Answer:
1. The slope is negative.
2. 0.81
Explanation:
The slope of the regression line is definitely negative
A linear equation has its regression line as
T = a + bc
The slope of the regression line is known as b.
From the question, b = -0.9
Therefore the slope of the regression line is negative.
B. Coefficient of determination = r²
r =(-0.90)
r² = 0.81
If the rate of inflation is 2.2% per year, the future price pt (in dollars) of a certain item can be modeled by the following exponential function, where t is the number of years from today.
p(t)=1200(1.039^t)
Find the current price of the item and the price 9 years from today.
Answer:
1693.25
Explanation:
The computation of the current price of the item and the price 9 years from today is shown below:-
p(t) = 1,200 × (1.039)^t
Now, the current price can be found by putting t = 0
p(0) is
[tex]1,200\times (1.039)^0 = $1,200[/tex]
The price 10 years from today
p(9) is
[tex]1,200\times (1.039)^9[/tex]
Now we will solve the above equation
= 1,200 × 1.411041958
= 1693.25035
or
= 1693.25
Answer following question with true or false and explain.A firm's profit margin is 5%, its debt/assets ratio is 56%, and its dividend payout ratio is 40%. If the firm is operating at less than full capacity, then sales could increase to some extent without the need for external funds, but if it is operating at full capacity with respect to all assets, including fixed assets, then any positive growth in sales will require some external financing.
Answer:
False
Explanation:
As a company's sales level increases, its current assets will increase, e.g. cash, inventories, accounts receivables increase. generally, also the fixed assets increase, specially if the firm was previous producing at full capacity even before total sales increased. But as sales increase, not only do the company's assets increase, its current liabilities generally increase also, and its profits should increase. In this case, 60% of the company's profits are reinvested in the company, and the liabilities represent more than half of the total assets. Therefore, it is possible that the company needs external financing, but it is also possible that it doesn't. You cannot assume that the company will necessarily need external financing, because retained earnings and the increase in current liabilities might be enough to finance the company's growth in sales.
Investment in human capital is very similar to investing in physical capital. True or false? Explain your answer.
Answer:
True.
Explanation:
This statement is true because investing in human capital and physical capital has the similarity that these assets will lead the organization to carry out its processes, achieve its objectives and goals, and generate liquidity, therefore the similarity is in the importance of capital for the organization.
Human capital can be more difficult to measure, as it is intangible, and physical capital is easier to measure and analyze what the return provides for organizational activities.
However, there are ways to measure how human capital positively impacts the company, so it is necessary to have an effective management that provides the best investment of the ideal human and physical capital for your needs.
A company purchased money market funds with cash during the current year. Which of the following statements is correct?
A. This transaction will result in a decrease in cash from investing activities.B. This transaction will result in a decrease in cash from operating activities.C. This transaction will result in a decrease in cash from financing activities.D. This transaction will not cause a change in cash from operating, investing, or financing activities.
Answer: This transaction will not cause a change in cash from operating, investing, or financing activities.
Explanation:
When a company purchased money market funds with cash during the current year, it should be noted that this will transaction will not cause a change in cash from operating, investing, or financing activities. This is because the purchase was made with cash during the current year.
Shaw and Maya agree to a total contract price of $920,000. How much of the contract price should Maya allocate to the machine, installation, and training, respectively?
Answer: $736,000; $92,000; $92,000
Explanation:
The amount allocated will be proportional based on the cost of each when in a separate contracts.
Total when in separate contracts = 800,000 + 100,000 + 100,000
= $1,000,000
Proportion of Machine = 800,000/1,000,000
= 8/10
Proportion of Installation = 100,000/1,000,000
= 1/10
Proportion of Training = 100,000/1,000,000
= 1/10
Cost to allocate to Machine
= 8/10 * 920,000
= $736,000
Cost to allocate to Installation
= 1/10 * 920,000
= $92,000
Cost to allocate to Training
= 1/10 * 920,000
= $92,000
Answer: $736,000; $92,000; $92,000
A catering company prepared and served 375 meals at an anniversary celebration last week using 3 workers. The week before, 2 workers prepared and served 225 meals at a wedding reception
a1. Calculate the labor productivity for each event. (Round your answers to 1 decimal place.) Anniversary Wedding meals/worker meals/worker
a2. For which event was the labor productivity higher?
Anniversary
Wedding
Answer:
for anniversary = 125
for wedding = 112.5
anniversary
Explanation:
Labour productivity = number of meals / total number of workers
for anniversary = 375 / 3 = 125
for wedding = 225 / 2 = 112.5
labour productivity is higher for the anniversary because one unit of labour produces more meals when compared to the wedding.
Seacrest Company has 15,000 shares of cumulative preferred 2% stock, $50 par and 50,000 shares of $5 par common stock. The following amounts were distributed as dividends:
Year 1 $30,000
Year 2 12,000
Year 3 45,000
Required:
Determine the dividends per share for preferred and common stock for each year.
Answer:
Cumulative Preferred Stock must always pay out Dividends and when they cannot, the amount unpaid will be accrued for payment to another year when it can be paid.
When Dividends are declared, Preference Shareholders are paid first and then common shareholders follow.
Year 1
Preference Shares = Number of shares * Par value * %
= 15,000 * 50 * 2%
= $15,000
Common Shareholders will get the rest;
= 30,000 - 15,000
= $15,000
Year 2.
Preference Shareholders are still due $15,000 however only $12,000 is available. They will take all of it and be owed $3,000.
Preference Shares, Year 2 = $12,000
Common Shareholders get nothing.
Year 3.
Preference Shareholders are owed $15,000 for the year. They are also owed $3,000 from the previous year.
Preference Shares = 15,000 + 3,000
= $18,000
Common Shareholders will get the remainder;
= 45,000 - 18,000
= $27,000
The term crowding-out effect refers to a situation in which a government _______________ results in ______________ interest rates, causing ______________ in private spending on investment and consumer durables.
Answer: Deficit; higher; a decrease
Explanation:
The term crowding-out effect refers to a situation in which a government deficit results in higher interest rates, causing a decrease in private spending on investment and consumer durables.
The Crowding-out effect is what happens when a Government increases its spending past its revenues and gets a budget deficit. In other to balance its books therefore it will borrow heavily.
If the Government is such a large one like the American Government or the British Government, the borrowing might be so large that it will have the effect of reducing the amount of loanable funds in the market thereby increasing the interest rates due to a reduced supply of loanable funds.
As there are now increased interest rates, it will be more expensive for companies to borrow to spend on investment or for consumers to spend on durables. It will have the effect of crowding out the private sector.
The_________for a soft drink manufacturer would include other manufacturers of soft drinks, fruit juices, bottled water, sports drinks, caffeine-free colas, and dairy beverages.
a. competitive environment
b. technological environment
c. cooperative environment
d. economic environment
Answer:
The answer is A
Explanation:
Competitive environment is an environment where competitors compete with one another for customers.
For example, Westpac, NAB, Commonwealth Bank and ANZ are in the same competitive environment. These are banks in Australia.
Types of competition are perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition, oligopoly etc.
A creamery shop sells its special ice cream for $4.50 a quart. It costs them $3.00 a quart to make it. The daily demand for this flavor is normally distributed with a mean of 35 quarts and a standard deviation of 4 quarts. Unsold ice cream is sold each day to a local restaurant at $1.50 per quart. What is the service level and corresponding optimal stocking level?
Answer and Explanation:
The computation of the service level and the corresponding optimal stocking level is shown below:
Given that
Selling price = SP = $4.50
Cost price = CP = $3.00
So,
Salvage value = V = $1.50
Average daily demand (d) = 35 quarts
The standard deviation of daily demand = 4 quarts
based on the above information
Overage cost = (Co) is
= CP - V
= $3.00 - $1.50
= $1.50
Now
Underage cost= (Cu)
= SP - CP
= $4.50 - $3.00
= $1.50
So,
Service level is
= Cu ÷ (Co + Cu)
= 1.50 ÷ (1.50 + 1.50)
= 1.50 ÷ 3.00
= 0.50
= 50%
Now
At 50 % service level, the value of Z is 0
So,
Optimal stocking level is
= d + Z × standard deviation
= 35 + (0 × 4)
= 35 + 0
= 35 quarts
If the distribution of water is a natural monopoly, then:__________.
a. a single firm cannot serve the market at the lowest possible average total cost.
b. allowing for competition among different firms in the water-distribution industry is efficient.
c. average cost increases as the quantity of water produced increases.
d. multiple firms would likely each have to pay large fixed costs to develop their own network of pipes.
Answer:
d. multiple firms would likely each have to pay large fixed costs to develop their own network of pipes.
Explanation:
Option a is wrong because:
The initial investment is very high, therefore, the more firms competing will only increase the required investments and fixed costs associated with them, e.g. depreciation, maintenance. That is why the lowest average costs is generally achieved when only one firm serves this type of market.
Option b is wrong because:
A natural monopoly exists because it is extremely difficult for two or more competing firms to exist. Generally the required investment is very high, and the revenues are not large enough to allow two or more firms to compete.
Option c is wrong because:
Utilities require large initial investments, but once they are set up, the production costs are very small. I.e. the fixed costs are more relevant than the variable costs. Average production costs as decrease as the quantity produced increases.
Carpenter Corporation uses the weighted-average method in its process costing system. This month, the beginning inventory in the first processing department consisted of 2,400 units. The costs and percentage completion of these units in beginning inventory were: 2 points Percent Complete 60% 55% Cost $ 7,000 $10,300 Materials costs Conversion costs 01:53:47 A total of 10,500 units were started and 8.900 units were transferred to the second processing department during the month. The following costs were incurred in the first processing department during the month: eBook Materials costs Conversion costs $ 96,800 $171,000 References The ending inventory was 85% complete with respect to materials and 70% complete with respect to conversion costs.
How many units are in ending work in process inventory in the first processing department at the end of the month?
a. 4,000
b. 1,800
c. 8.100
d. 1,600
Answer:
a. 4,000
Explanation:
Units in ending inventory
= Units in beginning work in process + Units started into production - Units transferred to the next department
= 2,400 + 10,500 - 8,900
= 4,000 units
The Discount on Bonds Payable account is: Multiple Choice A contra equity. A contra expense. A liability. A contra liability. An expense.
Answer:
Is a contra account to bonds payable
Explanation:
A company is considering a new project that will cost $19,000. This project would result in additional annual revenues of $6,000 for the next 5 years. The $19,000 cost is an example of a(n):
Answer:
Incremental cost
Explanation:
The Incremental cost is the cost that is to be incurred for producing an additional unit of product
Here the company considered a new project which cost $19,000 so this is an example of an incremental cost as the additional cost is incurred for producing additional units
Therefore the given situation represents the incremental cost
The following information describes the production activities of Mercer Manufacturing for the year.
Actual direct materials used 28,000 lbs. at $4.90 per lb.
Actual direct labor used 8,650 hours for a total of $174,730
Actual units produced 51,600
The budgeted standards for each unit produced are 0.50 pounds of direct material at $6.85 per pound and 10 minutes of direct labor at $21.20 per hour.
1. Compute the direct materials price and quantity variances. Do not round intermediate calculations.
2. Compute the direct labor rate and efficiency variances. Indicate whether each variance is favorable or unfavorable. Do not round intermediate calculations.
Answer:
Actual Quantity = 28,000
Actual Price = 4.90
Standard Quantity = 25,800
Standard Price = 4.85
1)a. Direct Material Price variance = (Standard price – Actual Price)*Actual Quantity
= (4.85 - 4.90) * 28,000
= $1,400 U
b. Direct Material Quantity variance = (Standard Quantity – Actual Quantity)*Standard price
= (51,600*0.5 - 28,000)*4.85
= $10,670 U
2) a. Direct Labor Rate Variance = (Standard Rate – Actual Rate)*Actual Hours
= (21.20 - 20.2) * 8,650
= $8,650 F
b. Direct Labor Efficiency variance = (Standard Hours – Actual Hours)*Standard rate
= (51,600*1/6 - 8,650) * 21.20
= $1,060 U
Which of the following statements about executing and evaluating the promotion program is most accurate?
a. Although there are five elements in the promotional mix, the only element that reallybenefits from an IMC audit is advertising.
b. Most IMC programs have no difficulty creating a pretest, but posttests are much moredifficult to construct since a number of unknown elements must be measured.
c. To fully benefit from IMC programs, companies must create and maintain a test-resultdatabase that allows comparisons of the relative impact of the promotional tools and theirexecution options in varying situations.
d. The ideal IMC program does not need any evaluation if it is executed according to plan.E. The most effective IMC audits are external. Internal audits tend to skew results to fitexpectations.
Answer: To fully benefit from IMC programs, companies must create and maintain a test-resultdatabase that allows comparisons of the relative impact of the promotional tools and their execution options in varying situations.
Explanation:
Out of the statements about executing and evaluating the promotion program that were given in the question, the option that is most accurate is that to fully benefit from IMC programs, companies must create and maintain a test-result database that allows comparisons of the relative impact of the promotional tools and their execution options in varying situations.
Therefore, option C is the correct answer.
Lawrence Industries' most recent annual dividend was $2.28 per share (D0=$2.28), and the firm's required return is 13%. Find the market value of Lawrence's shares when dividends are expected to grow at 8% annually for 3 years, followed by a 7% constant annual growth rate in years 4 to infinity.
Answer:
Value of stock = $41.75
Explanation:
The price of a stock using the dividend valuation model is the present value of the the future dividend expected from the stock discounted at the required rate of return.
value of dividend from year 1 to 3
Year Present Value
1 2.28× 1.08^1 × 1.13^(1-) = 2.179
2 2.28× 1.08^2 × 1.13^(-2) = 2.083
3. 2.28 × 1.08^3 × 1.13^(-3)= 1.991
Present value of Dividend in Year 4 and beyond
This will be done in two steps
Step 1 :PV in year 3 terms
= Dividend in year 4× (1.06)/(0.1-0.06)
2.28 × 1.08^3 × 1.07/(0.13-0.07)= 51.220
step 2 : PV in year 0 terms =
PV in year 3 × 1.1^(-3)
=51.220 × 1.13^(-3)= 35.498
Value of stock = 2.179 +2.083 +1.991 + 35.498 = 41.75
Value of stock = $41.75
In response to the new employee end-of-shift policy Brianna proposes that Ollie pay its employees on their breaks instead of making them clock out. Brianna is most likely utilize the ________ influence tactic
Answer: exchange
Explanation: Brianna is most likely to use the exchange influence tactic which is given as a tactic that suggests that making express or implied promises and trading favors. This is observed when she proposes that Ollie pay its employees on their breaks instead of making them clock out in response to the new employee end-of-shift policy. The tactics is especially useful for influencing peers and surbodinates.
"One of the ten IG principles is a Continuous improvement. What is the importance of this principle to the organization program"
Answer:
the importance is to provide periodic program review and necessary adjustments against gaps and it short comings
Explanation:
Information governance is a full way of managing information in a corporation by the implementation of a series of processes, controls and roles. It can be simply said to be a process of managing information assets as this will cause a balance between security and usage.
continuous improvement is one of its 10 principles. And it simply means that programs in information governance have to go through continuous reviews and updates as doing such will help to reduce shortcomings.
__________ refers to difficulties in the communication process
that might arise due to some type of interference or distortion that occurs during transmission of a message, resulting in disruption of the communication process.
a.
Feedback
b.
Decoding
c.
Noise
d.
Encoding
e.
Channel
Answer:
c. Noise
Explanation:
-Feedback is the answer given by the receiver.
-Decoding is the process in which the receiver interprets the message.
-Noise is any interference that affects the communication process.
-Encoding is when the sender translates his/her thoughts into a message.
-Channel is the method used to send the message.
According to these definitions, the answer is that noise refers to difficulties in the communication process that might arise due to some type of interference or distortion that occurs during transmission of a message, resulting in disruption of the communication process.
Noise refers to difficulties in the communication process that might arise due to some type of interference or distortion that occurs during transmission of a message, resulting in disruption of the communication process.
Communication noise are simply those things that influences effective communication and that affects the interpretation of conversations.There are different types of noise. They include physical, semantic, psychological, and physiological.
Each of the above types interferes with the process of communication in different ways.
Noise is also regarded as obstruction to the process of coding and decoding information.
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In March, Coronado Company completes Jobs 10 and 11. Job 10 cost $29,900 and Job 11 $40,300. On March 31, Job 10 is sold to the customer for $40,300 in cash. Journalize the entries for the completion of the two jobs and the sale of Job 10. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually.)
Answer:
Mar. 31
Dr Finished Goods Inventory 70,200
Cr Work in Process 70,200
Mar. 31
Dr Cash 40,300
Cr Sales 40,300
Mar. 31
Dr Cost of Goods Sold 29,900
Cr Finish Goods in Inventory 29,900
Explanation:
Preparation of the Journal entries for the completion of the two jobs and the sale of Job 10
1.Based on the information given we were told that Job 10 cost the amount of $29,900 while Job 11 cost the amount of $40,300 , this means that the Journal entry will be:
Mar. 31
Dr Finished Goods Inventory 70,200
Cr Work in Process 70,200
($29,900 + 40,300)
(To record completion of jobs.)
2. Based on the information given we were told that On March 31, Job 10 was sold to the customer for the amount of $40,300 in cash, this means that the Journal entry will be
Mar. 31
Dr Cash 40,300
Cr Sales 40,300
(To record sale of job.)
3. Based on the information given we were told that the sales of Job 10 cost the amount of $29,900, this means that the transaction will be recorded as:
Mar. 31
Dr Cost of Goods Sold 29,900
Cr Finish Goods in Inventory 29,900
(To record cost of job.)
Unlike direct materials, the sum of all the direct labor variances is always equal to the flexible budget variance.
A. True
B. False
Answer:
A. True
Explanation:
Unlike direct materials, the sum of all the direct labor variances is always equal to the flexible budget variance. Also, a negative direct labor efficiency variance is considered favorable one. And for a direct labor, if the efficiency and rate variances are both negative, then the flexible budget variance will be unfavorable. Therefore, the statement of the question is true.
Maurer, Inc., has an odd dividend policy. The company has just paid a dividend of $2 per share and has announced that it will increase the dividend by $6 per share for each of the next five years, and then never pay another dividend. If you require a return of 12 percent on the company’s stock, how much will you pay for a share today
Answer:
The maximum that should be paid for the stock today is $67.22
Explanation:
To calculate the price of the stock today, we will use the discounted cash flow or the DDM approach. The approach bases the value of the stock on the present value of the expected future cash flows from the stock. The cash flows in terms of stock are the dividend payments made by the stock. The formula to calculate the price or present value today under this approach is,
P0 = D1 / (1+r) + D2 / (1+r)^2 + ... + Dn / (1+r)^n
Where,
D1,D2,... are the dividends expected from the stock in year 1, year 2 and so on.r is the required rate of returnP0 = (2+6) / (1+0.12) + (2+6+6) / (1+0.12)^2 + (2+6+6+6) / (1+0.12)^3 +
(2+6+6+6+6) / (1+0.12)^4 + (2+6+6+6+6+6) / (1+0.12)^5
P0 = $67.22
The Marketing Control Statement is a valuable statement for marketers because it only utilizes costs that the marketer can control. True False
Answer: True
Explanation:
The Marketing Control Statement is quite beneficial to marketers as it avoids fixed costs and shows them the variable and programmed costs both of which can be controlled. This enables them to know what they need to and can change in a way that they can come up with an optimal marketing mix to ensure profitability.
It is also a very uncomplicated statement to prepare which further ingratiates it to marketers who would like to avoid all the jargon of income statements.
The given statement is true.
The following information should be considered:
The Marketing Control Statement should be beneficial for marketers as in this the fixed cost are ignored and the variable & other cost should be controlled. Due to this, the profitability should increasedTherefore we can conclude that The given statement is true.
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When a deliverable arrived, Craig met with the team member responsible
for ordering the deliverable to confirm it was the correct model and size.
Which of the following project elements was Craig monitoring in this scenario?
a. Budget
b. Schedule
c. Scope
d. Risk
Answer:
Project Element Craig Monitored in this scenario:
d. Risk
Explanation:
The element of the project that Craig monitored ensures that the deliverable conforms with the correct model and size because there is the risk that this could not conform if a deliverable was not not checked with the team member who ordered the deliverable. Since higher risks of deliverables not conforming to model and size would render the whole project unsuccessful, Craig has to meet with the team member responsible. In order words, the meeting between Craig and the team member for confirmation of correct model and size eliminates the risks of non-conformance.
In the example above when deliverable came and Craig met with the team member for ordering confirming whether the model and size was correct, Craig was monitoring Risk. So the correct option is D.
Risk refers to the possibility chances that the desired or the expected result will be obtained from the activities that are undertaken. Risk is directly related to the reward of such activity.
In the example above where Craig confirms whether the model and size of goods arrived were correct with the help of the team member who ordered such deliverable, risk was being monitored.In this case the risk can be denoted by value of 1 as the chances of getting the correct model and size are equal with chances of getting the incorrect model and size. Risk can be denoted by beta .[tex]\rm Risk = \beta[/tex]
Monitoring of risk is an important aspect so as to ensure whether the activities undertaken for the benefit of the business are standing true to their efforts or not.
Hence, the correct option is D that Craig was monitoring risk by checking the deliverable was correct in terms of model and size with the help of a team member.
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A bond with a par value of $1,000 and an annual coupon has a yield to maturity of 5.60% and a current price of $975. If the bond has 18 years to maturity, what is its current yield?
Answer:
Current Yield is 5.74%
Explanation:
Current yield is the ratio of coupon payment of a bond to its current market price. It is calculated by using coupon payment and the current market value of the bond.
Coupon Payment = $1,000 x 5.6% = $56
Current market price = $975
Formula for Current yield is as follow
Current Yield = Annual Coupon Payment / Current Market Price
Current Yield = $56 / $975
Current Yield = 0.0574% = 5.74%
Ignatius Corporation had 7 million shares of common stock outstanding during the current calendar year. It issued ten thousand $1,000, convertible bonds on January 1. Each bond is convertible into 50 shares of common stock. The bonds were issued at face amount and pay interest semiannually at an annual rate of 10%. On June 30, Ignatius issued 100,000 shares of $100 par 6% cumulative preferred stock. Dividends are declared and paid quarterly. Ignatius has an effective tax rate of 25%. Ignatius would report the following EPS data (rounded) on its net income of $20 million: Basic EPS Diluted EPS a. $ 2.77 $ 2.67 b. $ 2.81 $ 2.73 c. $ 2.85 $ 2.67 d. $ 2.81 $ 2.68
Answer:
Ignatius Corporation
Basic and Diluted EPS are:
c. $ 2.85 $ 2.67
Explanation:
Data and Calculations:
Common stock outstanding = 7 million shares
Issued 10,000, $1,000 convertible bonds = $10,000,000
Convertible bonds = 10,000 bonds = 500,000 shares (10,000 x 50)
Interest payment = semiannual at 10% per annum
6%, 100,000 Cumulative preferred stock at $100 par = $10,000,000
Preferred dividend = $600,000
Net Income of $20 million
Basic EPS = $20,000,000/7,000,000 = $2.857 per share
Diluted EPS = $20,000,000/7,500,000 = $2.67 per share
To obtain the diluted EPS, the outstanding common stock is increased by the number of potential convertible bonds.
A bank that uses a computer system to record deposits and withdrawals from its customers' checking accounts is using a(n):
Answer: transaction processing system
Explanation:
A bank that uses a computer system to record deposits and withdrawals from its customers' checking accounts is using a transaction processing system.
Transaction processing system is when the system is used in the processing of transactions and data is being sent and recorded in the system.
Poulter Corporation will pay a dividend of $4.25 per share next year. The company pledges to increase its dividend by 6.75 percent per year, indefinitely. If you require a return of 10 percent on your investment, how much will you pay for the company’s stock today? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
Answer:
Current price of stock = $130.76(Approx).
Explanation:
Given:
Dividend paid = $4.25
Required return of return = 10%
Growth rate = 6.75%
Find:
Current price of stock = ?
Computation:
Current price of stock = D1 / (Required return of return - Growth rate)
Current price of stock = 4.25 / (0.1 - 0.0675)
Current price of stock = 4.25 / 0.0325
Current price of stock = $130.76(Approx).
g An arbitrage opportunity arises when... Group of answer choices An investment has a high risk-return ratio. disparity between 2 or more prices allow investors to yield a sure profit the risk-free rate generates a positive alpha. a net investment is taken place within a portfolio
Answer:
disparity between 2 or more prices allow investors to yield a sure profit
Explanation:
Arbitrage is defined as the practice where there is simultaneous buying and selling of an asset so as to benefit from a price difference.
Usually the price differences occur in different markets, so the arbitrator acts as a supplier of the goods to market where goods are to be sold.
For example if a company buys fertiliser from a whole seller and immediately sells the goods to a farmer's cooperative at higher price this is arbitrage.
So abitrage opportunity is when disparity between 2 or more prices allow investors to yield a sure profit
