Answer:
converts elastic energy to mechanical energy
Explanation:
Which best describes the relationship between heat,intemal energy, and thermal energy?
Internal energy is heat that flows and heat is the part of thermal energy that can be transferred
Internal energy is thermal energy that flows, and thermal energy is the part of heat that can be transferred,
Thermal energy is heat that flows, and heat is the part of intemal energy that can be transferred
Heat is thermal energy that flows, and hennal energy is the part of internal energy that can be transferred.
Answer:
It is all a thermodynamic system that is highly related to each other.
Explanation:
Because they are in the physics of thermodynamics it is not wrong to say they follow the same thermodynamic rules and has highly the same properties of energy.
The working substance of a certain Carnot engine is 1.50 mol of an ideal monatomic gas. During the isothermal expansion portion of this engine's cycle, the volume of the gas doubles, while during the adiabatic expansion the volume increases by a factor of 5.7. The work output of the engine is 940 J in each cycle. Compute the temperatures of the two reservoirs between which this engine
operates.
Answer:
The hot temperature is 157.5 K
The cold temperature is 48.8 K
Explanation:
Step 1: Data given
The working substance of a certain Carnot engine is 1.50 mol of an ideal monatomic gas.
The volume increases by a factor of 5.7
The work output of the engine is 940 J in each cycle.
During the isothermal expansion portion of this engine's cycle, the volume of the gas doubles. This means V2 = 2*V1 (and V4 = 2*V3)
Step 2:For a carnot engine:
V2/V1 = V4/V3
Work = nR((T1)ln(V2/V1) - (T2)ln(V4/V3))
⇒with Work = the work done in the cycle = 940J
⇒with n = the number of moles = 1.50 moles
⇒with R = the gas constant = 8.314 J/mol*K
⇒with T1 = the hot temperature
⇒With T2⇒ the cold temperature
where R = 8.31 J/mol K Gas Constant
940J = 1.5moles * 8.314 J/mol*K * (T1*ln(2) - T2*ln(2)))
940 = 1.5 * 8.314 ln(2) * (T1-T2)
(T1-T2) = 940 / (1.5*8.314*ln(2))
(T1-T2) = 108.7K
For the reversible adiabatic expansion: T2 = T1*(V1/V2)^(R/Cv). Where V2/V1 = 5.7 (Because during the adiabatic expansion the volume increases by a factor of 5.7)
For a monatomic ideal gas, Cv = 3/2R
When we combine both, we'll have:
T2 = T1*(1/5.7)^(R/3/2R)
T2 = T1*(1/5.7)^(2/3)
T2= T1 * 0.31
Since we know that (T1-T2) = 108.7K
we have:
T1 - 0.31T1= 108.7K
0.69T1 = 108.7K
T1 = 157.5K
T2 = 157.5*0.31 = 48.8K
A particle charge of 2.7 µC is at the center of a Gaussian cube 55 cm on edge. What is the net electric flux through the surface?
Answer:
3.05×10⁵ Nm²C⁻¹
Explanation:
According to Gauss' law,
∅' = q/e₀............... Equation 1
Where ∅' = net flux through the surface, q = net charge, e₀ = electric permittivity of the space
From the question,
Given: q = 2.7 μC = 2.7×10⁻⁶ C,
Constant: e₀ = 8.85×10⁻¹² C²/N.m²
Substituting these values into equation 1
∅' = (2.7×10⁻⁶)/(8.85×10⁻¹²)
∅' = 3.05×10⁵ Nm²C⁻¹
The cable lifting an elevator is wrapped around a 1.1m diameter cylinder that is turned by the elevator's motor. The elevator is moving upward at a speed of 2.6 ms. It then slows to a stop, while the cylinder turns one complete revolution. How long does it take for the elevator to stop? Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
Answer:
t = 2.7 s
Explanation:
This is a kinematics problem.
How the elevator reduces its speed to zero by a distance equal to the length of the cylinder
y = 2π r = 2 π d / 2
y = π d
y = π 1.1
y = 3,456 m
now we can look for the acceleration of the system
v² = v₀² - 2 a y
0 = v₀² - 2 a y
a = v₀² / 2y
a = 2.6² / 2 3.456
a = 0.978 m / s²
now let's calculate the time
v = v₀ - a t
0 = v₀ - at
t = v₀ / a
t = 2.6 /0.978
t = 2.658 s
ask for the result with two significant figures
t = 2.7 s
A system gains 1500J of heat and 2200J of work is done by the system on its surroundings. Determine the change in internal energy of the system
Answer:
-700
formula is heat gained - work done
The change in internal energy if A system gains 1500J of heat and 2200J of work is done by the system on its surroundings, is 700 joules.
What is Energy?Energy is the ability to perform work in physics. It could exist in several different forms, such as potential, kinetic, thermal, electrical, chemical, radioactive, etc.
Additionally, there is heat and work, which is energy being transferred from one body to another. Energy is always assigned based on its nature once it has been transmitted. Thus, heat transmitted may manifest as thermal energy while work performed may result in mechanical energy.
Given:
A system gains 1500J of heat and 2200J of work is done by the system on its surroundings,
Calculate the change in internal energy as shown below,
The change in internal energy = heat gained - work done
The change in internal energy = 1500 - 2200
The change in internal energy = -700 J
Thus, the change in internal energy is 700 joules.
To know more about Energy:
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Q 26.12: Assume current flows in a cylindrical conductor in such a way that the current density increases linearly with radius, from zero at the center to 1.0 A/m2 at the surface of the conductor. If the conductor has a cross sectional area of 1.0 m2, what can you say about the current in this conductor
Answer:
The current is 0.67 A.
Explanation:
Density, J = 1 A/m^2
Area, A = 1 m^2
Let the radius is r. And outer is R.
Use the formula of current density
[tex]I = \int J dA = \int J 2\pi r dr\\\\I = \int_{0}^{R}\frac{2\pi r^2}{R} dr\\\\I = \frac{2 \pi R^2}{3}.... (1)Now A = \pi R^2\\\\1 =\pi R^2\\\\R^2 = \frac{1}{\pi}\\\\So, \\\\I = \frac{2\pi}{3}\times \frac{1}{\pi}\\\\I = 0.67 A[/tex]
A uniformly dense solid disk with a mass of 4 kg and a radius of 4 m is free to rotate around an axis that passes through the center of the disk and perpendicular to the plane of the disk. The rotational kinetic energy of the disk is increasing at 21 J/s. If the disk starts from rest through what angular displacement (in rad) will it have rotated after 3.3 s?
Answer:
3.44 rad
Explanation:
The rotational kinetic energy change of the disk is given by ΔK = 1/2I(ω² - ω₀²) where I = rotational inertia of solid sphere = MR²/2 where m = mass of solid disk = 4 kg and R = radius of solid disk = 4 m, ω₀ = initial angular speed of disk = 0 rad/s (since it starts from rest) and ω = final angular speed of disk
Since the kinetic energy is increasing at a rate of 21 J/s, the increase in kinetic energy in 3.3 s is ΔK = 21 J/s × 3.3 s = 69.3 J
So, ΔK = 1/2I(ω² - ω₀²)
Since ω₀ = 0 rad/s
ΔK = 1/2I(ω² - 0)
ΔK = 1/2Iω²
ΔK = 1/2(MR²/2)ω²
ΔK = MR²ω²/4
ω² = (4ΔK/MR²)
ω = √(4ΔK/MR²)
ω = 2√(ΔK/MR²)
Substituting the values of the variables into the equation, we have
ω = 2√(ΔK/MR²)
ω = 2√(69.3 J/( 4 kg × (4 m)²))
ω = 2√(69.3 J/[ 4 kg × 16 m²])
ω = 2√(69.3 J/64 kgm²)
ω = 2√(1.083 J/kgm²)
ω = 2 × 1.041 rad/s
ω = 2.082 rad/s
The angular displacement θ is gotten from
θ = ω₀t + 1/2αt² where ω₀ = initial angular speed = 0 rad/s (since it starts from rest), t = time of rotation = 3.3 s and α = angular acceleration = (ω - ω₀)/t = (2.082 rad/s - 0 rad/s)/3.3 s = 2.082 rad/s ÷ 3.3 s = 0.631 rad/s²
Substituting the values of the variables into the equation, we have
θ = ω₀t + 1/2αt²
θ = 0 rad/s × 3.3 s + 1/2 × 0.631 rad/s² (3.3 s)²
θ = 0 rad + 1/2 × 0.631 rad/s² × 10.89 s²
θ = 1/2 × 6.87159 rad
θ = 3.436 rad
θ ≅ 3.44 rad
A gymnast falls from a height onto a trampoline. For a moment, both the gymnast’s kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy are zero. How is the gymnast’s mechanical energy stored for that moment? Question 12 options: rest energy chemical energy elastic energy thermal energy
Answer:
elastic energy
Explanation:
When a gymnast falls on a trampoline from a height, after coming in contact with the trampoline, both the gymnast and the trampoline start to move down due to the elastic property of the trampoline.
During this stretching of the trampoline there comes a maximum point up to which the trampoline is stretched. At this point, both the kinetic energy and the gravitational potential energy of the gymnast are zero due to zero speed and zero height, respectively.
The only energy stored in the gymnast's body at this point is the elastic potential energy due to stretching of the trampoline. Hence,the correct option is:
elastic energy
Soap bubble coloring example:
(reflection, interference, refraction, diffraction)
Explanation:
Interference is the example of soap bubble colouringEXTRA INFO:(LOOK AT THE IMAGE)
An incoming light ray is partly reflected by the top surface of the soap film and partly reflected by the bottom surface. The wave reflected from the bottom surface has traveled further (an extra distance equal to twice the thickness of the film) so emerges out of step with the top wave. When the two waves meet, they add together, and some colors are removed by destructive interference. Where the film is thickest, the bubble appears more blueish; where it's thinner, it will look more violet or magenta.
[tex]\huge\bold\color{black}{ANSWER}[/tex]
Soap bubble coloring example: INTERFERENCE
Your cell phone typically consumes about 300 mW of power when you text a friend. If the phone is operated using a lithium-ion battery with a voltage of 3.5 V, what is the current (in A) flowing through the cell-phone circuitry under these circumstances
Answer:
I = 0.0857 A
Explanation:
Given that,
Power consumed by the cellphone, P = 300 mW
The voltage of the battery, V = 3.5 V
Let I is the current flowing through the cell-phone. We know that,
P = VI
Where
I is the current
So,
[tex]I=\dfrac{P}{V}\\\\I=\dfrac{300\times 10^{-3}}{3.5}\\\\I=0.0857\ A[/tex]
So, the current flowing the cell-phone is 0.0857 A.
Drawing a shows a displacement vector (450.0 m along the y axis). In this x, y coordinate system the scalar components are Ax 0 m and Ay 450.0 m. Suppose that the coordinate system is rotated counterclockwise by 35.0, but the magnitude (450.0 m) and direction of vector remain unchanged, as in drawing b. What are the scalar components, Ax and Ay, of the vector in the rotated x, y coordinate system
Answer:
x ’= 368.61 m, y ’= 258.11 m
Explanation:
To solve this problem we must find the projections of the point on the new vectors of the rotated system θ = 35º
x’= R cos 35
y’= R sin 35
The modulus vector can be found using the Pythagorean theorem
R² = x² + y²
R = 450 m
we calculate
x ’= 450 cos 35
x ’= 368.61 m
y ’= 450 sin 35
y ’= 258.11 m
In 1.0 second, a battery charger moves 0.50 C of charge from the negative terminal to the positive terminal of a 1.5 V AA battery.
Part A:
How much work does the charger do? Answer is 0.75 J
Part B:
What is the power output of the charger in watts?
Answer:
W = Q * V work done on charge Q
A. W = .5 C * 1.5 V = .75 Joules
B. P = W / t = .75 J / 1 sec = .75 Watts
Find a parametric representation for the surface. The plane through the origin that contains the vectors i - j and j - k
Answer:
parametric representation: x = u, y = v - u , z = - v
Explanation:
Given vectors :
i - j , j - k
represent the vector equation of the plane as:
r ( u, v ) = r₀ + ua + vb
where: r₀ = position vector
u and v = real numbers
a and b = nonparallel vectors
expressing the nonparallel vectors as :
a = i -j , b = j - k , r = ( x,y,z ) and r₀ = ( x₀, y₀, z₀ )
hence we can express vector equation of the plane as
r(u,v) = ( x₀ + u, y₀ - u + v, z₀ - v )
Finally the parametric representation of the surface through (0,0,0) i.e. origin = 0
( x, y , z ) = ( x₀ + u, y₀ - u + v, z₀ - v )
x = 0 + u ,
y = 0 - u + v
z = 0 - v
∴ parametric representation: x = u, y = v - u , z = - v
An electric lamp consumes 60W at 220 volts. How many dry cells of 1.5 V and internal resistance 1 Ohm are required to glow the lamp?
Answer:
1. Number of dry cells of 1.5 V required is 40.
2. Number of internal resistance of 1 ohm required is 807
Explanation:
We'll begin by calculating the resistance. This can be obtained as follow:
Power (P) = 60 W
Voltage (V) = 220 V
Resistance (R) =?
P = V²/R
60 = 220² / R
Cross multiply
60 × R = 220²
60 × R = 48400
Divide both side by 60
R = 48400 / 60
R ≈ 807 Ohm
1. Determination of the number of dry cells of 1.5 V required.
Voltage (V) = 220
Dry Cells = 1.5 V
Number of dry cells (n) =?
n = Voltage / Dry cells
n = 60 / 1.5
n = 40
2. Determination of the number of internal resistance of 1 ohm required.
Resistance (R) = 807 Ohm
Internal resistance (r) = 1 ohm
Number of internal resistance (n) =?
n = R/r
n = 807 / 1
n = 807
SUMMARY:
1. Number of dry cells of 1.5 V required is 40.
2. Number of internal resistance of 1 ohm required is 807
as the ball rises the vertical component of it's velocity_____. explain
Answer:
Decreases
Explanation:
because its moving against gravitational attraction and at maximum height its velocity will be and it will decrease until it reaches maximum height and the start to increase again
You walk into a room and you see 4 chickens on a bed 2 cows on the floor and 2 cats in a chair. How many legs are on the ground? (I know this answer just a riddle to see who knows it) (:
Answer:
18
Explanation:
I'm pretty sure I got it right
Container A and container B hold samples of the same ideal gas. The volume and the pressure of container A is equal to the volume and pressure of container B, respectively. If Container A has half as many molecules of the ideal gas in it as Container B does, then which of the following mathematical statements is correct regarding the absolute temperatures TA and TB in Container A and Container B. respectively?
A. TA = TB/2.
B. TA = 4TB.
C. TA = TB/4.
D. TA = 2TB.
E. TA = TB
Answer:
A. TA = TB/2.
Explanation:
Since container A has half as many molecules of the ideal gas in it as container B. Therefore, container A will have half the volume of gas as in container B:
[tex]V_A = \frac{1}{2}V_B[/tex]
Now, from Charle's Law:
[tex]\frac{V_A}{T_A}=\frac{V_B}{T_B}\\\\\frac{1}{2}\frac{V_B}{T_A}=\frac{V_B}{T_B}\\\\T_A = \frac{T_B}{2}[/tex]
Hence, the correct option is:
A. TA = TB/2.
A room has dimensions of 15 ft by 15 ft by 20 ft contains air with a density of 0.0724 pounds-mass per cubic feet. The weight of air in the room in pounds-force is
Answer:
the weight of the air in pound-force (lb-f) is 325.8 lbf
Explanation:
Given;
dimension of the room, = 15 ft by 15 ft by 20 ft
density of air in the room, ρ = 0.0724 lbm/ft³
The volume of air in the room is calculated as;
Volume = 15 ft x 15 ft x 20 ft = 4,500 ft³
The mass of the air is calculated as;
mass = density x volume
mass = 0.0724 lbm/ft³ x 4,500 ft³
mass = 325.8 lb-m
The weight of the air is calculated as;
Weight = mass x gravity
Weight = 325.8 lb-m x 32.174 ft/s²
Weight = 10482.29 lbm.ft/s²
The weight of the air in pound-force (lb-f) is calculated as;
1 lbf = 32.174 lbm.ft/s²
[tex]Weight =10,482.29\ lbm.ft/s^2\times \frac{1 \ lbf}{32.174 \ lbm.ft/s^2} \\\\Weight = 325.8 \ lbf[/tex]
Therefore, the weight of the air in pound-force (lb-f) is 325.8 lbf
190 students sit in an auditorium listening to a physics lecture. Because they are thinking hard, each is using 125 W of metabolic power, slightly more than they would use at rest. An air conditioner with a COP of 5.0 is being used to keep the room at a constant temperature. What minimum electric power must be used to operate the air conditioner?
Answer:
W = 4.75 KW
Explanation:
First, we will calculate the heat to be removed:
Q = (No. of students)(Metabolic Power of Each Student)
Q = (190)(125 W)
Q = 23750 W = 23.75 KW
Now the formula of COP is:
[tex]COP = \frac{Q}{W}\\\\W = \frac{Q}{COP}\\\\W = \frac{23.75\ KW}{5}\\\\[/tex]
W = 4.75 KW
if Petrol diesel etc catches fire one should never try to extinguish in using water why?
Answer:
because both petrol and diesel are oil
Explanation:
oil floats on water that's why if we will try to extinguish with water so the fire will float on water
hope u like my answer
please mark methe brainest
A bullet with mass 5.35 g is fired horizontally into a 2.174-kg block attached to a horizontal spring. The spring has a constant 6.17 102 N/m and reaches a maximum compression of 6.34 cm.
(a) Find the initial speed of the bullet-block system.
(b) Find the speed of the bullet.
Answer:
a)[tex]V=1.067\: m/s[/tex]
b)[tex]v=434.65\: m/s [/tex]
Explanation:
a)
Using the conservation of energy between the moment when the bullet hit the block and the maximum compression of the spring.
[tex]\frac{1}{2}MV^{2}=\frac{1}{2}k\Delta x^{2}[/tex]
Where:
M is the bullet-block mass (0.00535 kg + 2.174 kg = 2.17935 kg)V is the speed of the systemk is the spring constant (6.17*10² N/m)Δx is the compression of the spring (0.0634 m)Then, let's find the initial speed of the bullet-block system.
[tex]V^{2}=\frac{k\Delta x^{2}}{M}[/tex]
[tex]V=\sqrt{\frac{6.17*10^{2}*0.0634^{2}}{2.17935}}[/tex]
[tex]V=1.067\: m/s[/tex]
b)
Using the conservation of momentum we can find the velocity of the bullet.
[tex]mv=MV[/tex]
[tex]v=\frac{MV}{m}[/tex]
[tex]v=\frac{2.17935*1.067}{0.00535}[/tex]
[tex]v=434.65\: m/s [/tex]
I hope it helps you!
While an object near the earths surface is in free fall, its
A) velocity increases
B) acceleration increases
Answer:
a
Explanation:
The rate of change of an object's location with relation to a reference point is its velocity, which is dependent on time. when an object is dropped from space at rest (t = 0) under the influence of gravity, the velocity of the object changes and increases with time while the acceleration decreases.
Part B
What is the approximate amount of thrust you need to apply to the lander to keep its velocity roughly constant? Explain why, using Newton's first
law of motion.
Answer:
Force is zero.
Explanation:
According to the Newton's second law, when an object is moving with an acceleration the force acting on the object is directly proportional to the rate of change of momentum of the object.
F = m a
if the object is moving with uniform velocity, the acceleration is zero, and thus, the force is also zero.
Answer: Near the moon’s surface, a thrust over 11,250 N but under 13,500 N would make it travel at a constant vertical velocity.
Explanation: .Newton’s first law of motion states that an object in motion continues to move in a straight line at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. In accordance with this law, the lunar lander moves in a downward direction toward the surface of the moon under the influence of force due to gravity. A thrust somewhere between 11,250 and 13,500 balances this gravitational force out.
For a research project, a student needs a solenoid that produces an interior magnetic field of 0.0100 T. She decides to use a current of 1.00 A and a wire 0.500 mm in diameter. She winds the solenoid in layers on an insulating form 1.00 cm in diameter and 20.0 cm long.
Determine the number of layers of wire needed. (Round your answer up to the nearest integer.)
Determine the total length of the wire. (Use the integer number of layers and the average layer diameter.)
Answer:
[tex]n=3.8[/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that:
Magnetic Field [tex]B=0.01T[/tex]
Current [tex]I=1.00[/tex]
Wire Diameter [tex]d_w=0.5*10^3m[/tex]
Layers Diameter [tex]d_l=1*10^2m[/tex]
Length [tex]l=0.2m[/tex]
Generally the equation for number of layers is mathematically given by
[tex]n=\frac{Bd_w}{\mu_o I}[/tex]
Where
[tex]Vacuum\ permeability=\mu_0[/tex]
[tex]n= \frac{0.01*0.5*10^3m}{4 \pi *10^{-7}*1 }[/tex]
[tex]n=3.8[/tex]
Two charged particles exert an electric force of 27 N on each other. What will the magnitude of the force be if the distance between the particles is reduced to one-third of the original separation
Answer:
243 N
Explanation:
The formula for electromagnetic force is F= Kq1q2/r^2
where r is the distance between the charges, if the distance between the charges is reduced by 1/3 then F will increase by 9 [(1/3r)^2 becomes 1/9r which is 9F] so 27*9 is 243N
Which one is the better material to use for an inexpensive compass? hard iron, soft iron, or any conductor
Answer:
Soft iron
Explanation:
Which physical phenomenon is illustrated by the fact that the prism has different refractive indices for different colors
Answer:
The incoming white light is composed of light of different colors,
Since these different colors have different refractive indices they are refracted at different angles from one another.
The output light is then separated by color creating a color spectrum.
Since n is greater for shorter wavelengths (violet colors) these wavelengths are refracted thru the larger angles.
A spacecraft on its way to Mars has small rocket engines mounted on its hull; one on its left surface and one on its back surface. At a certain time, both engines turn on. The one on the left gives the spacecraft an acceleration component in the x direction of
ax = 5.10 m/s2,
while the one on the back gives an acceleration component in the y direction of
ay = 7.30 m/s2.
The engines turn off after firing for 670 s, at which point the spacecraft has velocity components of
vx = 3670 m/s and vy = 4378 m/s.
What was the magnitude and the direction of the spacecraft's initial velocity before the engines were turned on? Express the magnitude as m/s and the direction as an angle measured counterclockwise from the +x axis.
magnitude m/s
direction ° counterclockwise from the +x-axis
Answer:
a) v = 517.99 m / s, b) θ = 296.3º
Explanation:
This is an exercise in kinematics, we are going to solve each axis independently
X axis
the acceleration is aₓ = 5.10 1 / S², they are on for t = 670 s and reaches a speed of vₓ= 3670 m / s, let's use the relation
vₓ = v₀ₓ + aₓ t
v₀ₓ = vₓ - aₓ t
v₀ₓ = 3670 - 5.10 670
v₀ₓ = 253 m / s
Y axis
the acceleration is ay = 7.30 m / s², with a velocity of 4378 m / s after
t = 670 s
v_y = v_{oy} + a_y t
v_{oy} = v_y - a_y t
v_oy} = 4378 - 7.30 670
v_{oy} = -513 m / s
to find the velocity modulus we use the Pythagorean theorem
v = [tex]\sqrt{v_o_x^2 + v_o_y^2}[/tex]
v = [tex]\sqrt{253^2 +513^2}[/tex]
v = 517.99 m / s
to find the direction we use trigonometry
tan θ ’= [tex]\frac{v_o_y}{v_o_x}[/tex]
θ'= tan⁻¹ [tex]\frac{voy}{voy}[/tex]
θ'= tan⁻¹ (-513/253)
tea '= -63.7
the negative sign indicates that it is below the ax axis, in the fourth quadrant
to give this angle from the positive side of the axis ax
θ = 360 - θ
θ = 360 - 63.7
θ = 296.3º
A ball is launched from the ground with a horizontal speed of 30 m/s and a vertical speed of 30 m/s. How long will it take to get to the top of its trajectory? A. 3 seconds B. 4 seconds C. 2 seconds D. 6 seconds
Answer:
A (3 seconds)
Explanation:
Well here we have a type of motion called projectile motion and it is pretty similar to an upside down parabola. The top of the trajectory is the vertex of the parabola and is also when v=0.
Lets identify our givens.
Givens:
Horizontal speed= 30m/s
Vertical Speed= 30 m/s
Since the ball is in freefall after being launched ay=-g(take up to be positive) and ax=0
The ball is launched from the ground so y0=0
Final vertical velocity= 0
This problem is now relatively easy because we only need to find the vertical distance so we can ignore horizontal speed and use
vy=vy0+ayt
Plug in our givens
0=30-10t
solve for t
t=3 seconds
A 2.0 kg wood block is launched up a wooden ramp that is inclined at a 30˚ angle. The block’s initial speed is 10 m/s. What vertical height does the block reach above its starting point? Use the coefficients μk=0.20 andμs=0.50.
Answer:
The wood block reaches a height of 4.249 meters above its starting point.
Explanation:
The block represents a non-conservative system, since friction between wood block and the ramp is dissipating energy. The final height that block can reach is determined by Principle of Energy Conservation and Work-Energy Theorem. Let suppose that initial height has a value of zero and please notice that maximum height reached by the block is when its speed is zero.
[tex]\frac{1}{2}\cdot m \cdot v^{2} = m \cdot g\cdot h + \mu_{k}\cdot m\cdot g\cdot s \cdot \sin \theta[/tex]
[tex]\frac{1}{2}\cdot v^{2} = g\cdot h + \mu_{k}\cdot g\cdot \left(\frac{h}{\sin \theta} \right)\cdot \sin \theta[/tex]
[tex]\frac{1}{2}\cdot v^{2} = g\cdot h +\mu_{k}\cdot g\cdot h[/tex]
[tex]\frac{1}{2}\cdot v^{2} = (1 +\mu_{k})\cdot g\cdot h[/tex]
[tex]h = \frac{v^{2}}{2\cdot (1 + \mu_{k})\cdot g}[/tex] (1)
Where:
[tex]h[/tex] - Maximum height of the wood block, in meters.
[tex]v[/tex] - Initial speed of the block, in meters per second.
[tex]\mu_{k}[/tex] - Kinetic coefficient of friction, no unit.
[tex]g[/tex] - Gravitational acceleration, in meters per square second.
[tex]m[/tex] - Mass, in kilograms.
[tex]s[/tex] - Distance travelled by the wood block along the wooden ramp, in meters.
[tex]\theta[/tex] - Inclination of the wooden ramp, in sexagesimal degrees.
If we know that [tex]v = 10\,\frac{m}{s}[/tex], [tex]\mu_{k} = 0.20[/tex] and [tex]g = 9.807\,\frac{m}{s^{2}}[/tex], then the height reached by the block above its starting point is:
[tex]h = \frac{\left(10\,\frac{m}{s} \right)^{2}}{2\cdot (1+0.20)\cdot \left(9.807\,\frac{m}{s^{2}} \right)}[/tex]
[tex]h = 4.249\,m[/tex]
The wood block reaches a height of 4.249 meters above its starting point.
