Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disease caused by mutation of the PAH gene, which normally produces the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxase. This enzyme is essential for the conversion of the amino acid phenylalanine into tyrosine. Without the enzyme, phenylalanine builds up in the blood and tissues of various body regions. It can produce severe skin discolorations and foul odor, but also intellectual disabilities and behavioral problems. Some people may experience only one type of PKU symptoms and not the others. PKU is an example of

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The correct answer is - Pleiotropy.

Explanation:

Pleiotropy is the number of disorders where multiple, and unrelated organ systems are affected in the body of an individual. Phenylketonuria (PKU) is the most cited example of pleiotropy in humans.

It is an inherited disorder that is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase due to mutation in the PAH gene, This enzyme is necessary to convert the essential amino acid phenylalanine to tyrosine. By this disorder, multiple organ systems are affected such as severe skin discolorations and foul odor, and other intellectual disabilities and behavioral problems.


Related Questions

Is the Use of energy to move particles against the concentration gradient

Answers

Answer:

During active transport, substances move against the concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. This process is “active” because it requires the use of energy (usually in the form of ATP). It is the opposite of passive transport.

A pseudogene is a Group of answer choices second copy of a gene that functions when the original copy becomes damaged. gene that is unrelated in sequence to another gene but has the same function. gene that evolved by gene duplication and the acquisition of mutations to yield a gene product that has a slightly different function from that of the original gene product. gene that arose through gene duplication, but by acquiring mutations became nonfunctional.

Answers

Answer: Gene that arose through gene duplication, but by acquiring mutations became nonfunctional.

Explanation:

A gene is a functional unit of heredity formed by DNA. They possess a sequence of nitrogenous bases that during translation is read by ribosomes to produce molecules called proteins.  A pseudogene is a DNA sequence that resembles a gene, but which has been inactivated in the course of evolution by mutations in its sequence. Thus, it is a gene that derives from other known genes and whose functions are different, may have lost their functionality or have radically changed it. To this day, it is not known exactly how pseudogenes are created, however some theories are as follows:

1. A gene duplication can generate two copies of a gene when only one is needed. A mutation would then occur that deactivates one of the copies. In addition, the duplication event may not be complete, so that the copy has incomplete promoters.  

2. They may be fragments of the messenger RNA transcript of a gene may be spontaneously reverse transcribed and inserted into the chromosomal DNA. They lack the promoters of normal genes, so they are not expressed normally.

3. A gene may become non-functional or inactivated if such a mutation becomes fixed in the population. This can occur by normal means such as natural selection or genetic drift.

Question 23 of 32
The diagram below represents the time a cell spends in the two main phases
of the cell cycle. In which phase does a cell spend more time?
O A. Meiosis
B. Prophase
C. Interphase
O D. Mitosis

Answers

Interphase is the answer to your question

girl is that mold on your screen?

draw a flowchart showcasing the process of scientific learning .also mention a short description of each of the step in the chart. ​

Answers

Answer:

The scientific method is a system of exploring the world around us, asking and answering questions, and making predictions. Scientists use the scientific method because it is objective and based on evidence. A hypothesis is fundamental to the scientific method. A hypothesis can take the form of an explanation or a prediction. There are several ways to break down the steps of the scientific method, but it always involves forming a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and determining whether or not the hypothesis is correct. If the hypothesis is rejected, this does not mean the experiment was a failure. In fact, if you proposed a null hypothesis (the easiest to test), rejecting the hypothesis may be sufficient to state the results. Sometimes, if the hypothesis is rejected, you reformulate the hypothesis or discard it and then go back to the experimentation stage.

The process of scientific learning refers to the various steps via which one can examine and study our environment to understand it. Once understanding or know-how is achieved, then technology is said to have advanced further.

It starts with making observations. Now because of the limitation of our senses, it is important not to jump to conclusions. The next step is to form a hypothesis based on the observation madeWhen you have arrived at a hypothesis, you can now carry out a controlled experiment where you collect further data and reach conclusions based on the experimentIf the hypothesis is in line with your observation, you publish resultsIf the hypothesis is null, you also publish results, then review your hypothesis  and repeat the experiment

All the above require consistent documentation at each stage. Please see the attached image for the flowchart.

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A species that is LEAST closely related to the rest of the organisms
represented on a cladogram is called?

Answers

Answer:

A cladogram is a diagram used to represent a hypothetical relationship between groups of animals, called a phylogeny.

omplete the passage to describe the function of the heart.

The pumping of the heart involves the alternate contraction and relaxation of the chambers of the heart. The upper chambers of the heart are called
, and the lower chambers of the heart are called
.

Answers

Answer:

The pumping of the heart involves the alternate contraction and relaxation of the chambers of the heart. The upper chambers of the heart are called at atria and the lower chambers of the heart are called ventricles.

PLEASE NEED HELP ASAP!!! What statement is true about energy and matter in stars? Select the correct answers.
A. Some matter is converted into energy within stars.

B. Energy in stars causes the fusion of light elements.

C. All energy is converted into matter in stars.


D. Energy and matter are both conserved in stars.

E. Only energy is conserved within stars.

F. Only matter is conserved within stars.

Answers

Answer:

I think the answer is A

Explanation:

I would wait for someone else to answer though.

Conjugation differs from reproduction because conjugation Group of answer choices transfers DNA horizontally, to nearby cells without those cells undergoing replication. transcribes DNA to RNA. replicates DNA. transfers DNA vertically, to new cells. copies RNA to make DNA.

Answers

Answer:

it is differs from reproduction because conjunction group of answers

Conjugation transfers DNA horizontally, to nearby cells without those cells undergoing replication.

Conjugation is a mechanism of genetic transfer in bacteria where genetic material, usually in the form of plasmids, is transferred from one bacterial cell to another. Unlike reproduction, which involves the replication and inheritance of genetic material through cell division, conjugation allows bacteria to transfer genetic material horizontally between cells that are in close proximity to each other.

During conjugation, the donor bacterial cell containing the plasmid makes contact with the recipient cell through a specialized structure called a pilus. The plasmid DNA is then transferred from the donor cell to the recipient cell through this pilus. The transferred DNA can include genes that provide advantages such as antibiotic resistance or the ability to metabolize certain substances.

The key difference between conjugation and reproduction is that conjugation does not involve replication of the recipient cell's entire genome. Instead, it transfers specific genetic material from one cell to another. The recipient cell does not undergo replication as a result of conjugation but acquires new genetic information from the donor cell.

Reproduction, on the other hand, involves the replication and inheritance of the complete set of genetic material in the parent cell. It results in the production of offspring cells that are genetically identical or similar to the parent cell.

In summary, conjugation is a form of genetic transfer in bacteria where DNA is horizontally transferred between cells without those cells undergoing replication. It allows for the exchange of genetic material and the acquisition of new traits by recipient cells. Reproduction, on the other hand, involves the replication and inheritance of genetic material through cell division.

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Based on the information in the graph, what is the best conclusion to draw
about Africa?
World Population Growth
20,000
10,000
World
5,000
Asia
2,000
Africa
1,000
Europe
WANIA
500
200
100
United States,
Canada, and Greenland
Mexico,
Central America, Caribbean Islands,
and South America
Oceania (Australia and
nearby islands in the Pacific)
50
20
10
1950
1960
1970
A. The fertility rate is very low.
1980
1990
2000
2010
2020
2030
2040
2050
B. It has reached its carrying capacity.
C. The birthrate is higher than the death rate.
oc
D. It has few resources.

Answers

The correct answer is C. The birthrate is higher than the death rate.

Explanation

The graph is about the growth of the world population, this shows the population growth of the world, Asia, Africa, Europe, United States, Canada and Greenland, Mexico, Central America, Caribbean Islands, and South America, and Oceania (Australia and nearby islands in the Pacific). This graph covers the time from 1950 to 2050 divided into decades. In the specific case of Africa in 1950 it had a population of close to 300 million people. Subsequently, in 2010 the population of Africa was close to 1 billion people and the projection for the year 2050 is 2 billion people. According to this, it can be concluded that the birth rate is higher than the death rate because the population has a growth trend, which indicates that more people are born than die.

a person has a cardiac output of 4.9L per minute. the stroke volume of each heart beat is 70 ML

Answers

that's true

stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per beat

cardiac output is the blood pumped by ventricles per minute

Is that a question or a statement?

If an individual has trisomy resulting in Down syndrome and has an extra chromosome in each cell, what mutation must have occurred?
A. A nondisjunction mutation in the gamete of one of the parents
B. A nondisjunction in both gametes of the parents
C. A nondisjunction in one of the first gamete cells of the individual
D. A nondisjunction mutation in body cells of both parents

Answers

Answer:

if  An individual has an extra chromosome in every one of its cells, the mutation that must have occurred is A non-disjunction mutation in the gamete of one of the parents

If an individual has trisomy resulting in Down syndrome and has an extra chromosome in each cell, the mutation that must have occurred is A. A nondisjunction mutation in the gamete of one of the parents.

Down syndrome simply means a genetic disorder that is caused when there's an abnormal cell division that then leads to extra genetic material.

The effect of Down syndrome is the fact that it leads to an intellectual disability, developmental delays, and a distinct facial appearance.

The mutation that has occurred with someone that has a Down syndrome is the nondisjunction mutation in the gamete of one of the parents.

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match each term to its definition
a steam of plasma

Answers

Answer:

The solar wind is a plasma, a stream of charged particles (ions and electrons) that are continuously escaping from the Sun into the interplanetary medium.

Which is an example of genetic drift?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Genetic drift, gene flow, mutations, and natural selection are responsible for the change in the gene pool over time. Example of genetic drift: a population of rabbits with alleles B and b, both alleles are present in equal frequencies p = 0.5 and q = 0.5 if 10 parents reproduce the probability of having an offspring with alleles B or b is 0.5; however, by chance, a slight difference in the offspring allele frequency might occur due to random sampling. As a result, in the next generation, the allele frequencies will change slightly to new frequencies by chance to become p = 0.4 and q = 0.6. in the following generations, the random sampling of alleles continues and the change in allele frequency will be greatly different from the initial 0.5 frequency due to genetic drift. Even though genetic drifting is one of the factors that participate in the evolutionary process of the genetic pool by increasing or decreasing a certain allele’s frequency, however, it does not influence the adaptation of individuals to the environment since the affected genes may be harmful or beneficial genes.

Resources:

Masel, J. (2011). Genetic drift. Current Biology, 21(20), R837-R838.‏

Kliman, R. M. (2016). Encyclopedia of evolutionary biology. Academic Press.‏

Maloy, S., & Hughes, K. (Eds.). (2013). Brenner’s Encyclopedia of Genetics. Academic Press.‏

Clark, M, A., Douglas, M., & Choi, J. (2018). Biology 2e. Openstax

©BiologyOnline. Content provided and moderated by BiologyOnline Editors.

An example of genetic drift is a population of rabbits with alleles a and b both of them are present in equal frequencies p=0.5 and q = 0.5 if 10 parents reproduce

what carbon compound stores energy for the cell and sometimes provides structural support

Answers

Answer:

Carbohydrates

Explanation:

Carbohydrates are a group of macromolecules that are a vital energy source for the cell, provide structural support to many organisms, and can be found on the surface of the cell as receptors or for cell recognition.

Answer:

Carbohydrates

Explanation:

what is homostatis in biology​

Answers

Answer:

Homeostasis, from the Greek words for "same" and "steady," refers to any process that living things use to actively maintain fairly stable conditions necessary for survival. The term was coined in 1930 by the physician Walter Cannon.

Explanation:

Write a short note on tadpole and froglet.
please write in long​

Answers

Answer:

A tadpole is the larval stage in the life cycle of an amphibian. Where as a froglet is a semi metamorphosed Tadpole. A froglet is still in the process of becoming a frog, through tice the froglet will slowly metamorphoses futher to its adult and final stage.

Explanation:


3. What are the two processes underlying this image that turn peat into coal?
A. Lignitigation and coalification
B. Petrification and coalification
C. Peatification and lignitigation
D. Peatification and coalification

Answers

Explanation:

D. Peatification and coalification is the answer

hope this helps you

have a nice day:)

Answer:D. Peatification and coalification is the answer

hope this helps you

Explanation:

During a stay in the hospital, an accident victim develops symptoms of bacteremia. A blood sample shows the presence of Gram-positive cocci in pairs. Lab tests determine that the bacteria are non-hemolytic and bile salt tolerant. The bacteremia is likely due to

Answers

Answer:

Enterococcus.

Explanation:

Enterococcus is reason for nosocomial infection with predilection for older patients with multiple comorbidities. It is usually caused by longer stay in hospital.  The infections may include urinary tract infections, wound infection and intra abdomen or pelvic infections.

How do people get natural dye.?
I am thinking that are from trees but I am not sure pls help me​

Answers

Answer:

people can get first from anything really

Explanation:

plants like lavander can give a slight purple color and etc

Indigo plants ;And woad is to make violet and blue dyes

help needed asap please :(

Answers

Answer: its the top one

What's the common ecosystem of a Paramecium aurelia

Answers

Answer:

Paramecium live in aquatic environments, usually in stagnant, warm water. The species Paramecium bursaria forms symbiotic relationships with green algae. The algae live in its cytoplasm. Algal photosynthesis provides a food source for Paramecium.

Which inference can you make about why finches have adapted different beak sizes and shapes? (1 point)
They are different species.
O They live in the same location.
O They eat different foods.
O They have a wide range of variation

Answers

Finches have adapted different beak sizes and shapes because they eat different foods. So the correct option is C.

What is natural selection?

Natural selection is a mechanism for evolution to happen. It is the process by which living organisms acquire certain characters according to their needs.

It is important to understand natural selection to understand the essential concepts of the processes by which living organisms have been able to develop the complex structures which are helped them to survive.

Natural selection results from various conditions of environment, ecosystem and heredity. An example of natural selection is the development of antimicrobial resistance to pathogens.

Finches are known to have developed different sizes and shapes of beaks according to the kind of food that they eat. If they fed on insects, they had long and pointed beaks. If they fed on seeds and nuts, they had broad and blunt beaks.

Therefore the correct option is B.

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Một các thể của một loài sinh vật khi giảm phân tạo giao tử. Trong số giao tử được sinh ra người ta nhận thấy số loại giao tử mang 2 NST có nguồn gốc từ mẹ là 6. Quá trình giảm phân diễn ra bình thường, không xảy ra trao đổi chéo.
a. Xác định bộ NST 2n của loài và tên loài.
b. Tính tỷ lệ loại giao tử nói trên?
Cho rằng tỉ lệ thụ tinh của giao tử đực và cái đều là 100%. Toàn bộ các hợp tử đều phát triển thành cá thể con.

Answers

Answer:

i cant understand

Explanation:

because your language in vietnam

Bees mainly eat the nectar of flowers and in the process get pollen all over their leg hairs, which gets carried to the next flower, pollinating them. This is an example of ___________.
A. Conditioning
B. Predator-prey
C. Mutualism
D. Parasitism

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

The process of pollination is an example of mutualism. Thus, the correct option is C.

What is Mutualism?

Mutualism may be defined as a +,+ interaction in which both species may be benefitted when living together.

During the process of pollination, the host plant will receive the service of insects to provoke the pollination successfully while in return insects get the food (nectar) and space to live on the plant's flower.

Therefore, the process of pollination is an example of mutualism. Thus, the correct option is C.

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What is the best way to test a hypothesis?
Group of answer choices

design and perform an experiment

create a large spreadsheet with all your data on it

do lots of research

ask scientists, then make an educated guess

Answers

Designing and performing an experiment is the best way to test a hypothesis.

What is a Hypothesis?

This is defined as a proposed explanation about a particular phenomenon or occurrence.

Performing experiments helps to test if the hypothesis if it is valid or not which is why option A was chosen.

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how are various components of the blood adapted to function​

Answers

I cant see the picture

Describe an equation which is the summary of the process by which a mesophlly cell gives out oxygen.

Answers

Answer:

An equation is math so i dont really know

Explanation:

Dude im sorry im just trying get some racks

What happens during S phase?

O A. Chromosomes are duplicated.

O B. DNA separates into two nuclei.

O C. The cell splits in two.

O D. Cytoplasm is manufactured.

Answers

Answer: A. Chromosomes are duplicated.

Explanation: This is the correct answer on the quiz.

Chromosomes are duplicated in S phase. Therefore, option (A) is correct.

What do you mean by S phase?

Between G1 phase and G2 phase, DNA replication takes place during S phase of the cell cycle. The processes that take place during S-phase are tightly controlled and highly conserved.

The cell replicates its genetic material entirely during the S phase of DNA synthesis; At the end of S phase, a normal diploid somatic cell with a DNA complement of 2N acquires a DNA complement of 4N.

DNA synthesis or replication occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle, which occurs prior to the interphase. Before entering mitosis or meiosis, the cell's genetic material is replicated in this manner, leaving enough DNA for daughter cells to divide.

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Vaccines are
1 point
cures for pathogens
prevent pathogen infection
used to treat a bacterial infection
100% effective

Answers

Answer:

To prevent a pathogen infection

What is the potential disadvanatges of external digestion

Answers

Answer:

Environmental hazards such as predators reduce the change if surviving into adulthood, Large amounts of gametes go unfertilised and wasted, Not guaranteed that sperm will come in contact with eggs, Greater chance of desiccation of gametes/zygotes.

Explanation:

Other Questions
What was an achievement of the women's movement during the 1960s and 1970s?the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitutionuniting women in groups such as the National Organization for Womenpassage of legislation requiring equal pay for men and women in the workplace The CEO of Fly Corporation decides to change an accounting method at the end of the current year. The change results in reported profits increasing by 5%, but the company's cash flows are not changed. If capital markets are efficient, then what would happen to the company stock price? Justify your answer with logical arguments Which type of organic compound is shown below?A. Carboxylic acid B. EsterC. Amine D. Alcohol Which Statement is true about the medicare advantage out-of-pocket maximum You are concerned that if a private key is lost, all documents encrypted using your private key will be inaccessible. Which service should you use to solve this problem I need help with this someone help me out What are the functions of hypothalamus Doyle Company issued $500,000 of 10-year, 7 percent bonds on January 1, 2018. The bonds were issued at face value. Interest is payable in cash on December 31 of each year. Doyle immediately invested the proceeds from the bond issue in land. The land was leased for an annual $125,000 of cash revenue, which was collected on December 31 of each year, beginning December 31, 2018 Yes, we all know Pluto is no longer an official planet, merely a dwarf, but it still enjoyed full planet status when New Horizons rocketed from Cape Canaveral, Florida, on Jan. 19, 2006. Plutos demotion came just seven months later, a sore subject still for many.Were kind of running the anchor leg with Pluto to finish the relay," Stern says.The sneak peeks of Pluto in recent weeks are getting "juicier and juicier," says Johns Hopkins project scientist Hal Weaver. "The science team is just drooling over these pictures."The Hubble Space Telescope previously captured the best pictures of Pluto. If the pixelated blobs of pictures had been of Earth, though, not even the continents would have been visible.The New Horizons team is turning "a point of light into a planet," Stern says.An image released last week shows a copper-colored Pluto bearing a large, bright spot in the shape of a heart.Scientists expect image resolution to improve dramatically by Tuesday. The 7,767-mile span at closest approach is about the distance between Seattle and Sydney.New Horizons, weighing less than 1,000 pounds including fuel, has seven instruments that will be going full force during the encounter. Its expected to collect 5,000 times as much data, for instance, as Mariner 4.Were going to rewrite the book," Weaver says. "This is itthis is our once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to see it."The team gets one crack at this.Were trying to hit a very small box, relatively speaking," says Mark Holdridge, the encounter mission manager. "Its 60 by 90 miles, and were going 30,000 mph, and were trying to hit that box within a plus or minus 100 seconds."The only planet in our solar system discovered by an American, Pluto actually is a mini solar system unto itself. Plutojust two-thirds the size of our own moonhas big moon Charon thats just over half its size, as well as baby moons Styx, Nix, Hydra, and Kerberos. The names are associated with the underworld in which the mythological god, Pluto, reigned. New Horizons will observe each known moon and keep a lookout for more.Scientists involved in the 700 million effort want to get a good look at Pluto and Charon, and get a handle on their surfaces and chemical composition. They also plan to measure the temperature and pressure in Plutos nitrogen-rich atmosphere and determine how much gas is escaping into space. Temperatures can plunge to nearly minus-400 degrees.Bill McKinnon, a New Horizons team member from Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, expects to see craters and possible volcanic remnants. A liquid ocean and a rocky core may lie beneath the icy shell.Anybody who thinks that when we go to Pluto, were going to find cold, dead ice balls is in for a rude shock," McKinnon says. "Im really hoping to see a very active and dynamic world."Pluto has tantalized astronomers since its 1930 discovery by Clyde Tombaugh using the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona. Some of Tombaughs ashes are aboard New Horizons. His two children, now in their 70s, plan to be at Johns Hopkins for the encounter.With its tilted, elongated 248-year orbit, Pluto has made it only a third of the way around the Sun since its discovery. The amount of sunlight that reaches Pluto is so dim that at high noon, it looks like twilight here on Earth. The massive surrounding Kuiper Belt, in fact, is called the Twilight Zone. The New Horizons team has its eyes on a few much smaller objects in the Kuiper Belt, and is hoping for a mission extension as the spacecraft continues toward the solar system exit on the heels of NASAs Voyagers 1 and 2 and Pioneers 10 and 11.For now, signals take 4hours to travel one way between New Horizons and flight controllers in Maryland.New Horizonsscience instruments will be cranked up to collect maximum data Tuesday, leaving no time to send back data. In fact, scientists wont be absolutely certain of success until Tuesday night, 13 hours following New Horizonsclosest approach, when it "phones home."It will be Wednesday before the closest of Plutos close-ups are available for release. And it will be well into next yearOctober 2016before all the anticipated data are transmitted to Earth.What is the significance of this mission? What do you find extraordinary about it? your friend has been suspended from school for truancy write a letter to him telling him your displeasure and advising him to turn a new leaf Psychology suggests that because of the _______________________ we are more likely to remember the first and last items conveyed orally in a series than the items between, meaning that we are more likely to remember the beginning and ending of your speech than what you say in the body/middle. Find the measures of angles 1, 2, and 3.Two perpendicular lines cross each other. Another line rises from left to right intersecting the perpendicular lines where they both intersect. Angles labeled 1, 2, 3 and 57 degrees are shown. Angle 1 is opposite of angle 3. Angle two is opposite to a right angle. Angle 57 degrees plus angle 1 is a right angle. Angle 3 plus the angle opposite of angle 57 degrees is a right angle. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) listed homosexuality as an abnormal behavior until 1986, when the American Psychiatric Association (APA) removed it from the manual. Based on changing social perceptions and attitudes, discuss a currently-listed disorder that you believe may soon achieve declassification. Alternatively, you may discuss a condition not currently listed in the DSM that you believe the APA may soon include in the manual. Explain your reasons for this conclusion. Please help!!Find BD Vt cht l hin thc khch quan ng hay sai Are modern lyrics explicit for younger audiences gi s mi quan h gia doanh thu v n lc Which of the following is an example of a natural selection?1 pointAll grey squirrels have not changed for a 1,000 yearsBirds developed wings because they wanted to fly.Fish developed gills because they wanted to move to land.A new species of purple squirrels forms due to a change in the ecosystem. Find the area and the perimeter of a triangle (shown below)PLZZZ You are dealt two cards successively without replacement from a standard deck of 52 playing cards. Find the probability that the first card is a two and the second card is a ten.