Explanation:
Hardy-Weinberg principle can be illustrated mathematically with the equation: p2+2pq+q2 = 1, where 'p' and 'q' represent the frequencies of alleles. ... The principle behind it is that, in a population where certain conditions are met (see below), the frequency of the alleles in the gene pool will be constant.
Describe the normal process of osteogenesis for compact and spongy bone using the three different types of bone cells and their functions
Answer:
Osteoblasts penetrate the disintegrating cartilage and replace it with spongy bone. This forms a primary ossification center. Ossification continues from this center toward the ends of the bones. After spongy bone is formed in the diaphysis, osteoclasts break down the newly formed bone to open up the medullary cavity.
the flowers of the ____ bloom with sunrise and close with sunset.
Why do all proteins given a negative charge prior to electrophoresis?
Answer:
The principle for native gels when Coomassie is not added to the sample is that proteins are separated by a combination of size and charge. The charge in general depends on the number of amino acid residues that bear a positive or negative charge at the pH of the gel. So if running the gel at pH from 8.3 / 8.9, Asp and Glu will be negatively charged, Lys and Arg and His will be protonated and have a positive charge. The N- terminus would have a positive charge while the C terminus would have a negative charge. There might be exceptions depending upon the micro environment of each residue. Native gels can be run at acidic pH as well, to give another way of resolving proteins. Smaller proteins migrate faster than larger proteins. Also, quaternary structure is preserved, so a dimer will run as a dimer so the percentage of total acrylamide monomer used is usually lower than what is used for SDS-PAGE, e.g. 7.5% acrylamide
Dark skin ( a result of increased melanin production in equatorial populations), is likely a response to ultraviolet radiation because UV radiation causes:
Answer: Skin cancer
Explanation:
Melanin is a pigment derived from an amino called acid tyrosine. The most common form of melanin is called eumelanin, which is a polymer of dihydroxyindole carboxylic acids and their reduced forms. When a person is exposed to the ultraviolet light (UV) from the sun, the melanocytes will produce eumelanin to prevent the skin from burning and damage to the cell nuclei (where DNA is found) of the epidermis. This melanin production causes the skin to darken. The eumelanin in the skin then acts as a natural sunscreen by blocking the damaging effects of sunlight. So, skin darkens when exposed UV light, thus providing greater protection when needed by producing more eumelanin, but it also becomes more likely to develop melanoma, which is a type of skin cancer. This is because UV rays damage the DNA of skin cells. The DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material that has the instructios to the growth and functioning of an organisms). Skin cancers begin when eumelanin protection is not sufficient and this damage affects the DNA of the genes that control the growth of skin cells. This results in a tumor, which is the uncontrolled growth of cells (in this case, skin cells) because there will be a mutation in DNA that affects the function of the cells.
What is your opinion about climate change ?
When body temperature increases, thermoreceptors are stimulated and send nerve signals to the CNS. The CNS sends motor signals to sweat glands, which attempt to reduce body temperature. This is an example of a __________ reflex.a. organ.b. stretch.c. withdrawal.d. visceral.
Answer:
d. visceral.
Explanation:
The visceral reflex is one that happens autonomously in the body, aiming to maintain the balance of the body through quick responses to some specific impulses. An example of a visceral reflex is the reduction in body temperature with the release of sweat from the sweat glands.
The visceral reflexes are controlled by the autonomic nervous system, using the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.
What are three techniques that can be used to show that the electron transport chain is found on the matrix side of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Select all that apply.
Answer:
Explanation:
Step 1: Generating a Proton Motive Force
The hydrogen carriers (NADH and FADH2) are oxidised and release high energy electrons and protons
The electrons are transferred to the electron transport chain, which consists of several transmembrane carrier proteins
As electrons pass through the chain, they lose energy – which is used by the chain to pump protons (H+ ions) from the matrix
The accumulation of H+ ions within the intermembrane space creates an electrochemical gradient (or a proton motive force)
Step Two: ATP Synthesis via Chemiosmosis
The proton motive force will cause H+ ions to move down their electrochemical gradient and diffuse back into matrix
This diffusion of protons is called chemiosmosis and is facilitated by the transmembrane enzyme ATP synthase
As the H+ ions move through ATP synthase they trigger the molecular rotation of the enzyme, synthesising ATP
Step Three: Reduction of Oxygen
In order for the electron transport chain to continue functioning, the de-energised electrons must be removed
Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor, removing the de-energised electrons to prevent the chain from becoming blocked
Oxygen also binds with free protons in the matrix to form water – removing matrix protons maintains the hydrogen gradient
In the absence of oxygen, hydrogen carriers cannot transfer energised electrons to the chain and ATP production is halted
Which best explains why sawdust burns more quickly than a block of wood of equal mass under the same conditions?
The molecules move more quickly in the sawdust than in the block of wood.
The pressure of oxygen is greater on the sawdust.
More molecules in the sawdust can collide with oxygen molecules.
Oxygen is more concentrated near the sawdust than the block of wood.
Which best explains why, under the same circumstances, sawdust burns more fast than a wood block of equivalent mass The molecules in the sawdust move more swiftly than those in the
A thermal burn is what?
An injury to the skin or other organic tissue known as a burn is one that is primarily brought on by heat, radiation, radioactivity, electricity, friction, or contact with chemicals. When hot liquids, heated solids, or flames come in touch with the skin and other tissues, part or all of the skin's cells are destroyed (flame burns)
What various sorts of Burns are there?
This tiny burn merely penetrates the skin's surface layer (epidermis). It might hurt and make you red. second-degree burn Both the epithelium and the next layer of skin are affected by this kind of burn (dermis). It could result in skin that is swollen, red, white, or patchy. The pain may become intense and blisters may form. Scarring may result from second-degree burns that are deep.
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Answer:
C.More molecules in the sawdust can collide with oxygen molecules.
Explanation:
real
Why do you think so many people seem to not care about the environmental issues we are facing?
Answer:
People are not aware of their causes and impacts.
Explanation:
First, people just seem to think that a little bit of harm won't impact the world at all, but that little bit for everyone adds up and the magnitude is a lot worse than people would imagine. Next, even if they/we do know the scale, they don't know how to help or are not interested enough to try and fix the problem. We all think that we won't be able to help enough to fix the issue.
Explain why it is not advisable for two sickle cell carriers to marry.
Answer:
it results in pleiotropic effect and caused death of an offspring.
Which is true if energy in ecosystem
Explanation:
energy flows in only one direction through an ecosystem.
The energy source for active transport is ________ , while the force driving facilitated diffusion is ________.
Answer:
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Explanation:
Which of the following is the best definition of anaerobic respiration?
Answer:
C.
Explanation:
Anaerobic respiration is a process of cellular respiration. In this type of cellular process of respiration, oxygen is not needed to break down complex food substances such as glucose. Energy is generated in the process which is used for other cell functions.
Therefore, the answer is C.
