"Most white northerners at the time [1860] viewed blacks as inferior. ...Only a few [white northerners] held strong opinions about slavery... A vocal minority of northerners were abolitionists. Some white northern bankers, mill owners, and merchants earned a lot of money on southern cotton and tobacco or by trading or transporting enslaved people. They were sympathetic to Southern plantation owners and did not want to abolish slavery."

14. How does the author of this secondary source interpret northern views of slavery in 1860?
a. Most northerners believed that slavery was morally wrong.
B. Most northerners were sympathetic to or supported slavery.
b. Most northerners wanted to abolish slavery.
d. Northerners wanted to expand the plantations in the North.

Answer:

transports water and nutrients

The most significant technological breakthrough in the early industrial period was an engine that burned coal to boil water and create steam, which was used to drive mechanical devices.

What was the technological breakthrough in the early industrial period?

The most significant technological breakthrough in the early industrial period was an engine that burned coal to boil water and create steam, which was used to drive mechanical devices.

The Industrial Revolution was a period of great change that occurred during the 18th and early 19th centuries in which new machines were invented, new forms of power were developed, and production methods changed significantly.

It began in Great Britain and spread to other countries such as the United States.

The Industrial Revolution brought many changes to society, including new inventions, new forms of energy, and new ways of manufacturing goods.

It also led to the growth of cities and an increase in the number of people who lived in them, as well as the rise of a new class of people who were wealthy but did not own land.

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The early Jamestown colony had a high death toll for all the following reasons EXCEPT for ingesting poisonous plants.

Jamestown is a city in the United States. It is situated in southeastern Virginia, on the James River's banks, across from Newport News. The town, which was the capital of Virginia for more than 80 years, is one of the state's earliest permanent English settlements

In 1607, Jamestown was established by the London Company, and it served as the capital of Virginia until 1699.When the London Company established Jamestown in 1607, life was harsh for the early Jamestown colonists.

They encountered a variety of issues, including a lack of access to clean water, food shortages, and conflicts with indigenous tribes.

This was an issue they encountered in the beginning of the Jamestown settlement. In fact, some historians believe that disease was the biggest contributor to the high death toll. Although they had a difficult time in Jamestown, many colonists did survive and flourish, and today, the town is a vital piece of American history.

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Answer:

Hundreds of unarmed protesters were killed or wounded by the czar's troops. The Bloody Sunday massacre sparked the Russian Revolution of 1905, during which angry workers responded with a series of crippling strikes throughout the country.

Answer:

Based on the arguments in the excerpts, Joshua Giddings would likely agree with the claim that the Mexican-American War was caused by a desire to extend and sustain slavery, while Walt Whitman would likely disagree with this claim and instead argue that the war was necessary to chastise Mexico for its offenses against the United States.

President Carter's most serious foreign policy problem was declining unemployment, but a huge rise in the cost of living, fueled by massive oil prices in the Middle East, soon dominated the administration's domestic agenda. Little could be done to control inflation, which quickly reached double digits.

US foreign policy during President Jimmy Carter (1977-1981) was dominated by the Cold War, a period of persistent geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union.

After taking office, Carter realigned U.S. foreign policy with a new emphasis on human rights, democratic values, nuclear non-proliferation, and global poverty. Carter ended U.S. support for the Somoza regime in Nicaragua and cut or ended military aid to Chile's Augusto Pinochet, Brazil's Ernesto Geisel, and Argentina's Jorge Rafael Videla.

He negotiated the Torrijos Carter Agreement in 1999 to return the Panama Canal to Panama. He helped broker the Camp David Accords between Israel and Egypt to end the Arab-Israeli conflict. He was also the first U.S. president to visit sub-Saharan Africa, reflecting the region's newfound prominence under the Carter administration.  

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Answer:

Explanation:

The Little Rock Nine were a group of nine black students who enrolled at formerly all-white Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, in September 1957.

The Little Rock Nine (were 9 black high school students selected to be the first black high school students at the segregated white high school in Little Rock Arkansas. Their arrival at the school initiated a historical conflict among local, state, and Federal jurisdiction and enforcement units known as the Little Rock Crisis.

The events, positions, and historical consequences are all quite significant. In some ways, these nine students going to high school was a harbinger for, and an initial point of, the civil rights movement.

There were various tactics used over the course of about two years, including the closing of all public schools to prevent desegregation. When the opening of private schools was blocked, racist attacks against blacks occurred.

The nine children were told that they had been selected as black children most likely to be accepted, but that they would face harassment and assault, and they should not respond with violence. They did so.

The military could get them inside the school, but could not protect them once they were inside. Their fellow students spat on them, cursed them, and physically assaulted them. One young woman had acid thrown in her eyes. Another one faced attempted murder, as other girls tried to burn her alive. And the attacks were not just from youth. One harassed student dropped her lunch tray, and was suspended for dropping the tray. So the persecution was from adults and official bodies within the school, as well.

A crucial element that made the event historical was when President Eisenhower ordered the 101st Army Airborne Division to take over the State National Guard and escort the students into the school while maintaining order. At the same time, the President federalized the Arkansas state National Guard, so that it was no longer under the command of Governor Faubus. As a result, the same soldiers who, obeying the governor’s orders, had prevented the students from entering the school now escorted them in.

The use of US armed forces on American soil is a constitutional issue. So is a state government resisting an order of the Supreme Court. Fortunately, there was no armed rebellion, and individual and mob violence was largely kept under control.

Some of the nine students have written about their experience, and seven of them reunited on the Oprah Winfrey show in 1996. Some of the white students who had persecuted them were on the show, as well.

This incident was a less famous precursor to The Stand in the Schoolhouse Door (Stand in the Schoolhouse Door) in 1963, where Alabama Governor Wallace showed up to prevent two black students from starting at the University of Alabama, violating a court order in doing so. The later event is more famous for several reasons: The governor showed up in person; Television was more prevalent and TV media were present; Kennedy was President, and federalized the Alabama National Guard, following in President Eisenhower’s footsteps, but Kennedy’s civil rights actions were more in the public eye, and the event was immortalized in Bob Dylan’s song The Times, They Are A’Changin’.

Neurological and behavioral distinctions in modern humans are probably a result of geographic heterogeneity in the level of interbreeding between H. sapiens and Neanderthals.

Interbreeding between Neanderthals and Homo sapiens has a long-lasting effect on human DNA. Remaining Neanderthal DNA in the human genome has been linked to features in people like depression, nicotine addiction, blood clotting, and skin lesions, according to a study published last week in the journal Science.

This, according to the researchers, is proof that early modern humans and Neanderthals had "strong gene flow" and frequently interbred. In fact, it happened so frequently that as Neanderthal populations declined toward the conclusion of their life, their Y chromosomes may have completely supplanted ours.

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Neurological and behavioral distinctions in modern humans are probably a result of geographic heterogeneity in the level of interbreeding between Homo sapiens and Neanderthals.

Human DNA is permanently altered by Neanderthal and Homo sapiens hybridization. A study published last week in the journal Science found that the human genome's residual Neanderthal DNA has been connected to traits like depression, nicotine addiction, blood clotting, and skin lesions.

This demonstrates that there was "strong gene flow" and frequent interbreeding between early modern humans and Neanderthals, according to the researchers. In fact, it occurred so frequently that Neanderthal Y chromosomes may have completely replaced ours as their populations declined toward the end of their life.

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False. According to the  Documents 2 and 3, the Nazis were not intentionally starving residents of the ghettos.

Document 2 states that the residents were only given 180 grams of bread a day and 220 grams of sugar a month, which does not cover 10% of their nutritional requirements. Document 3 states that the Nazis had put up a wall around the ghetto hermetically sealed, with barbed wire and broken glass, to not allow in any food. This indicates that the Nazis were not intentionally starving the residents, as they had put measures in place to prevent food from entering.

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Answer:

Lima

Explanation:

Answer:

The capital of Peru is Lima. Lima is the country's commercial and industrial centre.

Explanation:

You're welcome.

The introduction of invasive species into the island disrupted the ecosystem and eventually led to the disappearance of the plants and animals.

The introduction of goats by Portuguese sailors to St. Helena Island in 1533 is an example of an invasive species introduction. Invasive species are non-native species that are introduced to an ecosystem and cause harm to the ecosystem they invade. In this case, the goats overgrazed on the island's vegetation, leading to a significant loss of habitat and food for the native animals. As a result, many of the native plant and animal species disappeared from the island. Therefore, the most likely cause of the disappearance of the plants and animals on the island was the overgrazing by the introduced goats.

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The statement "The Federal Reserve System (1913) and the Federal Trade Commission (1914) were major examples of the remarkable expansion of the role of the federal government in the economy during the Progressive era." is true because the Federal Reserve System was created to provide the United States with a secure, adaptable, and stable monetary and financial system.

It is commonly known as the Federal Reserve, the Fed, or the central bank of the United States, and is the nation's bank regulator. It was established by Congress in 1913 to offer the nation with a more stable and elastic monetary system. The Federal Reserve System serves as the US government's banker, provides banking services to commercial banks, and regulates the supply of money and credit in the United States.

The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is a US government agency that was created in 1914 to safeguard consumers by enforcing antitrust and consumer protection regulations. The Federal Trade Commission Act, which President Woodrow Wilson signed on September 26, 1914, established the Federal Trade Commission.

The commission is in charge of ensuring that consumers are not deceived or injured by corporations, as well as promoting business competition, which keeps prices low and encourages innovation. The commission is also in charge of enforcing federal antitrust rules that prohibit monopolistic behavior and preserve market competition.

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The objective was to starve England before the English bar crushed Germany. On May 7, 1915, the German submarine U-20 torpedoed the Lusitania, a Cunard traveler liner, off the shore of Ireland. Almost 1,200 everyone, including 128 Americans, lost their lives.

On 4 February 1915, Germany proclaimed a disaster area around England, inside which shipper ships were sunk without warning. This 'unrestricted submarine fighting' rankled neutral countries, particularly the United States. The strategy was deserted on 1 September 1915, following the deficiency of American lives in the torpedoed liners Lusitania and Arabic.

Subsequent to neglecting to seize control of the ocean from the English at the Battle of Jutland in 1916, Germany resumed unrestricted submarine fighting on 1 February 1917. This, coupled with the Zimmermann Wire, brought the United States into the conflict on 6 April. But the new U-boat bar almost succeeded and between February and April 1917, U-boats sank in excess of 500 vendor ships. In the final part of April, a normal of 13 boats were sunk every day.

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Option B is correct, These details all relate to the central idea that the immigrant inspectors at Ellis Island performed a crucial job.

The common experience of arriving at Ellis Island was long lines of immigrants slowly entering the Main Building where they were rapidly and carefully inspected by the doctors for any sign of disease or signs of physical or mental weakness. In the Ellis Island Immigration Station, immigrants frequently interacted with inspectors, interpreters, nurses, medical professionals, social workers, and many other staff members.

Ellis Island had a sizable government staff of about 500 workers at a time, and they were a well-organized group. Between 1892 and 1954, the period of operation of Ellis Island, almost 12 million immigrants would travel through. They came from Southern and Eastern Europe in large numbers. Russians, Italians, Slavs, Jews, and Turks were among them. Cities were overrun with new immigrants.

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Answer: View answer in the explanation below.

Explanation: Macuilxochitl was a Nahua woman who lived in the 16th century in central Mexico. She was a noblewoman and a poet, known for her poetry that incorporated both Nahua and Spanish styles and language.

In her poetry, Macuilxochitl describes herself as a “woman warrior” and a “warrior of flowers.” She uses these titles to emphasize her connection to the natural world, particularly flowers and butterflies. This suggests that she saw herself as a defender of nature and may have been involved in the cultivation or preservation of plants.

When Macuilxochitl describes the Tenochtitlan (Aztec) conquest of Tlacotepec as “forays for flowers [and] butterflies,” she is using metaphors to describe the violence of the conquest. The metaphor of “forays for flowers” suggests that the conquest was motivated by a desire to capture and collect beautiful things, rather than a desire for territory or power. This reflects the Aztec view of war as a ritualized practice that could be used to acquire tribute and increase social status.

Macuilxochitl's account of Axayacatl sparing the Otomi warrior partly because he brought a piece of wood and deerskin to the ruler suggests that tribute played a significant role in Aztec society. Tribute was a system of payments and goods that subject peoples were required to provide to the Aztec rulers, and the ability to provide tribute was an important measure of status and power. By bringing a valuable item to the ruler, the Otomi warrior was able to demonstrate his worth and avoid being sacrificed.

In terms of how the artist uses art and design to emphasize the importance of tribute, Aztec art often depicted scenes of tribute being brought to the rulers. These scenes were highly stylized and often included intricate details and symbolism that emphasized the power and status of the rulers.

In terms of how this biography of Macuilxochitl supports, extends, or challenges what we have learned about the state and economy in Mesoamerica in this period, it provides a valuable perspective from a female poet and noblewoman. It also emphasizes the importance of tribute in Aztec society and highlights the connection between the Aztecs and the natural world. Overall, it supports what we have learned about the state and economy in Mesoamerica in this period, while also adding nuance and complexity to our understanding of these topics.

Macuilxochitl, an Aztec poet and daughter of king Axayacatl, used metaphors to poetically describe violent conquests. The sparing of the Otomi warrior due to a tribute reflects the significance of tribute in their society. The artist emphasized tribute's importance through art and design, and Macuilxochitl's biography reinforces how tribute integrated into Mesoamerican statecraft during this period.

Macuilxochitl was an Aztec poet and the youngest daughter of the king Axayacatl. The phrase ‘forays for flowers [and] butterflies’ is a poetic metaphor she used to describe the conquest of Tlacotepec, which compares the violent conquering of a city to a more benign search for beauty, likely used to lighten the harshness of the violent reality of the conquest.

The sparing of the Otomi warrior by Axayacatl, thanks to the offering of a piece of wood and deerskin, suggests the importance of tribute and gifts in their culture. It shows how gifts could serve not just as a token of respect to higher-ranking individuals, but also an act of submission. The offering can be seen as both literal (an actual gift) and symbolic (submission).

The artist emphasizes the importance of tribute through various mediums. One of them being the depictions of item exchanges on art pieces, which glorified diplomatic relationships and highlighted the value of proper tribute exchange. Such depictions also established the hierarchies of power.

For critical thinking, the biography of Macuilxochitl reinforces our understanding of how intricately tribute played into Mesoamerican statecraft during this period. It shows that tribute was not only an economic but also a political tool. It also helps us understand how socio-political relations and the economy coexisted and influenced each other in the Mesoamerican society.

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Answer:

Explanation: Romulus and Remus were twin boys born to a princess named Rhea Silvia. Their father was the fierce Roman god of war, Mars. The king where the boys lived was scared that someday Romulus and Remus would overthrow him and take his throne. So he had the boys left in a basket on the Tiber River.

Answer:

C. Japan hosted the "Great White Fleet" of the United States in 1908 and, as a result, decided to create a large navy of its own.

Simón Bolívar helped liberate Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru from Spain .

Simón Bolvar, often known as The Liberator, was a South American soldier and statesman who oversaw the revolts against Spanish power in New Granada (present-day Colombia, Venezuela, and Ecuador), Peru, and Upper Peru. He was born in Caracas, New Granada, on July 24, 1783, and passed away in Santa Maria, Colombia, on December 17, 1830. (now Bolivia).

Colombia didn't win full independence until 1819, under Simon Bolivar's leadership. An offensive against Venezuela started a year earlier and culminated on August 7th, 1819, in the Battle of Boyaca. The Angostura Congress and the founding of the current Republic of Colombia resulted from this closure.

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Answer:

Explanation:

a war that is unrestricted in terms of the weapons used, the territory or combatants involved, or the objectives pursued, especially one in which the laws of war are disregarded.

The 15 executive department heads make up the Cabinet, an advisory body. The members of the Cabinet are frequently the President's closest allies and are chosen by the President and ratified by the Senate.

Why does the U.S. Senate vote on appointments to the president's cabinet?

Throughout the previous 200 years, the Senate has only formally rejected a small number of cabinet nominees. From 1925 and 1989, a 64-year span, there was only one refusal. On June 19, 1959, it took place.

The Senate retains the following authorities for its own use: It confirms the President's appointments with a majority vote and ratifies treaties with a two-thirds supermajority. Ratification of trade agreements and the confirmation of the Vice President both require the House of Representatives' approval.

Positions for PAs (around 400 positions): appointments made by the president that are not subject to Senate confirmation. These are high-level posts, including those in the President's Executive Office such as top advisors and aides in the White House.

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Option B is correct. The following theoretical model that explains why the pluralist model exists.

The pluralist believes that social heterogeneity prevents one group from gaining dominance. Politics, in their view, is essentially a matter of aggregation of preferences. This means that coalitions are inherently unstable (Polsby, 1980) and competition is easily maintained.

Because “political heterogeneity follows socioeconomic heterogeneity,” Dahl believes that social differentiation will increasingly lead to the dispersion of power. In this case, Hamed Kazem Zadeh (Canadian pluralist and human rights activist) argues that organizational membership socializes individuals to democratic norms, increases participation, and relaxes societal policies to enable bargaining and negotiation.

A pluralistic approach to the study of power states that a particular community cannot assume anything tangible about power. whether to To determine this, pluralists look at certain outcomes. The reason is that they believe that human behavior is largely determined by inertia.

But actual involvement in overt activity is a stronger indicator of leadership than mere reputation. Pluralists also believe that there is no particular issue or point at which a group must assert itself in order to be true to its own expressed values, but that there are various groups at which this can be done.

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World War I prompted changes in America and the geopolitical landscape and a greater focus on the development of military technology, weapons, and tactics to help increase the country's world power.

In other words, the aftermath of the war highlighted the importance of America's role in the world and prompted debates about how to achieve national security and pursue American interests. All this had a great impact on society as a whole, reshaping the way the United States viewed its place in the world.

The United States had not been actively involved in World War I until 1917. However, the country's entry into the war was a game-changer. It tipped the scales in favor of the Allies, who ultimately emerged victorious. This victory, in turn, made the United States a major player on the world stage and solidified its status as a world power.

The war had demonstrated the importance of military power, and many Americans believed that a strong army and advanced weapons were necessary for national security. However, others argued that the war had been fought for the wrong reasons and that the United States should focus on diplomacy and international cooperation instead.

In addition, World War I had profound effects on American society. The war brought about significant changes in gender roles and led to the emergence of new cultural trends. It also led to the creation of the League of Nations, an international organization aimed at promoting world peace and cooperation. The League of Nations marked a significant shift in American foreign policy and reflected ongoing debates about the nation's role in the world.

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Alice Paul wanted to make a change to the U.S. Constitution to give women the right to vote in all states.

She suggested the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), a federal amendment that guaranteed that "equality of rights under the law will not be denied or restricted on account of sex by the United States or by any state.

" All women in the country would now have the same legal rights and the ability to vote thanks to this amendment. However, Congress never approved the ERA, and in the end, the 19th Amendment was passed in 1920, granting women the right to vote.

Paul played a crucial role as a leader in the fight for women's suffrage, and her influence is still felt today.

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In 1850 and 1852, California passed laws that charged a tax on foreign miners. These taxes were aimed at the large numbers of immigrant miners drawn by the gold rush from China.

The gold rush was a period of mass migration in California, United States, from 1848 to 1855. Thousands of people, mainly from California and elsewhere, came to the region in search of gold.The California gold rush, which began in January 1848, brought more than 300,000 people from all over the world to California. The miners discovered gold in 1849 and flocked to California in the hopes of getting rich quickly.Most of the miners who came to California during the gold rush were men.

People from all over the world came, but the largest group came from the United States. Some miners came from Mexico, Europe, and Australia, while others came from China.According to the 1852 tax law, Chinese miners were supposed to pay a monthly fee of $4, which was later increased to $6 per month. This was the first discriminatory act against Chinese immigrants in America that taxed foreign miners specifically.

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the plague brought benefits as well: modern labor movements, improvements in medicine and a new approach to life. Indeed, much of the Italian Renaissance—even Shakespeare's drama to some extent—is an aftershock of the Black Death.

Answer: plastic straws harm the enviornment and are very hard to decompose

Explanation:

Answer:

Chief Legislator

Explanation:

This is one of the roles of the President as outlined in the Constitution of the United States. The Chief Legislator has the power to influence the legislative agenda by recommending and vetoing laws. The President may also work with members of Congress to craft legislation and negotiate compromises to ensure that bills become law.

Alice Paul returned to the United States and dedicated herself to the women’s suffrage movement. She soon became a leader of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA), working with other prominent feminist figures like Carrie Chapman Catt.

Paul planned major protests, such the 1913 "Women Suffrage March" in Washington, D.C., which took place immediately before Woodrow Wilson's inauguration.

She also spearheaded a tenacious fight to get the 19th Amendment, which guaranteed women the right to vote, passed.

Paul was steadfast in her commitment to the cause, and she even served time in prison for it. In the end, her efforts were successful, and in 1920, the 19th Amendment was ratified. The current women's rights movement in the United States was founded on the efforts of Alice Paul, whose legacy continues to motivate people today.

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During the years between World War I and the United States entry into WWII, the following factors shaped American foreign policy:

1. Isolationism

2. Economic and commercial interests

3. Ideology and morality

4. Domestic politics

5. U.S. military power

6. Growing concern for national security

In this period, American foreign policy was governed by isolationist values. In the early 20th century, Americans were more focused on domestic issues rather than foreign policy.

Isolationism grew following the end of World War I as a reaction to the high number of casualties, disillusionment with war, and disappointment with the peace settlement. Americans were hesitant to become involved in international affairs and instead focused on rebuilding the economy and promoting domestic issues.

Economic and commercial interests were another factor shaping American foreign policy during this period. The United States was a powerful economic force and had interests abroad that required protection. By promoting open-door policies, the United States aimed to create markets and opportunities for its goods and services.

Ideology and morality also influenced American foreign policy during this period. There was a strong belief in the spread of democracy, individual freedom, and human rights, and the United States saw it as their responsibility to promote these values abroad.

Domestic politics were a significant factor shaping American foreign policy during this period. Presidents had to balance foreign policy objectives with domestic concerns and pressure from Congress and interest groups. U.S. military power was another factor influencing American foreign policy. The United States became increasingly involved in international affairs due to its powerful military and the need to protect its economic interests and allies.

Finally, the growing concern for national security shaped American foreign policy in the years between World War I and the United States' entry into WWII. As tensions mounted in Europe, the United States recognized the need to protect its interests and maintain a strong military presence.

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Answer:

(E) focus its foreign policy on containing the spread of Soviet communism.

(B) the internment of Japanese Americans as a wartime necessity.

(B) Large numbers left their industrial jobs to make room for returning soldiers.

(E) widespread student opposition to the development of nuclear weaponry.

44. . In an influential 1947 article, diplomat George F. Kennan advocated that the United States should focus its foreign policy on containing the spread of Soviet communism. The correct option is E

45.  The Supreme Court ruling in Korematsu v. United States upheld the constitutionality of the internment of Japanese Americans as a wartime necessity. The correct option is B.

Kennan's article suggested that the United States should confront the Soviet Union and its communist allies whenever they were in danger of gaining influence.

46. In the five years following the Second World War, large numbers left their industrial jobs to make room for returning soldiers. The correct option is B.

47. The decade after the Second World War was characterized by all of the following expect widespread student opposition to the development of nuclear weaponry. The correct answer is option E.

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