Answer:
means that a consumer will spend her entire income. means that the consumer can compare any two market baskets of goods and determine that either one is preferred to the other or that she is indifferent between them
Explanation:
In the case when the presumption is to be considered as completed means that the consumer would able to spend her overall income. That means the consumer could compared any kind of two markets for the goods and measures which one is to be preferred over the other or it is indifference between them
So as per the given situation, the first option is correct
n a bicycle race with a $5,000 prize for the winner, a cyclist was leading by a significant margin. A spectator at the race was married to the second place rider. Sensing that her husband would not win unless she took action, the spectator drove to a point two miles ahead on the course, scattered several nails in the middle of the course, and then left the area. Soon thereafter, the cyclist approached the area and noticed the nails. He attempted to swerve around the obstruction but a nail punctured his tire. He fell off his bike, suffered significant physical injuries, and was unable to complete the race. If the cyclist sues the spectator, under what theory is the cyclist least likely to recover maximum punitive damages
Answer: intentional infliction of emotional distress.
Explanation:
In order for an individual to be able to make a claim of intentional infliction of emotional distress, it is required that the plaintiff must prove that the defendant intentionally acted recklessly or caused emotional distress to the person. In this case, there no evidence that an emotional distress was suffered.
Therefore, the theory that the cyclist is least likely to recover maximum punitive damages is intentional infliction of emotional distress.
Thomas and stephani are married with four qualifying children. Their earned income is 28500. Calculate the eic using the eic formula
Answer:
$6,557.
Explanation:
Following the eic formula, The eic of Thomas and Stephani filling as jointly married with over 3 children and an income < $55952 is = $6,557.
using the eic formula
= $6557
describe your management experience , including a time you effectively resolved a difficult situation from a management capacity
Answer:
I managed workers of seven in the associate degree info Services department whose responsibilities enclosed delivering specifications and software package to internal purchasers. My role was that of PM or Project Manager, and my responsibilities enclosed one. guaranteeing every staffer was alert to their specific duties, 2. maintained the relevant timelines and ensured every team-member's deliverables arrived on time, 3. arranged, coordinated, and crystal rectifier conferences to debate current and approaching come, and 4. maintained knowledgeable and cozy social atmosphere for my workers.
One of the tougher problems I Janus-faced was after we employed a very bright developer whose my leader had W2'd in from the Asian nation. though he was very precocious in development of the cultural variations between his land and our mostly-female dev team quickly became telling. Sensing the growing hostility in my work cluster, and distinctive the problem, I quietly organized for the W2 worker to attend a cultural sensitivity coaching seminar (couching it as a necessary attend for all employees), and taking aside the pained parties and asking in a well-mannered way to figure with Maine on desegregation him. In the end, he came to a lot of embarrassed, apologized, and our team ran like mechanism thenceforth
A CPA sole practitioner purchased stock in a client corporation and placed it in a trust as an educational fund for the CPA's minor child. The trust securities were not material to the CPA but were material to the child's personal net worth. Would the independence of the CPA be considered to be impaired with respect to the client? Group of answer choices No, because the CPA does not have a material indirect financial interest in the client. Yes, because the stock is a direct financial interest. No, because the CPA does not have a direct financial interest in the client. Yes, because the stock is an indirect financial interest that is material to the CPA's child.
Answer:
Yes, because the stock is a direct financial interest.
Explanation:
The principals of the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct contains the responsibilities which are to exercise sensitive professional and moral judgment, in terms of the Public Interest to always honor the public trust and perform responsibilities with the highest sense of integrity.
The 3 Parts of the AICPA code of conduct. This includes:
(1) Members in public practice
(2) Members in business
(3) Other members
In accounting, code of conduct is important as it makes individuals to accept a high degree of responsibility toward the public.
Thd independence of a covered member is impaired when:
A. The covered member has a direct financial interest in a client
B. The covered member has a material indirect financial interest in the client
Direct Financial Interest
This is simply known as the ownership interests that is directly held in a client. An example is stock ownership, even if owned in a blind trust etc.
The Texas Department of Education has offices throughout the state covering more than 268,000 square miles. State
documents are stored on a large server in a central location, so that employees can access the data they need
regardless of their physical location. The type of network used by the organization is most likely a
LAN
MAN
WAN
Answer:
Wide area network (WAN)
Explanation:
A local area network (LAN) refers to a group of personal computers (PCs) or terminals that are located within the same general area and connected by a common network cable (communication circuit), so that they can exchange information from one node of the network to another. A local area network (LAN) is typically used in small or limited areas such as a set of rooms, a single building, school, hospital, or a set of well-connected buildings. Some of the network devices or equipments used in a local area network (LAN) includes an access point, personal computers, a switch, a router, printer, etc.
On the other hand, a metropolitan area network (MAN) is formed by an aggregation of multiple local area network (LAN) that are interconnected using backbone provided by an internet service provider (ISP). A metropolitan area network (MAN) spans for about 5 kilometers to 50 kilometers in size.
Basically, a metropolitan area network (MAN) spans across a geographic area such as a city and it's larger than a local area network (LAN) but significantly smaller than a wide area network (WAN).
Wide area network (WAN) can be defined as a telecommunication network that covers a wide range of geographical locations such as countries or regions across the world for the purpose of communication and sharing information and data between different users.
Hence, a network that has locations in different countries is considered a wide area network (WAN).
Generally, wide area network (WAN) makes it possible for various organizations to interconnect with their branch offices, headquarters and other multiple locations across the globe. Wide area network (WAN) usually span over a distance of 50 kilometers.
Hence, the type of network used by the organization is most likely a Wide area network (WAN).
Do you think that interest and capacity play a great role to get success in a profession?Give your opinion.
Answer:
For many people, interest is a driving factor for motivation and happiness in their life. Interest is one of the important parts while choosing a career. When we love what we are doing, we will always put our best performance forward and strive to learn more. Consequently, that will enhance our self-confidence as well.
Explanation:
It is important to know yourself and your capacities. Your strengths are things you can leverage on, things you can use to push yourself further. On the other hand, your weaknesses are not your downfall. So,interest and capacity is important in our career.
Yes, I think interest and capacity play a great role to get success in a profession.
What is interest?An interest is a desire or want to do/hear something or someone. interest can be stated as an emotion that a person possess regarding something. a person is said to be interested if that particular thing excites or gives a joyful feeling to person while doing that particular act. interest is very essential in a profession to be successful because if a person is not interested in particular subject and profession how can that person provide best services out of that profession.
What is capacity?Capacity is an ability of a person to perform a particular job or to do a particular task. capacity here refers to the thinking capacity or mental capability that is required in a profession. this is another ingredient that is very important to be successful in any profession.
for example you cannot ask a 5 year old to be judge in a court because that person doesn't possess such professional skill along with it he is not capable to think and provide service for same profession.
What is profession?A profession is a field of work that requires special knowledge and training over a period of time. a person doing profession is known as professionals. the profession is basically a way of knowing and learning skills and education for a particular subjects such as law, medical. the practitioners of professions are said to be expert of such profession.
Hence, to get successful in a profession, interest and capacity is very important and essential as interest creates curiosity and eagerness to learn that particular profession in every manner and explore every aspect of that profession to provide best service out of it along with it the capacity to grasp and learn such skills to be expert in such profession is also required.
Therefore, a successful professional is one that have interest in that particular field and also capable to learn and evolve in that particular profession according to need and requirement.
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An organization has experienced significant turnover among its creative writers. During exit interviews, the writers have expressed dissatisfaction with rigid starting times, a lack of recognition for their work, and poor communication between managers and employees. How should the organization incorporate the social well-being aspect in its action plan to address the issue?
Answer:
Establish a work/life program that allows flexibility.
Explanation:
In the case when there is the exit interviews so the writer would shows the dissatisfaction also there is less recognition towards the work and the poor communication between the managers and employees
So the organization should incorporate the social well being in a way where it created the work or life program that permits the flexibility
So as per the given situation, the above statement should be the answer
Why is the market demand curve for public goods calculated as a vertical summation of individual demand curves?
A. because public goods require vertical summation to account for the higher level of fairness compared to private goods.
B. because public goods are finite in availability of consumption, so the vertical summation accounts for the limit.
C. because the public good is non-rival, so you and others can consume every unit of the good at the same time.
D. because public goods are the opposite of private goods, therefore the summing must be done similar to club goods.
Answer:
c
Explanation:
A public good is a good that is non excludable and non rivalrous. Everyone has assess to the statue and because one person is enjoying the view of the statue does not means another person cannot enjoy the view of the statue. The demand curve for public goods is summed vertically because all individuals can consume every unit of the good at the same time.
A private good is a good that is excludable and rivalrous. They are usually exchanged in the market by private sector businesses. It is only you who purchased the ferrari and those you allow that can use the ferarri.
Which school faculty member should you talk to about enrolling in an AP
course?
Answer: The guidance counselor
Explanation:
Social worker is someone who helps people cope with the challenges tahtnthwy face in their lives. Social workers work with people who have addiction issues, people with disabilities, children etc.
A paraprofessional refers to someone who's specially trained to support students in school. Such oeeosn can be a teaching assistant, special education paraprofessional etc.
A registrar is the keeper of records in an educational institution whinis charged with the responsibility of registering students, and keeping their academic records.
The guidance counselor is a professional who provides career, academic, and social-emotional competencies to the students in a schoool through counseling. Such person is the faculty member smtaht you should talk to about enrolling in an AP.
course?
Please I need help!!
Answer:
A
Explanation:
State the type of skewness for a frequency distribution whose three quartiles are 21, 18 and 20.
Answer:
Left skew
Explanation:
Given the quartiles of a distribution :
21, 18 and 20
Lower quartile, Q1 = 18
Median, Q2 = 20
Upper quartile, Q3 = 21
Representing the quartiles of the distribution as box plot, we can see that the median, Q2 is much closer to the third quartile, Q3, Than it is to the first quartile, Q1. Hence, we have a left skew or a negatively skewed distribution.
Managers should not become complacent about efficiency-based cost advantages because: a. both learning effects and economics of scale go on forever. b. the experience curve will bottom out at some point. c. cost advantages gained from experience effects are not affected by the development of new technologies. d. unit costs keep reducing as output increases. e. the experience curve steadily rises after a certain threshold is reached, indicating an increase in unit costs.
Answer:
b. the experience curve will bottom out at some point.
Explanation:
In the case when the manager could not become complacent regarding the advantage of efficiency based cost so here the experience curve should be end up at some point of time as the experience curve shows the relationship between the production quantity in cumulative one with the production cost
Therefore the option b is correct
In 1910, the price of a Model T Ford was $950. By 1917, the average price for the same car was $360. In 1910, fewer than 19,000 Model T's were sold. In 1917, over 730,000 were sold. What conclusion can you draw from this information?: (A)The cost of living must have gone down between 1910 and 1917. (B)Henry Ford was making less money in 1917 than he was in 1910 (C)It cost the Ford Motor Company less to produce a Model T in 1917 than it did in 1910. (D)There is no relationship between the price of the Model T's and the number sold.
The conclusion that can be reached is that (C)It cost the Ford Motor Company less to produce a Model T in 1917 than it did in 1910.
The price of a good or service is usually directly proportional to its cost. This means that if something was costly to produce or to provide, the price that the company providing will charge will be high as well.
The reason for this is that the company needs to make a profit so they charge a higher price than the cost in order to make back the cost and some profit. This is called cost plus pricing.
In 1910, the Model T Ford cost $950 but in 1917 the same car cost $360. This means that the cost must have been less in 1917 than it was in 1910 which was why the Ford company was able to charge less for it.
The correct answer is therefore C.
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Answer:
option c is the correct answer
i think this helps u
Barclay Bikes manufactures and sells three distinct styles of bicycles: the Youth model sells for $420 and has a unit contribution margin of $165; the Adult model sells for $970 and has a unit contribution margin of $510; and the Recreational model sells for $1,120 and has a unit contribution margin of $560. The company's sales mix includes: 5 Youth models; 9 Adult models; and 6 Recreational models. If the firm's annual fixed costs total $6,620,000, calculate the firm's contribution margin per composite unit.
Answer:
the firm's contribution margin per composite unit is $8,775
Explanation:
The computation of the firm's contribution margin per composite unit is given below:
= $165 × 5 + $510 × 9 + $560 × 6
= $825 + $4,590 + $3,360
= $8,775
Hence, the firm's contribution margin per composite unit is $8,775
Therefore the same is to be considered and relevant
. You have determined that Company A's shares have an intrinsic value of $20 per share but are trading at $22 per share, while Company B's shares are worth $25 per share but are trading at $22 per share. What would a rational investor (or an arbitrageur) do to take advantage of this price difference (no short-selling constraint and transaction fee)
Answer:
a rational investor would short company A's shares and long company B's shares.
Explanation:
Company A's shares are overvalued.
A share is overvalued when its intrinsic value is less than its price
Company B's shares are undervalued.
A share is undervalued when its intrinsic value is greater than its price
It is expected that the price of company's A's share would fall. Investors that are holding this company's share would lose.
On the other hand, it is expected the the price of company B's shares would rise. Investors holding this company's share would gain from the increase in price.
Thus, a rational investor would short short company A's shares and long company B's shares.
History of Stock Exchange in India
Answer:
The first organised stock exchange in India was started in 1875 at Bombay and it is stated to be the oldest in Asia. In 1894 the Ahmedabad Stock Exchange was started to facilitate dealings in the shares of textile mills there. The Calcutta stock exchange was started in 1908 to provide a market for shares of plantations and jute mills.
Then the madras stock exchange was started in 1920. At present there are 24 stock exchanges in the country, 21 of them being regional ones with allotted areas. Two others set up in the reform era, viz., the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and Over the Counter Exchange of India (OICEI), have mandate to have nation-wise trading.
They are located at Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Bangalore, Bhubaneswar, Mumbai, Kolkata, Kochi, Coimbatore, Delhi, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Indore, Jaipur’ Kanpur, Ludhiana, Chennai Mangalore, Meerut, Patna, Pune, Rajkot.
The Stock Exchanges are being administered by their governing boards and executive chiefs. Policies relating to their regulation and control are laid down by the Ministry of Finance. Government also Constituted Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) in April 1988 for orderly development and regulation of securities industry and stock exchanges.
The top part of Mars, Inc.'s 2018 balance sheet is listed as follows (in millions of dollars). Current assets: Current liabilities: Cash and marketable securities $ 10 Accrued wages and taxes $ 20 Accounts receivable 40 Accounts payable 30 Inventory 160 Notes payable 40 Total $ 210 Total $ 90 What are Mars, Inc.'s current ratio, quick ratio, and cash ratio for 2018?
Answer and Explanation:
The calculation is given below:
Current ratio is
= Current assets ÷ current liabilities
= 210 ÷ 90
= 2.33 times
quick ratio is
= Quick assets ÷ current liabilities
= + ($210 - $160) ÷ 90
= 0.56
And, the Cash ratio is
= cash ÷ Current liabilities
= 0.11
In this way it should be determined
Did the demand curve shift during the coronavirus?
Answer:
Yes, it is correct to say that the demand curve shifted during the coronavirus, as the pandemic was an unexpected event that caused a planned economic recession, with the main objective of reducing production levels and demand in order to contain the pandemic.
One of the examples was the legislation that forced the closing of stores and restaurants in order to reduce the circulation and agglomeration of people in order to reduce the contagion by the virus, which caused a drop in demand and jobs.
A firm has a demand function p=108-5q and the cost function c=-12q+q^2. find the price at which profit is maximum. find the maximum profit. also find the output for maximum cost.
Answer:
[tex](a)\ q=3.5[/tex]
[tex](b)\ t_{max} = 120.25[/tex]
(c) No maximum
Explanation:
Given
[tex]p = 108 - 5q[/tex]
[tex]c = -12q + q^2[/tex]
Solving (a): The price at maximum profit.
The profit (t) is calculated using the following function
[tex]t = p - c[/tex] --- price- cost
So, we have:
[tex]t = 108 - 5q - (-12q + q^2)[/tex]
Open bracket
[tex]t = 108 - 5q +12q - q^2[/tex]
[tex]t = 108 +7q - q^2[/tex]
Rewrite as:
[tex]t = - q^2 + 7q + 108[/tex] --- this is the profit function
A quadratic function is represented as:
[tex]y = ax^2 + bx + c[/tex]
The maximum is:
[tex]x = -\frac{b}{2a}[/tex]
By comparison:
[tex]q = -\frac{7}{2*-1}[/tex]
[tex]q=3.5[/tex] ----- price at maximum profit
Solving (b): The maximum profit
The profit function is:
[tex]t = - q^2 + 7q + 108[/tex]
The maximum is:
[tex]t_{max} = -3.5^2 + 7 * 3.5 +108[/tex]
[tex]t_{max} = 120.25[/tex]
Solving (c): Maximum cost
We have:
[tex]c = -12q + q^2[/tex]
The maximum price of the above function is:
[tex]q = -\frac{-12}{2*1}[/tex] ---- from x = -b/2a
[tex]q = \frac{12}{2}[/tex]
[tex]q = 6[/tex]
So, the maximum cost is:
[tex]c_{max} = -12 * 6 + 6^2[/tex]
[tex]c_{max} = -36[/tex]
The cost function has no maximum; only minimum
identify five business functions that are applicable to the scenario above.Motivate your answer by quoting from the scenario
Answer:
heheheheheheheheheheheheheheheheheheheheheheheheheheheheeheheheheheheehehehehehe.
It is well-known that retaining an existing customer is far less expensive than acquiring a new one, so you suggest that the owners begin by calculating share of customer to identify opportunities to sell more products to existing customers. Before you can calculate Camp Plus's share of customer, you need to determine what type of data you need to gather. What data sources will you need to utilize to calculate share of customer
Answer:
internal and external data
Explanation:
Big Data analysis can be regarded as one that contains massive amounts of data as well as complex analysis.
Internal data can be regarded as information that is been generated from within the business these could contains some areas like operations as well as maintenanc and personnel.
External data on other hands are attributed to the market, as well as from customers and from the firms competitors, it could be gotten from survey. All for increasing profitability.
What do safeguarding devices do to protect the worker?
Select the 3 answer options that apply.
Detects operator contact with the machine's point of operation
Prevents operator contact with the machine's point of operation
Answer:
Answer: Prevent contact:
Explanation:
]The safeguard must prevent hands, arms, and any other part of a worker's body from making contact with dangerous moving parts. A good safeguarding system eliminates the possibility of the operator or another worker placing parts of their bodies near hazardous moving parts.
Safeguarding devices prevent or detect operator contact with the point of operation to protect the worker. The correct option is b.
What is a safeguarding device?Safeguarding devices are protective measures consisting of the use of specific technical means, to protect workers from hazards that cannot be reasonably removed or sufficiently limited by design. These devices encompass a variety of equipment that prevents or limits access to the hazards. These can include everything from controls that require the worker to use both hands, gates that block access to moving parts, and sensing devices that identify when the worker is too close to the hazard.
Employers are responsible for safeguarding machines. Any machine part, function or process with the potential for causing an injury must be safeguarded using control methods that prevent employee contact with hazardous areas through effective machine guarding techniques. Almost all new machinery is available with safeguards installed by the manufacturer.
However, used or older equipment may require either purchasing additional safeguards or building and installing them in-house.
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Second National Bank is considering adding 5 new ATM machines. Each machine costs $25,000 and installation costs are $15,000 per machine. Second National Bank expects the new machines to save $0.33 per transaction on 250,000 transactions per year on the new machines. It also expects the new machines to last for 15 years. If the bank needs to earn 14 percent return on this investment, what is the net present value of this investment?
a. $506,729
b. $306,729
c. $272,269
d. $381,729
e. $424,228
Can you provide a step-by-step process and the functions for a financial calculator
Answer:
The answer is "Option b".
Explanation:
When the typo-It should be the last for 15 years:
[tex]NPV=-5\times (25000+15000)+0.33\times \frac{250000}{14\%} \times (1-\frac{1}{1.14^{15}})[/tex]
After solving the equation we get
[tex]=306728.85878 \\\\=\$ 306729\\\\[/tex]
When it was the last 25 years
[tex]NPV=-5\times(25000+15000)+0.33\times \frac{250000}{14\%}\times(1-\frac{1}{1.14^{25}})=367016.51358[/tex]
Your merchant fee is 3%. Your
customers paid you $2,200,000
through credit cards. What fee
must you pay the credit card
company?
$ [?]
Answer:
66,000
Explanation:
2,200,000*.03= 66,000
a woman sells her home for $450 000. she had purchased it for $300 000 and has lived there for 3 years. how much will she owe to IRS due to the gain on the sale?
Answer: $0
Explanation:
As a single homeowner, you are allowed to sell your house and get a $250,000 exemption on capital gains tax so long as you had stayed in the house for 2 years or more out of the last 5 years.
The woman in question has stayed in her home for 3 years when she sold it so she qualifies for the exemption.
Her capital gain is:
= Selling price - cost price
= 450,000 - 300,000
= $150,000
This is less than the exemption of $250,000 so the woman will be totally exempted from capital gains tax.
No amount will be gained by the woman
The amount that every house owner is exempted to gain is $250,000
The woman sold her house for $450,000
She purchased the house for $300,000
The gain can be calculated as follows;
$450,000-$300,000
= $150,000
This amount is less than $250,000 hence there is no gain
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Suppose the town of Falls Valley has a mosquito problem. After a bad summer, the town accountants explain that the marginal cost of providing one more treatment for mosquito control is $100,000. The town should provide the additional mosquito control only if the marginal: Group of answer choices social cost of mosquito control is more than $100,000. benefit for any individual citizen is at least $100,000. social cost of mosquito control is less than $100,000. benefits for all individual citizens add up to at least $100,000.
Answer:
The correct option is "benefits for all individual citizens add up to at least $100,000".
Explanation:
Marginal cost refers to the additional cost incurred in order to provide an additional unit of a commodity.
For a community, town, or country, benefit is maximized when the marginal cost of providing a good or service to the community, town, or country is equal to the sum of the marginal benefit for all individual citizens of the community, town, or country.
Based on the above explanation, the correct option is "benefits for all individual citizens add up to at least $100,000". That is, the town should provide the additional mosquito control only if the marginal benefits for all individual citizens add up to at least $100,000.
How does microfinance benefit an economy?
Answer:
it enables people to use money wisely
Explanation:
this is because a specific amount of money will be provided for a specific reason
Karl and Kara own a business that specializes in providing outdoor adventure experiences for tourists. They employ a staff of eight adventure guides who are responsible for providing each client with a safe and enjoyable outdoor experience. Recently, Karl and Kara received a number of complaints about the guides from clients. Karl believes that the problem can be resolved by providing the guides with additional customer service and communication training. But Kara suggests that before investing resources into training, they should conduct a needs assessment to see if training is the best solution, and if so, which type of training would be the most beneficial.
Answer: Needs assessment
Explanation:
Your question isn't well written as you've already given the answer to the question which is needs assessment.
A needs assessment is used for determining the needs as well as addressing the needs between the present conditions and the desired conditions.
The main purpose of needs assessment is in order to know the people whom are in need and the types of needs.
Job cost sheets can be used to: (Check all that apply.) Multiple select question. provide a permanent record for the Cost of Goods Sold account. monitor costs incurred to date and to predict and control costs for each job. provide a subsidiary ledger for the Finished Goods Inventory account. provide a subsidiary ledger for the Raw Materials Inventory account.
Answer: • provide a permanent record for the cost of goods sold account
• monitor costs incurred to date and to predict and control costs for each job.
• provide a subsidiary ledger for the finished goods inventory account.
Explanation:
Job cost sheet refers to the document that is used for the recording of the manufacturing costs and it is used as a subsidiary ledger for the work in process account due to the fact that it contains every details about the job in process.
From the options given, the job cost sheets can be used to:
• provide a permanent record for the cost of goods sold account
• monitor costs incurred to date and to predict and control costs for each job.
• provide a subsidiary ledger for the finished goods inventory account.
291. Much of the hope for continued improvement of the economy lies in the projection of increasing consumer spending this year. . A. projection of increasing consumer spending B. projection of consumers increasing spending for C. projected consumer spending increase 37 D. consumer spending that is projected to increase E. increase in consumer spending that is projected for
Answer:
The correct answer is E:
Much of the hope for continued improvement of the economy lies in the increase in consumer spending that is projected for.
Explanation:
i. Much of the hope (this is the main Subject of the conversation)
ii. for continued improvement (this is the Prepositional phrase. It modifies the noun “hope”)
iii. of the economy (this is a Prepositional phrase – it modifies the noun “improvement”)
iv. lies in the projection (This is the main Verb – “lies”)
v. of increasing consumer spending this year. (This is the prepositional phrase. It modifies the noun “projection”)
At first glance, it would appear that the positive experience that is anticipated is the projection.
A projection (unqualified) in this case is an estimate of how a thing will be in the future.
Having stated this, we see that it is more logical to hope for a positive experience that will occur than to just hope. Hence the hope is really in the increase in consumer spending not in the projection as a separate word.
(E) therefore is the Correct option because in this option that in this option “that” modifies “increase”.
Cheers
