One of the principal effects of 9/11 was instilling in Americans a fear that their personal security was at greater risk than ever before. Many aspects of the post-9/11 world are indeed new, but the fear it evokes echoes that felt by prior generations. At times the country has met those fears while still holding fast to its core democratic principles. Other times, fear has overruled American principles, especially the protection of individual freedoms. The most important legacy of the American experience following 9/11 will not be the novelty of fear, but rather how well the country copes with that fear while adhering to its constitutional framework. Given how searing the 9/11 experience was, it is sometimes hard to remember that prior generations of Americans didn’t always sleep soundly either. Pearl Harbor is an often-cited example, but it joins many other moments of intense fear in U.S. history. During the 40-plus years of the Cold War, American school children practiced "duck and cover" drills the way today’s kids might practice school lock-downs. As a teenage in the 1980s, I joined Sting in hoping we could avert a nuclear holocaust if "the Russians love their children, too."With the collapse of the Soviet Union, other threats in the United States soon appeared: the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing, and the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Park bombing, to name just a few. During the 1990s, some in the military liked to refer to the United States as a "homeland sanctuary;" after 9/11, many talk about the end of that sanctuary.True, the country has experienced fewer external threats to its population than have most other nations. But it’s a misconception to think that the American sense of external threat is new.-Kathleen Hicks, "What Will Americans Do About Their Fear of Terrorism?" The Atlantic Monthly, 2016.The experience of those who lived through 9/11 needs to create which of the following outcomes, according to the author of the passage?a. Citizens should not let their fear of another terror attack override the country’s ability to adhere to the civil liberties protections outlined in the Constitution.b. Citizens need to acknowledge that the 9/11 attack was a unique event and work to develop a new strategy to combat future terror attacks.c. Citizens have to be willing to sacrifice some civil liberties in order to protect the country from future terrorist attacks.d. Citizens can rely on the government to develop plans to protect them in the event of a future attack on the United States.

The author's main purpose in the text was to D. to explain redlining and how new discriminatory practices cause problems today.

Redlining is a discriminatory practice that has had long-term consequences in American communities. This technique, which involves denying individuals living in specific areas services like as loans and insurance, was used to separate communities based on race and ethnicity.

These concerns continue to contribute to structural inequality and influence the lives of millions of Americans, particularly those from disadvantaged and underrepresented populations.

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Text is:

Redlining is a discriminatory practice that has had lasting effects on communities in the United States. Today, the effects of redlining can still be seen in the form of persistently segregated neighborhoods, lack of access to financial services, and disparities in educational and economic opportunities.

The Industrial Revolution spread out of Britain for several reasons, including Access to resources: Other countries had access to resources such as coal, iron, and timber, which were necessary for industrialization.

Technological diffusion: The spread of technology and knowledge about industrial processes from Britain to other countries allowed for the development of industry in those places.

Market expansion: The demand for goods and the growth of international trade encouraged the spread of industrialization to other countries.

Political stability: Some countries had stable political systems that allowed for investment in industry and the development of infrastructure.

Labor availability: The availability of labor in other countries, including women and children, allowed for the growth of industry.

Overall, the spread of the Industrial Revolution was a complex process influenced by many factors, including access to resources, technology, market demand, political stability, and labor availability.

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Albert Speer was a German architect, politician, and senior Nazi official who played a significant role in the Nazi regime. Speer's legacy is controversial because of his involvement in the Holocaust, and many scholars have debated whether he was truly ignorant of the genocide or was simply trying to protect himself from prosecution.

Albert Speer was born on March 19, 1905, in Mannheim, Germany, and died on September 1, 1981.He was a talented architect and urban planner who designed several buildings for the Nazi regime, including the Reich Chancellery.He was appointed as Adolf Hitler's chief architect in 1933 and was later promoted to the position of Minister of Armaments and War Production in 1942.Speer was responsible for the construction of concentration camps, and his department employed forced laborers from concentration camps for the production of war materials during World War II.After World War II, he was convicted of war crimes and crimes against humanity at the Nuremberg Trials in 1946.Speer expressed remorse for his actions during the Holocaust and apologized for his role in the Nazi regime.Speer's legacy is controversial because of his involvement in the Holocaust, and many scholars have debated whether he was truly ignorant of the genocide or was simply trying to protect himself from prosecution.

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The letter’s significance as a source of information on popular attitudes to Bolshevik revolutionary policies lies in the fact that it suggests that some Soviet citizens felt that the Bolsheviks had gone too far in curtailing the property rights of wealthy Soviet citizens. Option B

The Bolshevik revolutionary policies were a set of political, social, and economic measures implemented by the Bolshevik Party, led by Vladimir Lenin, after they seized power in the Russian Revolution of 1917. These policies were aimed at transforming Russia into a socialist state and establishing a dictatorship of the proletariat.

Hence,  The letter implies that there were concerns among some Soviet citizens about the Bolsheviks' policies towards property rights and private ownership. This indicates that not all Soviet citizens were in full support of the Bolshevik revolution and its policies.

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President Coolidge's perspective on capitalism and the role of the president reflected the Republican Party's policy of laissez-faire capitalism and its rejection of progressivism in the early twentieth century.

President Calvin Coolidge's perspective on capitalism and the role of the president in the 1920s demonstrates the Republican Party's policy of laissez-faire capitalism, which emphasized limited government intervention in the economy. Coolidge believed in the concept of "rugged individualism" and the idea that the government should not interfere with the free market. He opposed the regulation of business, supported tax cuts for the wealthy, and believed that prosperity would trickle down to the rest of society.

This view represented a rejection of the progressivism of the early twentieth century, which called for government intervention to address social and economic problems. Progressives believed that government had a responsibility to promote the general welfare of its citizens, regulate industry, and protect workers' rights. However, the Republican Party of the 1920s rejected these ideas and instead focused on promoting business growth and limiting government involvement.

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Many empires did start to form about 1,000 CE and afterwards. These kingdoms gave the areas they ruled harmony, consistency, and intricacy.

States started to establish in central Chad, in the sahelian region between the desert and the savanna, at the end of the first millennium AD.

African empires from the fifteenth to the nineteenth centuries. Several empires were also founded south of the Sahel, particularly in West Africa, between the 15th century and the final Scramble for Africa in the late 19th century.

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Clause 12 represents a power shift from the king, who previously had complete control over taxation, to a more representative body that included the king's subjects. Also, this was a significant departure from the king's previous practice of imposing taxes without consultation, which had been a significant source of tension between the king and his subjects.

Clause 12 refers to the Magna Carta, a charter of liberties granted by King John of England in 1215. This clause was significant because it limited the king's power to impose taxes unilaterally and gave the common council a say.

This was a critical step towards a more democratic form of government, where the people had a more excellent voice in decision-making. It also helped to establish the principle of consent, which meant that the people had to agree to any new taxes before they could be imposed.

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The Venetians exported Textiles to the Ottomans. They were usually woven in other cities like Florence which were so valuable because their color remained vibrant. This is because they were dyed with a chemical called alum, which was found mainly in Anatolia, located at Ottoman Empire .

We cannot survive without them because we are traders, as a Venetian envoy put it. The Venetians purchased from the Ottomans completed items like soap, paper, and textiles, while the Ottomans bought from the Venetians wheat, spices, raw silk, cotton, and ash (used to make glass).

Through trade lines that originated in the salt trade, the republic of Venice produced and exchanged premium salt, salted goods, and other goods. The Venetians took over the salt trade from other salt manufacturing centres nearby Venice and established a monopoly in the supply of salt to Italy.

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The correct question is :

The Venetians exported _______________ to the Ottomans. They were usually woven in other cities like ___________ which were so valuable because their color remained vibrant. This is because they were dyed with a chemical called alum, which was found mainly in Anatolia, located at ___________________ .

The Spanish and the Chickasaw were allies in the early years of the colonization of the Americas.

However, their alliance began to weaken in the mid-18th century as the Spanish became increasingly interested in expanding their territorial claims in the region that is now the southeastern United States.

The Spanish realized that the Chickasaw, who controlled important trade routes and had a strong military presence, posed a threat to their expansionist goals. As a result, the Spanish began to undermine their alliance with the Chickasaw by providing support to their enemies, such as the French and the Choctaw.

In 1736, the Spanish launched a military campaign against the Chickasaw, which ultimately failed. However, the Spanish continued to try to weaken the Chickasaw by providing military and economic support to their enemies.

This strategy eventually led to the destruction of the alliance between the Spanish and the Chickasaw. The Chickasaw, feeling betrayed by their former ally, aligned themselves with the British and fought against the Spanish in several conflicts. The Spanish, in turn, were forced to abandon their expansionist plans in the region

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Answer:

Stalin's Five-Year Plan, implemented between 1928 and 1932, sought to rapidly industrialize the Soviet Union and increase its economic power in order to compete with the industrialized nations of the West. This had a considerable effect on the Soviet economy and the Russian people. In regards to the economy, the plan was successful in significantly escalating industrial production, with the country becoming one of the world's leading industrial powers.

However, this came at a price, as other sectors such as agriculture and consumer goods were neglected, leading to food shortages and a decrease in living standards for numerous individuals in the Soviet Union. Additionally, industrialization was attained at the expense of workers' rights and conditions of living.

Regarding the Russian people, the plan was accompanied by a huge propaganda campaign with the intention of creating a new Soviet citizen devoted to hard work and loyalty to the state, and a variety of methods were used to motivate people to work harder. Social changes were also seen, with women being inspired to enter the workforce and the government investing in new schools and hospitals. Nevertheless, repression and control were also implemented to limit freedom of expression. In conclusion, Stalin's Five-Year Plan had a considerable impact on the Soviet economy and the Russian people.

The depiction of a warrior on horseback has significant cultural and historical significance in many societies.

Horses have been used for transportation, warfare, and agriculture for thousands of years, and they have been an important part of human civilization. In many cultures, warriors on horseback represent power, strength, and dominance. They were able to move quickly and cover large distances, making them effective in battles and raids. Horses also offered a height advantage, allowing riders to see further and strike with more force.

The depiction of a warrior on horseback also represents a connection to nature and the land. Horses were domesticated by humans thousands of years ago, and their relationship with humans has been a crucial part of human history. In some cultures, such as Native American tribes, horses were considered sacred and were believed to have spiritual significance. The depiction of a warrior on horseback may also be associated with these beliefs and traditions.

Overall, the depiction of a warrior on horseback is a powerful symbol that represents strength, power, and a deep connection to nature and the land.

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The Pendleton Act of 1883, the first piece of federal legislation to begin breaking down the spoils system, created a bipartisan Civil Service Commission to supervise the federal job application process.

The Pendleton Act of 1883, also known as the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, was passed by the US Congress in response to public outcries over the patronage or "spoils" system that had long dominated federal appointments. It established the US Civil Service Commission to oversee federal appointments in the hope of ensuring that individuals who were employed in the federal government were qualified and deserving of their positions.

Bipartisan Civil Service Commission to supervise federal job application process. The act established a bipartisan Civil Service Commission to supervise the federal job application process. The Commission was made up of three commissioners, each of whom served a six-year term.

The Commission's responsibility was to oversee the implementation of the civil service system, which provided for the selection of qualified individuals for government jobs through competitive examinations, rather than through the spoils system.

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At the beginning of Act IV, Scene I, the true cause of Juliet sadness is that her parents have arranged for her to marry Paris, but she is already secretly married to Romeo.

At the beginning of Act IV, Scene I, it is revealed that the source of Juliet's sadness is that her parents have arranged for her to marry Paris, but she is already secretly married to Romeo.

This highlights the conflict between Juliet's familial loyalty and her newfound love, as she must choose between keeping her parent's wishes or honoring her own personal choice. It also serves as a catalyst for the upcoming tragedies of the play, as Romeo and Juliet must take drastic action in order to protect their union and the love that binds them together.

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The expansion of the Russian Empire in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries can primarily be explained in the context of European states acquiring growing technological and military advantages over non-European societies to expand their power. This was done through advances in naval power and weapons, which allowed European powers to assert their dominance through sea and land. In addition, the Industrial Revolution brought with it new technologies and weaponry which gave European countries the upper hand in global conflicts. These advances in technology and military power allowed European countries to expand their empires by conquering non-European societies and by establishing political, economic, and cultural dominance.

The expansion of the Russian Empire in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries is primarily explained in the context of European states using joint-stock companies to expand their economic and political dominance over non-European societies.The expansion of the Russian Empire in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries is primarily explained in the context of European states using joint-stock companies to expand their economic and political dominance over non-European societies.What is the joint-stock company?A joint-stock company is a business structure that was created to reduce the risks and costs associated with starting a business in the 16th century. It is similar to a modern-day corporation in that it allows individuals to pool their capital resources to establish a larger, more stable business. This makes the organization more stable because it spreads the risk among multiple investors, increasing the chance that it will be able to meet its financial obligations.When it comes to European states and their expansion, joint-stock companies were used to expand their economic and political dominance over non-European societies. In the 16th century, European colonial powers used joint-stock companies to gain a foothold in Asia, Africa, and the Americas.The same approach was used by Russia as it expanded its empire in the late 18th and 19th centuries. Peter the Great, in particular, launched numerous companies to attract foreign investors and promote international trade, with the ultimate goal of strengthening Russia's economy and expanding its territorial control. As a result of these policies, the Russian Empire was able to expand its control over Central Asia, Siberia, and the Caucasus.

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The suffrage movement used a variety of tactics to gain support, including public speeches, pamphlets, and marches.
In addition, suffragists also used lobbying and civil disobedience to pressure lawmakers into granting voting rights to women. Finally, suffragists held hunger strikes and refused to pay taxes to demonstrate their commitment to the cause.

The suffrage movement used three methods to gain support, which are mentioned below:

1) Mass meetings and rallies Organizing mass meetings and rallies was a popular method used by the suffrage movement to gain support. These events were typically held outdoors in public spaces such as parks and streets, attracting large numbers of people who were interested in the cause. By delivering speeches and other forms of public address, leaders of the suffrage movement were able to persuade many individuals to join their cause.

2) Lobbying by politicians and government officials The suffrage movement used lobbying to persuade politicians and other government officials to support their cause. They sought to educate politicians and public officials about the importance of granting voting rights to women, highlighting the fact that women made up half of the population and were just as capable of making informed political decisions as men. This method was especially effective at the local and state levels, where politicians were more likely to be accessible to grassroots organizations such as the suffrage movement.

3) Press and media campaigns The suffrage movement also utilized the press and media to gain support for their cause. They used newspapers, magazines, and other forms of mass media to publish articles and editorials in support of women's suffrage. Additionally, they produced posters, leaflets, and other printed materials to distribute to the public, which helped spread awareness of their campaign and recruit new members.

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Answer:Industrialization helped fuel the start of imperialism in the 19th century. The age of Imperialism started around the late 1800s after the Industrial Revolution. The Industrial Revolution was a catalyst to imperialism. The Industrial Revolution created fast economic growth as well as huge improvements in technology.

Explanation:

The underlying cause of World War I that the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria represents is the system of alliances.

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife, Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, in Sarajevo, Bosnia, on June 28, 1914, is one of the most well-known events leading up to the outbreak of World War I.

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was just the spark that ignited the already smoldering tensions between the European nations, thanks to their tangled web of alliances. This triggered the First World War, which lasted from 1914 to 1918.

The war resulted in the loss of many lives and resources, as well as the destruction of infrastructure, and had a significant impact on world history.

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The succession plan would be: Senate President Pro Tempore, Speaker of the House, or Attorney General.

A succession plan in government is a documented process that outlines how key leadership positions will be filled in the event of an expected or unexpected departure of an elected or appointed official.

The succession plan if a governor is removed from office, resigns, dies, or becomes incapacitated while in office would typically involve the Lieutenant Governor assuming the position of governor. If the Lieutenant Governor is unavailable or unwilling to assume the role, then the line of succession may vary by state but would typically involve the Senate President Pro Tempore, Speaker of the House, or Attorney General, in that order.

In some states, the succession may also include specific senior U.S. Senators or Justices of the Courts of Appeals. The specific succession plan may be outlined in the state constitution or state law.

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Answer:

Explanation:

4

Answer:

they believed the South had not suffered enough consequences for the war.

Explanation:

Johnson was sympathetic to white nationalism and did not want much shifting of southern power

There is an assumption that African decentralized political civilizations were viewed as unimportant by historians because the Europeans think that Africa started culture after being occupied by Europeans.

The European colonial powers that dominated Africa in the 19th century and 20th centuries managed to view non-centralized political methods as primitive and lacking in culture. They consider this as the view that was used to justify the imposition of colonial rule and the suppression of African cultural and political practices.

The other main thing is that Africa was discovered lately and also after the invasion of Europeans made civilization and trade system was implemented by them which led to the transportation of people.

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Answer: During the Meiji Restoration, Japan fought to modernize as fast as possible and as a result changed its society and economy significantly.

Explanation:

The Meiji Restoration was a period in Japanese history that began in 1868 and lasted until 1912. It marked the end of the Tokugawa shogunate and the restoration of imperial rule under Emperor Meiji. During this time, Japan underwent a series of rapid reforms and modernization efforts, including the adoption of Western-style institutions, education, technology, and industry. These changes allowed Japan to transform itself into a modern nation and emerge as a major player on the world stage.

After the British won the french and indian war, a part of the seven years war, they faced significant economic issues due to the costs of the war.

The British encountered various issues, despite their triumph. The economy of the thirteen colonies had taken a severe blow, which was one of the biggest difficulties they encountered after the war.

The British found it difficult to impose and enforce the tax legislation that was passed to help finance the expense of the war. The french and indian war was a critical event in the history of the United States.

The war began in 1754 and concluded in 1763, at the end of the seven years war. It was a battle between the british and french over control of land in North America.

The victory of the british over the french gave the british considerable control over land in the United States. The victory over the french and the gain of more land by the british, however, did not imply that the british could control this land quickly or effectively.

The land had already been colonized by the french, so there was a high demand for development and colonization to take place in these areas. There was an economic problem caused by the conflict's costs, as well as the demand for colonizing the new land, and the expense of protecting it from any enemy threats.

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Apartheid was the policy of racial discrimination and segregation in south africa during the 20th century. Christian religion was used as validation of the Segregation regime.

In the nation of Southern Africa and the west coast of Africa, there existed an arrangement of organized ethnic partitioning known as apartheid.  Separating individuals based on racial prejudice or cultural criteria is the basis of apartheid, a policy. During the time when a white population controlled South Africa, the inhuman apartheid system was applied all over the area. It imposed ethnic discrimination against people of color, primarily based on their skin tone and facial characteristics. Christian religion was used as validation of the Segregation regime d.uring that time, as well as a major source of inspiration for those engaged in the fight.

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The linguistic diversity represented on the map contributed most directly to the following developments regarding French foreign policy in the 19th century.

France was characterized by a strong sense of national identity and centralized government. The various groups living in the region spoke different languages and had different cultural practices.

Linguistic diversity refers to the variety of languages spoken by people in a specific geographical region. It implies the existence of a range of dialects within a language, as well as the presence of numerous languages in a given region.

Linguistic diversity is the foundation of multilingualism and is a crucial component of social and cultural diversity in the world. In the nineteenth century, the situation in France was such that the country was divided into different regions with distinct cultures and languages.

Brittany, for example, spoke Breton, which was very distinct from French, while Alsace-Lorraine spoke a Germanic dialect that was very different from French, which was the official language of the nation. This linguistic diversity posed a challenge to the French government, which was intent on strengthening national unity and promoting centralization.

The government was aware that linguistic diversity might potentially lead to regionalism and separatism. As a result, they attempted to restrict the use of non-French languages, particularly in public life and education. The linguistic diversity in France was a major factor in the country's foreign policy decisions.

In the 19th century, France pursued a policy of territorial expansion to offset its economic and political weaknesses. French policymakers sought to create an empire that would rival that of Britain. As a result, France expanded its territorial holdings in Africa and Asia, in order to gain new markets for its goods and sources of raw materials.

The linguistic diversity of the people living in these regions presented a challenge to French policymakers, as they had to decide whether to assimilate these populations into French culture or respect their linguistic and cultural diversity.

Ultimately, French policymakers chose to adopt an assimilationist policy, arguing that the French language and culture were superior to those of the colonized peoples.

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Members of Congress who have adopted the delegate role of representation normally cast their votes based on the preferences of the majority of their constituents. Option A is the correct answer.

This means that they see their role as a representative of the people who elected them, and they believe that their job is to act as a mouthpiece for the views and opinions of their constituents. As such, they would seek to reflect the majority views of their constituency in their voting patterns and decision-making processes.

Therefore, option A is the correct answer.

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Answer:

The 12th Amendment to the Constitution was passed following a deadlock between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr in the presidential election of 1800.

Answer:

The period from circa 1750 to 1900 saw a surge of revolutions that reshaped societies and politics across the world. These revolutions took various forms, from political upheavals to social and economic transformations. While some revolutions led to significant political and social changes, others failed to deliver the intended outcomes. Therefore, evaluating the extent to which revolutions brought about political or social changes is a complex task that requires examining each revolution's unique context and goals.

One of the most prominent revolutions in this period was the American Revolution of 1776. The American Revolution was a political revolution that aimed to overthrow British colonial rule and establish a new nation based on principles of democracy and individual rights. This revolution led to the formation of the United States of America, a country that became a beacon of freedom and democracy for the world. The American Revolution not only established a new political order but also paved the way for social changes, including the abolition of slavery and the extension of voting rights to more citizens.

Similarly, the French Revolution of 1789 was a significant political and social upheaval that aimed to overthrow the monarchy and establish a republic based on the principles of liberty, equality, and fraternity. The French Revolution led to the establishment of a new political order, including the adoption of a new constitution and the execution of the king. Moreover, the revolution brought about social changes, including the abolition of feudalism and the implementation of policies aimed at reducing inequality.

In Latin America, revolutions against Spanish colonial rule began in the early 1800s and continued throughout the century. These revolutions aimed to establish independent nations that would be free from colonial oppression. While some of these revolutions, such as the Mexican Revolution of 1910, led to significant political and social changes, others, such as the Venezuelan War of Independence, failed to deliver their intended outcomes.

In Asia, the Taiping Rebellion in China aimed to overthrow the Qing Dynasty and establish a new social and political order based on Christian beliefs. While the rebellion failed to achieve its ultimate goal, it led to significant social changes, including the promotion of gender equality and the adoption of new agricultural practices.

However, not all revolutions in this period led to significant political or social changes. The Haitian Revolution of 1791, for example, aimed to overthrow French colonial rule and establish an independent nation. While the revolution succeeded in achieving its political goal, it failed to bring about significant social changes, as slavery continued for several decades after the revolution.

In conclusion, revolutions that occurred in the period circa 1750 to 1900 had varying degrees of success in bringing about political and social changes. While some revolutions, such as the American and French Revolutions, led to significant political and social transformations, others failed to deliver their intended outcomes. Therefore, evaluating the extent to which revolutions brought about political or social changes requires examining each revolution's unique context and goals.

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