example of a primate that has this diet.
Part iii. What adaptations are associated with a frugivory diet? Give an example of a primate that has this diet.
Part iv. What adaptations are associated with a folivory diet? Give an example of a primate that has this diet.
Part v. What adaptations are associated with vertical clinging and leaping? Give an example of a primate that practices this form of locomotion.
The examples that you need are 1-Gummivory: marmoset, tamarins; 2-Frugivores: spider monkey, ray-bellied night monkey (owl monkey); 3-Folivory: howler monkey, leaf monkey, colobine; and 4-Vertical clinging and leaping: lemurs and tarsiers
A gummivore is an animal (in this case, a primate) with a feeding strategy that depends on the sap or gum from trees. It is a type of diet that consists primarily of exudates. Some adaptations observed in these species include: 1-specialized anterior teeth in order to stab bark; 2-well-developed claws for clinging to trees
Frugivores primates have a feeding strategy mainly based on raw fruits. Some adaptations observed in these species include 1-low rounded molar cusps and 2-broad incisors.
Folivore primates (also called leaf-eating monkeys) have a feeding strategy mainly based on leaves. Some adaptations observed in these species include 1-narrow incisors, 2-broad molars (high shearing crests), 3-thin enamel molars.
Vertical clinging and leaping is an arboreal locomotor pattern practiced by lemurs and tarsiers. These animals push off from one vertical support with their hindlimbs to land on another vertical support. Some adaptations observed in these species include 1-hips, knees, feet, arms, and tails that facilitate climbing and leaping, 2-large hip extensor muscles and 3-specialized minor muscles.
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functions of insulin
Answer:
Insulin helps control blood glucose levels by signaling the liver and muscle and fat cells to take in glucose from the blood. Insulin therefore helps cells to take in glucose to be used for energy. If the body has sufficient energy, insulin signals the liver to take up glucose and store it as glycogen.
Explanation:
What test is used to ensure that the results you expect are the same as the results you are observing?
A. Epistatic test
B. Chi-squared test
C. Observational confirmation test
D. Punnett square test
Reset Selection
Answer:
b. Chi Squared
Explanation:
The chi squared test is best to find signifigance between differences in observed and expected values.
Which of the following words is generally used to describe what managers do as opposed to what leaders do b) Organize c) Inspire O d) Innovate
State whether the following statements are true or False. Hormones in plants travel by the vascular bundle.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
In plants, hormones travel large throughout the body via the vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) and cell-to-cell via plasmodesmata. In contrast, many animal hormones are produced only in specific glands. Plants do not have specialized hormone-producing glands.
How does pollution affect biodiversity
Answer:
All forms of pollution pose a serious threat to biodiversity, but in particular nutrient loading, primarily of nitrogen and phosphorus, which is a major and increasing cause of biodiversity loss and ecosystem dysfunction. ... In addition, nitrogen compounds can lead to eutrophication of ecosystems.
In a hydrogen ion pump, the energy is used to join small molecules together
to
make larger ones. Which factor most likely has the greatest effect on the
number of molecules mitochondria can produce?
Answer: The number of H+ ions moving down the channel
Explanation:
Human being get energy from
Ammonia produced in the intestines from the breakdown of proteins by bacterial enzymes is the primary source of plasma ammonia
Select one:
1.True
2.False
i need help in biology questions please G10?
Answer:
ok where is it
we can help only if there is something attached
Our body needs both vitamin and mineral in a small quantity ,still they are important why?
Answer:
Vitamins and minerals are considered essential nutrients—because acting in concert, they perform hundreds of roles in the body. They help shore up bones, heal wounds, and bolster your immune system. They also convert food into energy, and repair cellular damage.
As water is cooled from 4° C to 0° C, its density
A. stays the same
B. decreases and increases
C. increases
D. decreases
Answer:
I believe that it increases (becoming more dense)
Explanation:
Well 0°C is freezing point so I think that in that state it will become a solid from a liquid and freeze into ice.
Environmental scientists cite several challenges to protecting endangered species. Which of the following is NOT a difficulty faced by those working to protect an endangered species? Scientists who are focused on a single species may not recognize another species in peril. Extinction is natural in nature and its rate of occurrence has remained steady. Protection efforts may be slowed because of difficulty enforcing new regulations. Fundraising can be more difficult if the species is not perceived as valuable.
Answer:
Extinction is natural in nature and its rate of occurrence has remained steady.
Explanation:
As of right now we are going through what is known as the sixt extinction, and human acticity is one of the Main causes. (which has never happened before our time) Species are going extinct at a rapid rate, and considering how all life is connected it makes it easy to understand why the extinction rates can increase due to a biotic factor (niche) being "removed". (:
which enzyme breaks down lipids? which enzyme breaks down fats? which enzyme breaks down proteins?
Answer:
lipase enzymes, lipase, proteolytic enzymes
Answer:
for lipids and fat is same enzyme that is lipase enzyme. protease enzyme is for proteins.
Digestion is primarily controlled by the _____.
When the concentration of ADH increases, __________.
Explanation:
Less urine is produced this will help u
The most basic organization level of life is a ____________. A. membrane B. tissue C. cell D. organ
[tex]Hello[/tex] [tex]There![/tex]
The answer is...
C. Cell.
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The nitrogen cycle is the using and reusing of nitrogen in an ecosystem. True or false?
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Nitrogen is a fundamental component of both inorganic and organic compounds, where it is the main constituent of biomolecules such as nucleic acids (DNA, RNA) and proteins. The nitrogen cycle refers to the biogeochemical processes by which nitrogen circulates between the components of an ecosystem, i.e., between organisms (like plants and decomposers), and non-living things (i.e., soil, water, air). This cycle consists of several processes which include, among others, nitrogen fixation (i.e., the process by which nitrogen in the atmosphere is converted into ammonia), nitrification (i.e., the oxidation of ammonia is oxidized into nitrite and subsequent transformation of nitrites into nitrates), denitrification (where nitrate is reduced), anaerobic ammonia oxidation and putrefaction.
H. pylori cannot grow in other microenvironments of the human body because the conditions are unsuitable for its growth, but other species require different conditions.
a. True
b. False
Answer:
it should be an true statement
QUESTION 11 1. Through PCR, we have determined the PER3 genotypes for a class of students as follows: H4/H4 = 125 individuals; H4/H5 = 85 individuals and H5/H5=24 individuals. Using the allele's frequencies experimentally derived, calculate the frequency of the H4/H5 genotype that would be expected if the class were a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. 1. 0.28 2. 0.51 3. 0.19 4. 0.72 5. 0.14 6. 0.24 7. 0.41 QUESTION 12 1. Through PCR, we have determined the PER3 genotypes for a class of students as follows: H4/H4 = 125 individuals; H4/H5 = 85 individuals and H5/H5=24 individuals. Using the genotype frequencies derived assuming that the class were a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, calculate the number of H4/H4 individuals that would be expected in the class (rounded numbers). 1. 19 2. 57 3. 72 4. 147 5. 171 6. 120 7. 96 QUESTION 13 1. Through PCR, we have determined the PER3 genotypes for a class of students as follows: H4/H4 = 125 individuals; H4/H5 = 85 individuals and H5/H5=24 individuals. Considering the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium and comparing the observed and the expected number of individuals for the three genotypes, calculate the value of the Chi-square statistic 1. 2.69 2. 0.05 3. 28.67 4. 14.59 5. 0.50 6. 22.31 7. 3.84 QUESTION 14 1. Through PCR, we have determined the PER3 genotypes for a class of students as follows: H4/H4 = 125 individuals; H4/H5 = 85 individuals and H5/H5=24 individuals. Considering the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium, which is the (correct) null hypothesis tested by Chi-square? 1. The whole class represents a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium 2. The whole class represents a population that may not be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium 3. The whole class represents a population that is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium 4. The whole class represents a population that may be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium QUESTION 15 1. Through PCR, we have determined the PER3 genotypes for a class of students as follows: H4/H4 = 125 individuals; H4/H5 = 85 individuals and H5/H5=24 individuals. Considering the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium and calculating the Chi-square statistic, do you reject or fail to reject the null-hypothesis? 1. Comparing the value of Chi-square that I calculated with the critical value of Chi-square for the appropriate degrees of freedom I conclude that P>0.05. Hence, I reject the null hypothesis. 2. Comparing the value of Chi-square that I calculated with the critical value of Chi-square for the appropriate degrees of freedom, I conclude that P>0.05. Hence, I fail to reject the null hypothesis. 3. Comparing the value of Chi-square that I calculated with the critical value of Chi-square for the appropriate degrees of freedom I conclude that P<0.05. Hence, I reject the null hypothesis. 4. Comparing the value of Chi-square that I calculated with the critical value of Chi-square for the appropriate degrees of freedom I conclude that P<0.05. Hence, I fail to reject the null hypothesis.
According to Hardy-Weinberg, when a population is in equilibrium, it will have the same allelic frequencies generation after generation, meaning that they are stable, they are not evolving.
When any evolutive force is acting on the population, this equilibrium breacks, and allelic and genotypic frequencies change through generations, differing from the expected ones.
A) Option 7 is the correct answer ⇒ 0.41
B) Option 6 is the correct answer ⇒ 120
C) Option 7 is the correct answer ⇒ 3.84
D) Option 1 is the correct answer ⇒ The class represents a population that is in H-W equilibrium
E) Option 1 is correct. Comparing the value of Chi-square that I calculated with the critical value of Chi-square for the appropriate degrees of freedom I conclude that P>0.05. Hence, I reject the null hypothesis.
-------------------------------------------
Allelic frequencies in a locus are represented as p and q, referring to the
allelic dominant or recessive forms. The genotypic frequencies after one generation are p² (H0m0zyg0us dominant), 2pq (H3ter0zygous), q² (H0m0zyg0us recessive). Populations in H-W equilibrium will get the same
allelic frequencies generation after generation.
The sum of the allelic frequencies equals 1, this is p + q = 1.
In the same way, the sum of genotypic frequencies equals 1, this is
p² + 2pq + q² = 1
Being
p the dominant allelic frequency,
q the recessive allelic frequency,
p² the h0m0zyg0us dominant genotypic frequency
q² the h0m0zyg0us recessive genotypic frequency
2pq the h3ter0zyg0us genotypic frequency
Situation: Through PCR, we have determined the PER3 genotypes for a class of students as follows:
H4/H4 = 125 individuals;
H4/H5 = 85 individuals;
H5/H5=24 individuals.
⇒ Total number of individuals= 125 + 85 + 24 = 234
⇒ Genotypic frequencies, F(xx):
F(H4/H4) = 125/234 =0.534
F(H4/H5) = 85/234 = 0.363
F(H5/H5) = 24/234 = 0.102
⇒ Allelic frequencies, f(x):
f(H4) = p = F(H4/H4) + 1/2 F(H4/H5) = 0.534 + 0.363/2 = 0.534 + 0.182 = 0.716
f(H5) = q = F(H5/H5) + 1/2 F(H4/H5) = 0.102 + 0.363/2 = 0.102 + 0.182 = 0.284
Questions:
A) According to the theoreticall frame, we know that 2pq is the h3ter0zygous genotypic frequency. So,
F(H4/H5) = 2pq = 2 x 0.716 x 0.284 = 0.408 ≅ 0.41 ⇒ Option 7 is the correct answer.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
B) According to the theoreticall frame, we know that p² is the h0m0zyg0us genotypic frequency. So,
p = 0.716
p² = 0.5126 ≅ 0.513 ⇒ This is the genotypic frequency.
To calculate the number of individuals carrying this genotype, we need to multiply it by the total number of
individuals.
H4/H4 individuals = p² x total number of individuals = 0.513 x 234 = 120
Option 6 is the correct answer.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C) Up to here we know that 2pq = 0.41 and p² = 0.513
Now we need to calculate q ²
q = 0.284, then q² = 0.284² = 0.08
These are the expected frequencies if the population was in H-W equilibrium.
The expected number of individuals with each genotype are:
H4/H4 = 0.513 x 234 = 120 individuals
H4/H5 = 0.41 x 234 = 96 individuals
H5/H5= 0.08 x 234 = 18 individuals
The observed number of individuals with each genotype are:
H4/H4 = 125 individuals
H4/H5 = 85 individuals
H5/H5=24 individuals
X² = ∑ (Observed - Expected)²/Expected)
X² = ((125-120)²/120) + ((85 - 96)²/96) + ((24-18)²/18)
X² = 0.21 + 1.26 + 2 =
X² = 3.47
The clossest option is option 7 = 3.84. The difference might be related to decimals and rounding.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
D) The correct answer is 1 ⇒ The whole class represents a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
The null hypothesis always predict that populations are in H-W equilibrium.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
E)
X² = 3.47
Freedom degrees = n - 1 = 3 - 1 = 2
Table p value: 7.82
Significance level, 5% = 0.05
Table value/Critical value = 5.991
5.991 > 0.347
Meaning that the difference between the observed individuals and the expected individuals is statistically significant. Not probably to have differe by random chances. There is enough evidence to reject the null
hypothesis.
Option 1 is correct. Comparing the value of Chi-square that I calculated with the critical value of Chi-square for the appropriate degrees of freedom I conclude that P>0.05. Hence, I reject the null hypothesis.
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Suggest how whooping cough spreads from person to person
Answer:
People with pertussis usually spread the disease to another person by coughing or sneezing or when spending a lot of time near one another where you share breathing space. Many babies who get pertussis are infected by older siblings, parents, or caregivers who might not even know they have the disease.
Explanation:
Answer:
Explanation:People with pertussis usually spread the disease to another person by coughing or sneezing or when spending a lot of time near one another where you share breathing space. Many babies who get pertussis are infected by older siblings, parents, or caregivers who might not even know they have the disease
A man bought a goldfish in a pet shop. Upon returning home, he put the goldfish in a bowl of recently boiled water that had been cooled quickly. A few minutes later the fish was found dead. Explain what happened to the fish
Answer:
lack of oxygen in the water
Explanation:
The fish most likely died from lack of oxygen in the water. This is because fishes actually use their gills to extract and breathe in the oxygen from the water while also expelling carbon dioxide from their lungs. Similar to how humans breathe. When the water was boiled it caused the dissolved gases to be expelled, which includes oxygen. Therefore, without the necessary oxygen in the water, the fish ultimately suffocated.
Boiling the water reduce its amount of dissolved oxygen which is needed by the fish to breathe, that's why the fish died after few minutes.
What is dissolved oxygen?Dissolved oxygen is the amount of oxygen present in the water.
The organisms live to consume dissolved oxygen to breathe.
The amount of dissolved oxygen is high in the current water like rivers than in the still water like pond.
If the amount of DO is high in the water, it causes bubble gas disease in the aquatic organisms.
If the amount of DO is low in the water than, fishes and other aquatic organism cant survive due to low oxygen level.
Thus, boiling the water reduce its amount of dissolved oxygen which is needed by the fish to breathe, that's why the fish died after few minutes.
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The body regulates the amount of hormones are released by using feedback loops. A __ feedback loop increases the response whereas a __ feedback loop decreases the response.
Positive feedback loop increases the response whereas a negative feedback loop decreases the response.
What is positive feedback?Positive feedback is the amplification of a body's response to a stimulus. For example, in childbirth, when the head of the fetus pushes up against the cervix (1) it stimulates a nerve impulse from the cervix to the brain (2).
A feedback mechanism resulting in the inhibition or the slowing down of a process.
Examples of processes that utilise negative feedback loops include homeostatic systems, such as thermoregulation (if body temperature changes, mechanisms are induced to restore normal levels), blood sugar regulation (insulin lowers blood glucose when levels are high ,glucagon raises blood glucose when levels are low).
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Which of the following is an example of an enzymatic cycle?
Answer:
Catabolism
Explanation:
The process of catabolism degrades the bacterial and fungal enzymes into simple inorganic molecules.
A substance, without being a reactant, which speeds up a chemical process is referred to as a catalyst. Enzymes are known as catalysts for biological reactions in living organisms. Although ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules behave as enzymes, they are usual proteins. Enzymes.
Enzymes carry out the essential role of reducing the activated energy of a reaction — that is, the amount of energy needed to start the process. Enzymes work by attaching and retaining reactant molecules so that the chemical bonding and bonding activities are carried out more easily.
One Reason Why The Temperature needs To Be Kept Constant
Answer:
the latent heat as the heat supplied to increase the temperature of the substance is used up to transform the state of matter of the substance
Explanation:
It is due to the latent heat as the heat supplied to increase the temperature of the substance is used up to transform the state of matter of the substance hence the temperature stays constant. Hence the temperature remains constant as all the heat is used up and no external heat is released or absorbed
What else is produced during the replacement reaction of silver nitrate and potassium sulfate?
2AgNO3 + K2SO4 Ag2SO4 + ________
KNO3
2KNO3
K2
2AgNO3
Answer:
2KNO3
Explanation:
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Answer:
The answer is B.) 2KNO3
Explanation:
