Answer:
Spanolia LLC
The after-tax cost of debt is:
= 7.20%.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Coupon interest rate of bonds = 12%
Maturity period = 20 years
Selling price = $1,000
Firm's marginal tax rate = 40%
After-tax cost of debt = Coupon interest rate * (1 - tax rate)
= 12% * (1 - 0.4)
= 12% * 0.6
= 7.20%
b) Spanolia's after-tax cost of debt is derived by multiplying the cost of debt by the after-tax rate. The after-tax cost of debt represents the interest that Spanolia LLC pays on the bonds less the income tax savings that it gains because interest expenses are tax-deductible.
Compute the amount of raw materials used during November if $32,000 of raw materials were purchased during the month and if the inventories were as follows:
Inventories Balance November 1 Balance November 30
Raw materials $7,800 $4,400
Work in process $6,400 $7,900
Finished goods $10,400 $12,400
a. $40,500.
b. $40,300.
c. $37,800.
d. $43,800.
Answer:
Results are below.
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Purchases= $32,000
Beginning inventory= $7,800
Ending inventory= $4,400
To calculate the direct material used, we need to use the following formula:
Direct material used= beginning inventory + purchases - ending inventory
Direct material used= 7,800 + 32,000 - 4,400
Direct material used= $35,400
Have you ever financed anything on a short term or long term arrangement?
Answer:
Financing is a very important part of every business. Firms often need financing to pay for their assets, equipment, and other important items. Financing can be either long-term or short-term. As is obvious, long-term financing is more expensive as compared to short-term financing.
There are different vehicles through which long-term and short-term financing is made available. This chapter deals with the major vehicles of both types of financing.
Explanation:
Long-Term Financing
Long-term financing is usually needed for acquiring new equipment, R&D, cash flow enhancement, and company expansion. Some of the major methods for long-term financing are discussed below.
Equity Financing
Equity financing includes preferred stocks and common stocks. This method is less risky in respect to cash flow commitments. However, equity financing often results in dissolution of share ownership and it also decreases earnings.
The cost associated with equity is generally higher than the cost associated with debt, which is again a deductible expense. Therefore, equity financing can also result in an enhanced hurdle rate that may cancel any reduction in the cash flow risk.
Corporate Bond
A corporate bond is a special kind of bond issued by any corporation to collect money effectively in an aim to expand its business. This tern is usually used for long-term debt instruments that generally have a maturity date after one year after their issue date at the minimum.
Short-Term Financing
Short-term financing with a time duration of up to one year is used to help corporations increase inventory orders, payrolls, and daily supplies. Short-term financing can be done using the following financial instruments −
Commercial Paper
Commercial Paper is an unsecured promissory note with a pre-noted maturity time of 1 to 364 days in the global money market. Originally, it is issued by large corporations to raise money to meet the short-term debt obligations.
It is backed by the bank that issues it or by the corporation that promises to pay the face value on maturity. Firms with excellent credit ratings can sell their commercial papers at a good price.
Asset-backed commercial paper (ABCP) is collateralized by other financial assets. ABCP is a very short-term instrument with 1 and 180 days’ maturity from issuance. ACBCP is typically issued by a bank or other financial institution.
Promissory Note
It is a negotiable instrument where the maker or issuer makes an issue-less promise in writing to pay back a pre-decided sum of money to the payee at a fixed maturity date or on demand of the payee, under specific terms.
The most common measure of inflation is a static called the _____
1. Nominal measurement
2. Consumer price index
3. Anual rate
4. US Bureau of Labor Statistic
Explanation:
The most common measure of inflation is a statistic called the Consumer Price Index (CPI).
The Chiemsee Knee Replacement Clinic (CKRC) is a sports clinic located at the northern edge of the German Alps. It specializes in knee replacements for skiers who come to CKRC from Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Italy. The clinic currently has one operating room (OR). However, since the clinic has dramatically more demand than capacity, the management team contemplates investing in a second OR. A lean consulting firm, however, suggests that before going ahead with installing new capacity, the clinic should first look at how it uses its existing capacity. The data collected by the consulting firm reveal that:
The OR is available for 12 hours a day; the hospital has decided to not perform any procedures between 7pm and 7am. This time is equally divided across three surgeons.
The standard procedure time for the knee surgery done at the clinic is 1h.
The cleaning and housekeeping that needs to happen after each procedure takes 20 minutes. Almost all of this time could be saved if the cleaning crew were notified earlier on.
10 minutes are spent on patient preparation / anesthesia work before each procedure. (Note: this is not part of the 60-minute procedure time). Proposals have been evaluated to move these 10 minutes to outside the OR, and there exists no medical reason that would prohibit doing this.)
A surgeon only starts a case if all of the work associated with the case (preparation, procedure, and cleaning) can be completed in the 4h allotted to each surgeon. Surgeons never start BEFORE their allotted time.
Though the clinic aims to operate 7 days a week, holidays, vacation, and construction time lead to an average of one day a week that the OR cannot be used at all.
What is the OEE of the operating room? Assume a 12h window in which the OR could be used.
The OEE of the Operating Room is 34.8%.
Operating Room Overall Equipment EffectivenessTo calculate the OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) of the OR, you need to consider three factors: availability, performance, and quality.
Availability: The OR is available for 12 hours a day, but there is a 1 hour window between 7pm and 7am when it is not used. Additionally, there is an average of one day a week when the OR cannot be used at all. Therefore, the availability is:(12 hours - 1 hour) / 12 hours * 7 days/week - 1 day/week = 0.92 or 92%
Performance: The standard procedure time for the knee surgery is 1 hour, and 10 minutes are spent on patient preparation and anesthesia work. The cleaning and housekeeping takes 20 minutes, and a surgeon only starts a case if all of the work can be completed in the 4 hours allotted to each surgeon. Therefore, the performance is:1 hour + 10 minutes + 20 minutes = 1 hour and 30 minutes / 4 hours = 0.375 or 37.5%
Quality: Quality is not mentioned in the data provided, so it is assumed to be 100%.To calculate OEE, you need to multiply availability, performance, and quality:
OEE = availability * performance * quality = 0.92 * 0.375 * 1 = 0.348 or 34.8%
So, the OEE of the OR is 34.8%.
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Bonita Industries has several outdated computers that cost a total of $18400 and could be sold as scrap for $6400. They could be updated for an additional $3100 and sold. If Bonita updates the computers and sells them, net income will increase by $9000. At what price were the updated versions sold?
a. 13,400
b. 6600
c. 6800
d. 8000
Answer:
the updated version should be sold at $18,500
Explanation:
The computation of the selling price is given below:
= Sale value of scrap + additional amount sold + increase of net income
= $6,400 + $3,100 + $9,000
= $18,500
Hence, the updated version should be sold at $18,500
This is the answer but the same is not provided in the given options
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Answer:
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Jagadison Co. leases computer equipment to customers under sales-type leases. The equipment has no residual value at the end of the lease and the leases do not contain purchase options. Jagadison desires a return of 12% interest on a five-year lease of equipment with a fair value of $989,065.Jagadison Co. leases computer equipment to customers under sales-type leases. The equipment has no residual value at the end of the lease and the leases do not contain purchase options. Jagadison desires a return of 12% interest on a five-year lease of equipment with a fair value of $989,065.
Required:
What is the total amount of interest revenue that Jagadison will earn over the life of the lease?
Answer: $235,844
Explanation:
Interest revenue = Total lease payments - Fair value of equipment
The lease payments are constant and so are an annuity and will be an annuity due because the first lease payment of such leases are made immediately.
Present value of lease payments = Annuity * Present value factor of Annuity due, 5 years, 12%
989,065 = Annuity * 4.0373
Annuity = 989,065 / 4.0373
= $244,981.79
Total lease payments = Lease payments * number of years
= 244,981.79 * 5
= $1,224,908.95
Interest revenue = 1,224,908.95 - 989,065
= $235,843.95
= $235,844
Suppose an income tax is imposed that takes $2,000 from someone with an income of $20,000, $2,500 from someone with an income of $30,000, and $4,000 from someone with an income of $80,000. This tax would be classified as
Answer: Regressive tax
Explanation:
Regressive tax refers to a tax regime where the tax rate reduces as the level of income increases.
In the above scenario, the income tax rates are:
$20,000 income = 2,000 / 20,000 = 10%
$30,000 income = 2,500 / 30,000 = 8.3%
$8,000 income = 4,000 / 80,000 = 5%
Notice how the tax rates reduced as the income earned went up. This is why this is a regressive tax regime.
Suppose that the tax on interest income is levied on the nominal interest rate, the tax rate is 20 percent, and the real interest rate is 4 percent a year. There is no inflation.
Calculate the after-tax real interest rate and the true tax rate on interest income.
Answer:
After-tax interest rate ⇒ 3.2%True tax on interest income ⇒ 20%Explanation:
After-tax real interest rate:
= Real interest rate * (1 - tax rate)
= 4% * (1 - 20%)
= 4% * 80%
= 3.2%
True tax on interest income:
= 20%
True tax on interest income is the tax rate levied on the nominal interest rate which is 20%.
Department M had 2,000 units 56% completed in process at the beginning of June, 13,500 units completed during June, and 1,000 units 28% completed at the end of June. What was the number of equivalent units of production for conversion costs for June if the first-in, first-out method is used to cost inventories? a.14,780 units b.13,780 units c.12,660 units d.11,500 units
Answer:
c.12,660 units
Explanation:
Calculation to determine What was the number of equivalent units of production for conversion costs for June if the first-in, first-out method is used to cost inventories
Using this formula
EUP (FIFO) = Completed Units + Ending units - Beginning units
Let plug in the formula
EUP (FIFO)=13,500 +( 1,000 x 28%)- (2,000 x 56%)
EUP (FIFO)= 13,500+280-$1120
EUP (FIFO)=12,660 units
Therefore the number of equivalent units of production for conversion costs for June if the first-in, first-out method is used to cost inventories is 12,660 units
Although appealing to more refined tastes, art as a collectible has not always performed so profitably. During 2015, an auction house sold a painting for a price of $1,080,000. Unfortunately for the previous owner, he had purchased it three years earlier at a price of $1,660,000.
What was his annual rate of return on this painting? (A negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
Answer: -13.35%
Explanation:
Based on the information given in the question, the annual rate of return on this painting will be calculated thus:
Sales price of painting = $1,080,000
Cost price of painting = $1,660,000
The sales Price formula is given as
= Cost price × (1 +r)³
1080000 = 1660000 × (1+r)³
1,080,000/1,660,000 = (1+r)³
0.65 = (1 + r)³
Annual rate of return r will now be:
= 0.6506^⅓ - 1
= -13.35%
An overhead variance report includes which of the followings: _________
a. Variable and fixed flexible budget costs
b. Variable and fixed actual results
c. Variable and fixed sales results
d. Variable and fixed variances
Answer: a. Variable and fixed flexible budget costs
Explanation:
An overhead variance report shows the difference between the overhead that was actually incurred to either produce or sell vs the overhead that was budgeted.
Overhead can either be fixed or variable so an overhead report will include both fixed and variable budgeted costs which will then be compared to fixed and variable actual overhead costs.
Flagstaff Company has budgeted production units of 8,000 for July and 8,200 for August. The direct materials requirement per unit is 3 ounces (oz.). The company has determined that it wants to have safety stock of direct materials on hand at the end of each month to complete 25% of the units budgeted in the following month. There was 6,000 ounces of direct material in inventory at the start of July. The total cost of direct materials purchases for the July direct materials budget, assuming the materials cost $1.20 per ounce, is:____________
A) $28,800.
B) $28,980.
C) $21,600.
D) $28,620.
E) $36,180.
Answer:B) $28,980.
Explanation:
Beginning inventory is 6,000 ounces
Closing inventory = 8,200 × 3 ounces × 25% = 6,150ounces
Budgeted production = 8,000 × 3 ounces=24,000
Direct material to be purchased = Closing inventory + Budgeted production - Beginning inventory= 29,400 ounces
Direct material to be purchased = 6,150ounces +24,000- 6,000 ounces
= 24,150 ounces
Now,For $1.20 per pounce, it would be
= 24,150 ounces × $1.20
= $28,980.
changing nature of the environment and adaptation to the changes are crucial factors of successful planning. discuss
Explanation:
societies (robust evidence, high agreement). The combined efforts of a broad range of international organizations, scientific reports, and
media coverage have raised awareness of the importance of adaptation to climate change, fostering a growing number of adaptation responses
in developed and developing countries. This represents major progress since the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4). The literature illustrates
heterogeneity in adaptation planning related to the context specific nature of adaptation, but also to the differences in resources, values,
needs, and perceptions among and within societies. However, it is not yet clear how effective these responses currently are and will be in the
future. Few adaptation plans have been monitored and evaluated. There is a tendency in the literature to consider adaptation planning a problem-
free process capable of delivering positive outcomes, underestimating the complexity of adaptation as a social process, creating unrealistic
expectations in societies, and perhaps overestimating the capacity of planning to deliver the intended outcome of adapt
As project manager, Gabriella has discovered a major problem that could affect the remainder of the project.
What should she do before deciding how to resolve the problem?
Answer:
Develop a problem statement for the problem
Develop a problem statement for the problem she should do before deciding how to resolve the problem.
What is project manager?A project manager is in charge of the project's planning, acquisition, implementation, and conclusion. The project manager is in charge of the entire undertaking and manages every aspect of it, including the project scope, the project team, and the resources allotted to it.
At least three years of experience in a comparable capacity, communication skills, formal training, and a PMP certification are typically needed. A professional association, a university or college, or an online learning program with a narrow concentration are all options for obtaining certification.
One of the most difficult occupations is project management since no day is ever the same and you must use all of your project management abilities to address every issue.
Thus, Develop a problem statement for the problem.
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Welcome Inn Hotels is considering the construction of a new hotel for $90 million. The expected life of the hotel is 30 years, with no residual value. The hotel is expected to earn revenues of $26 million per year. Total expenses, including depreciation, are expected to be $15 million per year. Welcome Inn management has set a minimum acceptable rate of return of 14%.
a. Determine the equal annual net cash flows from operating the hotel.
b. Calculate the net present value of the new hotel. Use 7.003 for the present value of an annuity of $1 at 14% for 30 periods.
c. Does your analysis support construction of the new hotel?
Answer:
a. Annual Net cash flows:
= Revenue - Expenses + Depreciation
= 26,000,000 - 15,000,000 + (90,000,000 / 30 years)
= 11,000,000 + 3,000,000
= $14,000,000
b. Net present value:
= Present value of cashflows - Investment cost
= (Annual cashflow * present value of an annuity, 14%, 30 periods) - Investment cost
= (14,000,000 * 7.003) - 90,000,000
= $8,042,000
c. Company should construct the hotel as it would bring a positive Net Present Value
Note: In "b" the cashflow was treated as an annuity because it is constant.
information of samriyan enterprises is given below.a)Started bussiness with Rs 20000 b) purchase good of Rs 15000 from Ram.c)Goods sold on cash Rs 18000 d)Cash paid Ram Rs 10000 e)A gain goods purchase from Ram of rs 20000 f) Paid to Ram Rs 24000 in full settlement of his account.Required a) journal entries
Answer:
a) Dr: Cash 20000
Cr: Equity/Capital 20000
b) Dr: Goods 15000
Cr: Payable 15000
c) Dr: Cash 18000
Cr: Sales 18000
d) Dr: Payable 10000
Cr: Cash 10000
e) Dr: Goods 20000
Cr: Payable 20000
f) Dr: Payable 30000
Cr: Cash 24000
Cr: Profit and Loss 6000
On a bank reconciliation, a bank fee for check printing not yet recorded by the company is: A. Noted as a memorandum only. B. Added to the book balance of cash. C. Deducted from the book balance of cash. D. Added to the bank balance of cash. E. Deducted from the bank balance of cash.
Answer:
C) Deducted from the book balance of cash
Explanation:
bank reconciliation can be regarded as process where by bank account balance in an entity’s books of account is been reconciled to balance that is been reported by the financial institution Using the recent bank statement. It should be noted that On a bank reconciliation, a bank fee for check printing not yet recorded by the company is Deducted from the book balance of cash
On January 1, Baker Co. purchased equipment for $100,000. It has an estimated useful life of five years and its residual value is $10,000. The company has a calendar year-end. Using the straight-line method, depreciation expense for the first year of its life equals:
Answer:
Explanation:
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Calculation of national output at Market Prices is known as _________
a.
Real GDP
b.
Nominal GDP
c.
Non-monetary income
d.
None of these
Answer:
A
Explanation:
ctivity-Based Costing (ABC) is useful in: Select one: A. Breakdown COGS into DL, DM, and FOH B. Breaking down FOH more accurately into cost drivers C. Breaking down FOH into one overhead rate D. Breaking down DL and DM by product
Answer:
B. Breaking down FOH more accurately into cost drivers
Explanation:
In the case of activity based costing, the activity of the fixed cost should be breakdown based on the number of activity pools while the fixed cost should be breakdown as per the cost drivers. Also, there is more than one overhead rate existed. In addition to this, it is the method for distribution of the overhead with those firms who is able to used it
Therefore the option b is correct
In the process of conversion from the equity method to the fair value method, the earnings or losses that the investor previously recognized under the equity method should
Answer: remain as a part of the carrying amount of the investment
Explanation:
Equity method is simply the process whereby investments are treated in associate companies. It usually occurs when the investor entity holds about twenty to fifty percent of the voting stock of the other company.
It should be noted that in a process of conversion from the equity method to the fair value method, the earnings or losses that the investor previously recognized under the equity method should remain as a part of the carrying amount of the investment.
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Assume a visitor from another nation decides to open a checking account at J & R National Bank. The visitor deposits $20,000 that is new money to the Macro Islands economy. The central bank has set a required reserve ratio of 10%.
What is the change in the total amount that J & R National Bank can loan out? Explain.
Calculate the total amount that the bank can create? (Calculate means show your work.)
Now assume that the Macro Islands government decides to increase spending to fund new projects that will bring in more visitors. Explain what will happen to the demand for loanable funds and real interest rates as a result.
Answer: a)$18,000 and b)$200,000
Explanation:
a) Deposit = $20,000
Reserve=10%
=10%x20,000 =$2,000
Loan - Deposit = 20,000-2,000 = 18,000
b) 1/Req. Rate Return* loan amount
20,000/10% =$200,000
This encourages spending so there is a shift up and to the right.
As the government increases spending, demand for loans increases and therefore increases the interest rates.
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An investment center generated a contribution margin of $400,000, fixed costs of $200,000 and sales of $2,000,000. The center's average operating assets were $800,000. How much is the return on investment
Answer: 25%
Explanation:
Contribution margin = $400,000
Fixed costs = $200,000
Sales = $2,000,000
Average operating assets = $800,000
The return on investment will be:
= (contribution margin - fixed cost) / average operating assets
= (400000 - 200000) / 800,000
= 200000 / 800000
= 25%
The return in investment is 25%.
Dextra Computing sells merchandise for $16,000 cash on September 30 (cost of merchandise is $11,200). Dextra collects 9% sales tax. Record the entry for the $16,000 sale and its sales tax. Also record the entry that shows Dextra sending the sales tax on this sale to the government on October 15.
Answer:
See journal entries under the explanation below:
Explanation:
The journal entries will look as follows:
Dextra Computing
Journal Entries
Date Particulars Debit ($) Credit ($)
Sep 30 Cash 17.440
Sales 16,000
Sales Taxes Payable ($16,000 * 9%) 1,440
(To record the cash sale and 9% sales tax)
Cost of Goods Sold 11,200
Merchandise Inventory 11,200
(To record the cost of sales.)
Oct 15 Sales Taxes Payable ($16,000 * 9%) 1,440
Cash 1,440
(To record sending sales tax to the government.)
maketing căn bản là gì
Answer:
Basic marketing typically involves understanding customer needs, building and maintaining healthy relationships with them in order to scale up your business.
Explanation:
Marketing can be defined as the process of developing promotional techniques and sales strategies by a business firm, so as to enhance the availability of goods and services to meet the unending requirements, needs or wants of the end users or consumers through advertising and market research.
Basically, it comprises all the activities such as, identifying, anticipating set of medium and processes for creating, promoting, delivering, and exchanging goods and services that has value for customers.
Hence, basic marketing typically involves understanding customer needs, building and maintaining healthy relationships with them in order to scale up your business.
Marketing plan can be defined as the choices about product attributes, pricing, distribution, and communication strategy that a company blends and offer its targeted markets (customers) so as to build and maintain a desired response.
Generally, a marketing plan is made up of the four (4) Ps and these includes;
I. Product.
II. Price.
III. Place.
IV. Promotions.
The formula to determine the materials to be purchased is Multiple choice question. (budgeted production times materials required for each unit) plus budgeted ending materials inventory minus beginning materials inventory (budgeted production divided by materials required for each unit) plus budgeted ending materials inventory minus beginning materials inventory (budgeted production times materials required for each unit) minus budgeted ending materials inventory plus beginning materials inventory (budgeted production divided by materials required for each unit) minus budgeted ending materials inventory plus beginning materials inventory
Answer: (budgeted production times materials required for each unit) plus budgeted ending materials inventory minus beginning materials inventory.
Explanation:
Where do you see Dow Jones in the coming two years ?
A firm sells a product in a perfectly competitive market. The marginal cost of the product at the current output level of 500 units is $1.50. The minimum possible average variable cost is $1. The market price of the product is $1.25. To maximize profits, the firm should
Answer:
decrease production to less than 500 units
Explanation:
A parcel delivery company delivered 103,600 packages last year, when its average employment was 83 drivers. This year, the firm handled 112,160 deliveries with 93 drivers. What was the percentage change in productivity over the past years?
Answer: -3.38%
Explanation:
The percentage change in productivity over the past years will be calculated thus:
The Productivity will be the total packages handled divided by the number of drivers employed.
Last year Productivity will be:
= 103600/83
= 1248.19 packages per driver
This year Productivity will be:
= 112160/93
= 1206.02 packages per driver
Therefore, the percentage change in productivity = (This year Productivity - Last year Productivity) / (Last year Productivity) ×100
= [(1206.02-1248.19) / (1248.19)] × 100
= -42.17/1248.19 × 100
= -3.38%
