renal calculi contain crystallized calcium, magnesium, and uric acid. explain why patients with hyperparathyroidism would be at risk for developing renal calculi.

Answers

Answer 1

Patients with hyperparathyroidism would be at risk for developing renal calculi because of high calcium levels excreted by the kidney.

Hyperparathyroidism occurs when there is over secretion of parathyroid hormone by the parathyroid glands.

The parathyroid hormone is responsible for the following in the body:

Release of calcium by bones into the bloodstream.

Absorption of calcium from food by the intestines, and

Conservation of calcium by the kidneys.

Renal calculi are strong masses of stones deposited in the kidneys or urinary bladder.

When there is excess calcium in the blood due to hyperparathyroidism, the kidneys would be over burdened with the excretion of excess calcium.

That extra calcium in the kidney & the urine leads to kidney stone development ( renal calculi).

Therefore, patients with hyperparathyroidism would be at risk for developing renal calculi because of high calcium levels excreted by the kidney.

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Related Questions

Solid calcium hydroxide is dissolved in water until the pH of the solution is 11.44. The hydroxide ion concentration [OH–] of the solution is:______.A. 1.1 * 10-11 M.B. 3.06 M.C. 8.7 * 10-4 M.D. 1.0 * 10-14 M.E. None of these.

Answers

Answer:

c the answer is c that is the answer

What is the theoretical yield of sodium chloride when 8.3 g of sodium is reacted with 4.5 g of chlorine? 2Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2NaCl(s)

Answers

The theoretical yield of sodium chloride when 8.3 g of sodium react with 4.5 g of chlorine is 3.30 g

We'll begin calculating the masses of Na and Cl that reacted and the mass of NaCl produced from the balanced equation.

2Na + Cl₂ —> 2NaCl

Molar mass of Na = 23 g/mol

Mass of Na from the balanced equation = 2 × 23 = 46 g

Molar mass of Cl₂ = 2 × 35.5 = 71 g/mol

Mass of Cl₂ from the balanced equation = 1 × 71 = 71 g

Molar mass of NaCl = 23 + 35.5 = 58.5 g/mol

Mass of NaCl from the balanced equation = 2 × 58.5 = 117 g

SUMMARY

From the balanced equation above,

46 g of Na reacted with 71 g of Cl₂ to produce 117 g of NaCl

Next, we shall determine the limiting reactant.

From the balanced equation above,

46 g of Na reacted with 71 g of Cl₂

Therefore,

8.3 g of Na will react with = (8.3 × 71)/46 = 12.81 g of Cl₂

From the calculation made above, we can see that a higher amount (i.e 12.81 g) of Cl₂ than what was given (i.e 4.5 g) is needed to react completely with 8.3 g of Na.

Therefore, Cl₂ is the limiting reactant and Na is the excess reactant

Finally, we shall determine the theoretical yield of NaCl by using the limiting reactant (i.e Cl₂)

From the balanced equation above,

71 g of Cl₂ reacted to produce 117 g of NaCl.

Therefore,

4.5 g of Cl₂ will react to produce = (4.5 × 117)/71 = 3.30 g of NaCl

Thus, the theoretical yield of NaCl produced is 3.30 g

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Answer:

The correct answer is 7.4 g NaCl

Explanation:

What is the unabbreviated electron configuration for Barium?

Answers

Answer:

[Xe] 6s2

Explanation:

hope it helps Electron configuration

Add 2 teaspoons of baking soda and 2 teaspoons of citric acid to the foam cup. Add the half cup of water to the cup and stir. What is the temperature?

Answers

Answer:

Test for carbon dioxide gas.

The reaction between baking soda and citric acid will form sodium ions, citric acid ions, carbon dioxide gas, and water. So all you have to do is add the gas produced (by gas displacement method or something) and test whether the gas is carbon dioxide, with lime water or other methods like hydrogencarbonate indicator. Hope this helped!

Explanation:

Answer:

depends on amount, but the reaction's endothermic (meaning its cold, absorbs heat from surroundings)

I hope it helps.

Answer please
.............................................................

Answers

    This is not exactly a answer you can use but this is some information that you can use to find out the answer.

    You can usually confirm the charge associate degree particle unremarkably has by the element's position on the periodic table: The alkali metals (the IA elements) lose one negatron to create a ion with a 1+ charge. The alkaline-earth metal metals (IIA elements) lose 2 electrons to create a 2+ ion.

    Nonmetals type negative ions (anions). A range 7|chemical element|element|gas} atom should gain 3 electrons to possess an equivalent number of electrons as AN atom of the subsequent gas, neon. Thus, a gas atom can type AN ion with 3 additional electrons than protons and a charge of 3−.

which of the following molecules can form hydrogen bonds with others like it?

Answers

Answer:

nitrogen, oxygen and fluorine

An electrochemical cell operates because the electrodes in the two half-cells differ in their electrical potential. A metal electrode composed of ______ reducing agent will have a greater electrical potential to push electrons toward the electrode composed of a ______ reducing agent.

Answers

A metal electrode composed of  strong reducing agent will have a greater

electrical potential to push electrons toward the electrode composed of a

weak reducing agent.

Strong reducing agents are compounds which donates or loses electrons

with a corresponding increase in the oxidation state. Weak reducing agents

can also be referred to as oxidizing agents and they accept the electrons

from the strong reducing agents which results in a reduction in the oxidation

state.

The strong reducing agent has a greater electric potential which aids the

electrons being pushed towards the electrodes with a weak reducing agent.

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Oxygen and Oxygen Ionic or Covalent? Defense how do you know

Answers

Answer:

oxygen are covalent bonds because they require 2 more electrons to obtain their octet shell

so when they combine with any other element, they form a covalent bond

Explanation:

Oxygen requires two shared electrons to fill its outermost shell therefore to covalent bonds form.

what is the periodic trend for electronegativity

Answers

Answer:

mark me brainlest

Explanation:

Electronegativity values generally increase from left to right across the periodic table. Electronegativities generally decrease from top to bottom of a group. The highest electronegativity value is for fluorine.

Answer:

       "Electronegativity increases as you move from left to right across a period because the number of charges on the nucleus increases." (sstudy30 on Quizlet)

Explanation:

    It explains itself haha!

Have a nice day!

    I hope this is what you are looking for, but if not - comment! I will edit and update my answer accordingly. (ノ^∇^)

- Heather

the factor that governs the formula of an ionic compound such as ca3n2 is

Answers

Answer:

the charge or oxidation number on the cation and anion.

Explanation:

The factor that governs the formula of an ionic compound such as Ca3N2 is the charge or oxidation number on the cation and anion.

In the example, Ca has a +2 charge, N has a -3 charge

So we need 3 x ( +2) to balance 2 x (-3) and have an electrically neutral compound, so

+6 -6 =0

The factor that governs the formula of an ionic compound such as Ca₃N₂ is charge.

What are ionic compounds?

Those compounds in which ionic bond is present between the cation and anion is known as ionic compound.

The most important factor that is essential for the formation of ionic compounds are charge i.e. positive charge and negative charge. In the given compound Ca₃N₂, Calcium (Ca) is present in the +2 oxidation state and Nitrogen is present in the -3 oxidation state. So due to attraction between these charges they make a ionic compound.

Hence charge is important factor.

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why does helium fusion require higher temperatures

Answers

Answer:

Nuclear fusion of hydrogen to form helium occurs naturally in the sun and other stars. It takes place only at extremely high temperatures. That's because a great deal of energy is needed to overcome the force of repulsion between the positively charged nuclei.

Explanation:

hope it helps

Why are you more likely to become dehydrated in hot weather?

Answers

Answer:

sweat

Explanation:

you get dehydrated in hot weather because your body will release sweat to try and keep you cool

Answer:

Well, the heat can sometimes be very subtle in how it affects the body. If you're out in the sun, it can take just 30 minutes or up to a few hours for the heat to cause dehydration, nausea or it could cause trouble concentrating. When it's hot and humid, your risk of dehydration and heat illness increases. That's because when the air is humid, sweat can't evaporate and cool you as quickly as it normally does, and this can lead to an increased body temperature and the need for more fluids.

I HOPE DAT THIS HELPS :)

Explanation:

What is an ionic bond.

Answers

Answer:

ionic bond is the type of bond formed from electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ion in a chemical compound

I NEED THE ANSWER ASAP! Its science btw

Which statement describes conditions in which a mineral can form?
A. Crystals of minerals dissolve in the groundwater in caves.

B. Materials dissolved in seawater crystallize on an ocean bottom.

C. Molten materials are cooled in a netalworks factory

D. Materials are mined from deposits deep underground.​

Answers

A. Crystals of minerals dissolve in the groundwater in caves

Answer:

b

Explanation:

Which type of dry-chemical fixed application method introduces a concentration of agent into a closed area

Answers

Actuating mechanism is the dry-chemical fixed application method which

introduces a concentration of agent into a closed area.

The actuating mechanism is commonly used in piping systems and

involves the transport of a control member in automatic or remote control

systems.

The closed system makes manual navigation very difficult which is why the

actuating mechanism in automatic systems are usually used to make it less

tedious and accurate.

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How many dozens of silver atoms are in the piece of jewelry?.

Answers

the piece of jewelry contains 5.08x10 21to the power dozen Ag atoms.

DO the postulates of daltons atomic theory explain the law of consrevetion of mass and thelaw of constant composition

Answers

Answer:

see answer

Explanation:

DO the postulates of Daltons atomic theory explain the law of conservation of mass and the law of constant composition.

Dalton's Atomic Theory Postulates

1. Everything is composed of atoms, which are the indivisible building blocks of matter and cannot be destroyed or divided any further.

2. All atoms of a single pure element are the same in size and mass

3. Atoms of different elements vary from each other in size and mass.

4. Compounds are produced through different simple whole-number combinations of atoms to produce molecules.  

5. Anywhere a compound exists, it will have the same atoms in the same ratio.

6. A chemical reaction between compounds is a re-arrangement of atoms

The law of conservation of mass is shown in 2, 4. and 5.

The law of constant co,position is shown in 2, 4, 5, and 6

Convert 1.56x10^30 particles of sodium chloride to grams of sodium chloride

Answers

Answer:

I cannot tell yet

Explanation:

I don't take that class yet but ill get back to you

what is the difference in chemical energy between organic and inorganic materials?

Answers

Answer:

the difference is  the presence of a carbon atom

Explanation:

Infrared waves travel at a speed of 3.00 x 10^8 m/s. What is the frequency of an infrared wave
that has a vacuum wavelength of 5.5 micrometers?
(1 micrometer= 1x10^-6 m)
O 5.5 X 10^12 Hz
O 5.5 x 10^10 Hz
O 5.5 X 10^11 Hz
O 5.5 X 10^13 Hz

Answers

The frequency of the infrared wave at the given speed and wavelength is [tex]5.5 \times 10^{13} \ Hz[/tex].

The given parameters;

speed of the wave, v = 3 x 10⁸ m/swavelength of the wave, λ = 5.5 μm

The frequency of the infrared wave is calculated by using wave equation as shown below;

v = fλ

where;

f is the frequency of the wave

[tex]f = \frac{v}{\lambda} \\\\f = \frac{3\times 10^8}{5.5 \times 10^{-6}} \\\\f = 5.5 \times 10^{13} \ Hz[/tex]

Thus, the frequency of the infrared wave at the given speed and wavelength is [tex]5.5 \times 10^{13} \ Hz[/tex].

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22) Calculate the energy of a photon of radiation with a frequency of 9.50 x 1013 Hz.

Answers

The energy of the photon with a frequency of 9.50×10¹³ Hz is 6.29×10¯²⁰ J

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

Frequency (f) = 9.50×10¹³ Hz

Planck's constant (h) = 6.626×10¯³⁴ Js

Energy (E) =?

The energy of the photon can be obtained as follow:

E = hf

E = 6.626×10¯³⁴ × 9.50×10¹³

E = 6.29×10¯²⁰ J

Therefore, the energy of the photon is 6.29×10¯²⁰ J

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a. What are the half-reactions for the redox reaction CuCl2 + Zn → ZnCl2 + Cu? Label the oxidation
reaction and the reduction reaction. (1 point)
PLS HELP 100 points

Answers

The oxidation half equation is Zn ------> Zn^2+ + 2e while the reduction half equation is Cu^2+  + 2e------> Cu.

A redox reaction is a reaction in which there is a loss/gain of electrons. The specie that gives out electrons experiences an increase in oxidation number while the specie that gains the electrons experiences a decrease in oxidation number.

For the reaction; CuCl2 + Zn → ZnCl2 + Cu

The oxidation half equation is;

Zn ------> Zn^2+ + 2e

The reduction half equation is;

Cu^2+  + 2e------> Cu

The chloride ion is excluded because its oxidation number does not change from left to right in the reaction.

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The burning of fossil fuels contributes to the addition of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. These gases trap thermal energy in the Earth’s atmosphere. Which of the following would be the most reasonable changes that could result from an increase in the burning of fossil fuels?

Answers

Explanation:

The burning of fossil fuels contributes to the addition of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. These gases trap thermal energy in the Earth's atmosphere.

The materials which contain hydrocarbons which are generated from the remains of decay of plants and animals that are buried underground for many years are called fossil fuels.

What causes by burning fossil fuels?

The burning of fossil fuels can affect the environment, climatic conditions and human health. The burning of fossil fuels produces large amount of green house gases like CO₂, CH₄, etc. The increase in the amount of green house gases increases the heat and temperature of the earth's surface which leads to global warming.

The increase of temperature due to global warming can cause rise in the sea level, the glaciers of the earth will melt and coastal areas will be submerged under water due to this.

The burning of fossil fuels also releases toxic gases like SO₂, NO₂ which can cause acid rain and the emission these gases causes air pollution.

Thus the burning of fossil fuels has adverse effects.

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What mass of water absorbs 6700 J of heat to raise the temperature from 283K to 318K?​

Answers

Answer:

you did not give the specific heat like formula like it takes 1kj to raise 28grams of water by 10 grams

if your going down a hill what type of energy are you making?

Answers

Answer:

Gravitational potential energy - into Kinetic energy

Explanation:

answer is kinetic energy

mr. garcia uses magnets to hold a poster on a steel filing cabinet because a main component of steel is iron. carbon. plastic. glass.

Answers

Iron because iron is the only one magnetic of the three

Mr. garcia uses magnets to hold a poster on a steel filing cabinet because a main component of steel is iron.

What is iron?

The chemical element iron has the atomic number 26 and the symbol Fe. It is a metal that is found in group 8 of a periodic table and the first transition series. It makes up a large portion of the planet's outer or inner core and is the most prevalent element on Earth by mass, just ahead of oxygen.

It is the fourth most prevalent element in the crust of the Earth, having been mostly deposited by meteorites inside its metallic state, along with its ores. Iron ores must be processed in kilns or furnaces that may reach 5000 °C (2,730 °F) and higher, which is approximately 500 °C (932 °F) greater than the temperature needed to smelt copper. Mr. garcia uses magnets to hold a poster on a steel filing cabinet because a main component of steel is iron.

Therefore, mr. garcia uses magnets to hold a poster on a steel filing cabinet because a main component of steel is iron.

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An unknown element sample has 2 isotopes present. The first isotope has a mass of 6.017 amu and is
7.30% abundant. The second has a mass of 7.018 amu and an abundance of 92.7%. Calculate the
average atomic mass of this element

Answers

Answer:

Calculating Atomic Mass

Change each percent abundance into decimal form by dividing by 100. Multiply this value by the atomic mass of that isotope. Add together for each isotope to get the average atomic mass.

Explanation:

have a nice day

How do mixtures differ from substances?

Answers

Answer:

In chemistry: a pure substance consists only of one element or one compound. a mixture consists of two or more different substances, not chemically joined together.

Hope this helps :)

0.0200 moles of a compound is found to have a mass of 1.64 g. Find the formula mass of the compound
Give your answers to 3 significant figures

Answers

Answer: 82.0 g/mole

Explanation:

Use the units to see that if we divide 1.64 grams by 0.0200 moles, we'll get a number that is grams/mole, the definition of formula mass.

1.64/0.0200 = 82.0 g/mole (3 sig figs)

We can't tell from this alone what the molecular formula might be, but C6H10 (cyclohexene) comes close (82.1 grams/mole).

The formula mass of the compound will be approximately 82.0 g/mol

The formula mass of the compound is the sum of atomic masses of all the atoms in its chemical formula. It is calculated by adding up the atomic masses of the individual elements in the compound, each multiplied by the subscript indicating the number of atoms of that element in the formula.

To find the formula mass of the compound, we'll use the relationship between moles, mass, and molar mass.

Molar mass (in g/mol) = Mass (in g)/Moles

Given:

Mass = 1.64 g

Moles = 0.0200 moles

Let's plug the values and calculate molar mass:

Molar mass = 1.64 g / 0.0200 moles

Molar mass ≈ 82.0 g/mol

The formula mass of the compound is approximately 82.0 g/mol, rounded to three significant figures.

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2. What mass of water absorbs 6700 J of heat to raise the temperature from 283K to 318K?​

Answers

Answer:

Q = mcT ...you can either substitute the molar heat capacity of water in the place of c or the specific heat capacity of water.

Explanation:

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