Explanation:
because of the popularity
how does mcdonaldization affect global relationships?
Answer:
The term McDonalization refers to a sociological and cultural concept by which the situation of depersonalization and automation of social relations and the means of economic production is described, by which it aims to generate automated structures such as those of fast food chains with the objective of optimizing performance and generating efficiency, at the expense of depersonalizing labor and social relations, leading individuals to a greater loss of their collective sentiment.
Extra Credit: The people of the Philippines are no stranger to typhoons and yet most people were caught off guard when the typhoon Haiyan struck and caused unprecedented number of casualties. The main reason for this was due to:_____.a. extremely strong winds that destroyed homes.b. massive flooding caused by extremely rapid and high storm surges.c. very strong rate of rainfall that triggered massive landslides.d. massive amounts of rainfall that led to dam failures throughout the Philippines.
Answer:
a. extremely strong winds that destroyed homes
Explanation:
The people of the Philippines are no stranger to typhoons and yet most people were caught off guard when the typhoon Haiyan struck and caused unprecedented number of casualties. The main reason for this was due to extremely strong winds that destroyed homes.
The typhoon Haiyan was unlike any other typhoon the people of Philippines were accustomed to, or even Asia as a continent. It came with extremely strong winds that completely leveled everything in its path, leaving in its wake a mass of casualties and both human and infrastructure.
A sporting goods manufacturer budgets production of 45,000 pairs of ski boots in the first quarter and 30,000 pairs in the second quarter of the upcoming year. Each pair of boots require 2 kg of a key raw material. The company aims to end each quarter with ending raw materials inventory equal to 20% of the following quarter's material needs. Beginning inventory for this material is 18,000 kg and the cost per kg is $8. What is the budgeted materials need in kg. in the first quarter?
A) 90,000 kg.
B) 84,000 kg.
C) 108,000 kg.
D) 102,000 kg.
E) 120,000 kg.
Answer:
B) 84,000 kg.
Explanation:
The computation of the budgeted materials need in kg. in the first quarter is given below:
begnning inventory 18000
required for production (45000 × 2) 90000
Less: closing (30000 × 2 × 20%) - 12000
Raw material needs 84000
hence, the budgeted materials need in kg. in the first quarter is 84,000
Therefore the option b is correct
Based on the results in (a), the CFO requested that $22,000 of cash be used to pay off the balance of the accounts payable account on December 31, 2022. Calculate the new current ratio and working capital after the company takes these actions.
Question Completion:
Crane Company
Balance Sheet
December 30, 2022
Current assets
Cash $27,000
Accounts receivable 29,700
Prepaid insurance 6,000
Total current assets $ 62,700
Equipment (net) 201,200
Total assets $263,900
Current liabilities
Accounts payable $ 22,000
Salaries and wages payable 11,000
Total current liabilities $ 33,000
Long-term liabilities
Notes payable 79,700
Total liabilities $112,700
Stockholders' equity
Common stock 100,000
Retained earnings 51,200 $151,200
Total liabilities and
stockholders' equity $263,900
Answer:
Crane Company
Dec. 30 Dec. 31
Current ratio 1.9 3.64
Working capital $29,700 $29,000
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Crane Company
Balance Sheet
December 30, 2022
Current assets
Cash $27,000
Accounts receivable 29,700
Prepaid insurance 6,000
Total current assets $ 62,700
Equipment (net) 201,200
Total assets $263,900
Current liabilities
Accounts payable $ 22,000
Salaries and wages payable 11,000
Total current liabilities $ 33,000
Long-term liabilities
Notes payable 79,700
Total liabilities $112,700
Stockholders' equity
Common stock 100,000
Retained earnings 51,200 $151,200
Total liabilities and
stockholders' equity $263,900
Dec. 30 Dec. 31
Current assets $62,700 $40,000
Current liabilities $33,000 $11,000
Working capital $29,700 $29,000
Current ratio 1.9 3.64
Working capital = Current assets - Current liabilities
Current ratio = Current assets/Current liabilities
The customer service department for a wholesale electronics outlet claims 90% of all customer complaints are resolved to the satisfaction of the customer. In order to test this claim, a random sample of 15 customers who have filed complaints is selected. Part A
Let x = the number of sampled customers whose complaints were solved to the customer’s satisfaction. Assuming the claim is true, write the binomial formula for the situation. Part B Use the binomial tables (see Table A.1in the text) to find each of the following if we assume that the claim is tru:
Answer:
Kindly check explanation
Explanation:
Given
Probability of success, p = 0.9
Number of trials = sample size, n = 15
q = 1 - p
The binomial formula for this situation is written as :
P(x = x) = nCx * p^x * q^(n-x)
P(x = x) = 15Cx * 0.9^x * (1-0.9)^(15-x)
(1) For ; P(x ≤ 13).
P(x = 0) + p(x = 1) +... + p(x = 13)
Using a calculator :
P(x ≤ 13) = 0.451 (3 decimal place)
(2) For ; P(x > 10).
Using calculator :
P(x > 10) = p(x = 11) + p(x = 12) +... + p(x = 15)
P(x > 10) = 0.9873
(3) For P(x ≥ 14).
Using calculator ;
P(x ≥ 14) = [p(x = 14) + p(x = 15)]
P(x ≥ 14) = 0.5490
(4) P(9 ≤ x ≤ 12).
P(9 ≤ x ≤ 12) = p(x = 9) + p(x = 10) + p(x = 11) + p(x = 12)
P(9 ≤ x ≤ 12) = (0.001939 + 0.01047 + 0.042835 + 0.128505) = 0.1837
(5) For P(x ≤ 9) ;
Using calculator ;
P(x ≤ 9) = p(x = 0) + p(x = 1) +... + p(x = 9)
P(x ≤ 9) = 0.00225
Exercise 6-10 Petty cash fund accounting LO P2 Palmona Co. establishes a $200 petty cash fund on January 1. On January 8, the fund shows $38 in cash along with receipts for the following expenditures: postage, $74; transportation-in, $29; delivery expenses, $16; and miscellaneous expenses, $43. Palmona uses the perpetual system in accounting for merchandise inventory. Prepare journal entries to (1) establish the fund on January 1, (2) reimburse it on January 8, and (3) both reimburse the fund and increase it to $450 on January 8, assuming no entry in part 2. Hint: Make two separate entries for part 3.
Answer:
1 Jan 01
Dr Petty cash 200
Cr Cash 200
2 Jan 1
Dr Postage expense 74
Cr Merchandise inventory 29
Dr Delivery expense 16
Cr Miscellaneous expenses 43
Cr Cash 162
3 Jan 08
Dr Postage expense 74
Dr Merchandise inventory 29
Dr Delivery expense 16
Dr Miscellaneous expenses 43
C Cash 162
Dr Petty cash 250
Cr Cash 250
Explanation:
1 Preparation of the journal entry to record reimburse the fund
Jan 01
Dr Petty cash 200
Cr Cash 200
2. Preparation of the reimburse it on January 8, and
Jan 08
Dr Postage expense 74
Dr Merchandise inventory 29
Dr Delivery expense 16
Dr Miscellaneous expenses 43
Cr Cash 162
3 Preparation of jourtnal for reimburse the fund and increase it to $450
Jan 08 Postage expense 74
Merchandise inventory 29
Delivery expense 16
Miscellaneous expenses 43
Cash 162
Petty cash 250
Cash 250
PLEASE HELP!!!!
Jeff and Casey, who are currently both working full-time jobs, are about to have their first child. They are trying to decide if they are both going to keep working. What benefit are they MOST likely to experience if they choose a dual-income option?
a.They will have a lower amount of childcare expenses.
b. They will have a greater amount of financial income.
c. They will have less disposable income.
d. They will have more time to spend with their new baby
Answer:
They will have a greater amount of financial income
Kluber, Inc. had net income of $917,000 based on variable costing. Beginning and ending inventories were 56,700 units and 55,400 units, respectively. Assume the fixed overhead per unit was $2.10 for both the beginning and ending inventory. What is net income under absorption costing
Answer:
The answer is "[tex]\$235,410[/tex]".
Explanation:
Variable cost net income [tex]=\$917,000[/tex]
Less: Fixed overhead start [tex]56,700\times \$2.10=\$119,070[/tex]
Add: Fixed overhead termination [tex]55,400\times $2.10=\$11,6340[/tex]
Net revenue at cost of absorption [tex]=\$235,410[/tex]
what are the good characteristics of an entrepreneur?
Answer:
Enterprises are usually regarded as the start-up of a company. Although this is true, some nuances need to be taken into account.
Entrepreneurs — either as individuals or as a team — find their own personal and professional opportunities. They make hypotheses of ways in which they can give customers value and conduct structured testing to validate their ideas.
Explanation:
Curiosity:-
Successful entrepreneurs feel curious and can constantly search for new opportunities. Curious entrepreneurs ask questions and explore different avenues rather than settling for what they think they know.
Structured Experimentation:-
The Need for structured experimentation is in conjunction with curiosity. An entrepreneur must conduct tests to determine if each new opportunity arises.
Adaptability:-
The company is changing constantly. Entrepreneurship is an iterative process that presents itself at all times with new challenges and opportunities. For every scenario, it is almost impossible to prepare.
Team Building:-
A big businessman knows their weaknesses and strengths. They build well-rounded teams that complement their ability instead of letting weaknesses hold them back.
Risk Tolerance:-
Business is often linked to risk. Although it is true that starting a business requires a contractor to take risks, they also need to do something to minimize it.
Comfortable with Failure:-
Successful entrepreneurs prepare and comfortably confront failure. The possibility of success pushes them forward rather than allow fear to hold them back.
Persistence:-
Although many successful businessmen can comfortably fail, this does not mean that they can abandon quickly. Rather, they regard failures as learning and growing opportunities.
An analyst forecasts dividends over the next three years for ABC Company of $1.25, $2.00, and $2.50 respectively. He also expects that the dividend will grow at a constant rate of 3% forever after the third year. If the required rate of return is 12%, ABC stock price is closest to:
Answer:
$24.85
Explanation:
The stock price of the abc is given below:
Value of Stock after Year 3 = (Forecasted Dividend for Year 3 × Growth Rate) ÷ (Required Rate of Return - Growth Rate of Dividend)
= (2.5 × 1.03) ÷ (0.12-0.03)
= 28.61
Now
Current Stock Price = PV of all Future Dividends and Present Value of Stock after Year 3
=(1.25 ÷ 1.12) + (2 ÷ 1.12^2) + (2.5 ÷ 1.12^3) + (28.61 ÷ 1.12^3)
= 1.1161 + 1.5944 + 1.7795 + 20.3640
= $24.85
Selected accounts with amounts omitted are as follows: Work in Process Aug. 1 Balance 268,300 Aug. 31 Goods finished 168,800 31 Direct materials X 31 Direct labor 43,300 31 Factory overhead X Factory Overhead Aug. 1 – 31 Costs incurred 108,100 Aug. 1 Balance 12,100 31 Applied X If the balance of Work in Process on August 31 is $202,600, what was the amount debited to Work in Process for factory overhead in August, assuming a factory overhead rate of 30% of direct labor costs? a.$12,100 b.$12,990 c.$168,800 d.$108,100
Answer:
b.$12,990
Explanation:
Calculation to determine the amount debited to Work in Process for factory overhead in August, assuming a factory overhead rate of 30% of direct labor costs
Using this formula
Overhead applied = Direct labor cost * Predetermined overhead rate
Let plug in the formula
Overhead applied= 43,300 * 30%
Overhead applied= $12,990
Therefore the amount debited to Work in Process for factory overhead in August, assuming a factory overhead rate of 30% of direct labor costs is $12,990
View Policies Current Attempt in Progress In January, Dieker Company requisitions raw materials for production as follows: Job 1 $910, Job 2 $1,700, Job 3 $800, and general factory use $650. Prepare a summary journal entry to record raw materials used. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually.) Date Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit Jan. 31 enter an account title for the journal entry on January 31 enter a debit amount enter a credit amount enter an account title for the journal entry on January 31 enter a debit amount enter a credit amount enter an account title for the journal entry on January 31
Answer:
Dieker Company
Journal Entry:
Debit Work in Process $3,410
Debit Manufacturing overhead $650
Credit Raw materials $4,060
To record raw materials used for production.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Job 1 $910
Job 2 $1,700
Job 3 $800 $3,410
General factory use $650
Total $4,060
Transaction Analysis:
Work in Process $3,410 Manufacturing overhead $650 Raw materials $4,060
b) While the summary journal entry is made in Work in Process, the detailed entries are made in Job 1, Job 2, and Job 3 cost sheets.
Dallas Products is a division of a major corporation. The following data are for the most recent year of operations: Sales $ 37,080,000 Net operating income $ 3,108,960 Average operating assets $ 8,600,000 The company's minimum required rate of return 16 % The division's residual income is closest to:______
Answer:
1,732,960
Explanation:
The sales is $37,080,000
The net operating income is $3,108,960
The average operationg assets is $8,600,000
The required rate of return is 16%
The divisional residual income can be calculated as follows
= 3,108,960-(16/100×8,600,000)
= 3,108,960 - (0.16×8,600,000)
= 3,108,960-1,376,000
= 1,732,960
Hence the residual income is closest to $1,732,960
Rival is Consumption
Yes No
Excludable Yes A B
No C D
Emma's use of good x does not affect anyone else's use of good x. Neither Emma nor anyone else can be prevented from using the good. Good x is an example of the type of good that belongs in:________
a. Box D, which represents public goods.
b. Box B, which represents common resources.
c. Box C, which represents common resources.
d. Box A, which represents private goods.
Answer: A. Box D, which represents public goods.
Explanation:
A public good is referred to as a good that possesses two main characteristics which are non-rivalrous and non-excludable.
This simply means that individuals nobody can be excluded from using a public good and.itsuse by one individual doesn't affect others from using it too.
Since Emma's use of good x does not affect anyone else's use of good x and neither Emma nor anyone else can be prevented from using the good, then it's a public good.
Under absorption costing, fixed manufacturing overhead is expensed at the time the units are produced. Under variable costing, fixed manufacturing overhead is expensed at the time the units are sold.A. TrueB. False
Answer:
A. True
Explanation:
In the case of absorption costing, the fixed manufacturing overhead should be incurred at the time when the units are generated or produced. While on the other hand, in the case of variable costing the fixed manufacturing overhead should be incurred at the time when the units are sold
Therefore the given statement is true
Hence, the correct option is a.
Suppose you have $1,000 and plan to purchase a 10-year certificate of deposit (CD) that pays 1.0% annual interest, compounded monthly. How much will you have when the CD matures?
Explanation:
yes to the house and technology and technology and technology and technology and technology and technology and technology and technology
You are going to retire in 43 years. After retirement, you need $80,000 at the end of year for 25 years. How much do you have to save for your retirement every month
Answer:
Results are below.
Explanation:
I will assume an interest rate of 8% per year.
First, we need to calculate the amount required at the moment of retirement:
PV= A*{(1/i) - 1/[i*(1 + i)^n]}
PV= 80,000 * {(1/0.08) - 1/[0.08*(1.08^25)]}
PV= $853,982.1
Now, the monthly deposit required:
i= 0.08/12= 0.0067
n= 43*12= 516
FV= {A*[(1+i)^n-1]}/i
A= monthly deposit
Isolating A:
A= (FV*i)/{[(1+i)^n]-1}
A= (853,982.1*0.0067) / [(1.0067^516) - 1]
A= $188.43
will lend you $10,000 today with terms that require you to pay off the loan in 36 monthly installments of $500 each. What is the effective annual rate of interest that Laura is charging you
Closing entries are: Multiple Choice Made to record events that occurred during the period but have not yet been recorded. Made to transfer the balances of temporary accounts to retained earnings. Made to transfer the balances of permanent accounts to retained earnings. Optional.
Answer:
Made to transfer the balances of temporary accounts to retained earnings.
Explanation:
Financial statements can be defined as a document used for the formal communication or disclosure of financial information and statements to present and potential users such as investors and creditors.
Generally, financial statements are the formally written records of the business and financial activities of a business entity or organization.
There are four (4) main types of financial statements and these are;
1. Balance sheet: it contains financial information about assets, liability, and equity.
2. Cash flow statement: it contains financial information about operating, financial and investing activities.
3. Income statement: it contains financial information about the income and expenses of an organization.
4. Statement of changes in equity: it contains financial information about profits or loss, dividends, etc.
A closing entry can be defined as a journal entry made at the end of an accounting period to transfer all balances in the temporary accounts to a permanent account.
In Financial accounting, there are four (4) main closing entries and these include;
I. Closing expenses to income summary.
II. Closing revenues to income summary.
III. Closing dividends to retained earnings.
IV. Closing income summary to retained earnings.
This ultimately implies that, closing entries are made to transfer the balances of temporary accounts to retained earnings.
Retained earnings also known as accumulated earnings, can be defined as the total amount of net income held by a corporation for its future use after paying out dividends to its shareholders.
The retained earnings statement refers to a financial statement that enumerate changes in retained earnings for an organization over a specific period of time. The retained earnings statement is the statement of owner's equity that outlines details of changes in the amount of retained earnings (profits) over a specified period in an organization.
What improvement tool would you use to identify all possible reasons for the increase in complaints about the HIM department
Answer:
The correct answer is "Brainstorming".
Explanation:
Brainstorming would've been utilized to uncover probable explanations for rising accusations, is a simple as well as inconspicuous technique of transferring information or ideas.The approach provides somebody with a venue to voice their feelings or views without anyone being excluded. This same information gathered would indeed help to pinpoint the primary reason.Thus, the above is the right answer.
On May 7, Jernigan Company purchased on account 640 units of raw materials at $15 per unit. During May, raw materials were requisitioned for production as follows: 224 units for Job 200 at $13 per unit and 294 units for Job 305 at $15 per unit.
Required:
Journalize the entry on May 7
Answer:
Date Account Title Debit Credit
May 7 Materials $9,600
Accounts Payable $9,600
Working:
= Units purchased * cost per unit
= 640 * 15
= $9,600
As the goods were purchased on account, they will be sent to accounts payable. Materials are assets so they will be debited when acquired.
An operating lease has unequal payments over the lease term. During the first year, the payment is $14,000; total payments over the five-year lease term are $120,000. Based on the present value of the total lease payments and the implicit interest rate, interest expense incurred during the first year is $6,000. Amortization of the right-to-use asset for year 1 should be:
Answer: $8000
Explanation:
Amortization refers to the practice whereby the cost of an intangible asset is spread over the useful life of the asset. Amortization is used to lower the book value of an intangible asset or loan over a particular period of time.
Based on the information given in the question, the amortization of the right-to-use asset for year 1 should be:
= Installment - Interest
= $14000 - $6000
= $8000
Your company is estimated to make dividends payments of $2.2 next year, $3.9 the year after, and $4.8 in the year after that. The dividends will then grow at a constant rate of 2% per year. If the discount rate is 9% then what is the current stock price?
Answer:
$63.01
Explanation:
The share price today is the present value of expected future cash flows which in this case are the expected future dividends and the terminal value of dividends beyond the 3rd year.
Year 1 dividend =$2.2
Year 2 dividend =$3.9
Year 3 dividend =$4.8
Terminal value=Year 3 dividend*(1+constant growth rate)/(required rate of return-constant growth rate)
constant growth rate=2%
the required rate of return=9%
Terminal value=$4.80*(1+2%)/(9%-2%)
Terminal value=$69.94
Present value of a future cash flow=cash flow/(1+required rate of return)^n
n is 1 for year 1 dividend, 2 for year 2 dividend , 3 for year 3 dividend, and terminal value(terminal value is stated in year 3 terms)
stock price=$2.2/(1+9%)^1+$3.9/(1+9%)^2+$4.8/(1+9%)^3+$69.94/(1+9%)^3
stock price=$63.01
What is the internal rate of return of a project costing $3,000; having after-tax cash flows of $1,500 in each of the two years of its two-year life; and a salvage value of $800at the end of the second year in addition to the $1,500 cash flow?a) 13%.
b) 15%.
c) 16%.
d) 19%.
Westside Manufacturing Co.'s budget at 6,000 units of production includes $36,000 for direct labor and $3,000 for electric power. Total fixed costs are $33,000. At 7,000 units of production, a flexible budget would show: Group of answer choices variable and fixed costs totaling $45,375 variable costs of $39,000 and $33,875 of fixed costs variable costs of $45,500 and $33,000 of fixed costs variable costs of $44,000 and $33,000 of fixed costs
Answer:
variable costs of $45,500 and $33,000 of fixed costs
Explanation:
The computation of the variable cost and the fixed cost is shown below:
The fixed cost is $33,000
And, the variable cost is
= 39,000 ÷ 6,000 units × 7,000 units
= $45,500
Therefore variable costs of $45,500 and $33,000 of fixed costs
Hence, the same is to be considered and relevant
Q2. Custom Cuts Landscaping year-end balance sheet lists current assets ast $458,600, fixed assets at $658,200, current liabilities of $425,950, and long term debt of $395,450. Calculate Custom Cut's shareholder equity.
Answer:
the shareholder equity is $295,400
Explanation:
The computation of the shareholder equity is given below:
We know that
Assets = liabilities + stockholder equity
$458,600 + $658,200 = $425,950 + $395,450 + shareholder equity
So, the shareholder equity is
= $1,116,800 - $425,950 - $395,450
= $295,400
Hence, the shareholder equity is $295,400
Botox Facial Care had earnings after taxes of $330,000 in 20X1 with 200,000 shares of stock outstanding. The stock price was $42.00. In 20X2, earnings after taxes increased to $386,000 with the same 200,000 shares outstanding. The stock price was $53.00. a. Compute earnings per share and the P/E ratio for 20X1. (The P/E ratio equals the stock price divided by earnings per share.) (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your final answers to 2 decimal places.) b. Compute earnings per share and the P/E ratio for 20X2. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your final answers to 2 decimal places.) c. Why did the P/E ratio change
Answer:
Botox Facial Care
20X1 20X2
a. Earnings per share $1.65 $1.93
b. P/E ratio 25.45x 27.46x
c. The P/E ratio changed from 25.45x to 27.46x following a change in earnings per share and the stock price per share.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
20X1 20X2
Earnings after taxes $330,000 $386,000
Outstanding shares 200,000 200,000
Earnings per share $1.65 $1.93
Stock price $42.00 $53.00
P/E ratio 25.45x 27.46x
Earnings per share = Earnings after taxes/Outstanding shares
P/E ratio = Stock price/Earnings per share
A maker of soaps and lotions noticed a blind person having difficulty comparing products while shopping in one of her stores. She launched an initiative to include Braille on the packaging of all products her company produced. Which social responsibility stance below did the business owner demonstrate? Obstructionist Proactive Accommodating Defensive
Answer:
Proactive
Explanation:
Did the test myself
Proactive is the social responsibility stance below did the business owner demonstrate. Hence, option B is correct.
What is Proactive?Being proactive is defined as "doing something in advance of an issue, a need, or a change." Being proactive entails planning for the future and placing more emphasis on the variables under your control than those outside of it. It also entails accepting accountability.
Being proactive frequently translates into leadership abilities. A proactive worker, for instance, frequently foresees the requirements of their team before others do, and they seek to address those needs. The employee may initiate contact with their supervisor to discuss issues rather than waiting for orders from them.
Employees who are proactive are driven by their own goals, creative problem solvers, and chances seekers. People are more engaged and productive at work when they feel supported and trusted by their employer. Benefits of urging workers to take initiative at work
Thus, option B is correct.
For more information about Proactiveclick here:
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If the Moran Corp. has an ROE of 12 percent and a payout ratio of 20 percent, what is its sustainable growth rate
Answer:
9.6%
Explanation:
The ROE is 12 %
The payout ratio is 20%
The first step is to calculate tnr retention ratio
= 1-(20/100)
= 1-0.2
= 0.8
The sustainable growth can be calculated as follows
= 12×0.8
= 9.6
Hence the sustainable growth rate is 9.6%
Baker Company produced 1,500 units in May at a total cost of $10,000 and 4,000 units in June at a total cost of $18,000. Compute the variable cost per unit and the total fixed cost using the high-low method.
Answer:
Variable cost per unit = 3.2
TFC = 5200
Explanation:
Below is the given values:
Unit of may = 1500 units
Total cost of may = $10000
Unit of June = 4000
Total cost of June = $18000
Use below formula to find the variable cost per unit:
Variable cost per unit = (Tota cost of high activity - Total cost of low activity) / (High activity unit - lowest activity unit)
Variable cost per unit = (18000 - 10000) / (4000 - 1500)
Variable cost per unit = 3.2
Total Cost=(VC×Units Produced)+Total Fixed Cost
18000 = (3.2 x 4000) + TFC
Total fixed cost = 18000 - (3.2 x 4000)
Total fixed cost = $5200
