The diagram shows changes of state between solid, liquid, and gas. The atoms of a substance gain energy during a change of state. Before the change, the atoms are close together and cannot slide past one another. After the change, the substance can fill its container.

A diagram has a triangle at center with gas on top, liquid on bottom right, solid on bottom left. An arrow from gas to liquid is labeled O, and an arrow from liquid to gas is labeled N. An arrow from solid to liquid is labeled P, and an arrow from liquid to solid is labeled Q. An arrow from solid to gas is labeled L, and an arrow from gas to solid is labeled M.
Which arrow represents the change of state described above?

Speed =frequency × wavelength

           =466 x 6.20 x [tex]10^{14}[/tex]

           =2.8892 x [tex]10^{17}[/tex] m/s

What is the speed of light?

The rate at which light waves go through various materials at the speed of light. Specifically, the speed of light in a vacuum is presently calculated to be 299,792,458 metres per second.

One of nature's basic constants is the speed of light. Its importance extends far beyond its use in characterizing an aspect of electromagnetic waves. It acts as the universe's only limiting velocity, setting an upper limit on both the speed of all material particles and the speed at which signals can travel. The speed of light (c) acts as a constant of proportionality in the well-known relativity equation, E  = mc2, connecting the heretofore dissimilar ideas of mass (m) and energy (E).

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To determine the number of grams of element "f" needed to react with 2.30 grams of element "k", you can use the mass ratio provided in the problem. First, let's call the mass of "f" that is needed x. The mass ratio tells us that the mass of "f" is 2.06 times the mass of "k", so we can set up the following equation:

2.06 * x = 2.30

To solve for x, we can divide both sides of the equation by 2.06:

x = 2.30 / 2.06

This simplifies to:

x = 1.12 grams

Therefore, 1.12 grams of element "f" are needed to react with 2.30 grams of element "k".

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Mg3 (Si,03),(OH),  is the chemical formula for talc: an analytical chemist has determined by measurements that there are  90.4 moles of magnesium and 2.43 moles of oxygen in a sample of talc.

Talcum powder is formed from talc. Talc is a mineral created up primarily of metallic element, silicon, and oxygen. As a powder, it absorbs wet well and helps weigh down on friction, creating it helpful for keeping skin dry and serving to forestall rashes.This mineral is employed as a thickening agent and stuff. It's an ingredient in ceramics, paints, and building material.

Talc is a hydrous magnesium sheet salt with the statement Mg3Si4O10(OH)2. The elementary sheet consists of a layer of magnesium-oxygen/hydroxyl octahedra, sandwiched between 2 layers of siliconoxygen tetrahedra.

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Answer:

100x less acidic

Explanation:

pOH is the inverse of pH, which is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution. The lower the pH of a solution, the more acidic it is, and the higher the pOH, the less acidic it is.

To determine how many times more acidic a solution with a pOH of 12 is compared to a solution with a pOH of 10, we can use the formula:

pH1 / pH2 = 10^(pOH1 - pOH2)

In this case, we are given that the pOH of the first solution is 12 and the pOH of the second solution is 10. We can plug these values into the formula to calculate the ratio of acidity:

pH1 / pH2 = 10^(12 - 10)

= 10^2

= 100

Therefore, a solution with a pOH of 12 is 100 times less acidic than a solution with a pOH of 10.

Answer:

thermometers

Explanation:

Answer: thermometer

Explanation: trust me ;)

Answer:

5

Explanation:

fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At).

43.312 mL of 2.50M HCl is required to react with zinc single displacement reaction occurs.

Hydrogen gas and zinc chloride are produced quickly by the reaction of zinc with hydrochloric acid. In a single displacement reaction, zinc metal displaces hydrogen to produce zinc chloride and hydrogen gas. Because the reaction is exothermic, a significant amount of heat is produced.

The reaction goes in following order

[tex]Zn(s)+2HCl(aq)\rightarrow ZnCl_{2}(aq)+H_{2} (g)[/tex]

Percentage of Zn = (mass of Zn/mass of Ore) x 100

Mass of Zn = [tex]\frac{44 \times 8.05}{100}[/tex] = 3.54g

n Zn= [tex]\frac{3.54g}{65.38g}[/tex] per mole = 0.054144

n [tex]HCl[/tex] = 2 x 0.054144 = 0.10828

M= [tex]\frac{n}{V}\times1000[/tex]

V=[tex]\frac{n}{M}\times1000[/tex]

[tex]\frac{0.10828}{2.50}\times1000[/tex] = 43.312 mL

So 43.312 mL of 2.50M HCl is required to react with zinc.

The reaction goes in following order

[tex]Zn(s)+2HCl(aq)\rightarrow ZnCl_{2}(aq)+H_{2} (g)[/tex]

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Answer:

F

Explanation:

No, we would not expect to find calcium metal used in conducting wire or structural materials. In its pure metallic form, calcium is unstable and unfit for any structural use.

Why aren't calcium-based electrical lines used?

High temperatures cause calcium to burn in the air, creating nitride and oxide. When it combines with water, hydrogen is produced. Therefore, on Earth, it cannot serve as an electrical conductor.

Is calcium an electrical conductor?

Because metals contain moving electrons, they are effective conductors of electricity. Calcium is a metal. Iodine is a non-metal, and since non-metallic elements lack mobile electrons, they are typically poor conductors or non-conductors of electricity. Consequently, solid iodine does not conduct electricity while solid calcium does. The steel cladding of the silicon-calcium alloy cored wire is covered in silicon calcium powder.

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Ella is intrigued by the idea of fusing elements to create new materials. Before she mixes the ingredients to make a particular materials, she must understand the physical and chemical qualities of the constituent parts and how they interact.

Sanding just altered the surface's texture; the wood itself did not convert into a new substance. Even though a piece of metal may glow after being burnt in a fire, the metal remains the same substance both during and after cooling. The production, characterization, and use of materials with intriguing or potentially beneficial physical or chemical properties include the use of chemistry, according to the emerging and highly multidisciplinary field of study known as materials chemistry.Materials chemistry includes solid-state chemistry, nanoscience, and polymer chemistry since it encompasses inorganic, organic, polymeric, and hybrid materials. The creation of new technologies and the growth of the world economy both depend on materials chemistry. Looking back, we can see that synthetic materials have significantly raised global living standards and quality of life.

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When compared to a hypothetical ferromagnetic metal with a single simple cubic crystal structure, this substance possesses 1.14 bohr magnetons per atom.

Given that the cubic crystal  atomic radius (r) is 0.130 nm

crystal structure's saturation flux density is equal to 0.75 tesla.

We are aware that n = M/N = B/0N.

n = BVc/0N, where BVc is the bohr magneton and Vc is the volume of the crystal.

N = 0.75x(2x0.130x10-9)3)/n = B(2r)3/0 (1.25x10-26x9.27x10-24)

n = 13.18x10-30/11.5x10-50 = 1.14x10^20

Therefore, this cubic crystal substance has 1.14 bohr magnetons per atom.

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Ascorbic acid can be defined as an electron donor and therefore it functions as a cofactor for diverse chemical reactions.

A cofactor of diverse chemical reactions can be defined as a non protein compound that is required for the enzyme, i.e., by the protein, in order ti can function normally such as occurs with ascorbic acid for many diverse chemical reactions that involve metabolic pathways in mammalian cells.

The cofactors are molecules that provide the required for the enzyme to function such as an electron donor required to the forming of the enzyme-substrate complex during anabolic pathways.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that a cofactor of diverse chemical reactions is able to provide the enzymes the help in order to carry out chemical reactions such as the conversion of one substrate to a product.

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Choose every kind of secondary bonding that these two molecules have. 2 metallic hydrogen bonding dipoles that are both momentarily induced.

There are three different forms of interactions between molecules that result in these attractive forces: Dipole interactions, hydrogen bonding interactions, and molecule-molecule interactions are the order in which they occur (London dispersion forces). Polar molecular bonding produces hydrogen bonds, the strongest type of secondary bonding. Choose every kind of secondary bonding that these two molecules have. 2 metallic hydrogen bonding dipoles that are both momentarily induced. These can develop in water or hydrogen fluorides, for instance. When the electrons in two nearby atoms hold positions that cause the atoms to temporarily form dipoles, the consequence is the London dispersion force, a transient attractive force. Unlike main bonds, secondary bonds have substantially lower bonding energies.

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The amount of energy required to increase the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius is known as a "calorie," which is a unit of energy.

For example, a 170 calorie can of beer actually contains 170,000 calories of digestible energy,

so if a student foolishly decides to binge drink 21 beers, the equivalent amount of digestible energy in the beer is 21x17000.

= 3570kcal

Nutrition labels on food products typically tell you how many calories of digestible energy are in one serving, where "digestible" means that the energy stored in the chemical bonds of the molecules comprising the food can be extracted by your body.

Another heat measurement unit used in the US is the British thermal unit, or Btu. The amount of heat needed to increase 1 lb of water's temperature by 1°F is equal to 1 Btu.

As a result, the energy in BTUs E(BTU) is equivalent to 0.00029307107017 times the energy in kilowatt-hours E(kWh):

E(kWh) = 0.00029307107017 × E(BTU)

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There are 2.1 atoms of mercury.

Calculation:

Convert 0.0000355 mol of Hg to the '# of atoms of Hg' using Avagadro's number.

Avagadro's constant = 6.022 * 1023 atoms/ mole.

Hence 'number of atoms of Hg' in the given drop of mercury is

= 0.0000355 mol of Hg * 6.022 10²³ atoms of Hg 1 mole Hg

= 2.14* 1019 atoms of Hg.

In question, we are given 1.0 mm in 2 significant figures, so our final answer must also be in 2 significant figures.

Hence the number of atoms of Hg in a given drop of mercury is 2.1x10¹⁹ atoms Plugin 2.1.

Mercury is the smallest planet in the solar system and the closest to the sun. Its orbit around the Sun lasts 87.97 Earth days, making it the shortest of any planet in the solar system.

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The IUPAC name of the given compound is option A)  4-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature of organic chemistry is a system for naming organic chemical compounds in chemical nomenclature (IUPAC). It appears in the Blue Book, also known as the Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry. Every potential organic molecule should ideally have a name that can be used to generate a clear structural formula. Inorganic chemistry has its own IUPAC terminology as well.

Except when it is required to provide a compound an unambiguous and absolute definition, the official IUPAC naming rules are not usually followed in practice because it is preferable to avoid verbose and tiresome names in everyday communication. Sometimes, IUPAC names are shorter than earlier terms, for as when ethanol is used in place of ethyl alcohol.

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Sigma bonds are known to have cylindrical charge symmetry around the axis of the bond. No symmetry exists in pi bonds. Atoms with sigma bonds are less reactive. Atoms with pi bonds are highly reactive when compared to those with only sigma bonds.

The reagents below will oxidize a secondary alcohol to a ketone are k₂Cr₂O₇, H₂SO₄ / H₂O.

The reagents that used in the oxidation of the secondary alcohol to a ketone is given as : k₂Cr₂O₇, H₂SO₄ / H₂O. the one of the example of the oxidation of the secondary alcohol to the ketone is given as follows :

  OH                                                  O

     |                    Cr₂O₇²⁻                    ||

R - CH - R            ---------->            R - C - R

Secondary                                      ketone

alcohol

The further oxidation does not place because of the absence of the reactive C - H that found in the aldehyde. the tertiary alcohol will not under go oxidation.

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Among the elements in the periodic table, tungsten metal is expected to have the highest melting point.

Tungsten, having atomic number 74 belongs to the 6th group and 6th period of the periodic table.

It is the metal with the highest melting point i.e 3422°C . For this reason, tungsten is used as a metallic component in the filaments of electric bulbs and in cathode ray tubes.

Tungsten is considered a refractory metal due to its heat-hesistance nature. on the other hand, alkali metals such as Li,Na,K  have low melting points because of their large size of atoms and due to which the binding energies of the atoms in the crystal lattice is comparatively low, resulting in low melting point.

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The number of chromium atoms present in 78.82 g of potassium dichromate are 2.98×[tex]10^{23}[/tex]

Molecular mass is the molar mass, or M, is a physical characteristic in chemistry that is defined as the mass of a particular substance divided by the quantity of that material. For molar mass, the fundamental SI unit is kg/mol. One mole is a collection of 6.022 ×10²³ particles, be the atoms, molecules, ions , electrons, photons or any other things. This value of 6.022 ×10²³ is the Avogadro's number.

1 mole [tex]K_{2}Cr_{2}O_{7}[/tex] = 294.18 g    [tex]K_{2}Cr_{2}O_{7}[/tex] contains 2 moles Cr = 2×6.023 × [tex]10^{23}[/tex]Cr atoms.

So, 72.8g [tex]K_{2}Cr_{2}O_{7}[/tex] contains (72.84/294.18)×2×6.023×[tex]10^{23}[/tex] Cr atoms

= 2.98 × [tex]10^{23}[/tex]

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Chemical analysis shows that the oxygen-carrying protein hemoglobin is 0.34 percent Fe by mass. the actual molar mass of hemoglobin is about 65000g. There are Fe atoms in one molecule of hemoglobin

Hemoglobin efficiently transports oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues. Additionally, it helps in the return of carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions to the lungs. For the creation of blood, iron is crucial. Red blood cells and muscle cells contain about 70% of the iron in our bodies. Given the information, we may conclude that:

Mass of Fe in hemoglobin = 0.34% of molar mass of hemoglobin

Mass of Fe in hemoglobin = 0.34% of 65000

                    = (0.34 x 65000) / 100

                    = 221 g/mol

We now understand that the molecular weight of iron (Fe) is 55.85 g/mol.

Therefore, the quantity of iron in hemoglobin divided by the molecular mass of iron gives the amount of iron in 1 mole of hemoglobin.

                                  = 221/55.85

                                  = 3.957, which is approximately equal to ‘4’

In line with this, 1 molecule of hemoglobin has 4 Fe atoms in it.

The right response is hence "4".

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The Concentration of a Fluoride ion is [tex]0.0667 M[/tex]

The Hf and Fluoride ion makes a buffer system which can be written as :

[tex]HF\Longleftrightarrow H^{+} +F^{-}[/tex]

[tex]K_{a} =[H^{+}][/tex] X [tex]\frac{[F^{-} ]}{[HF]}[/tex]

both the buffer components are in the same final volume so we can simplify the equation as :

[tex]K_{a}=[H]^{+} \times \frac{[n_{F^{-} }] }{[HF]}[/tex]

before the reaction :

hcl will react with fluoride to produce more hf:

after reaction:

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answer: strontium is more reactive

steps:

strontium is heavier &

strontium is bigger, so

strontium would lose its 2 outer electrons more easily than calcium

strontium is more reactive

reactive means how easily an atom loses or gains electrons

in the periodic table :

rows are called periods

columns are called groups

strontium & calcium are both in the same column

strontium & calcium are both in group 2

strontium is chemically similar to calcium

group 2 elements can lose two electrons

group 2 metals tend to have a +2 charge

group 2 is called alkaline earth metals

factoid : radioactive strontium has been found in many bones from nuclear testing in the 1950s

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Answer: The answer is true

Explanation:

The number of bohr magnetons per atom for this material is 1.14 when some hypothetical metal that exhibits ferromagnetic behavior and that has 1 simple cubic crystal structure.

Given atomic radius of crystal structure (r) = 0.130nm

saturation flux density of crystal structure = 0.75tesla

We know that n = M/µN = B/µ0µN

n = BVc/µ0µN where Vc is the volume of crystal and B is bohr magneton

n = B(2r)^3/µ0µN = 0.75x(2x0.130x10-9)^3)/(1.25x10-26x9.27x10-24)

n = 13.18x10-30/11.5x10-50 = 1.14x10^20

Hence the number of bohr magnetons per atom for this material is 1.14 .

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Scientists improved Mendeleev’s early periodic table by using atomic number instead of atomic mass to organize the elements. Option C

We know that the periodic table is the arrangement of the elements by the use of a definite sequence. The order of the arrangement of the elements would be determined in a given manner.

In the Mendeleev’s periodic table, the arrangement of the elements was on the basis of the masses of the elements. This method did not produce a consistent pattern for all the elements.

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Answer:using atomic number instead of atomic mass to organize the elements

Mass percent of Sodium Chloride solution prepared by mixing is 21.875%.

A mixture is a chemical substance comprised of two or more unrelated chemical components. A mixture is a physical combination of two or more distinct substances that can take the form of solutions, suspensions, or colloids. Solutions of salt and water are an example of a homogeneous mixture, whereas sand and water and oil and water are instances of heterogeneous mixtures.

Density of Water = 1g/mL

So, 125 mL of water weighs 125g

Mass of [tex]NaCl[/tex] = 35.0g

Total mass of solution = 125g+35g = 160g

Mass % of [tex]NaCl[/tex] =(Mass of [tex]NaCl[/tex] / Total Mass ) × 100

                         = (35/160) × 100

                          = 21.875%

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Answer:

4.98 x 10^-18 mole

Explanation:

1 mole has 6.022 x 10^23 particles

so 3,000,000/(6.022 x 10^23) = 4.98 x 10^-18 mole

The type of hybridization for the central atom in each compound is as follows ; Initially we can determine the precise hybridization of each of the mentioned atoms by examining the structures of each molecule.

When we look at ClNO, we can see that the nitrogen atom is linked to chlorine by a single bond while also maintaining a lone pair on oxygen by double bonds. The nitrogen is therefore in a sp2 hybridized form.

As is expected for ClOCl, the molecule has two lone pairs on the oxygen atom and an sp3 hybridized oxygen atom connected to two chlorine atoms.

The carbon atom in NCOH is sp2 hybridized because it is doubly linked to oxygen.

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The energy of one quantum of orange light, given that it has a frequency of 4.8×10¹⁴ s⁻¹ is 3.18×10⁻¹⁹ J

We know that energy and frequency are related according to the following equation:

Energy (E) = Planck's constant (h) × frequency (f)

E = hf

Using the above formula, we can obtain the energy of one quantum of the orange light. Details below:

Energy (E) = Planck's constant (h) × frequency (f)

E = hf

E = 6.626×10⁻³⁴ × 4.8×10¹⁴

E = 3.18×10⁻¹⁹ J

Thus, the energy is 3.18×10⁻¹⁹ J

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